CN105206160B - Underground chamber system anchor bolt arching experimental provision and method - Google Patents
Underground chamber system anchor bolt arching experimental provision and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105206160B CN105206160B CN201510697574.3A CN201510697574A CN105206160B CN 105206160 B CN105206160 B CN 105206160B CN 201510697574 A CN201510697574 A CN 201510697574A CN 105206160 B CN105206160 B CN 105206160B
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- building stones
- anchor
- arching
- arch floor
- anchor pole
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 241000237509 Patinopecten sp. Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000020637 scallop Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005226 mechanical processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/006—Lining anchored in the rock
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
- E21D21/004—Bolts held in the borehole by friction all along their length, without additional fixing means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Educational Technology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Educational Administration (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses underground chamber system anchor bolt arching experimental provision and method, it includes the support that four support posts and cross bar are formed, the support post top of support is by supporting connector to be installed with side plate, two blocks of side plates are in be symmetrically installed, arch floor is fixedly mounted on the bottom of two blocks of side plates by connector, two blocks of fan-shaped side plates are fixedly mounted on the opening of side plate and arch floor, and form keystone hopper, on arch floor, the arch floor is used and is detachably connected rockbolt installation.This experimental rig can be used for intuitively embodying the arching of system anchor bolt used by underground chamber combined bolting and shotcrete, and the experimental teaching for underground engineering construction can deepen understanding of the student to the support principle of system anchor bolt.
Description
Technical field
The present apparatus is related to the underground chamber combined bolting and shotcrete of the engineering fields such as water power, traffic, and in particular to support system anchor pole
The experimental provision of mechanical function mechanism.
Background technology
At present, colleges and universities are in the underground engineering construction teaching of the specialty such as building, water power, traffic, for the branch of system anchor bolt
Shield principle is only capable of extruding stone experiment by anchor pole to verify the reinforcement effect of anchor pole, but to the arching of system anchor bolt supporting also
Lack related experiment.The underground chamber system anchor bolt arching experimental provision of this invention, can intuitively show underground chamber
System anchor bolt support principle, the deficiency in underground engineering construction Experimental Teaching Tache can be improved.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present apparatus is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of underground chamber system anchor bolt arching
Experimental provision, this experimental rig can be used for intuitively embody underground chamber combined bolting and shotcrete used by system anchor bolt arch effect
Should, the experimental teaching for underground engineering construction can deepen understanding of the student to the support principle of system anchor bolt.
To achieve the above object, the present invention will use following material and technical scheme：Underground chamber system anchor bolt arching
Experimental provision, it includes the support that four support posts and cross bar are formed, and the support post top of support is by supporting connector
Side plate is installed with, for two blocks of side plates in being symmetrically installed, arch floor is fixedly mounted on the bottom of two blocks of side plates by connector,
Two blocks of fan-shaped side plates are fixedly mounted on the opening of side plate and arch floor, and form keystone hopper, and rockbolt installation is in arch
On bottom plate, the arch floor is used and is detachably connected.
The arch floor uses arcuate structure, multirow is machined with arch floor, the circle that multiple row is equally spaced
Hole.
The fan-shaped side plate includes outside scallop and inner side scallop, and the radius of scallop can enter according to test requirements document
Row processing.
The support connector includes horizontal supporting plate and inclined support panel, horizontal supporting plate and inclined shore plate weld and
Into with being engaged on the outside of side plate, horizontal supporting plate is engaged inclined support panel with the top surface of support post.
The connector includes upper junction plate and lower connecting plate, upper junction plate and lower connecting plate welding, and arch floor is with
Connecting plate is engaged, and stud is provided with upper junction plate, and the both ends of stud are provided with fixing nut, and upper junction plate leads to
Stud and fixing nut is crossed to be fixedly linked with side plate.
The anchor pole is made of the screwed metal bar in both ends, and spiral shell is connected with by screw thread on external screw thread
Mother, pad are fixed on the end of anchor pole by nut.
A diameter of 0.5cm of the anchor pole, joint length 40cm, a diameter of 4cm of the pad, the number of the anchor pole
Measure as 40.
The nut uses wing nut, and the diameter of nut is less than the diameter of circular opening.
The method that underground chamber system anchor bolt arching experimental provision is tested, it comprises the following steps：
1）Fan-shaped side plate, side plate and arch floor are first subjected to assembly and connection, and the building stones groove formed is arranged on branch
Support on column, under conditions of being not provided with anchor pole in building stones groove, the building stones that particle diameter is 40 ~ 60mm are put into building stones groove, then
The arch floor of building stones groove of the dismounting equipped with building stones, observe the situation of the complete slump of building stones.
2）Arch floor is installed again, then pad will be fixed by nut on the external screw thread of anchor pole bottom, and will
Rockbolt installation after being completed is on the circular opening of arch floor.
3）The building stones that particle diameter is 40 ~ 60mm are reloaded in building stones groove, ensure anchor pole position without excessive variation.
4）After building stones fill building stones groove, pad is set with anchor pole top, then pad is compressed into building stones with nut, so it is right
Building stones provide enough anchor force, the wing nut on the external screw thread of all anchor poles at the top of knob anchor pole, in the work of pad
Building stones are applied with enough anchor forces with lower, it is tight that all anchor poles all are carried out into anchor using above-mentioned fastening means.
5）After all anchor is tight for all anchor poles, the arch floor of building stones groove is dismantled, observation building stones are after anchor rod anchored
Situation, if building stones not exclusively drop, and be in continuous arch, then Success in Experiment, the arching of system anchor bolt are verified.
Advantages of the present invention is with beneficial effect：
When needing to carry out underground chamber system anchor bolt arching, building stones are put under conditions of anchor pole is not installed first
To inside building stones groove, arch floor is then removed, observes the situation that drops of building stones.
Then, building stones are put into inside building stones groove in the case where installing anchor pole, and anchor pole nut and pad is entered
Row anchor is tight, then removes arch floor, observes the situation that drops of building stones.
The then surface success of the test if the building stones after anchor pole has been installed additional do not have to cave in, it was demonstrated that system anchor bolt
Arching.
The advantages of this patent is that device simple structure, simple operation, experiment teaching effect are good, being capable of intuitively display systems
The arching of anchor pole, it is easy to understanding and grasp of the student to construction course teaching corresponding theory knowledge.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the left view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the front view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the top view of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the fan-shaped lateral plate structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the arch floor structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the support connecting-piece structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the connecting-piece structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the anchor structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the fundamental diagram of the present invention.
In figure：Anchor pole 1, fan-shaped side plate 2, side plate 3, support connector 4, support post 5, connector 6, cross bar 7, arch-shaped bottom
Plate 8, building stones 9, pad 101, nut 102, external screw thread 103, outside scallop 201, inner side scallop 202, inclined support panel
401st, horizontal supporting plate 402, upper junction plate 601, stud 602, fixing nut 603, lower connecting plate 604, circular opening
801。
A：Continuous compression zone, B：Supporting pad section.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1：
As Figure 1-10 shows, underground chamber system anchor bolt arching experimental provision, it includes four support posts 5 and cross bar
7 supports formed, the top of support post 5 of support is by supporting connector 4 to be installed with side plate 3, and two blocks of side plates 3 are in symmetrical
Installation, arch floor 8 are fixedly mounted on the bottom of two blocks of side plates 3 by connector 6, and two blocks of fan-shaped side plates 2 are fixedly mounted on side
The opening of plate 3 and arch floor 8, and keystone hopper is formed, anchor pole 1 is arranged on arch floor 8, the arch floor 8
Using being detachably connected.
Further, be advantageous to tear arch floor open during follow-up test by using detachable connection
Remove, and then facilitate test operation.
Further, described connector 6 shares three pairs, in being symmetrically installed, so as to improve side plate 3 and arch floor 8
Between bonding strength.Detachable connection wherein between arch floor 8 and side plate 3 can also be entered by the way of hinge
Row connection, wherein side, which is adopted, is connected with hinge, and opposite side is connected using latch, is more convenient for the dismounting of arch floor 8.
Further, the arch floor 8 uses arcuate structure, and it is equidistant that multirow, multiple row are machined with arch floor 8
The circular opening 801 of arrangement.By using arcuate structure, it is easy to simulate arch underground chamber structure, and then complete experiment.
Further, the fan-shaped side plate 2 includes outside scallop 201 and inner side scallop 202, the radius energy of scallop
It is enough to be processed according to test requirements document.
Further, the support connector 4 includes horizontal supporting plate 402 and inclined support panel 401, horizontal supporting plate
402 are welded with inclined support panel 401, and inclined support panel 401 is engaged with the outside of side plate 3, horizontal supporting plate 402 and branch
The top surface of support column 5 is engaged.
Further, the connector 6 includes upper junction plate 601 and lower connecting plate 604, upper junction plate 601 and lower connection
Plate 604 is welded, and arch floor 8 is engaged with lower connecting plate 604, and stud 602, double end spiral shell are provided with upper junction plate 601
The both ends of bolt 602 are provided with fixing nut 603, and upper junction plate 601 is solid by stud 602 and fixing nut 603 and side plate 3
It is fixed to be connected.
Further, the structure of described connector 6 is not limited to above-mentioned structure, can also use other connection sides
Formula, such as can be attached using hinge.
Further, the anchor pole 1 is made of the screwed metal bar in both ends, passes through screw thread on external screw thread 103
Nut 102 is connected with, pad 101 is fixed on the end of anchor pole 1 by nut 102.
Further, a diameter of 0.5cm of the anchor pole 1, joint length 40cm, the pad 101 it is a diameter of
4cm, the quantity of the anchor pole is 40.
Further, the quantity of the anchor pole can need reasonably to be set according to experiment.
Further, the nut 102 uses wing nut, and the diameter of nut 102 is less than the diameter of circular opening 801.
Embodiment 2：
The method that underground chamber system anchor bolt arching experimental provision is tested, it comprises the following steps：
1st, fan-shaped side plate 2, side plate 3 and arch floor 8 are first subjected to assembly and connection, and the building stones groove formed is arranged on
On support post 5, under conditions of being not provided with anchor pole in building stones groove, the building stones 9 that particle diameter is 40 ~ 60mm are put into building stones groove,
Then the arch floor 8 of building stones groove of the dismounting equipped with building stones 9, the situation of the complete slump of building stones is observed.
2nd, arch floor 8 is installed again, then pad will be fixed by nut 102 on the external screw thread 103 of the bottom of anchor pole 1
Piece 101, and the anchor pole 1 after being completed is arranged on the circular opening 801 of arch floor 8.
3rd, the building stones 9 that particle diameter is 40 ~ 60mm are reloaded in building stones groove, ensures anchor pole position without excessive variation.
4th, after building stones 9 fill building stones groove, pad is set with the top of anchor pole 1, then pad is compressed into building stones 9 with nut, is entered
And building stones 9 are provided with enough anchor forces, the wing nut on the external screw thread of all anchor poles 1 at the top of knob anchor pole, padding
In the presence of piece building stones are applied with enough anchor forces, it is tight that all anchor poles 1 all are carried out into anchor using above-mentioned fastening means.
5th, after all anchor is tight for all anchor poles 1, the arch floor 8 of building stones groove is dismantled, observation building stones 9 anchor in anchor pole 1
Situation afterwards, if building stones 9 not exclusively drop, and it is in continuous arch, then Success in Experiment, the arching of system anchor bolt are tested
Card.
The present invention operation principle be：
Referring to Figure 10, after combined bolting and shotcrete is carried out in underground chamber, massif formation in cavern top is with system anchor bolt head and tightly
Fixed end is the bullet compressional zone on summit.If by anchor pole along the arranged radially at a certain distance of arched tunnel periphery, in anchor force
Under effect, the bullet compressional zone that is formed around every anchor pole is overlapped each other connection, and continuous compression zone A is formed in country rock.
It can not only keep the stabilization of itself, and can bear top pressure from surrounding rock, prevent loosening and the development of deformation of top country rock.It is aobvious
So, it is to form the premise for reinforcing arch to apply fastening force to fragmented rock body by anchor pole.In this invention, the upper and lower ends of anchor pole are all
Fastening force is formed to building stones using pad plus nut, and the building stones groove of experimental provision is an arch, is enclosed with cavern's crown
Rock form is similar, is easy to carry out the displaying of system anchor bolt arching principle.
Above-described embodiment is used for illustrating the present invention, rather than limits the invention, the present invention spirit and
In scope of the claims, to any modifications and changes of the invention made, protection scope of the present invention is both fallen within.
Claims (6)
1. using the test method of underground chamber system anchor bolt arching experimental provision, it is characterised in that it comprises the following steps：
1）First by fan-shaped side plate（2）, side plate（3）And arch floor（8）Assembly and connection is carried out, and the building stones groove installation formed
In support post（5）On, under conditions of being not provided with anchor pole in building stones groove, by the building stones that particle diameter is 40 ~ 60mm（9）Put into building stones
In groove, then dismounting is equipped with building stones（9）Building stones groove arch floor（8）, the situation of the observation complete slump of building stones；
2）Arch floor is installed again（8）, then by anchor pole（1）The external screw thread of bottom（103）On pass through nut（102）It is fixed
Good pad（101）, and by the anchor pole after being completed（1）Installed in arch floor（8）Circular opening（801）On；
3）By the building stones that particle diameter is 40 ~ 60mm（9）Reload in building stones groove, ensure anchor pole position without excessive variation；
4）Work as building stones（9）After filling building stones groove, in anchor pole（1）Top is set with pad, then pad is compressed into building stones with nut（9）,
And then to building stones（9）Enough anchor forces, all anchor poles are provided（1）External screw thread on butterfly spiral shell at the top of knob anchor pole
Mother, in the presence of pad building stones are applied with enough anchor forces, by all anchor poles（1）All entered using above-mentioned fastening means
Row anchor is tight；
5）When all anchor poles（1）All anchor it is tight after, dismantle building stones groove arch floor（8）, observe building stones（9）In anchor pole（1）
Situation after anchoring, if building stones（9）Not exclusively drop, and be in continuous arch, then Success in Experiment, the arching of system anchor bolt
It is verified；
The experimental provision includes four support posts（5）And cross bar（7）The support of composition, the support post of support（5）Top
By supporting connector（4）It is installed with side plate（3）, two blocks of side plates（3）In being symmetrically installed, arch floor（8）Pass through connection
Part（6）It is fixedly mounted on two blocks of side plates（3）Bottom, two blocks of fan-shaped side plates（2）It is fixedly mounted on side plate（3）And arch floor
（8）Opening, and form keystone hopper, anchor pole（1）Installed in arch floor（8）On, the arch floor（8）Using can
Dismantling connection；
The arch floor（8）Using arcuate structure, in arch floor（8）On be machined with multirow, the circle that multiple row is equally spaced
Shape hole（801）；
The fan-shaped side plate（2）Including outside scallop（201）With inner side scallop（202）, the radius of scallop being capable of basis
Test requirements document is processed.
2. the test method according to claim 1 using underground chamber system anchor bolt arching experimental provision, its feature
It is：The support connector（4）Including horizontal supporting plate（402）And inclined support panel（401）, horizontal supporting plate（402）With
Inclined support panel（401）It is welded, inclined support panel（401）With side plate（3）Outside be engaged, horizontal supporting plate（402）
With support post（5）Top surface be engaged.
3. the test method according to claim 1 using underground chamber system anchor bolt arching experimental provision, its feature
It is：The connector（6）Including upper junction plate（601）And lower connecting plate（604）, upper junction plate（601）And lower connecting plate
（604）Welding, arch floor（8）With lower connecting plate（604）It is engaged, upper junction plate（601）On stud is installed
（602）, stud（602）Both ends fixing nut is installed（603）, upper junction plate（601）Pass through stud（602）With
Fixing nut（603）With side plate（3）It is fixedly linked.
4. the test method according to claim 1 using underground chamber system anchor bolt arching experimental provision, its feature
It is：The anchor pole（1）It is made of the screwed metal bar in both ends, in external screw thread（103）It is upper to be connected by screw thread
There is nut（102）, pad（101）Pass through nut（102）It is fixed on anchor pole（1）End.
5. the test method according to claim 1 using underground chamber system anchor bolt arching experimental provision, its feature
It is：The anchor pole（1）A diameter of 0.5cm, joint length 40cm, the pad（101）A diameter of 4cm, the anchor
The quantity of bar is 40.
6. the test method according to claim 4 using underground chamber system anchor bolt arching experimental provision, its feature
It is：The nut（102）Using wing nut, nut（102）Diameter be less than circular opening（801）Diameter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510697574.3A CN105206160B (en) | 2015-10-26 | 2015-10-26 | Underground chamber system anchor bolt arching experimental provision and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510697574.3A CN105206160B (en) | 2015-10-26 | 2015-10-26 | Underground chamber system anchor bolt arching experimental provision and method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105206160A CN105206160A (en) | 2015-12-30 |
| CN105206160B true CN105206160B (en) | 2017-11-10 |
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ID=54953799
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510697574.3A Active CN105206160B (en) | 2015-10-26 | 2015-10-26 | Underground chamber system anchor bolt arching experimental provision and method |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110715816A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-21 | 青岛本末岩控技术有限公司 | Combined arch mechanism verification test device and method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5226734A (en) * | 1975-08-26 | 1977-02-28 | Kubota Ltd | Supporting holding portion material of assembly system supporting holding work that lock bolt is used at the same time |
| US4052860A (en) * | 1974-12-09 | 1977-10-11 | Environmental Engineering Dr. Ing. Alterman Ltd. | Construction of underground tunnels and rock chambers |
| CN201773011U (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2011-03-23 | 三一重型装备有限公司 | Test bed for digging, anchoring and protection all-in-one machine |
| CN102261256A (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2011-11-30 | 山东大学 | Positioning device and method for system anchor rod application during underground engineering model test |
| CN103644887A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2014-03-19 | 中国矿业大学 | A method for manufacturing a simulation tunnel deformation experiment model |
-
2015
- 2015-10-26 CN CN201510697574.3A patent/CN105206160B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4052860A (en) * | 1974-12-09 | 1977-10-11 | Environmental Engineering Dr. Ing. Alterman Ltd. | Construction of underground tunnels and rock chambers |
| JPS5226734A (en) * | 1975-08-26 | 1977-02-28 | Kubota Ltd | Supporting holding portion material of assembly system supporting holding work that lock bolt is used at the same time |
| CN201773011U (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2011-03-23 | 三一重型装备有限公司 | Test bed for digging, anchoring and protection all-in-one machine |
| CN102261256A (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2011-11-30 | 山东大学 | Positioning device and method for system anchor rod application during underground engineering model test |
| CN103644887A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2014-03-19 | 中国矿业大学 | A method for manufacturing a simulation tunnel deformation experiment model |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105206160A (en) | 2015-12-30 |
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