CN105207043A - Photoelectric oscillator - Google Patents
Photoelectric oscillator Download PDFInfo
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- CN105207043A CN105207043A CN201510612438.XA CN201510612438A CN105207043A CN 105207043 A CN105207043 A CN 105207043A CN 201510612438 A CN201510612438 A CN 201510612438A CN 105207043 A CN105207043 A CN 105207043A
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Abstract
The invention provides a photoelectric oscillator which comprises a DFB laser device, a delay optical path and a photoelectric mixing feedback loop. The DFB laser device is used for generating local oscillator optical signals. The delay optical path is used for delaying the local oscillator optical signals. The photoelectric mixing feedback loop is used for carrying out down-converting processing on the local oscillator signals and input optical carrier waves to obtain low-frequency electrical carrier waves, filtering the electrical carrier waves in a narrow-band mode, carrying out up-converting processing on the delayed local oscillator optical signals and the filtered electric carrier waves, and outputting optical carrier waves. Optical delay generated by the delay optical path and electrical delay generated by the photoelectric mixing feedback loop are matched so as to eliminate phase noise attached to the local oscillator signals on the output optical carrier waves. The method of electrical assistance is utilized, a Q value up to 1.4*10<7> is achieved equivalently, intracavity delay and gain are provided by an electric device, and sensitivity to environment factors caused by long optical fibers and loud noise caused by an optical amplifier are avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of laser device technology, specifically, relating to a kind of optical-electronic oscillator for generating single longitudinal mode, super-narrow line width laser.
Background technology
Single longitudinal mode, narrow linewidth laser all have extremely important effect in many applications, such as produce for optical fiber perception, optical fiber communication and microwave frequency.So-called single longitudinal mode, namely export light and go out single-frequency characteristic at frequency domain representation, this point is extremely important when needs are modulated light.Because the longitudinal mode spacing of general Multi-Longitudinal Mode laser is all narrow, when modulating (especially high bit rate modulation) to it, multiple longitudinal mode can be caused spectrum overlapping by modulation simultaneously, makes error rate of system increase.In addition, in the analog-modulated field such as probe beam deflation measurement that the frequency domain characteristic to light is comparatively responsive, many longitudinal modes also can produce very large interference to measurement result.Obtain the Typical Representative that namely extensively commercial semiconductor DFB is single longitudinal mode laser at present.
So-called narrow linewidth (being defined as 3dB live width here in kHz magnitude), the phase noise namely exporting light is little.Due to the impact of various outside and internal factor, the phase place exporting light can produce the random fluctuation deviating from perfect condition, and its size can be weighed by phase noise, and contacts directly with laser linewidth.The light source of Low phase noise can reduce making an uproar at the end of receiver in coherent optical communication, thus improves the sensitivity of receiver; And in relevant probe beam deflation is measured, its good coherence can promote measuring distance greatly.Namely the fiber laser of general commercialization is the representative of narrow linewidth laser.
As everyone knows, square being inversely proportional to of the quality factor (Q value) of the limit live width limited by Schawlow-Townes relation and laser cavity, and in most of the cases Q value is positively correlated with chamber time delay.But large chamber time delay can cause the remarkable decline of Free Spectral Range (FSR) thus cause mode hopping and multimode reforming phenomena.Therefore, in order to while bonding longitudinal mode and narrow linewidth, narrow band filter must be added on the basis in long delay chamber.
The work of major part forefathers all obtains narrow linewidth and swashs and penetrate and carry out narrow-band filtering modeling under overlength optical fiber time delay condition.The Compound Cavity structure be such as made up of two fiber optic loop or Fabry Perot resonator, the Free Spectral Range that two difference that it can be had by self are very large realizes the function selecting a pattern in longitudinal mode intensive in a large number.The function of this Compound Cavity also can be realized by random Rayleigh scattering effect.Some nonlinear effects also can be used for realizing narrow-band filtering, such as stimulated Brillouin scattering gain and the self adaptation grating that produced by standing wave and saturated absorption in without the Er-doped fiber of pumping.In addition, phase shift Bragg grating, FP chamber or fiber optic loop tradition optical filter and the more emerging micro-cavity structure based on integrated technology also can as narrow band filters.
But above-mentioned prior art all has open defect.First, semiconductor DFB, owing to growing too short in chamber, principle is just difficult to realize narrow linewidth.Secondly, the Q value not high enough (namely generally can only reach the bandwidth of GHz magnitude) of the optical filters such as traditional phase shift Bragg grating, and the longitudinal mode spacing of general fiber laser is in MHz magnitude, cannot realize single mode filtering.In addition, the narrow-band filtering based on Compound Cavity and nonlinear effect all needs long optical fibers structure, even very responsive to the change of incident optical power to environment.Further, although the Q value of micro-cavity structure is very high (can reach 10
8above), also comparatively stable, but need very high technological level.
Therefore need a kind of simple and reliable photoelectricity oscillator based on optical fiber badly and generate single longitudinal mode narrow-linewidth laser.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve traditional optical filter pass band width in prior art wide, and based on the stable not technological deficiency of the narrow band narrow band light filtering performance of nonlinear effect.
The invention provides a kind of optical-electronic oscillator, comprising:
Distributed Feedback Laser, for generating local oscillator light signal;
Time delay light path, for carrying out time delay by local oscillator light signal;
Photoelectricity hybrid feedback loop, obtaining low frequency electricity carrier wave for carrying out down-converted to local oscillator light signal and input light carrier, carrying out narrow-band filtering, carry out upconversion process export light carrier to the local oscillator light signal after delay and filtered electric carrier wave electric carrier wave;
Wherein, the light time delay that time delay light path produces and the electric time delay that photoelectricity hybrid feedback loop produces match, to eliminate the phase noise being attached to the local oscillator light signal exported on light carrier.
In one embodiment, described photoelectricity hybrid feedback loop comprises:
First coupler, first input end receives local oscillator light signal, and the second input receives input light carrier, for being coupled to local oscillator light signal and input light carrier;
Balanced detector, its input connects the output of the first coupler, carries out down-converted obtain low frequency electricity carrier wave to local oscillator light signal and input light carrier;
Amplifier, its input connects the output of balanced detector, for carrying out amplification process to electric carrier wave;
Acousto-optic frequency shifters, its first input end connects the output of amplifier, the output of the second input coupling time delay light path, carries out narrow-band filtering to electric carrier wave, carries out upconversion process simultaneously export light carrier to the local oscillator light signal after delay and filtered electric carrier wave.
In one embodiment, described time delay light path comprises:
Second coupler, its input connects Distributed Feedback Laser, and the first output and the second output all export local oscillator light signal, and wherein, the first output connects the first input end of the first coupler;
Time delay optical fiber, its one end connects the second output of the second coupler, and the other end connects the second input of acousto-optic frequency shifters.
In one embodiment, the light carrier that described acousto-optic frequency shifters exports feeds back to the second input of the first coupler.
In one embodiment, be attached to the extra phase noise spectrum exported on light carrier to be expressed as:
|e
iωτ-1|
2Φ(ω)＝4sin
2(ωτ/2)·Φ(ω)，
Wherein, τ is the delay inequality between the light time delay that produces of time delay light path and the electric time delay that produces of photoelectricity hybrid feedback loop, the phase noise spectrum that Φ (ω) is local oscillator light signal; ω=2 π f, f are the frequency of local oscillator light signal.
In one embodiment, the first input end of described first coupler and the beam intensity ratio of the second input are 5:5, first output of described second coupler and the splitting ratio of the second output are 5:5, and described first output of the 3rd coupler and the splitting ratio of the second output are 3:7;
The local oscillator optical signal power that described Distributed Feedback Laser exports is 3dBm, and the overall gain of described balanced detector and amplifier is 46dB, and the insertion loss of acousto-optic frequency shifters is 5dB;
Described optical-electronic oscillator is 20dB in the equivalent gain of light at center light carrier wave place.
In one embodiment, the optical fiber in described optical-electronic oscillator is polarization maintaining optical fibre.
In one embodiment, described Distributed Feedback Laser is single longitudinal mode narrow linewidth laser.
Embodiments of the invention provide a kind of technical scheme of super narrow band narrow band light filtering of assisting based on electricity.Light carrier is shaken by first via trimmed book first and is down-converted to the electrical domain of 100MHz, and then this electric carrier wave is by centre frequency 100MHz, a bandwidth 14MHz electrical filter, finally by same local oscillator light up-conversion light echo territory.Thus equivalence the MHz even ultra-narrow bandwidth filter of lower amounts level can be realized in area of light.
Meanwhile, required time delay also realizes in electrical domain.Further, the time delay that the second road trimmed book shakes and this electric delay match, the phase noise of input light carrier can accurately be preserved, and avoids being mixed into of outside noise (especially the phase noise of local oscillator light), thus makes sharp the penetrating of Low phase noise become possibility.
Embodiments of the invention utilize the auxiliary method equivalence of electricity to achieve up to 1.4 × 10
7q value, this is that traditional optical filter cannot realize.In chamber, time delay and gain are all provided by electric device, avoid that long optical fibers causes responsive to environmental factor and the large noise introduced by image intensifer.What whole scheme used is all existing very ripe devices, does not have particular/special requirement to manufacture craft.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description, and, partly become apparent from specification, or understand by implementing the present invention.Object of the present invention and other advantages realize by structure specifically noted in specification, claims and accompanying drawing and obtain.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms a part for specification, with embodiments of the invention jointly for explaining the present invention, is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the optoelectronic hybrid oscillator of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal mode characteristic of the optoelectronic hybrid oscillator output light carrier of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the line width characteristic of the optoelectronic hybrid oscillator output light carrier of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
The present embodiment provides a kind of optoelectronic hybrid oscillator, the ultra-narrow bandwidth optical filter that an insertion time delay and bandwidth are all fixed in short fiber chamber.According to Kramers-Kronig relation, such ultra-narrow bandwidth filter is always along with long delay (i.e. so-called slower rays filter).So both avoid the instability that long optical fibers brings, further provide long delay, recycling ultra-narrow bandwidth filter, thus reach the object of single longitudinal mode and narrow linewidth simultaneously.But the filtering directly realizing MHz magnitude on high-frequency light carrier like this (frequency of 1550nm communication band is about 200THz) is very difficult.Therefore, the present embodiment provides a kind of super narrow band light filtering method auxiliary based on electricity.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the optoelectronic hybrid oscillator that the present embodiment provides.This oscillator mainly comprises Distributed Feedback Laser 110, time delay light path 130 and photoelectricity hybrid feedback loop 150.Wherein, Distributed Feedback Laser 110 is for generating local oscillator light signal.Time delay light path 130 is for carrying out time delay by local oscillator light signal.Photoelectricity hybrid feedback loop 150 obtains low frequency electricity carrier wave for carrying out down-converted to local oscillator light signal and input light carrier, carries out narrow-band filtering, carry out upconversion process export light carrier to the local oscillator light signal after delay and filtered electric carrier wave electric carrier wave.Wherein, the optical fiber in Fig. 1 is polarization maintaining optical fibre.It should be noted that, as long as the electric time delay that light time delay time delay light path produced and photoelectricity hybrid feedback loop produce is set to match, the phase noise being attached to the local oscillator light signal exported on light carrier can be eliminated.
Specifically, photoelectricity hybrid feedback loop 150 in FIG comprises the first coupler 151, balanced detector 152, amplifier 153 and acousto-optic frequency shifters (AOM) 154.The first input end of the first coupler 151 receives local oscillator light signal, and the second input receives input light carrier, for being coupled to local oscillator light signal and input light carrier.The input of balanced detector 152 connects the output of the first coupler 151, carries out down-converted obtain low frequency electricity carrier wave to local oscillator light signal and input light carrier.The input of amplifier 153 connects the output of balanced detector 152, for carrying out amplification process to electric carrier wave.The first input end of acousto-optic frequency shifters 154 connects the output of amplifier 153, the output of the second input coupling time delay light path 130, narrow-band filtering is carried out to electric carrier wave, upconversion process is carried out to the local oscillator light signal after delay and filtered electric carrier wave simultaneously and export light carrier.Further, the light carrier that acousto-optic frequency shifters 154 exports, after the 3rd coupler 155 light splitting, a road feeds back to the second input of the first coupler 151, and another road is as output light carrier.
Time delay light path 130 in FIG comprises the second coupler 131 and time delay optical fiber 132.The input of the second coupler 131 connects Distributed Feedback Laser 110, first output and the second output all exports local oscillator light signal.First output connects the first input end of the first coupler 151, provides local oscillator light signal to photoelectricity hybrid feedback loop 150.One end of time delay optical fiber 132 connects the second output of the second coupler 131, and the other end connects the second input of acousto-optic frequency shifters 154, to the local oscillator light signal after acousto-optic frequency shifters 154 provides time delay.
Wherein, balanced detector 152 is preferably configured to high-gain balance photodetector BPD, and amplifier 153 is preferably low noise amplifier LNA.First input light carrier is down-converted to the electrical domain of 100MHz by local oscillator light at balanced detector 152 place, obtain electric carrier wave, suppresses part common-mode noise simultaneously, improves signal to noise ratio.Then this electric carrier wave is exaggerated device 153 and amplifies, finally at acousto-optic frequency shifters 154 place by same local oscillator light up-conversion.
Because the light transmission rate of acousto-optic frequency shifters can change (in an experiment along with the frequency change of applied radio-frequency driven, when rf frequency is 100MHz, light transmission rate is maximum), therefore acousto-optic frequency shifters 154 also plays the role of electrical filter, its three dB bandwidth and time delay all can be measured by vector network analyzer, are respectively about 14MHz and 660ns.Clearly, its three dB bandwidth of super narrow-band optical filter that the present embodiment provides is 14MHz, and centre frequency is lower than trimmed book vibration frequency 100MHz place.
Therefore, this electric carrier wave is 14MHz electrical filter essentially by a centre frequency 100MHz, bandwidth, finally by same local oscillator light up-conversion light echo territory.Under the help that this frequency translation is right, MHz very difficult in the prior art even super narrow band narrow band light filtering of lower amounts level can easily realize in electrical domain, because carrier frequency has been reduced significantly.
Because in whole frequency conversion process, the amplitude of light carrier, frequency and phase information all go on record, therefore the response of whole electrical filter intactly can move area of light, be equivalent to a 14MHz, super narrow-band optical filter that centre frequency is about 200THz, calculate its Q value and be about 1.4 × 10
7.
Meanwhile, required time delay also realizes in electrical domain, and theory analysis shows that, when the time delay of time delay optical fiber 132 is with this electric delay match, the phase noise of input light carrier can accurately be preserved, avoid being mixed into of outside noise, thus make sharp the penetrating of Low phase noise become possibility.By the scheme that this is brand-new, Fig. 1 provides the optoelectronic hybrid oscillator of a Low phase noise, and its 20dB live width exporting light is only 13kHz (corresponding 3dB Lorentz live width 650Hz), and side mode suppression ratio reaches 30dB.
In addition, in FIG, the first input end of the first coupler 151 and the beam intensity ratio of the second input are 5:5, first output of the second coupler 131 and the splitting ratio of the second output are 5:5, and first output (feedback) of the 3rd coupler and the splitting ratio of the second output (output) are 3:7.Distributed Feedback Laser 110 is single longitudinal mode narrow linewidth laser, and its 3dB live width is approximately 40kHz, and the local oscillator optical signal power of output is 3dBm, and the overall gain of balanced detector 152 and amplifier 153 is 46dB, and the insertion loss of acousto-optic frequency shifters 154 is 5dB.
In the present embodiment, the light local oscillation power for photoelectricity and electro-optic conversion is all 3dBm.Second coupler 131 is couplers of a 5:5, and the Insertion Loss of acousto-optic frequency shifters is 5dB.The super narrow-band optical filter that Fig. 1 provides can regard a flight data recorder as, and the net gain of heart light carrier place (lower than trimmed book vibration frequency 100MHz) is 20dB wherein.Because of the existence of gain for this reason, when the output of this filter and input are linked up the closed annular chamber of composition one with two couplers (the first coupler 151 and the 3rd coupler 155), it can form sharp lase, Output optical power-5dBm.
This loop gain and existing laser are diverse, because it comes from electric amplifier in loop instead of image intensifer.It should be noted that this loop is a laser really: if the time delay long enough of loop (such as inserting segment length's optical fiber), export light and can produce the concussion of obvious multimode.In fact, even if do not insert optical fiber also can observe faint limit mould existence (it is that single longitudinal mode exports that trimmed book shakes) after balanced detector, its side mode suppression ratio is 30dB.As shown in Figure 2, the longitudinal mode spacing of 1.46MHz corresponds to loop time delay (the electrical filter time delay of 660ns adds the optical-fiber time-delay of 25ns), and this is consistent with the characteristic in common lasers chamber.
Key point of the present invention is how to make light carrier not introduce the phase place of local oscillator Distributed Feedback Laser after by optical filter, thus obtains Low phase noise and swash and penetrate.Theory analysis shows when matched fiber (Matchedfiber), when the time delay that time delay optical fiber 132 namely in Fig. 1 is introduced is mated with electric time delay (BPD-LNA-AOM), the noise characteristic of input/output light carrier can accurately keep and independent of the phase noise of local oscillator light.By frequency translation to rear, the extra phase noise spectrum be attached on input/output light carrier can be expressed as:
|e
iωτ-1|
2Φ(ω)＝4sin
2(ωτ/2)·Φ(ω)，
Wherein, τ is the delay inequality between the light time delay that produces of time delay light path and the electric time delay that produces of photoelectricity hybrid feedback loop, the phase noise spectrum that Φ (ω) is local oscillator light signal.
As can be seen from the above equation, even if the phase noise Φ (ω) of local oscillator light is very large, as long as τ is enough little, the extra phase noise be so attached on input/output light carrier just can be ignored.In the example of fig. 1, time delay optical fiber 132 is the polarization maintaining optical fibre of one section of 132m length, mates the electric time delay of 660ns.
In addition, the live width of light carrier and local oscillator light is exported with the method measurement of comparison of time delay self-heterodyne.Time delay optical fiber 140km, frequency displacement 100MHz.Fig. 3 compared for the local oscillator light (20dB bandwidth is about 920kHz) of wide live width and the Laser output of mixed electrical optical oscillator, the 20dB live width exporting light is only 13kHz (corresponding 3dB Lorentz live width 650Hz), have dropped nearly 2 orders of magnitude compared to local oscillator light.
In sum, embodiments of the invention utilize the auxiliary method equivalence of electricity to achieve up to 1.4 × 10
7q value, this is that traditional optical filter cannot realize.In chamber, time delay and gain are all provided by electric device, avoid that long optical fibers causes responsive to environmental factor and the large noise introduced by image intensifer.Further, what technical scheme entirety used is all existing very ripe devices, not to the particular/special requirement of manufacture craft.
Although execution mode disclosed in this invention is as above, the execution mode that described content just adopts for the ease of understanding the present invention, and be not used to limit the present invention.Technical staff in any the technical field of the invention; under the prerequisite not departing from spirit and scope disclosed in this invention; any amendment and change can be done what implement in form and in details; but scope of patent protection of the present invention, the scope that still must define with appending claims is as the criterion.
Claims (8)
1. an optical-electronic oscillator, is characterized in that, comprising:
Distributed Feedback Laser, for generating local oscillator light signal;
Time delay light path, for carrying out time delay by local oscillator light signal;
Photoelectricity hybrid feedback loop, obtaining low frequency electricity carrier wave for carrying out down-converted to local oscillator light signal and input light carrier, carrying out narrow-band filtering, carry out upconversion process export light carrier to the local oscillator light signal after delay and filtered electric carrier wave electric carrier wave;
Wherein, the light time delay that time delay light path produces and the electric time delay that photoelectricity hybrid feedback loop produces match, to eliminate the phase noise being attached to the local oscillator light signal exported on light carrier.
2. optical-electronic oscillator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described photoelectricity hybrid feedback loop comprises:
First coupler, first input end receives local oscillator light signal, and the second input receives input light carrier, for being coupled to local oscillator light signal and input light carrier;
Balanced detector, its input connects the output of the first coupler, carries out down-converted obtain low frequency electricity carrier wave to local oscillator light signal and input light carrier;
Amplifier, its input connects the output of balanced detector, for carrying out amplification process to electric carrier wave;
Acousto-optic frequency shifters, its first input end connects the output of amplifier, the output of the second input coupling time delay light path, carries out narrow-band filtering to electric carrier wave, carries out upconversion process simultaneously export light carrier to the local oscillator light signal after delay and filtered electric carrier wave.
3. optical-electronic oscillator as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described time delay light path comprises:
Second coupler, its input connects Distributed Feedback Laser, and the first output and the second output all export local oscillator light signal, and wherein, the first output connects the first input end of the first coupler;
Time delay optical fiber, its one end connects the second output of the second coupler, and the other end connects the second input of acousto-optic frequency shifters.
4. optical-electronic oscillator as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the light carrier that described acousto-optic frequency shifters exports feeds back to the second input of the first coupler.
5. the optical-electronic oscillator according to any one of claim 1-4, is characterized in that, is attached to the extra phase noise spectrum exported on light carrier and is expressed as:
|e
iωτ-1|
2Φ(ω)＝4sin
2(ωτ/2)·Φ(ω)，
Wherein, τ is the delay inequality between the light time delay that produces of time delay light path and the electric time delay that produces of photoelectricity hybrid feedback loop, the phase noise spectrum that Φ (ω) is local oscillator light signal; ω=2 π f, f are the frequency of local oscillator light signal.
6. optical-electronic oscillator as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the first input end of described first coupler and the beam intensity ratio of the second input are 5:5, first output of described second coupler and the splitting ratio of the second output are 5:5, and described first output of the 3rd coupler and the splitting ratio of the second output are 3:7;
The local oscillator optical signal power that described Distributed Feedback Laser exports is 3dBm, and the overall gain of described balanced detector and amplifier is 46dB, and the insertion loss of acousto-optic frequency shifters is 5dB;
Described optical-electronic oscillator is 20dB in the equivalent gain of light at center light carrier wave place.
7. optical-electronic oscillator as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that,
Optical fiber in described optical-electronic oscillator is polarization maintaining optical fibre.
8. optical-electronic oscillator as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that,
Described Distributed Feedback Laser is single longitudinal mode narrow linewidth laser.
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| CN107039883A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-11 | 浙江大学 | A kind of optical-electronic oscillator based on frequency-selecting of intermediate frequency |
| CN108519163A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-09-11 | 浙江大学 | The direct modulation light of simulation based on chirp measurement feedback control carries radio frequency link device |
| CN108881087A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2018-11-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | One kind being used for the received frequency deviation estimating method of K-K |
| CN110071416A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-30 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of microwave signal frequency up conversion device based on Frequency shifted feedback laser |
| CN111756447A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-10-09 | 北京邮电大学 | Photoelectric oscillator |
| CN114499670A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-13 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Microwave signal processing device |
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| CN106771689A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2017-05-31 | 张家港市欧微自动化研发有限公司 | A kind of ultra wide band phase noise measuring system |
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| CN110071416A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-30 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of microwave signal frequency up conversion device based on Frequency shifted feedback laser |
| CN111756447A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-10-09 | 北京邮电大学 | Photoelectric oscillator |
| CN114499670A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-13 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Microwave signal processing device |
| CN114499670B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-09-15 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Microwave signal processing device |
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