CN105203588A - Method for evaluating heat protection level of protective fabric and protective clothes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for evaluating the heat protection level of protective fabric and protective clothes. The method for evaluating the heat protection level of the protective fabric includes the steps that the protective fabric is placed on a fabric heat protection performance tester, the front face of the fabric faces a simulated heat source, and the back face of the fabric is provided with a copper sheet heat flow meter used for recording the temperature of the back face of the fabric; the copper sheet heat flow meter on the back face of the fabric collects data of a heat exposure period t10 and data of a cooling period t20 after heat exposure; heat absorbed by the copper sheet heat flow meter within the whole data collection period of time t10+t20 is calculated; heat needed by a second-degree skin burn is predicted according to the Stoll burn rule; the heat absorbed by the copper sheet heat flow meter is compared with the heat needed by the second-degree skin burn and predicted according to the Stoll burn rule, the maximum decay factor of the second-degree skin burn is calculated, and the average value of three times of testing is taken to judge the heat protection level of the protective fabric. Uniform indexes are adopted for evaluating the heat protection level of the fabric and the clothes.

Description

The evaluation method of a kind of armored fabric and protective clothes thermal protection level

Technical field

The present invention relates to the evaluation method of a kind of armored fabric and protective clothes thermal protection level, belong to thermal protection security technology area.

Background technology

ISO17492 defines the method for testing of Thermal Protective Fabric thermal protective performance, and this method weighs the thermal protective performance of fabric by the heat flow meter simulated skin time reached required for second degree burns under utilization tissue layer.Except small-scale fabric aspect evaluation method, ISO13506 defines the combustion dummy man system method of testing for evaluating protective clothes overall thermal barrier propterty, the method utilize the sensor die under clothing floor to draw up two degree and third-degree burn position that skin may be subject to, and calculate burn surface area number percent.The evaluation method of fabric aspect is simple to operate, cost is lower; Combustion dummy man system test is then comparatively complicated, and cost is higher, but but more fully can evaluate the thermal protective performance of clothes integral, can the material formation of quantitative test clothes, processing technology, structural design and the factor such as size and clothing assembly on the impact of thermal protective performance.

Although above-mentioned two kinds of methods all have critical role in thermal protection evaluation, two kinds of methods all have certain limitation.First, when heat exposure time is set to fixed value, TPP test effectively may not distinguish the thermal protective performance of fabric.But in actual use, the heat exposure time of clothes is variable, and the heat exposure time of combustion dummy man test macro also can set, but fabric need continue to be exposed to simulation thermal source (84kW/m in TPP test ²) heat flow meter under tissue layer simulates till skin reaches second degree burns, the evaluation index of the method is the time (s) that skin reaches second degree burns.If researcher finds the heat exposure time in TPP test to be set to a certain fixed value (testing identical with combustion dummy man), finally can only judge whether skin reaches second degree burns, if the skin under all tissue layer all reaches/do not reach second degree burns, be then difficult to the thermal protective performance height differentiating them.Secondly, the thermal protection level height of clothes local is divided in the more difficult effective area of result of combustion dummy man system test.It is 84kW/m that dummy after dressing is exposed to thermoflux by combustion dummy man system test ²simulation thermal source in, but final test result is skin reaches position and the skin burn area percentage of burn.Combustion dummy man body is distributed with up to a hundred sensors usually, only by the localized heat protection level without burn, first-degree burn, second degree burns and three grades of more difficult effective differentiation clothes of this several discrete grading index of burn.In addition, it is different that TPP test and combustion dummy man test the burning evaluation method used, and this causes certain difficulty to results contrast between the two.TPP test adopts Stoll second degree burns criterion to evaluate burn, and combustion dummy man test macro then uses Henriques skin burn integral model, and two kinds of different burning evaluation methods may make a difference to test result.In sum, TPP test and combustion dummy man test due to test process, the evaluation index of employing different with burning evaluation method, therefore the test result of fabric aspect usually can not directly and the test result of clothes aspect compare.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide the evaluation method of a kind of armored fabric and protective clothes thermal protection level.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of evaluation method of armored fabric thermal protection level, adopt fabric thermal protective performance (TPP) tester, this tester meets ISO17492, it is characterized in that, concrete steps comprise:

The first step: experiment start before, according to testing standard ISO17492, Thermal Protective Fabric is placed on fabric thermal protective performance tester, fabric just facing to simulation thermal source, the back side of fabric is provided with copper sheet heat flow meter for recording the temperature of envers;

Second step: when experiment starts, under Thermal Protective Fabric being exposed to simulation thermal source, the heat exposure time of fabric is set to fixed value t ₁₀, unit is s, and the data of copper sheet heat flow meter to the beat exposure stage of envers gather;

3rd step: the cooling stage after fabric beat exposure terminates, the copper sheet heat flow meter of envers still needs to continue to gather data, and make the heat storage in fabric be released into copper sheet heat flow meter, the data acquisition time of cooling stage is set to t ₂₀, unit is s;

4th step: calculate whole data acquisition time section t ₁₀+ t ₂₀in, the heat that copper sheet heat flow meter absorbs:

$Q\left(t\right)=\frac{M\·C\·(T_f-T_i)}{A}$

Wherein, the heat that Q (t) absorbs for t copper sheet heat flow meter, unit is kJ/m ²; M is the quality of copper sheet heat flow meter, and unit is g; C is the thermal capacitance of copper sheet heat flow meter, and unit is kJ/g DEG C; A is the surface area of copper sheet heat flow meter, and unit is m ²; T _ifor the initial temperature of copper sheet heat flow meter, unit is DEG C; T _ffor the temperature of t copper sheet heat flow meter, unit is DEG C; (above-mentioned formula have ignored radiation on copper sheet heat flow meter and heat loss through convection)

5th step: to burn criterion according to Stoll, heat required when prediction skin reaches second degree burns:

S(t)＝50.204×t ^0.2901

Wherein, the skin that S (t) predicts for criterion of burning according to Stoll reaches second degree burns institute heat requirement, and unit is kJ/m ²; T starts rear the experienced time for beat exposure, and unit is s;

6th step: reach second degree burns institute heat requirement S (t) compare according to burn skin that criterion predicts of Stoll in heat Q (t) that copper sheet heat flow meter in described 4th step is absorbed and described 5th step, calculate the maximal value of Q (t) and S (t) ratio, this maximal value called after second degree burns maximum attenuation factor (maximumattenuationfactor (MAF) tosecond-degreeburninjury):

$MAF=\max \[\frac{Q\left(t\right)}{S\left(t\right)}\]$

Wherein, MAF is the second degree burns maximum attenuation factor, is characteristic; The heat that Q (t) absorbs for the t copper sheet heat flow meter calculated in described 4th step, unit is kJ/m ²; S (t) is for reaching second degree burns institute heat requirement according to the skin of Stoll burn criterion prediction in described 5th step, and unit is kJ/m ²;

7th step: repeat 2 times according to the first step to the MAF value of the 6th step to fabric to be measured and measure, get the mean value of the MAF of three tests

8th step: according to size, judge the thermal protection level of Thermal Protective Fabric, fabric larger, the thermal protection level of fabric is poorer.

Preferably, the thermoflux of the simulation thermal source in described second step is 84kw/m ².

Preferably, the 8th described step also comprises: the grade of thermal protection level is divided into 1 grade, 2 grades and 3 grades:

When time, predict in whole experimentation the skin that covers by fabric can not reach second degree burns, the thermal protection level of fabric is better, is 1 grade of thermal protection level;

When time, predict the skin that covers by fabric just can reach second degree burns, the thermal protection level of fabric is general, is 2 grades of thermal protection levels;

When time, predict the skin that covers by fabric can reach second degree burns, the thermal protection level of fabric is poor, is 3 grades of thermal protection levels;

In the thermal protection level of same rank, larger, the thermal protection level of fabric is better.

Present invention also offers a kind of evaluation method of protective clothes thermal protection level, adopt the combustion dummy man test macro of test clothes integral thermal protective performance, this system meets ISO13506, it is characterized in that, comprising:

The first step: before experiment starts, according to testing standard ISO13506, thermal protection clothes are worn on dummy model, dummy has n heat flow meter, the heat flow density that the dummy's body surface for gathering the clothes back side absorbs in surface, wherein, n is the quantity of dummy's body surface heat flow meter, and n is integer, n >=100;

Second step: when experiment starts, under thermal protection clothes being exposed to simulation thermal source, the heat exposure time of clothes is set as t ₁, unit is s, and the data of heat flow meter to the beat exposure stage on dummy surface gather;

3rd step: the cooling stage after clothes beat exposure terminates, the heat flow meter on dummy surface still needs to continue to gather data, and make the heat storage in clothes be released into heat flow meter, the data acquisition time of clothes cooling stage is set as t ₂, unit is s;

4th step: calculate whole data acquisition time section t ₁+ t ₂in, the heat that each sensor in dummy surface absorbs:

$Q_i\left(t\right)=\underset{0}{\overset{t_1+t_2}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{q}_i\left(t\right)\·\mathrm{\Δ}t$

Wherein, Q _ithe heat that t i-th heat flow meter that () is t dummy surface absorbs, unit is kJ/m ²; q _it heat flow density that () absorbs for i-th heat flow meter in dummy surface, unit is kW/m ²; Δ t is data acquisition time step-length, and unit is s, i is integer, n>=i>=1;

5th step: to burn criterion according to Stoll, heat required when prediction skin reaches second degree burns:

S(t)＝50.204×t ^0.2901

Wherein, S (t) reaches second degree burns institute heat requirement for the skin predicted according to Stoll criterion, and unit is kJ/m ²; T starts rear the experienced time for beat exposure, and unit is s;

6th step: the heat Q that i-th heat flow meter in dummy surface in described 4th step is absorbed _it the skin predicted according to Stoll criterion in () and described 5th step reaches second degree burns institute heat requirement S (t) and compares, calculate Q _ithe maximal value of (t) and S (t) ratio, this maximal value is the second degree burns maximum attenuation factors (maximumattenuationfactor (MAF) tosecond-degreeburninjury) of clothes local:

${\mathrm{MAF}}_i=max\[\frac{Q_i\left(t\right)}{S\left(t\right)}\]$

Wherein, MAF _icorresponding to i-th heat flow meter in dummy surface, the clothes Localized second burn maximum attenuation factor at position, is characteristic; Q _it heat that () absorbs for i-th heat flow meter in dummy surface in described 4th step, unit is kJ/m ²; S (t) is for reaching second degree burns institute heat requirement according to the skin of Stoll criterion prediction in described 5th step, and unit is kJ/m ²;

7th step: the second degree burns maximum attenuation factor OMAF calculating clothes integral:

$OMAF=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{\mathrm{MAF}}_i\·\frac{A_i}{A}$

Wherein, MAF _ifor the Localized second burn maximum attenuation factor of clothes, it is characteristic; A _ifor the dummy's body surface area representated by i-th heat flow meter, unit is m ²; A is dummy's body surface total area, and unit is m ²; N is the quantity of dummy's body surface heat flow meter;

8th step: repeat 2 times according to the first step to the OMAF value of the 7th step to often kind of clothes and measure, get the mean value of the OMAF of three tests

9th step: according to MAF _ithe size of value, judges the clothes localized heat protection level at position corresponding to heat flow meter, MAF _ibe worth larger, clothes localized heat protection level is poorer; According to size judge the thermal protection level of clothes integral, larger, the thermal protection level of clothes integral is poorer.

Preferably, the thermoflux of the simulation thermal source in described second step is 84kw/m ².

Preferably, the 9th described step also comprises: the grade of thermal protection level is divided into 1 grade, 2 grades and 3 grades:

When time, generally speaking, predict in whole experimentation the skin that covers by clothes can not reach second degree burns on the whole, the thermal protection level of clothes is better, is 1 grade of thermal protection level;

When time, generally speaking, predict the skin that covers by clothes just can reach second degree burns, the thermal protection level of clothes is general, is 2 grades of thermal protection levels;

When time, generally speaking, predict the skin that covers by clothes can reach second degree burns, the thermal protection level of clothes is poor, is 3 grades of thermal protection levels;

In the thermal protection level of same rank, larger, the thermal protection level of clothes is better.

Present invention also offers the integrated evaluating method of a kind of armored fabric and protective clothes thermal protection level, it is characterized in that, comprising:

The first step: adopt the thermal protection level of evaluation method to armored fabric of above-mentioned armored fabric thermal protection level to evaluate;

Second step: adopt the thermal protection level of evaluation method to protective clothes of above-mentioned protective clothes thermal protection level to evaluate.

Preferably, the heat exposure time t of clothes in described second step ₁with the heat exposure time t of fabric ₁₀identical, the data acquisition time t of clothes cooling stage ₂with the data acquisition time t in fabric cools down stage ₂₀identical.

The invention provides a kind of method evaluating thermal protection level, the method was both applicable to Thermal Protective Fabric, was equally also applicable to thermal protection clothes, and owing to have employed unified index, the test result of fabric aspect kimonos dress aspect can directly compare.In addition, the method also overcomes some defects in standard testing, not only can be used for the thermal protection level evaluating heat exposure time fabric when being fixed value, and effectively can distinguish the thermal protection level of clothes local.

Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:

1) the thermal protection level of the present invention can be used for evaluating the heat exposure time of fabric when being setting value fabric, this heat exposure time can set as required.

2) in the evaluation of fabric and clothes aspect, not only need to gather the data in fabric/garments beat exposure stage, but also need the data that fabric/garments beat exposure terminates rear cooling stage be gathered, the impact that the heat storage that therefore the method considers fabric/garments is evaluated thermal protective performance.

3) can be used for the thermal protection level evaluating clothes integral, effectively can distinguish the thermal protection level of clothes local.The harness of fabric kimonos can be set and have identical heat exposure time and cool time, unify the test procedure of fabric and clothes; And adopt the thermal protection level of unified index to fabric and clothes integral to evaluate, therefore the test result of fabric aspect kimonos dress aspect can directly compare.

Accompanying drawing explanation

The computing method schematic diagram of Fig. 1 MAF index.Curve 1 is Q (t) result of calculation, and curve 2 is S (t) result of calculation.

The contrast of Fig. 2 iso standard test result and clothes local MAF distribution plan.

The graph of a relation of Fig. 3 fabric and clothes thermal protection horizontal checkout result.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, set forth the present invention further.Should be understood that these embodiments are only not used in for illustration of the present invention to limit the scope of the invention.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally after the content of having read the present invention's instruction.

Embodiment 1

The thermal protection level of fabric shown in his-and-hers watches 1 of the present invention is utilized to evaluate.The heat exposure time of fabric is set as 4s, and the cooling stage data acquisition time after beat exposure terminates is set as 60s.The thermal protection horizontal checkout of fabric adopts general fabric thermal protective performance tester, and this system meets ISO17492, utilizes copper sheet heat flow meter to carry out data acquisition to the temperature of envers.

The key property of fabric tested by table 1.

CF is conductive fiber; PSA is polysulfonamide fibre; FR is fire-retardant.

The evaluation method of described armored fabric thermal protection level is:

The first step: experiment start before, according to testing standard ISO17492, Thermal Protective Fabric is placed on fabric thermal protective performance tester, fabric just facing to simulation thermal source, the back side of fabric is provided with copper sheet heat flow meter for recording the temperature of envers;

Second step: when experiment starts, (thermoflux is 84kw/m Thermal Protective Fabric to be exposed to simulation thermal source ²) under, the heat exposure time of fabric is set to fixed value t ₁₀=4s, the data of copper sheet heat flow meter to the beat exposure stage of envers gather;

3rd step: the cooling stage after fabric beat exposure terminates, the copper sheet heat flow meter of envers still needs to continue to gather data, and make the heat storage in fabric be released into copper sheet heat flow meter, the data acquisition time of cooling stage is set to t ₂₀=60s;

4th step: calculate whole data acquisition time section t ₁₀+ t ₂₀in=64s, the heat that copper sheet heat flow meter absorbs:

$Q\left(t\right)=\frac{M\·C\·(T_f-T_i)}{A}$

Wherein, the heat that Q (t) absorbs for t copper sheet heat flow meter, unit is kJ/m ²; M is the quality of copper sheet heat flow meter, and unit is g; C is the thermal capacitance of copper sheet heat flow meter, and unit is kJ/g DEG C; A is the surface area of copper sheet heat flow meter, and unit is m ²; T _ifor the initial temperature of copper sheet heat flow meter, unit is DEG C; T _ffor the temperature of t copper sheet heat flow meter, unit is DEG C; (above-mentioned formula have ignored radiation on copper sheet heat flow meter and heat loss through convection);

5th step: to burn criterion according to Stoll, heat required when prediction skin reaches second degree burns:

S(t)＝50.204×t ^0.2901

Wherein, the skin that S (t) predicts for criterion of burning according to Stoll reaches second degree burns institute heat requirement, and unit is kJ/m ²; T starts rear the experienced time for beat exposure, and unit is s;

6th step: reach second degree burns institute heat requirement S (t) compare according to burn skin that criterion predicts of Stoll in heat Q (t) that copper sheet heat flow meter in described 4th step is absorbed and described 5th step, calculate the maximal value of Q (t) and S (t) ratio, this maximal value called after second degree burns maximum attenuation factor (maximumattenuationfactor (MAF) tosecond-degreeburninjury):

$MAF=max\[\frac{Q\left(t\right)}{S\left(t\right)}\]$

Wherein, MAF is the second degree burns maximum attenuation factor, is characteristic; The heat that Q (t) absorbs for the t copper sheet heat flow meter calculated in described 4th step, unit is kJ/m ²; S (t) is for reaching second degree burns institute heat requirement according to the skin of Stoll burn criterion prediction in described 5th step, and unit is kJ/m ²;

7th step: repeat 2 times according to the first step to the MAF value of the 6th step to fabric to be measured and measure, get the mean value of the MAF of three tests

8th step: according to size, judge the thermal protection level of Thermal Protective Fabric, fabric larger, the thermal protection level of fabric is poorer.The grade of thermal protection level is divided into 1 grade, 2 grades and 3 grades:

When time, predict in whole experimentation the skin that covers by fabric can not reach second degree burns, the thermal protection level of fabric is better, is 1 grade of thermal protection level;

When time, predict the skin that covers by fabric just can reach second degree burns, the thermal protection level of fabric is general, is 2 grades of thermal protection levels;

When time, predict the skin that covers by fabric can reach second degree burns, the thermal protection level of fabric is poor, is 3 grades of thermal protection levels;

In the thermal protection level of same rank, larger, the thermal protection level of fabric is better.

The result of calculation example of S (t) and Q (t) as shown in Figure 1, the mean value of the MAF of often kind of fabric three tests standard deviation and the coefficient of variation as shown in table 2.

The mean value of each fabric MAF of table 2 standard deviation and the coefficient of variation

The coefficient of variation of fabric MAF is less than 4% as can be seen from Table 2, illustrates that the present invention is better repeatable in the test result of fabric aspect; 7 kinds of fabrics all be greater than 1.0, illustrate that 7 kinds of tested fabrics are 4s at heat exposure time, when cool time is 60s, the skin of envers all can reach second degree burns, and the thermal protection level that these fabrics can provide is 3 grades.From concrete numerical value can find out, fabric G7's be worth minimum, illustrate that the thermal protection level of this kind of fabric is best; And fabric G5 be worth maximum, so its thermal protection level is the poorest.

Embodiment 2

Utilize the fabric in table 1 to make clothes, the style of all clothes is all identical with size, evaluates the thermal protection level of clothes according to the present invention.Identical with the test procedure of fabric aspect, the heat exposure time of clothes is set as 4s, and the cool time after beat exposure terminates is set as 60s.The test of clothes integral adopts combustion dummy man test macro, this system meets ISO13506,118 of dummy's body surface sensors (because manikin head, hand and pin are not covered by clothes, therefore needing to remove these positions) are utilized to gather the heat flow density of dummy's body surface.

The evaluation method of protective clothes thermal protection level, adopt the combustion dummy man test macro of test clothes integral thermal protective performance, this system meets ISO13506, it is characterized in that, comprising:

The first step: before experiment starts, according to testing standard ISO13506, thermal protection clothes are worn on dummy model, dummy has n=118 heat flow meter, the heat flow density that the dummy's body surface for gathering the clothes back side absorbs in surface;

Second step: when experiment starts, (thermoflux is 84kw/m thermal protection clothes to be exposed to simulation thermal source ²) under, the heat exposure time of clothes is set as t ₁for 4s, the data of heat flow meter to the beat exposure stage on dummy surface gather;

3rd step: the cooling stage after clothes beat exposure terminates, the heat flow meter on dummy surface still needs to continue to gather data, and make the heat storage in clothes be released into heat flow meter, the data acquisition time of clothes cooling stage is set as t ₂for 60s;

4th step: calculate whole data acquisition time section t ₁+ t ₂in=64s, the heat that each sensor in dummy surface absorbs:

$Q_i\left(t\right)=\underset{0}{\overset{t_1+t_2}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{q}_i\left(t\right)\·\mathrm{\Δ}t$

Wherein, Q _ithe heat that t i-th heat flow meter that () is t dummy surface absorbs, unit is kJ/m ²; q _it heat flow density that () absorbs for i-th heat flow meter in dummy surface, unit is kW/m ²; Δ t is data acquisition time step-length, for 0.25s, i are integer, and n>=i>=1;

5th step: to burn criterion according to Stoll, heat required when prediction skin reaches second degree burns:

S(t)＝50.204×t ^0.2901

Wherein, S (t) reaches second degree burns institute heat requirement for the skin predicted according to Stoll criterion, and unit is kJ/m ²; T starts rear the experienced time for beat exposure, and unit is s;

6th step: the heat Q that i-th heat flow meter in dummy surface in described 4th step is absorbed _it the skin predicted according to Stoll criterion in () and described 5th step reaches second degree burns institute heat requirement S (t) and compares, calculate Q _ithe maximal value of (t) and S (t) ratio, this maximal value is the second degree burns maximum attenuation factors (maximumattenuationfactor (MAF) tosecond-degreeburninjury) of clothes local:

${\mathrm{MAF}}_i=\max \[\frac{Q_i\left(t\right)}{S\left(t\right)}\]$

Wherein, MAF _icorresponding to i-th heat flow meter in dummy surface, the clothes Localized second burn maximum attenuation factor at position, is characteristic; Q _it heat that () absorbs for i-th heat flow meter in dummy surface in described 4th step, unit is kJ/m ²; S (t) is for reaching second degree burns institute heat requirement according to the skin of Stoll criterion prediction in described 5th step, and unit is kJ/m ²;

7th step: the second degree burns maximum attenuation factor OMAF calculating clothes integral:

$OMAF=\underset{i=1}{\overset{118}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{MAF}}_i\·\frac{A_i}{A}$

Wherein, MAF _ifor the second degree burns maximum attenuation factor of clothes local, it is characteristic; A _ifor the dummy's body surface area representated by i-th heat flow meter, unit is m ²; A is dummy's body surface total area, and unit is m ², 118 is the quantity of dummy's body surface heat flow meter;

8th step: repeat 2 times according to the first step to the OMAF value of the 7th step to clothes to be measured and measure, get the mean value of the OMAF of three tests

9th step: according to MAF _ithe size of value, judges the clothes localized heat protection level at position corresponding to heat flow meter, MAF _ibe worth larger, clothes localized heat protection level is poorer; According to size judge the thermal protection level of clothes integral, larger, the thermal protection level of clothes integral is poorer.

The grade of thermal protection level is divided into 1 grade, 2 grades and 3 grades:

When time, generally speaking, predict in whole experimentation the skin that covers by clothes can not reach second degree burns, the thermal protection level of clothes is better, is 1 grade of thermal protection level;

When time, generally speaking, predict the skin that covers by clothes just can reach second degree burns, the thermal protection level of clothes is general, is 2 grades of thermal protection levels;

When time, generally speaking, predict the skin that covers by clothes can reach second degree burns, the thermal protection level of clothes is poor, is 3 grades of thermal protection levels;

In the thermal protection level of same rank, larger, thermal protection level is better.

The mean value of the OMAF of often kind of clothes three tests standard deviation and the coefficient of variation as shown in table 3.

The mean value of each clothes OMAF of table 3 standard deviation and the coefficient of variation

The coefficient of variation of clothes OMAF is not more than 4% as can be seen from Table 3, illustrates that the present invention is better repeatable in the test result of clothes aspect; In 7 kinds of clothes, G2, G6 and G7's all be less than 1.0, illustrate that these three kinds of clothes are 4s at heat exposure time, when cool time is 60s, generally speaking, the skin at the clothes back side can not reach second degree burns, and the thermal protection level that these clothes can provide is 1 grade; And other clothes all be greater than 1.0, the thermal protection level that can provide is 3 grades.Contrast thermal protection level is three kinds of clothes of 1 grade can find out, G7's minimum, illustrate that the thermal protection level of this kind of clothes is best, by contrast, the thermal protection level of G6 is slightly poor.

In addition, by calculating the MAF value of clothes local, the thermal protective performance height of clothes local can be judged, as shown in Figure 2.Be the test result of standard ISO 13506 on the left of Fig. 2, right side is method provided by the present invention.As can be seen from Figure 2, standard ISO 13506 only provides without burn, one-level, secondary and three grades of these discrete grades of burn to distinguish the thermal protection level of clothes local.The right leg front of such as dummy, nearly all position all reaches secondary skin burn, according to the standard of ISO, is difficult to the localized heat protection level distinguishing these position clothes further.But MAF value can consecutive variations in method provided by the present invention, the local MAF grading of the position clothes that burn grade is identical also can be distinguished to some extent, the MAF value such as, being very easy to find thigh root and knee in this example is comparatively large, and therefore the thermal protection level of these position clothes is relatively poor.

Embodiment 3

As can be seen from embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, heat exposure time, the cool time of fabric and clothes are all identical, and fabric is also consistent with the evaluation index of clothes thermal protection level, therefore directly can compare the test result of fabric aspect kimonos dress aspect, comparative result as shown in Figure 3.As can be seen from Figure 3, fabric value and clothes the related coefficient of value is 0.85, proves to have stronger correlativity between the two, and in general the thermal protection level of fabric is better, and the thermal protection level of corresponding clothes is also better.

Claims (8)

1. an evaluation method for armored fabric thermal protection level, adopt fabric thermal protective performance tester, this tester meets ISO17492, it is characterized in that, concrete steps comprise:

The first step: experiment start before, according to testing standard ISO17492, Thermal Protective Fabric is placed on fabric thermal protective performance tester, fabric just facing to simulation thermal source, the back side of fabric is provided with copper sheet heat flow meter for recording the temperature of envers;

Second step: when experiment starts, under Thermal Protective Fabric being exposed to simulation thermal source, the heat exposure time of fabric is set to fixed value t ₁₀, unit is s, and the data of copper sheet heat flow meter to the beat exposure stage of envers gather;

3rd step: the cooling stage after fabric beat exposure terminates, the copper sheet heat flow meter of envers still needs to continue to gather data, and make the heat storage in fabric be released into copper sheet heat flow meter, the data acquisition time of cooling stage is set to t ₂₀, unit is s;

4th step: calculate whole data acquisition time section t ₁₀+ t ₂₀in, the heat that copper sheet heat flow meter absorbs:

$Q\left(t\right)=\frac{M\·C\·(T_f-T_i)}{A}$

Wherein, the heat that Q (t) absorbs for t copper sheet heat flow meter, unit is kJ/m ²; M is the quality of copper sheet heat flow meter, and unit is g; C is the thermal capacitance of copper sheet heat flow meter, and unit is kJ/g DEG C; A is the surface area of copper sheet heat flow meter, and unit is m ²; T _ifor the initial temperature of copper sheet heat flow meter, unit is DEG C; T _ffor the temperature of t copper sheet heat flow meter, unit is DEG C;

5th step: to burn criterion according to Stoll, heat required when prediction skin reaches second degree burns:

S(t)＝50.204×t ^0.2901

Wherein, the skin that S (t) predicts for criterion of burning according to Stoll reaches second degree burns institute heat requirement, and unit is kJ/m ²; T starts rear the experienced time for beat exposure, and unit is s;

6th step: reach second degree burns institute heat requirement S (t) compare according to burn skin that criterion predicts of Stoll in heat Q (t) that copper sheet heat flow meter in described 4th step is absorbed and described 5th step, calculate the maximal value of Q (t) and S (t) ratio, this maximal value called after second degree burns maximum attenuation factor:

$MAF=\max \[\frac{Q\left(t\right)}{S\left(t\right)}\]$

Wherein, MAF is the second degree burns maximum attenuation factor, is characteristic; The heat that Q (t) absorbs for the t copper sheet heat flow meter calculated in described 4th step, unit is kJ/m ²; S (t) is for reaching second degree burns institute heat requirement according to the skin of Stoll burn criterion prediction in described 5th step, and unit is kJ/m ²;

7th step: repeat 2 times according to the first step to the MAF value of the 6th step to fabric to be measured and measure, get the mean value of the MAF of three tests

8th step: according to size, judge the thermal protection level of Thermal Protective Fabric, fabric larger, the thermal protection level of fabric is poorer.

2. the evaluation method of armored fabric thermal protection level as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the thermoflux of the simulation thermal source in described second step is 84kw/m ².

3. the evaluation method of armored fabric thermal protection level as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, institute

The 8th step stated also comprises: the grade of thermal protection level is divided into 1 grade, 2 grades and 3 grades:

When time, predict in whole experimentation the skin that covers by fabric can not reach second degree burns, the thermal protection level of fabric is better, is 1 grade of thermal protection level;

When time, predict the skin that covers by fabric just can reach second degree burns, the thermal protection level of fabric is general, is 2 grades of thermal protection levels;

When time, predict the skin that covers by fabric can reach second degree burns, the thermal protection level of fabric is poor, is 3 grades of thermal protection levels;

In the thermal protection level of same rank, larger, the thermal protection level of fabric is better.

4. an evaluation method for protective clothes thermal protection level, adopt the combustion dummy man test macro of test clothes integral thermal protective performance, this system meets ISO13506, it is characterized in that, comprising:

The first step: before experiment starts, according to testing standard ISO13506, thermal protection clothes are worn on dummy model, dummy has n heat flow meter, the heat flow density that the dummy's body surface for gathering the clothes back side absorbs in surface, wherein, n is the quantity of dummy's body surface heat flow meter, and n is integer, n >=100;

Second step: when experiment starts, under thermal protection clothes being exposed to simulation thermal source, the heat exposure time of clothes is set as t ₁, unit is s, and the data of heat flow meter to the beat exposure stage on dummy surface gather;

3rd step: the cooling stage after clothes beat exposure terminates, the heat flow meter on dummy surface still needs to continue to gather data, and make the heat storage in clothes be released into heat flow meter, the data acquisition time of clothes cooling stage is set as t ₂, unit is s;

4th step: calculate whole data acquisition time section t ₁+ t ₂in, the heat that each sensor in dummy surface absorbs:

$Q_i\left(t\right)=\underset{0}{\overset{t_1+t_2}{\Σ}}{q}_i\left(t\right)\·\mathrm{\Δ}t$

Wherein, Q _ithe heat that t i-th heat flow meter that () is t dummy surface absorbs, unit is kJ/m ²; q _it heat flow density that () absorbs for i-th heat flow meter in dummy surface, unit is kW/m ²; Δ t is data acquisition time step-length, and unit is s, i is integer, n>=i>=1;

5th step: to burn criterion according to Stoll, heat required when prediction skin reaches second degree burns:

S(t)＝50.204×t ^0.2901

Wherein, S (t) reaches second degree burns institute heat requirement for the skin predicted according to Stoll criterion, and unit is kJ/m ²; T starts rear the experienced time for beat exposure;

6th step: the heat Q that i-th heat flow meter in dummy surface in described 4th step is absorbed _it the skin predicted according to Stoll criterion in () and described 5th step reaches second degree burns institute heat requirement S (t) and compares, calculate Q _ithe maximal value of (t) and S (t) ratio, this maximal value is the second degree burns maximum attenuation factors of clothes local:

${\mathrm{MAF}}_i=\max \[\frac{Q_i\left(t\right)}{S\left(t\right)}\]$

Wherein, MAF _icorresponding to i-th heat flow meter in dummy surface, the clothes Localized second burn maximum attenuation factor at position, is characteristic; Q _it heat that () absorbs for i-th heat flow meter in dummy surface in described 4th step, unit is kJ/m ²; S (t) is for reaching second degree burns institute heat requirement according to the skin of Stoll criterion prediction in described 5th step, and unit is kJ/m ²;

7th step: the second degree burns maximum attenuation factor OMAF calculating clothes integral:

$OMAF=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{\mathrm{MAF}}_i\·\frac{A_i}{A}$

Wherein, MAF _ifor the second degree burns maximum attenuation factor of clothes local, it is characteristic; A _ifor the dummy's body surface area representated by i-th heat flow meter, unit is m ²; A is that dummy works the total surface area of section, and unit is m ²; N is that dummy works the number of sensors of section;

8th step: repeat 2 times according to the first step to the OMAF value of the 7th step to clothes and measure, gets the mean value of the OMAF of three test gained

9th step: according to MAF _ithe size of value, judges the clothes localized heat protection level at position corresponding to sensor, MAF _ibe worth larger, clothes localized heat protection level is poorer; According to size judge the thermal protection level of clothes integral, larger, the thermal protection level of clothes integral is poorer.

5. the evaluation method of protective clothes thermal protection level as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the thermoflux of the simulation thermal source in described second step is 84kw/m ².

6. the evaluation method of protective clothes thermal protection level as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the 9th described step also comprises: the grade of thermal protection level is divided into 1 grade, 2 grades and 3 grades:

When time, generally speaking, predict in whole experimentation the skin that covers by clothes can not reach second degree burns, the thermal protection level of clothes is better, is 1 grade of thermal protection level;

When time, generally speaking, predict the skin that covers by clothes just can reach second degree burns, the thermal protection level of clothes is general, is 2 grades of thermal protection levels;

When time, generally speaking, predict the skin that covers by clothes can reach second degree burns, the thermal protection level of clothes is poor, is 3 grades of thermal protection levels;

In the thermal protection level of same rank, larger, the thermal protection level of clothes is better.

7. an integrated evaluating method for armored fabric and protective clothes thermal protection level, is characterized in that, comprising:

The first step: adopt the thermal protection level of evaluation method to armored fabric of the armored fabric thermal protection level described in claim 1-3 to evaluate;

Second step: adopt the thermal protection level of evaluation method to protective clothes of the protective clothes thermal protection level described in claim 4-6 to evaluate.

8. the integrated evaluating method of armored fabric as claimed in claim 7 and protective clothes thermal protection level, is characterized in that, the heat exposure time t of clothes in described second step ₁with the heat exposure time t of fabric ₁₀identical, the data acquisition time t of clothes cooling stage ₂with the data acquisition time t in fabric cools down stage ₂₀identical.