CN112582867B - Forward Brillouin fiber laser based on stimulated Raman - Google Patents

Forward Brillouin fiber laser based on stimulated Raman Download PDF

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CN112582867B
CN112582867B CN202011415374.1A CN202011415374A CN112582867B CN 112582867 B CN112582867 B CN 112582867B CN 202011415374 A CN202011415374 A CN 202011415374A CN 112582867 B CN112582867 B CN 112582867B
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optical coupler
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CN112582867A (en
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刘毅
宁钰
商瑶
陈鹏飞
顾源琦
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
    • H01S3/06725—Fibre characterized by a specific dispersion, e.g. for pulse shaping in soliton lasers or for dispersion compensating [DCF]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
    • H01S3/08013—Resonator comprising a fibre, e.g. for modifying dispersion or repetition rate

Abstract

The invention discloses a forward Brillouin fiber laser based on stimulated Raman, which comprises a tunable single-frequency laser, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, a polarization controller, an optical coupler, a single-mode fiber, a polarization beam combiner, a photodiode, a spectrometer and a spectrometer. The advantages and positive effects of the forward Brillouin fiber laser based on the stimulated Raman are particularly embodied in that compared with the existing Brillouin fiber laser, the forward Brillouin fiber laser based on the stimulated Raman fiber laser utilizes the stimulated Raman R with equal frequency intervals and related to the fiber core diameter0mThe mode improves the design flexibility of the resonant cavity and realizes the Brillouin fiber laser irrelevant to the cavity length.

Description

Forward Brillouin fiber laser based on stimulated Raman
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of laser research, and particularly relates to a forward Brillouin fiber laser based on stimulated Raman.
Background
The Brillouin optical fiber laser has the characteristics of narrow line width, high signal-to-noise ratio and the like, and has wide application in the fields of optical communication systems, optical fiber radio, optical bistable state, distributed/point type optical fiber sensing, super-light-speed optical transmission and the like because the signal advance is in inverse proportion to the line width. The stimulated Brillouin scattering of the optical fiber can be divided into forward Brillouin scattering and backward Brillouin scattering according to directions, and with the continuous research and development of domestic and foreign scholars on the forward Brillouin scattering in recent years, the forward Brillouin scattering can be used for the fields of comb-shaped frequency generation, optical attenuators, mode-locked fiber lasers, optical storage and the like due to the characteristics of self-phase matching and easy spontaneous generation of high-order Stokes and anti-Stokes.
In the existing literature, the researchers at home and abroad (Opt.express.14, pp.9731-9736, July,2007 issued by Zuxing Zhang et al; Opt.express.14, pp.10233-10238, October,2006 issued by L.Zhang et al; patent of inventions proposed by Yoghui, granted publication No. CN209487930U, "a multi-wavelength fiber laser based on a novel resonant cavity") all use backward Brillouin scattering to realize the adjustable Brillouin fiber laser in the resonant cavity, but still the design flexibility of the resonant cavity is influenced by the constraint of the cavity length.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to overcoming the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and providing a stimulated raman based forward brillouin fiber laser using stimulated raman like R with equal frequency spacing and related to fiber core diameter0mThe mode improves the design flexibility of the resonant cavity and realizes the output of the Brillouin optical fiber laser irrelevant to the cavity length.
In order to achieve the above object, a stimulated raman-based forward brillouin fiber laser is provided, including: the device comprises a tunable single-frequency laser, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, a polarization controller, a first optical coupler, a second optical coupler, a single-mode fiber, a polarization beam combiner, a third optical coupler, a photodiode, a frequency spectrograph and a spectrometer;
pump light generated by a tunable single-frequency laser is amplified by an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, enters a port a of a first optical coupler through a polarization controller, is divided into two beams of coherent light which is transmitted in reverse direction, and is output from a port b and a port c of the first optical coupler, the port b and the port c of the first optical coupler are respectively and correspondingly connected to a port e and a port h of a second optical coupler, the pump light is divided into two beams of coherent light which are transmitted in reverse direction at the port e and the port h of the second optical coupler, light input from the port e is divided into two beams which are output from the port h and the port g, and light input from the port h is divided into two beams which are output from the port e and the port f; light output by the port f and the port g passes through a single-mode fiber loop, resonates, returns to the second optical coupler, and returns to the first optical coupler from the port e and the port h for demodulation; when the Brillouin gain of a resonant cavity formed by the second optical coupler and the single-mode fiber is higher than loss, a forward stimulated Raman laser signal is formed and is input from a port b and a port c of the first optical coupler, laser meeting a phase condition is output from a port d of the first optical coupler, light not meeting the phase condition is output from a port a of the first optical coupler, the laser output from the port d enters the third optical coupler and is divided into two beams to be output after the polarization state of the laser is adjusted by the polarization beam combiner, one beam is recorded by the photodiode and the spectrometer, and the other beam is recorded by the spectrometer.
The tunable fiber laser adopts a continuous operation laser with the center wavelength of 1550nm, the spectral line width of 400GHz, the side mode suppression ratio of more than 45dB, the relative noise of-145 dB/Hz, the maximum output power of 10dBm and the wavelength adjustable range of 1520-.
Wherein, the gain of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier is 15dB, and the wavelength range is 1528nm to 1565 nm.
The first optical coupler, the second optical coupler and the third optical coupler have a splitting ratio of 50:50 and are used for splitting the pump light into two coherent light beams.
Wherein the phase conditions are: and the laser output from the port e and the port h of the second optical coupler to the port b and the port c of the first optical coupler is divided into two beams of laser under the action of the first optical coupler, and the two beams of laser are output from the port a and the port d of the first optical coupler respectively.
Wherein the single mode fiber is an SM-28 single mode fiber with the length of 10km, and provides nonlinear Brillouin gain.
The response bandwidth of the photodiode is 0-12 GHz, and the response wavelength range is 400-1650 nm.
The bandwidth of the frequency spectrograph is 0-26.5 GHz, and the minimum resolution is 1Hz, so that the frequency spectrograph is used for analyzing the electric signals converted by the photoelectric detector.
Wherein the resolution of the spectrometer is 0.02nm and is used for observing laser output.
Different from the prior art, the stimulated Raman-based forward Brillouin fiber laser comprises a tunable laser, an EDFA, a polarization controller, an optical coupler, a single-mode fiber, a polarization beam combiner, a first-order-matching-mode-matching-mode, a second-matching-mode and a third-matching-mode,Photodiode, spectrometer, spectrum appearance. The invention utilizes the principle that forward stimulated Raman Brillouin scattering which has the same polarization characteristic as Ranan scattering and only changes the phase without changing the polarization state generates forward Brillouin laser in a resonant cavity formed by single-mode fibers, and utilizes the stimulated Raman scattering effect to generate a plurality of equally spaced R types which are related to the fiber core diameter and unrelated to the cavity length of the resonant cavity0mThe mode improves the design flexibility of the resonant cavity of the laser, and realizes the laser free spectral range irrelevant to the cavity length.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a stimulated raman-based forward brillouin fiber laser provided by the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a tunable fiber laser; 2. an erbium-doped fiber amplifier; 3. a polarization controller; 4. a first optical coupler; 5. a second optical coupler; 6. a single mode optical fiber; 7. a polarization beam combiner; 8. a third optical coupler; 9. a photodiode; 10. a frequency spectrograph; 11. a spectrometer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a stimulated raman-based forward brillouin fiber laser, including: the device comprises a tunable single-frequency laser 1, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier 2, a polarization controller 3, a first optical coupler 4, a second optical coupler 5, a single-mode fiber 6, a polarization beam combiner 7, a third optical coupler 8, a photodiode 9, a frequency spectrograph 10 and a spectrometer 11;
pump light generated by a tunable single-frequency laser 1 is amplified by an erbium-doped fiber amplifier 2, enters a port a of a first optical coupler 4 through a polarization controller 3, is divided into two beams of coherent light which is transmitted in reverse, and is output from a port b and a port c of the first optical coupler 4, the port b and the port c of the first optical coupler 4 are respectively and correspondingly connected to a port e and a port h of a second optical coupler 5, the pump light is divided into two beams of coherent light which is transmitted in reverse at the port e and the port h of the second optical coupler 5, light input from the port e is divided into two beams which are output from the port h and the port g, and light input from the port h is divided into two beams which are output from the port e and the port f; light output by the port f and the port g passes through the single-mode optical fiber ring 6, resonates and returns to the second optical coupler 5, and then returns to the first optical coupler 4 from the port e and the port h for demodulation, when the Brillouin gain of a resonant cavity formed by the second optical coupler 5 and the single-mode optical fiber 6 is higher than loss, forward stimulated Raman laser signals are formed and input from the port b and the port c of the first optical coupler 4, laser meeting a phase condition is output from the port d of the first optical coupler 4, light not meeting the phase condition is output from the port a of the first optical coupler 4, the laser output by the port d enters the third optical coupler 8 and is divided into two beams for output after the polarization state of the laser is adjusted by the polarization combiner 7, one beam is recorded by the photodiode 9 and the frequency spectrometer 10, and the other beam is recorded by the spectrometer 11.
The tunable fiber laser 1 is a continuous operation laser with a center wavelength of 1550nm, a spectral line width of 400GHz, a side mode suppression ratio of 45dB, a relative noise of-145 dB/Hz, a maximum output power of 10dBm and a wavelength adjustable range of 1520-.
Wherein, the gain of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier 2 is 15dB, and the wavelength range is 1528nm to 1565 nm. The polarization controller 3 is used to adjust the polarization state of the pump light, and the polarization beam combiner 7 is used to adjust the polarization state of the output light.
The splitting ratio of the first optical coupler 4, the second optical coupler 5 and the third optical coupler 8 is 50:50, and the first optical coupler, the second optical coupler and the third optical coupler are used for splitting the pump light into two coherent light beams.
Wherein the phase conditions are: the laser beams output from the ports e and h of the second optical coupler 5 to the ports b and c of the first optical coupler 4 are divided into two laser beams under the action of the first optical coupler 4, and the two laser beams are output from the ports a and d of the first optical coupler 4, if the laser beams output from the ports b and c of the first optical coupler 4 to the ports d are in the same phase, the phase condition is satisfied, otherwise, the phase condition is not satisfied.
Wherein the single mode fiber 6 is an SM-28 single mode fiber having a length of 10km, providing a nonlinear brillouin gain.
The response bandwidth of the photodiode 9 is 0-12 GHz, and the response wavelength range is 400-1650 nm.
The bandwidth of the spectrometer 10 is 0-26.5 GHz, and the minimum resolution is 1Hz, so as to analyze the electrical signal converted by the photodetector.
Wherein the spectrometer 11 has a resolution of 0.02nm and is used to observe the laser output.
The principle of the laser generating forward Brillouin laser is as follows:
continuous pump light is divided into two bundles of light after entering the single mode fiber ring, a bundle of light is transmitted along the original optical path forward, another bundle of light returns to the loop after transmitting a week along the loop anticlockwise, return to the loop and divide into two bundles of light again, repeat the above-mentioned process, the coherent light that satisfies the ring length condition takes place to interfere the stack, it is the same process that another bundle of reverse transmission's that is divided by second optical coupler 5 this moment light also gets into the single mode fiber ring, two bundles of reverse light take place to resonate in the loop, when the brillouin gain that produces in the resonant cavity is greater than when the loss, output forward brillouin laser.
The output forward Brillouin laser is reversely input into the first optical coupler 4 from e and h ports of the second optical coupler 5 with a phase difference of pi/2, one laser beam of the original phase enters the first optical coupler 4 anticlockwise and then is divided into two beams, one laser beam keeps the original phase and is output from an a port, the other laser beam with the phase difference of pi/2 is output from a d port, the other laser beam with the phase difference of pi/2 input from the second optical coupler 5 is divided into two beams in the first optical coupler 4, one laser beam keeps the phase difference of pi/2 and is output from the d port clockwise, the other laser beam is output from an a port anticlockwise with the phase difference of pi, coherent superposition is realized because the phase of the d port of the first optical coupler 4 meets a matching condition, and the forward Brillouin laser generated in the resonant cavity is demodulated and output from the d port.
Forward class R0mA mode is a radial mode, which expands and compresses simultaneously only in all directions, and the characteristic equation of this mode can be simplified as follows:
(1-α2)J0(ym)-α2J2(ym)＝0 (1-1)
wherein y ism＝aΩm/VL. a is the radius of the optical fiber, and a series of characteristic values y can be obtained by solving equation (1-1)mTo obtain a series of R-like0mMode frequency omegam. From the calculation results, a plurality of classes R are observed0mThe mode frequencies of the modes are approximately equally spaced (≈ 50MHz) and are related to the fiber core diameter of the fiber and are independent of the resonator cavity length.
The fiber ring resonator FSR can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002816246710000061
c＝3×108m/s is the speed of light in vacuum, n is the effective refractive index of the optical fiber, L is the ring length of the resonant cavity, because the laser must be generated by matching the Brillouin frequency shift amount of the gain spectrum and the resonant cavity mode at the same time, and a plurality of longitudinal modes in the resonant cavity are related to the core diameter of the optical fiber and unrelated to the cavity length of the resonant cavity, the invention has great flexibility in the design of the resonant cavity and can realize the free spectral range of the laser unrelated to the cavity length.
Compared with the existing Brillouin fiber laser which must meet the matching relation of the cavity length in the multi-longitudinal mode and the free laser spectrum range, the forward Brillouin fiber laser based on stimulated Raman provided by the invention utilizes a plurality of similar Rs generated by the stimulated Raman scattering effect0mThe mode has the characteristic of being related to the core diameter of the optical fiber and not related to the cavity length of the resonant cavity, and the flexibility of the laser in the aspect of resonant cavity design is improved.
The advantages and positive effects of the invention are embodied in the following aspects:
in the aspect of laser mode, the invention utilizes a plurality of R-like groups generated by stimulated Raman scattering effect0mThe modes are a plurality of longitudinal modes which have equal mode intervals, are only influenced by the optical fiber core diameter and are independent of the cavity length of the resonant cavity.
In the aspect of mechanism, the Brillouin fiber laser in the prior art can generate laser when the Brillouin frequency shift quantity of a gain spectrum and a resonant cavity mode are matched simultaneously, and the multiple longitudinal modes in the resonant cavity are related to the fiber core diameter and are unrelated to the cavity length of the resonant cavity, so that the design flexibility of the resonant cavity of the laser is improved, and the free spectral range of the laser which is not restricted by the cavity length is realized.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A stimulated raman-based forward brillouin fiber laser, comprising: the device comprises a tunable single-frequency laser (1), an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (2), a polarization controller (3), a first optical coupler (4), a second optical coupler (5), a single-mode fiber (6), a polarization beam combiner (7), a third optical coupler (8), a photodiode (9), a frequency spectrograph (10) and a spectrometer (11);
the pump light generated by the tunable single-frequency laser (1) enters a port a of a first optical coupler (4) through a polarization controller (3) after being amplified by an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (2), is divided into two beams of coherent light which are transmitted in reverse, and is output from a port b and a port c of the first optical coupler (4), the port b and the port c of the first optical coupler (4) are respectively and correspondingly connected to a port e and a port h of a second optical coupler (5), the two beams of coherent light which are transmitted in reverse are respectively divided into a port e and a port h of the second optical coupler (5), the light input from the port e is divided into two beams which are output from the port h and the port g, and the light input from the port h is divided into two beams which are output from the port e and the port f; light output by the port f and the port g passes through the single-mode fiber (6), resonates and returns to the second optical coupler (5), and then returns to the first optical coupler (4) from the port e and the port h for demodulation, when the Brillouin gain of a resonant cavity formed by the second optical coupler (5) and the single-mode fiber (6) is higher than loss, forward stimulated Raman laser signals are formed and input from the port b and the port c of the first optical coupler (4), wherein laser meeting a phase condition is output from the port d of the first optical coupler (4), light not meeting the phase condition is output from the port a of the first optical coupler (4), and the phase condition is as follows: laser output from the port e and the port h of the second optical coupler (5) to the port b and the port c of the first optical coupler (4) is divided into two beams of laser under the action of the first optical coupler (4), and the two beams of laser are output from the port a and the port d of the first optical coupler (4) respectively; the laser output from the port d enters the third optical coupler (8) to be divided into two beams to be output after the polarization state of the laser is adjusted by the polarization beam combiner (7), one beam is recorded by the photodiode (9) and the spectrometer (10), and the other beam is recorded by the spectrometer (11).
2. The stimulated raman-based forward brillouin fiber laser according to claim 1, wherein the tunable single-frequency laser (1) adopts a continuously operating laser having a center wavelength of 1550nm, a spectral line width of 400GHz, a side mode suppression ratio of >45dB, a relative noise of-145 dB/Hz, a maximum output power of 10dBm, and a wavelength tunable range of 1520-.
3. The stimulated raman-based forward brillouin fiber laser according to claim 1, wherein the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (2) has a gain of 15dB and a wavelength range of 1528nm to 1565 nm.
4. Stimulated-raman-based forward brillouin fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that said first (4), second (5) and third (8) optical couplers have a splitting ratio of 50:50 for splitting the pump light into two coherent beams.
5. Stimulated-raman-based forward brillouin fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that said single mode fiber (6) is an SM-28 single mode fiber with a length of 10km, providing a non-linear brillouin gain.
6. The stimulated raman-based forward brillouin fiber laser according to claim 1, wherein the response bandwidth of the photodiode (9) is 0 to 12GHz, and the response wavelength range is 400nm to 1650 nm.
7. Stimulated raman based forward brillouin fiber laser according to claim 1, characterized in that the spectrometer (10) has a bandwidth of 0 to 26.5GHz and a minimum resolution of 1Hz for analyzing the electrical signal converted by the photodetector.
8. Stimulated-raman based forward brillouin fiber laser according to claim 1, wherein said spectrometer (11) has a resolution of 0.02nm for observing laser output.
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