CN105201683B - Low-quality engine waste heat recovery device - Google Patents
Low-quality engine waste heat recovery device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105201683B CN105201683B CN201510744648.4A CN201510744648A CN105201683B CN 105201683 B CN105201683 B CN 105201683B CN 201510744648 A CN201510744648 A CN 201510744648A CN 105201683 B CN105201683 B CN 105201683B
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- turbine
- engine
- coolant
- heat recovery
- exhaust
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-quality engine waste heat recovery device. The low-quality engine waste heat recovery device comprises an engine, an exhaust driven supercharger, a coolant, a heat exchanger, a blade-free turbine, a generator, a condenser, a water pump, a flow control valve, a coolant circulation line, a controller, a controllable fan, a compressor, a supercharger turbine, a control line and the like, wherein the blade-free turbine comprises a turbine disk, a turbine shaft, a volute, a gasket, a gland nut, a pedestal bearing and the like. The low-quality engine waste heat recovery device can realize joint recovery and use of coolant waste heat and exhaust waste heat, adopts the blade-free turbine to recover the coolant waste heat, can solve the problem that the exhaust cannot be expanded sufficiently due to the small expansion ratio of the turbine of the conventional waste heat recovery device and improves the engine waste heat recovery efficiency. Meanwhile, the blade-free turbine can realize energy recovery under the small-flow condition and is simple to manufacture, low in maintenance cost and high in reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of low-quality waste-heat recovery device of engine is and in particular to one kind no leaf turbine reclaims engine
The device of waste heat, belongs to engine exhaust heat recovery technology field.
Background technology
The fuel oil calory burning of engine be there are about 30% and is discharged in air with tail gas form, and 30% is dissipated with rubbing and cooling down
The modes such as heat are lost, and only 40% about with Effective power output.It can be seen that, the capacity usage ratio of engine is not high.Therefore, how
It is dynamic power machine and related discipline institute issues that need special attention that limits ground improves engine power utilization ratio.In recent years, send out
Motivation waste heat recovery becomes the study hotspot improving energy utilization efficiency, and content is extensive.In waste gas residual heat recycling side
, mainly there are thermo-electric generation, heating, refrigeration in face, (are increased also known as electric auxiliary turbine using waste gas residual heat work done and hybrid turbine supercharging
Pressure) etc.；Coolant waste heat recovery is mainly warms oneself and freezes.Wherein, be mainly based upon using the research of waste gas residual heat work done bright
Agree circulation thermodynamics device, include organic Rankine bottoming cycle (organic rank cycle, orc), water vapour dilatation circulation with
And kalina circulation etc.；Hybrid turbine supercharging be on exhaust-driven turbo-charger exhaust-gas turbo charger main shaft integrated one can be electronic and can generate electricity
High-speed electric expreess locomotive, when the energy of exhaust gas-driven turbine is more than compressor consumed energy, unnecessary turbine power drives generator to send out
Electricity is simultaneously stored into Storage Unit, and when turbine power is not enough, Storage Unit is powered to motor, and motor-driven supercharger rotor is at a high speed
Rotation is to meet supercharging needs.It can be seen that, turbine is the critical component of waste gas afterheat recovery unit.
In terms of coolant heat recovery, presently mainly cab heating or heating, also do not see that recovery is cold
But fluid residual heat carries out the report of work done.Usually, ECT is 80 DEG C～95 DEG C, during long-time large load operation
110 DEG C～120 DEG C about can be risen to.Generally, this portion of energy winter is in order to warm oneself, summer then directly condensed device have lost,
Other additional energies also will be consumed makes condenser working simultaneously.
Find through consulting data of literatures, the decompressor of nearly all engine exhaust heat retracting device is all selected to be had again
Miscellaneous blade shape have leaf turbine (abbreviation turbine), its advantage is technology maturation, stable performance, and shortcoming is the gas to turbine inlet
Body conditions dictate is harsh, and turbine efficiency is limited by expansion ratio and is difficult to improve.When working medium, in turbine, gas-liquid in expansion working
During two phase region, turbine efficiency is greatly reduced, and is also possible to damage turbo blade simultaneously or even causes major accident.
Find through consulting data of literatures, existing engine exhaust heat retracting device has waste gas residual heat to reclaim, coolant
Waste heat recovery etc., is essentially all that single waste heat is reclaimed, and seldom sees and waste gas residual heat and cooling fluid residual heat are joined
Close the report reclaiming.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to carry out combined recovery to engine exhaust waste heat and cooling fluid residual heat, that is,
There is provided a kind of engine low-quality waste-heat recovery device, it can not only realize the connection of engine cool fluid residual heat and waste gas residual heat
Close and reclaim and utilize, expansion ratio of turbine in existing waste-heat recovery device can also be solved little and make waste gas fully swollen simultaneously
Swollen, the relatively low problem of energy recovery rate.
Technical scheme involved in the present invention is a kind of low-quality waste-heat recovery device of engine.It includes engine, gives up
Air turbine booster, cooling jacket, coolant, heat exchanger, no leaf turbine, generator, condenser, water pump, flow control valve, send out
Motivation air inlet pipe, the exhaust pipe of engine, coolant circulation line, controller, controlled fan etc..It is characterized in that: described start
Machine is the power set of automobile；Described exhaust-driven turbo-charger exhaust-gas turbo charger is connected with having started air inlet and exhaust piper, by compressor, exhaust gas turbine
Deng composition, it is the Studying about Turbocharger of Engine device of prior art；Described cooling jacket is arranged on engine interior, cooling jacket
Interior full of coolant；Described coolant is used for cooling down the hot parts of engine and absorbing heat, under the conditions of being prior art
Engine coolant；Described heat exchanger is board-like or pipe type heat exchanger, and waste gas and coolant carry out heat friendship inside heat exchanger
Change；Described no leaf turbine is energy conversion device, drives the turbine disk, turbine wheel shaft high-speed rotation and work done by coolant, is placed in and changes
After hot device；Described generator is driven by the turbine wheel shaft of no leaf turbine, is the energy conversion elements in apparatus of the present invention, also includes
The energy conversion elements such as hydraulic pump, water pump；Described condenser is placed in no after leaf turbine, is the condensation under the conditions of prior art
Device；Engine cooling water jacket is pumped into, the water pump being used by available engine, including machinery after described pump handle coolant pressurization
Water pump and electronic water pump；Described flow control valve is placed in coolant circulation line, realizes the regulation to coolant rate；Described
The air inlet pipe of engine is connected with the inlet and outlet of exhaust-driven turbo-charger exhaust-gas turbo charger respectively with blast pipe；Described coolant circulation line
For the connecting line of part each in waste-heat recovery device, it is connecting line of the prior art；Described controller is waste heat recovery
The control unit of device, is controlled to flow control valve and controlled fan；Described controlled fan is electronic fan, by controller
Control it according to engine operating condition.
Described no leaf turbine is made up of the turbine disk, turbine wheel shaft, volute, pad, clamp nut and bearing support etc..Wherein,
The described turbine disk is slim disk, which is provided with 1 center hole and 4 centrosymmetric osculums；Described turbine wheel shaft is circle
Cylindricality, is machined with screw thread at 2, thereon in order to install clamp nut；Described volute is shell part, designs in its both sides respectively
There are cooling liquid inlet, two ends to be designed with cooling liquid outlet, and entry shape is contributed to coolant and flowed into tangent line；Described pad is
Hollow discoid, inner and outer diameter corresponds to turbine shaft diameter and the corresponding internal diameter of turbine disk osculum respectively, between the corresponding turbine disk of thickness
Gap；Described clamp nut is tightened on turbine wheel shaft；Described spring bearing is deep groove ball bearing, in order to supports turbine shaft.They
Annexation is: described pad and the turbine disk are respectively set on turbine wheel shaft, are fixed with clamp nut；The turbine disk after fixation
It is installed in volute, and be supported on volute by deep groove ball bearing.Especially, no in leaf turbine the turbine disk number, to send out
The rate of recovery of the low-quality waste-heat recovery device of motivation has a major impact, and should carry out appropriate design.
The positive effect of the present invention and advantage are:
The low-quality waste-heat recovery device of engine proposed by the present invention, has the positive effect that and advantage: (1) engine
After exhaust-driven turbo-charger exhaust-gas turbo charger expansion working, temperature remains above coolant temperature to waste gas, enters heat exchanger afterwards and enters with coolant
Row heat exchange, coolant enters no leaf turbine work done after endothermic temperature raises in heat exchanger and drives electrical power generators, realizes
Waste gas residual heat and the combined recovery of cooling fluid residual heat, improve engine ground energy utilization efficiency；(2) no leaf turbine is to working medium
State is not strict with, it is possible to achieve two-phase flow, and therefore coolant can fully expand in no leaf turbine and realize energy
Amount reclaims and maximizes；(3) engine exhaust waste heat is after turbine expansion work done, again to coolant heat release it is achieved that more than waste gas
The cascade utilization of heat, improves waste heat recovery efficiency；(4) there is leaf turbine with background technology in engine exhaust heat retracting device
Compare, no leaf turbine can realize the energy regenerating under small flow rate, and is simple to manufacture, and maintenance cost is low；(5) with background skill
Engine exhaust waste-heat recovery device in art is compared, and the present invention is not introduced into other working medium, and structure is simple, low cost, reliability
High.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is engine low-quality waste-heat recovery device schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is no leaf turbine vertical section structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is no leaf turbine disc structure schematic diagram.
Each mark meaning in above-mentioned accompanying drawing is as follows:
1. engine；2. exhaust-driven turbo-charger exhaust-gas turbo charger；3. engine cooling water jacket；4. coolant；5. heat exchanger；6. no leaf whirlpool
Wheel；7. generator；8. condenser；9. water pump；10. flow bypass valve；11. engine air inlet tubes；12. exhaust pipes of engine；13.
Coolant circulation line；14 controllers；15. controlled fans；16. compressors；17. charging turbines；18. engine exhausts；19. controls
Circuit processed；20. turbine disks；21. turbine wheel shafts；22. volutes；23. pads；24. clamp nuts；25. spring bearings；26. volutes enter
Mouthful；27. scroll outlet；28. osculums；29. axis holes.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in figure 1, the overall structure diagram for the present invention.The low-quality waste-heat recovery device of engine includes engine
(1), exhaust-driven turbo-charger exhaust-gas turbo charger (2), engine cooling water jacket (3), coolant (4), heat exchanger (5), no leaf turbine (6), generating
Machine (7), condenser (8), water pump (9), flow control valve (10), engine air inlet tube (11), the exhaust pipe of engine (12), cooling
Liquid circulation line (13), controller (14), controlled fan (15), compressor (16), booster turbine (17), waste gas (18), control
Circuit (19) processed etc..
As shown in Fig. 2 the no leaf turbine vertical section structure schematic diagram for the present invention.Including the turbine disk (20), turbine wheel shaft
(21), volute (22), pad (23), clamp nut (24) and bearing support (25), volute inlet (26), scroll outlet (27)
Deng.
As shown in Figure 3.No leaf turbine disc structure schematic diagram for the present invention.Including the turbine disk (20), osculum (28), axle
Hole (29) etc..
As shown in Figure 1.When being embodied as, during engine (1) work, temperature raises and produces waste gas；Waste gas is through blast pipe
(12) enter exhaust-driven turbo-charger exhaust-gas turbo charger (2), after expansion working, escape and enter heat exchanger (5) wherein；Again specifically specifically
Bright it is: waste gas enters booster turbine (17) expansion working through blast pipe (12) and drives compressor (16) to work, compressor
(16) engine (1) burning, the waste gas that turbine (17) is discharged are sent into after entrance supercharging air therein through air inlet pipe (11)
(18) enter heat exchanger (5)；After coolant (4) heat absorption in engine cooling water jacket (3), temperature raises, then by cooling jacket
Flow out and with after the coolant of flow control valve (10) mix entrance heat exchanger (5)；In heat exchanger (5), coolant (4)
Carry out heat exchange with waste gas (18), after the heat of coolant (4) absorption waste gas (18), temperature raises；Coolant (4) after intensification
Cooled liquid circulation line (13) enters no leaf turbine (6), the entrance of no leaf turbine (6) specially designed to improve coolant
(4) entrance velocity；Coolant (4) drives the turbine disk (20) high-speed rotation in no leaf turbine, due to clamp nut (24)
The turbine disk (20) and pad (23) are pressed on turbine wheel shaft (21), and therefore the turbine disk (20) drives turbine wheel shaft (21) high-speed rotation；
Turbine wheel shaft (21) drives generator (7) to work and exports electric energy it is achieved that the recycling of the low-quality waste heat of engine.
For no leaf turbine (6), as shown in Figure 2.When being embodied as, the turbine disk (20) and the compacted nut of pad (23)
(24) it is fixed on turbine wheel shaft (21), collectively constitute turbine rotor and be assemblied in volute (22) inside, by the spring bearing at two ends
It is supported on volute；The coolant (4) being flowed out by heat exchanger flows into no leaf turbine from volute inlet (26) at a high speed with tangential direction,
And drive the turbine disk (20) and turbine wheel shaft (21) high-speed rotation, afterwards by the osculum (28) on the turbine disk through scroll outlet (27)
Flow out into condenser (8).
As shown in Figure 1.When being embodied as, coolant (4) temperature entering condenser (8) is reduced to normal sending out further
Motivation coolant water temperature, is then pumped into the cooling jacket (3) of engine (1) by water pump (9), realizes the cooling to engine (1), complete
Become working cycles.
In order to ensure engine work, waste-heat recovery device is designed with controller (14), flow control valve
(10) and controlled fan (15), according to the operating condition of engine (1), the coolant rate pumping into cooling jacket (3) can be carried out
Adjust.
As shown in Figure 3.When being embodied as, coolant (4) is discharged from osculum (28).
Claims (4)
1. the low-quality waste-heat recovery device of a kind of engine, including engine (1), exhaust-driven turbo-charger exhaust-gas turbo charger (2), engine cool
Water jacket (3), coolant (4), heat exchanger (5), no leaf turbine (6), generator (7), condenser (8), water pump (9), Flow-rate adjustment
Valve (10), engine air inlet tube (11), the exhaust pipe of engine (12), coolant circulation line (13), controller (14), controlled wind
Fan (15), compressor (16), booster turbine (17), waste gas (18), control circuit (19) it is characterised in that: engine (1) is
The power set of automobile；Exhaust-driven turbo-charger exhaust-gas turbo charger (2) is the Studying about Turbocharger of Engine device；Cooling jacket (3) is arranged on and starts
Inside machine, it is filled with coolant (4)；Coolant (4) is used for cooling down the hot parts of engine and absorbing heat；Heat exchanger
(5) it is board-like or pipe type heat exchanger, waste gas and coolant carry out heat exchange inside heat exchanger；No leaf turbine (6) is energy
Conversion equipment, after being placed in heat exchanger (5), is made by coolant (4) the drive turbine disk (20), turbine wheel shaft (21) high-speed rotation
Work(；Generator (7) is driven by the turbine wheel shaft (21) of no leaf turbine (6), for the energy conversion elements in this waste-heat recovery device；Cold
Condenser (8) is placed in no after leaf turbine；Water pump (9) pumps into engine cooling water jacket (3) after coolant (4) pressurization；Flow is adjusted
Section valve (10) is placed in coolant circulation line (13), realizes the regulation to coolant rate；The air inlet pipe (11) of engine and
Blast pipe (12) is connected with the inlet and outlet of exhaust-driven turbo-charger exhaust-gas turbo charger respectively；Coolant circulation line (13) fills for waste heat recovery
The connecting line of each part in putting；Controller (14) is the control unit of waste-heat recovery device, to flow control valve (10) and can
Control fan (15) is controlled；Controlled fan (15) is electronic fan, it is controlled according to engine operating condition by controller；No leaf
Turbine (6) is by the turbine disk (20), turbine wheel shaft (21), volute (22), pad (23), clamp nut (24) and bearing support (25) group
Become, wherein, the turbine disk (20) is slim disk, and turbine wheel shaft (21) is cylinder, and volute (22) is shell part, pad (23)
For hollow discoid, inner and outer diameter corresponding turbine wheel shaft (21) diameter and the corresponding internal diameter of turbine disk osculum (28) respectively, thickness pair
Answer the gap of the turbine disk (20), clamp nut (24) is tightened on turbine wheel shaft (21), spring bearing (25) is deep groove ball bearing, it
Annexation be: the turbine disk (20) and pad (23) are respectively set on turbine wheel shaft (21), solid with clamp nut (24)
Fixed, the turbine disk (20) after fixing is installed in volute (22), and is supported on volute (22) by deep groove ball bearing.
2. the low-quality waste-heat recovery device of engine according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: according to engine (1)
Operating condition, can adjust, by controller (14), flow control valve (10), coolant (4) flow pumping into cooling jacket (3)；Logical
Cross controller (14), the cooling air quantity to condenser (8) for controlled fan (15) regulation, and then adjust through condenser (8) cooling
Coolant (4) temperature afterwards, realizes to coolant (4) flow pumping into cooling jacket (3) and temperature adjustment, to ensure engine
Normal work.
3. the low-quality waste-heat recovery device of engine according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: no whirlpool in leaf turbine (6)
The number of wheel disc (20), can be designed according to engine important technological parameters.
4. the low-quality waste-heat recovery device of engine according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: coolant is in no leaf turbine
(6) internal fully expansion work done, realize energy regenerating.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510744648.4A CN105201683B (en) | 2015-11-05 | 2015-11-05 | Low-quality engine waste heat recovery device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510744648.4A CN105201683B (en) | 2015-11-05 | 2015-11-05 | Low-quality engine waste heat recovery device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105201683A CN105201683A (en) | 2015-12-30 |
| CN105201683B true CN105201683B (en) | 2017-01-25 |
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| CN201510744648.4A Expired - Fee Related CN105201683B (en) | 2015-11-05 | 2015-11-05 | Low-quality engine waste heat recovery device |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106571751B (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2018-04-24 | 江苏大学 | A kind of vehicle exhaust thermo-electric generation system and its cooling means and the method to exhaust flow control |
| CN107917020A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-04-17 | 中国第汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of engine exhaust heat, which recovers energy, utilizes device and its control method |
| CN110131248B (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2020-10-27 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | Cooling and heating device of hydraulic transmission system and hydraulic transmission system |
| CN114583209A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-03 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Hydrogen fuel cell waste heat recovery device and assembly based on Tesla turbine |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56101045A (en) * | 1980-01-11 | 1981-08-13 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Cooling system for internal combustion engine |
| JP2001289120A (en) * | 2000-04-05 | 2001-10-19 | Kunihiro Yamamoto | Generating device and method for automotive engine using cooling water |
| CN101078364A (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2007-11-28 | 靳北彪 | Heat turbine boosting internal and external combustion engine |
| JP5481737B2 (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2014-04-23 | サンデン株式会社 | Waste heat utilization device for internal combustion engine |
| CN202851255U (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2013-04-03 | 陶一伟 | Novel bladeless turbine power generation device |
| CN103742293B (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-05-13 | 天津大学 | Internal combustion engine vapor supercharging waste heat recovery system |
| CN104975947A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-10-14 | 北京理工大学 | Vaneless gas turbine power generation device |
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Granted publication date: 20170125 Termination date: 20171105 |