CN105201256A - Ventilation and smoke discharge device for underground solid garage - Google Patents
Ventilation and smoke discharge device for underground solid garage Download PDFInfo
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- CN105201256A CN105201256A CN201510667400.2A CN201510667400A CN105201256A CN 105201256 A CN105201256 A CN 105201256A CN 201510667400 A CN201510667400 A CN 201510667400A CN 105201256 A CN105201256 A CN 105201256A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a ventilation and smoke discharge device for an underground solid garage, which is characterized in that an annular exhaust duct is arranged around each underground parking layer; the annular exhaust duct is provided with parking exhaust outlets corresponding to underground parking stalls; the annular exhaust ducts of all underground parking layers are communicated with one another through underground garage vertical exhaust ducts, and communicated with ground garage exhaust ducts of the ground garages; the top parts of the ground garages are provided with top exhaust ducts connected with the ground garage exhaust ducts; and top exhaust fans are arranged on the top exhaust ducts. In case of a usual working condition, the problem that air quality in the underground solid garage cannot meet the sanitary requirement can be solved by pumping action of exhaust outlets; and operation efficiency of electric equipment in a garage can be improved by ventilation and heat extraction. In case of an accident condition, the ventilation and smoke discharge device can be used for smoke discharge in fire or after fire, smoke can be quickly removed, loss is reduced, and social and economic benefits are obvious. The ventilation and smoke discharge device dislcosed by the invention is convenient to construct, short in period and applicable to large-scale popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ventilation and exhaust smoke in underground garage class, relate to underground stereo garage parking ventilation and exhaust device specifically, be particularly useful for the large scale of construction, buried type underground stereo garage parking.
Background technology
Along with society, economic development, car is universal in city gradually.According to statistics, there is the automobile quantity in 31 cities in the whole nation more than 1,000,000, and wherein Beijing's automobile is more than 5,000,000.The land resources that relative city is rare, parking space becomes the favorite of car owners' the supreme arrogance of a person with great power.Just because of this, the underground stereo garage parking that can make full use of the underground space arises at the historic moment.
Traditional underground stereo garage parking is by means of only the keying of stopping with carry car panoramic table when picking up the car, realize the ventilation in underground stereo garage parking, because bottom the oil gas taste of vehicle release and underground garage, the pernicious gas that gathers is more, traditional draft type cannot meet hygienic requirements.Patrol and examine and can only bear oxygen supply equipment when to enter garage parking with maintenance personal and enter, not only increase impedimenta, and be not easy to patrol and examine and maintenance.In addition, the not good meeting of ventilation effect causes heat accumulation in underground stereo garage parking, reduces the efficiency of the consumer such as transformer, switch board, if things go on like this, affects service life of equipment.
The breaking out of fire of underground stereo garage parking, conventionally adopts closed gas extinguishing method, but adopt this extinguishing method effectively can not stop the rapid diffusion of high-temperature flue gas, underground parking garage occurs that the risk of overall blast increases.In addition, after calamity, smoke evacuation becomes another difficult problem under accident conditions, and the method for traditional natural smoke evacuation can not guarantee rapid the recoverys use of underground parking garage.Thus, Novel underground parking systems ventilation and exhaust device arises at the historic moment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is according to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, a kind of underground stereo garage parking ventilation and exhaust device is provided, improve the ventilation effect in underground stereo garage parking.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention completes: a kind of underground stereo garage parking ventilation and exhaust device, described underground stereo garage parking comprises ground parking room, underground three-dimensional garage lifting passage and year car panoramic table and the some layers of underground parking layer that match with described underground three-dimensional garage lifting passage, every layer of underground parking layer is provided with multiple undergrounds parking position, it is characterized in that: every layer of underground parking layer periphery is provided with circular row airduct, described circular row airduct is provided with the parking position air outlet corresponding to each underground parking position, be communicated with by the vertical exhaust duct of underground garage between the circular row airduct of described some layers of underground parking layer, and be communicated with the ground parking room exhaust duct being arranged on ground parking room, ground parking roof portion arranges the top exhaust duct be connected with ground parking room exhaust duct, top exhaust duct arranges roof extract unit.
Ground parking roof portion is symmetrically arranged with multiple tops exhaust duct, between the exhaust duct of described multiple tops, communicating passage is set, motor-operated control valve in the middle of roof ventilator is set in the communicating passage of multiple tops exhaust duct, for cutting off or being communicated with described multiple tops exhaust duct.
Exhaust duct side, ground parking roof portion arranges ground parking room air outlet and is connected with ground parking room exhaust duct, and ground parking room air outlet is provided with motor operated valve, and air outlet height is not less than 3/4 of ground parking room clear height.
Waiting area of parking is established in ground parking room, ground parking room exhaust duct arranging motor-operated control valve, realizing the central exhaust in ground parking room by closing this motor-operated control valve.Described motor-operated control valve is arranged on parks in the space of above below the 1m of waiting area terrace.
The vertical exhaust duct net area arranged in underground stereo garage parking is not more than 8m/s according to ventilation speed, and flue gas velocity is not more than 15m/s and chooses.Parking position air outlet net area in underground stereo garage parking on ring-type exhaust duct is according to ventilation velocity 4 ~ 6m/s, and flue gas velocity 8 ~ 10m/s chooses.
For strengthening air draft, smoke discharging effect, the height of the parking position air outlet on circular row airduct is not less than 3/4 of underground parking position clear height.
The bottom in described underground stereo garage parking is also provided with foot passage, arranges air outlet, air outlet arranges insect guard system in the 0.3 ~ 0.6m altitude range of distance foot passage ground, underground stereo garage parking.
The object of the invention is according to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, a kind of underground stereo garage parking ventilation smoke exhaust method is provided, improve the ventilation effect in underground stereo garage parking.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention completes: a kind of underground stereo garage parking ventilation smoke exhaust method, is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: judge operating mode type; If belong to overhaul of the equipments operating mode at ordinary times, Long-distance Control is carried car panoramic table and is entered underground three-dimensional garage lifting passage and stop bottom, open a rain-proof type roof extract unit, keep all parking position air outlets to be in opening with corresponding smoke vent opening motor-operated control valve, underground stereo garage parking carries out mechanical exhaust simultaneously; If belong to plant maintenance state at ordinary times, when the temperature in underground parking garage is more than 36oC, open a rain-proof type roof extract unit, keep all parking position air outlets to be in opening with corresponding smoke vent opening motor-operated control valve simultaneously, underground stereo garage parking carries out mechanical exhaust, reduces the temperature in underground parking garage; When the temperature in underground parking garage is more than 40oC, open another rain-proof type roof extract unit, motor-operated control valve and ground parking room airduct motor-operated control valve in the middle of opening roof blower fan, carry out aeration-cooling simultaneously; If belong to accident fire working, open two roof extract units simultaneously, ground parking room exhaust duct, the vertical exhaust duct of underground garage and circular row airduct keep unimpeded, remote auto controls smoke vent opening motor-operated control valve, realize sensing that the parking position air outlet of flue gas and the parking position air outlet of top thereof are held open state, the parking position air outlet of below keeps closed condition, thus ensures that parking position air outlet is effectively discharged fume, and controls fire and smoke spread to greatest extent; If operating mode after belonging to accident calamity, when accident fire working is selected to adopt closed gas extinguishing method, Long-distance Control is carried car panoramic table and is entered underground three-dimensional garage lifting passage and stop bottom, open a rain-proof type roof extract unit, keep all parking position air outlets to be in opening with corresponding smoke vent opening motor-operated control valve, underground stereo garage parking carries out mechanical exhaust simultaneously, purification inner air, get rid of pernicious gas, until probe display numerical value is all in safe range.
By underground stereo garage parking of the present invention ventilation and exhaust device, improve the ventilation effect in underground stereo garage parking.Operating mode at ordinary times, can solve air quality in underground stereo garage parking by the swabbing action of air outlet and not meet the problem of hygienic requirements; Ventilation heat extraction can improve electric equipment operation efficiency in garage.Accident conditions, for discharging fume during fire or after calamity, can get rid of flue gas rapidly, reducing the loss, have remarkable social and economic benefits.The present invention has the advantages such as easy construction, cycle be short, can large-scale promotion.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 descends parking systems schematic longitudinal section traditionally.
Fig. 2 is Novel underground parking systems schematic longitudinal section.
Fig. 3 is A-A generalized section.
Fig. 4 is B-B generalized section.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention and other correlated characteristic are described in further detail by embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, so that the understanding of technician of the same trade.
As Figure 1-4, label 1-17 represents respectively: rain-proof type roof extract unit 1, ground parking room 2, carry car panoramic table 3, waiting area of parking terrace 4, ground parking room airduct motor-operated control valve 5, car 6, ground parking room exhaust duct 7, motor-operated control valve 8 in the middle of roof ventilator, the vertical exhaust duct 9 of underground garage, underground three-dimensional garage lifting path 10, parking position air outlet 11, smoke vent opening motor-operated control valve 12, underground parking position 13, foot passage 14, access, ground parking room 15, underground parking garage inner structural wall 16, circular row airduct 17, ground parking room air outlet (band motor operated valve) 18.
Descend parking systems longitudinal section traditionally as shown in Figure 1, during by stopping/picking up the car, carry the keying of car panoramic table, realize the ventilation in underground stereo garage parking.When underground parking systems be in non-parking job state or underground parking garage need to carry out maintenance repair safeguard time, rely on tradition ventilation mode, air quality in underground garage cannot be guaranteed, the safety of operation maintenance personnel and the normal operation of electric fixtures are on the hazard, and accident conditions, flue gas cannot be got rid of in time.
Novel underground parking systems longitudinal section, section are as in Figure 2-4.
Ground parking roof portion is symmetrically arranged with two top exhaust ducts, between described two top exhaust ducts, communicating passage is set, motor-operated control valve 8 in the middle of roof ventilator is set in the communicating passage of two top exhaust ducts, for cutting off or being communicated with described two top exhaust ducts, rain-proof type roof extract unit separate unit or two work are realized by middle motor-operated control valve 8, that is, 1) when operating mode needs 2 Fans to run, open motor-operated control valve 8 and be communicated with described two top exhaust ducts; 2) when a wherein roof ventilator infringement, now open motor-operated control valve 8 and be communicated with described two top exhaust ducts, by another roof ventilator ventilation smoke exhaust; 3) when only needing a wherein roof ventilator operation, then closedown motor-operated control valve 8 blocks the communicating passage between described two top exhaust ducts.When in rain-proof type roof extract unit 1 breaks down or roof extract unit needs periodic maintenance, in the middle of closing, motor-operated control valve 8 and ground parking room airduct motor-operated control valve 5, carry out while can realizing underground stereo garage parking ventilation smoke exhaust and roof ventilator repair and maintenance.
Waiting area of parking is established in ground parking room, and ground parking room exhaust duct arranges motor-operated control valve 5, realizes the central exhaust in ground parking room by closing this motor-operated control valve 5.Described motor-operated control valve is arranged on parks in the space of above below the 1m of waiting area terrace.
Ground parking room air outlet (band motor operated valve) 18 is arranged on the side of ground parking room exhaust duct 7, for the ventilation smoke exhaust in ground parking room.When ground parking house is without the need to ventilation smoke exhaust, the motor operated valve on it keeps closed condition.The air outlet (band motor operated valve) 18 of exhaust duct side, ground parking roof portion be arranged on be not less than ground parking room clear height 3/4 space in, operating mode after accident fire/calamity, can realize effective smoke evacuation.Under the 0.6m height of distance foot passage 14 ground, underground stereo garage parking, air outlet is set, object is the pernicious gas that the eliminating proportion be deposited on bottom underground stereo garage parking is greater than air, the consideration that air outlet height is not less than 0.3m is, in engineering practice, there is the risk of seepage ponding in underground stereo garage parking foot passage 14, by setting minimum setting height(from bottom), the air outlet water inlet that may occur can be avoided.
The vertical exhaust duct net area arranged in underground stereo garage parking is not more than 8m/s according to ventilation speed, and flue gas velocity is not more than 15m/s and chooses.Parking position air outlet net area in underground stereo garage parking on ring-type exhaust duct is according to ventilation velocity 4 ~ 6m/s, and flue gas velocity 8 ~ 10m/s chooses.According to engineering practice, the speed of air outlet is within the scope of 4 ~ 6m/s, and exhaust effect is better, and this arranges different from the air outlet wind speed of civilian construction, and for air ambient consideration residing for noise, human body, the air outlet wind speed of civilian construction is generally below 3.5m/s.In the present invention, " flue gas velocity 8 ~ 10m/s chooses " is the effect considering smoke evacuation, if flue gas velocity is too small, bottom flue gas is easily caused to discharge in time, thus rise in a large number under thermal buoyancy effect effect, can cause in high-temperature flue gas uphill process other stop safety, and flue gas accumulates in the top of underground parking garage in a large number, easily causes danger.
Air outlet net area can calculate as follows:
Wherein A is air outlet net area (m
2); Q is actual ventilation (m
3/ s); Q
0for ventilation (m under the status of criterion
3/ s); T is air actual temperature (T); P is air actual pressure (kN/m
2); T
0for temperature (T) under standard air state; P0 is standard air state downforce (kN/m
2); V is for ventilating or flue gas velocity (m/s).The status of criterion is 273K, 1 standard atmospheric pressure.Air actual temperature in the present invention and air actual pressure value all can rule of thumb be chosen according to the meteorological data in the geographical position of reality or consult relevant form and obtain, and do not repeat them here.
Be described below in conjunction with operating mode type.
Overhaul of the equipments operating mode at ordinary times, Long-distance Control is carried car panoramic table 3 and is entered underground three-dimensional garage lifting path 10 and stop bottom, open a rain-proof type roof extract unit 1, keep all parking position air outlets 11 to be in opening with corresponding smoke vent opening motor-operated control valve 12 simultaneously, underground stereo garage parking carries out mechanical exhaust, purification inner air, get rid of pernicious gas, parking position air outlet can set temperature/gas sensor harmful gas detector, device display numerical value to be detected is all within the scope of safety, health, and operation maintenance personnel enters underground parking garage operation.
Plant maintenance state at ordinary times, when the temperature in underground parking garage is more than 36oC, open a rain-proof type roof extract unit 1, keep all parking position air outlets 11 to be in opening with corresponding smoke vent opening motor-operated control valve 12 simultaneously, underground stereo garage parking carries out mechanical exhaust, reduces the temperature in underground parking garage.When the temperature in underground parking garage is more than 40oC, open another rain-proof type roof extract unit, motor-operated control valve 8 and ground parking room airduct motor-operated control valve 5 in the middle of opening roof blower fan, carry out aeration-cooling simultaneously.
Accident fire working, when the gas detector in the parking systems of underground senses flue gas, starts underground stereo garage parking fire fighting system, starts smoke evacuation system simultaneously.Now, open two rain-proof type roof extract units 1 simultaneously, ground parking room exhaust duct 7, the vertical exhaust duct of underground garage 9 and circular row airduct 17 keep unimpeded, remote auto controls smoke vent opening motor-operated control valve 12, realize sensing that the parking position air outlet 11 of flue gas and the parking position air outlet of top thereof are held open state, the parking position air outlet of below keeps closed condition, thus ensures that parking position air outlet is effectively discharged fume, and controls fire and smoke spread to greatest extent.
Operating mode after accident calamity, when accident fire working is selected to adopt closed gas extinguishing method, Long-distance Control is carried car panoramic table 3 and is entered underground three-dimensional garage lifting path 10 and stop bottom, open a rain-proof type roof extract unit 1, keep all parking position air outlets 11 to be in opening with corresponding smoke vent opening motor-operated control valve 12, underground stereo garage parking carries out mechanical exhaust simultaneously, purification inner air, get rid of pernicious gas, until probe display numerical value is all in safe range.
Claims (7)
1. a underground stereo garage parking ventilation and exhaust device, described underground stereo garage parking comprises ground parking room, underground three-dimensional garage lifting passage and year car panoramic table and the some layers of underground parking layer that match with described underground three-dimensional garage lifting passage, every layer of underground parking layer is provided with multiple undergrounds parking position, it is characterized in that: every layer of underground parking layer periphery is provided with circular row airduct, described circular row airduct is provided with the parking position air outlet corresponding to each underground parking position, be communicated with by the vertical exhaust duct of underground garage between the circular row airduct of described some layers of underground parking layer, and be communicated with the ground parking room exhaust duct being arranged on ground parking room, ground parking roof portion arranges the top exhaust duct be connected with ground parking room exhaust duct, top exhaust duct arranges roof extract unit.
2. underground stereo garage parking ventilation and exhaust device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: ground parking roof portion is symmetrically arranged with multiple tops exhaust duct, motor-operated control valve in the middle of roof ventilator is set in exhaust duct centre position, multiple top, exhaust duct side, ground parking roof portion arranges ground parking room air outlet and is connected with ground parking room exhaust duct, ground parking room air outlet is provided with motor operated valve, and air outlet height is not less than 3/4 of ground parking room clear height.
3. underground stereo garage parking ventilation and exhaust device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: distance park waiting area below terrace 1m both sides airduct on all motor-operated control valve is set.
4. underground stereo garage parking ventilation and exhaust device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the vertical exhaust duct net area arranged in underground stereo garage parking is not more than 8m/s according to ventilation speed, flue gas velocity is not more than 15m/s and chooses, parking position air outlet net area in underground stereo garage parking on ring-type exhaust duct is according to ventilation velocity 4 ~ 6m/s, and flue gas velocity 8 ~ 10m/s chooses.
5. underground stereo garage parking ventilation and exhaust device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the height of the parking position air outlet on circular row airduct is not less than 3/4 of underground parking position clear height.
6. underground stereo garage parking ventilation and exhaust device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the 0.3 ~ 0.6m altitude range of distance foot passage ground, underground stereo garage parking, arrange air outlet, air outlet arranges insect guard system.
7. a underground stereo garage parking ventilation smoke exhaust method, is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
Judge operating mode type;
If belong to overhaul of the equipments operating mode at ordinary times, Long-distance Control is carried car panoramic table and is entered underground three-dimensional garage lifting passage and stop bottom, open a rain-proof type roof extract unit, keep all parking position air outlets to be in opening with corresponding smoke vent opening motor-operated control valve, underground stereo garage parking carries out mechanical exhaust simultaneously;
If belong to plant maintenance state at ordinary times, when the temperature in underground parking garage is more than 36oC, open a rain-proof type roof extract unit, keep all parking position air outlets to be in opening with corresponding smoke vent opening motor-operated control valve simultaneously, underground stereo garage parking carries out mechanical exhaust, reduces the temperature in underground parking garage; When the temperature in underground parking garage is more than 40oC, open another rain-proof type roof extract unit, motor-operated control valve and ground parking room airduct motor-operated control valve in the middle of opening roof blower fan, carry out aeration-cooling simultaneously;
If belong to accident fire working, open two roof extract units simultaneously, ground parking room exhaust duct, the vertical exhaust duct of underground garage and circular row airduct keep unimpeded, remote auto controls smoke vent opening motor-operated control valve, realize sensing that the parking position air outlet of flue gas and the parking position air outlet of top thereof are held open state, the parking position air outlet of below keeps closed condition, thus ensures that parking position air outlet is effectively discharged fume, and controls fire and smoke spread to greatest extent;
If operating mode after belonging to accident calamity, when accident fire working is selected to adopt closed gas extinguishing method, Long-distance Control is carried car panoramic table and is entered underground three-dimensional garage lifting passage and stop bottom, open a rain-proof type roof extract unit, keep all parking position air outlets to be in opening with corresponding smoke vent opening motor-operated control valve, underground stereo garage parking carries out mechanical exhaust simultaneously, purification inner air, get rid of pernicious gas, until probe display numerical value is all in safe range.
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| CN201510667400.2A CN105201256B (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2015-10-16 | Underground stereo garage parking ventilation and exhaust device |
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| CN105201256B CN105201256B (en) | 2018-08-24 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105257047A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-01-20 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Ventilation and smoke exhaustion device of underground stereo parking garage |
| CN105256981A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-01-20 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Ventilation and smoke exhaustion method of underground stereo parking garage |
| CN106593044A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-04-26 | 江苏旭云物联信息科技有限公司 | Intelligent parking system |
| CN111089381A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-05-01 | 蓝鹏 | Multilayer underground garage system of discharging fume and multilayer underground garage thereof |
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| CN111089381B (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2021-07-09 | 蓝鹏 | Multilayer underground garage system of discharging fume and multilayer underground garage thereof |
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