CN105198122A - Resource utilization method of waste hydrochloric acid containing heavy metal lead and iron - Google Patents
Resource utilization method of waste hydrochloric acid containing heavy metal lead and iron Download PDFInfo
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- CN105198122A CN105198122A CN201510697461.3A CN201510697461A CN105198122A CN 105198122 A CN105198122 A CN 105198122A CN 201510697461 A CN201510697461 A CN 201510697461A CN 105198122 A CN105198122 A CN 105198122A
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- hydrochloric acid
- sulfide
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Abstract
The invention discloses a resource utilization method of waste hydrochloric acid containing heavy metal lead and iron. The method comprises the following steps: removing the lead from a sulfide solution, preparing a polymeric ferric chloride flocculating agent and purifying hydrogen sulfide gas. According to the method disclosed by the invention, lead ions in the waste hydrochloric acid are removed by a sulfide precipitation method to obtain the polymeric ferric chloride flocculating agent; after the produced hydrogen sulfide gas is subjected to falling film absorption, packed tower absorption and active carbon absorption, the hydrogen sulfide gas meets the requirements of national foul pollutant emission standards; meanwhile, sulfides are recycled and cyclic utilization of a sulfur element in a whole process is realized; in a whole purification process, the hydrogen sulfide gas is in countercurrent contact with an alkaline solution, so that the hydrogen sulfide gas can be sufficiently absorbed and the high-concentration sulfide solution is obtained. According to the method, the recycling rate of the iron in the waste hydrochloric acid is more than 90% and the removing rate of the lead is more than 99%; the purity of produced lead sulfide is equivalent to that of industrial lead sulfide, and the produced lead sulfide can be used as an industrial raw material. With the adoption of the resource utilization method disclosed by the invention, harmless treatment and resource utilization of the waste hydrochloric acid are realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the harmless process field of chemical waste fluid, relate to a kind of waste hydrochloric acid resource utilization method containing heavy metal lead and iron.
Background technology
Remove the method generally adopting salt acid elution in the process of surface metal oxide in metal material processing, produce a large amount of low-concentration waste acid (mass concentration of hydrochloric acid is 3 ~ 12%) containing heavy metal, especially leaded spent acid, deals with very difficult.Treatment process domestic at present can be divided into two large classes substantially.
The first kind processes as waste water.After adopting the alkaline materials such as lime, sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide to neutralize, then carry out wastewater treatment.This mode can produce a large amount of waste residue containing heavy metal lead, belongs to Hazardous wastes, needs to be cured security landfill again after stabilization, easily produce secondary pollution, and cost is higher.
Equations of The Second Kind reclaims hydrochloric acid and iron.Main recovery technology comprises: (1) oxidizing roasting method.Waste hydrochloric acid is sprayed in the stove of 600 ° of C, Fe
2o
3get rid of from furnace bottom, hydrogen chloride gas is back to pickling process after water absorbs.The investment of this technology is large, and running cost is high, and the Fe obtained
2o
3second-rate, market sale has problems.(2) vacuum distillation crystallization process.Spent acid is pumped into circulating evaporator, and spent acid starts evaporation at 102 DEG C, enters Separation of Water and hydrochloric acid in rectifier, and concentrated solution low temperature crystallization after evaporation, centrifuge dehydration, product is FeCl
2crystalline hydrate.The investment of this technology is large, and running cost is high, and FeCl
2also need to be FeCl with chlorine oxidation further
3.(3) sulfate substitution method.Adopt the vitriol oil as dewatering agent, cemented out by dilute hydrochloric acid in still kettle, it is ferric sulfate that ferrous sulfate passes into oxygen high temperature oxidation under sulfuric acid catalysis.The subject matter of this technology is that the consumption of the vitriol oil is large, and in the mother liquor after ferric sulfate crystallization, h 2 so 4 concentration only has about 50%, and be back to the replacement process of dilute hydrochloric acid after needing further evaporation concentration again, energy consumption is larger.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defect of the leaded spent acid treatment technology of existing industry, the invention provides a kind of method of the waste hydrochloric acid containing heavy metal lead and iron being carried out recycling, both can realize the harmless treatment of waste hydrochloric acid, the object of its recycling can also have been realized.
For solving the problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Remove the lead ion in waste hydrochloric acid by sulphide precipitation, obtain poly ferric chloride flocculant agent; The hydrogen sulfide produced absorbs through falling film absorption, packing tower and after charcoal absorption process, meets the requirement of country about emission standard for odor pollutants, reclaim sulfide simultaneously, realize the recycle of whole process element sulphur; The lead sulfide purity produced is suitable with industrial lead sulfide purity, can be used as industrial raw material.
Concrete steps are:
(1) sulfide solution deleading: according to sulfide solution: waste hydrochloric acid: the volume ratio of protective material=1:5 ~ 8:0.02, drip gradually in waste hydrochloric acid solution mass concentration be 10 ~ 20% sulfide solution and mass concentration be 5% ferric iron protective material solution, Keep agitation reaction is after 30 ~ 60 minutes, discharging is to staticly settling tank, leave standstill 1 ~ 3 hour, then supernatant liquor is pumped into ferric chloride Solution storage tank, concentrated solution is through filter press, remove mud cake, filtrate pump enters standing setting tank;
(2) poly ferric chloride flocculant agent preparation; Ferric chloride Solution is removed fine suspension through deep bed filter, then according to the mass concentration of iron ion in solution, determines whether add iron trichloride, make the mass concentration of iron ion in solution be not less than 11%; Regulate pH value to 2.5 ~ 3.5 of ferric chloride Solution again with the basic solution that mass concentration is 10 ~ 30%, slaking 72 ~ 96 hours, obtains poly ferric chloride flocculant agent;
(3) hydrogen sulfide purification, by a large amount of hydrogen sulfide produced in sulfide solution and waste hydrochloric acid reaction process, through falling film absorption, packing tower absorbs, after mist eliminator removes moisture and charcoal absorption process, be purified, concrete steps are, by vacuum pump, hydrogen sulfide is evacuated to falling-film absorber, adopt from packed absorber phegma out as H2S SCAVENGER, 3 ~ 30 minutes residence time, from falling-film absorber hydrogen sulfide out, absorb through packed absorber, mass concentration is adopted to be that the basic solution of 10 ~ 30% is as absorption liquid, 10 ~ 30 minutes residence time, remove after wet fog from packed absorber gas out through mist eliminator, enter activated carbon adsorber process, tail gas is through chimney qualified discharge, meet the secondary discharge standard requirement in " emission standard for odor pollutants ", wherein, adopt fresh basic solution as absorption agent in packed absorber, absorbing hydrogen sulphide gas falling-film absorber is used for from packed absorber phegma out, absorb saturated after obtain sulfide solution, this sulfide solution is reused for waste hydrochloric acid neutralization and plumbous precipitin reaction, thus achieve the recycle of whole process element sulphur.
In waste hydrochloric acid of the present invention, the mass concentration of hydrochloric acid is 3 ~ 15%, and lead ion mass concentration is 100 ~ 3000ppm, and iron ion mass concentration is 5 ~ 15%; Described sulfide is one or more in sodium sulphite, potassium sulphide, Sodium sulfhydrate, potassium bisulfide; Described ferric iron protective material is one or more in sodium phosphate, Sodium phosphate dibasic, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassiumphosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and potassium primary phosphate; Described basic solution comprise in sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, aqua calcis, sodium carbonate solution, sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and solution of potassium carbonate one or more.
What hydrogen sulfide purifying method of the present invention adopted is the reverse contact process of hydrogen sulfide and basic solution, after falling film absorption, packing tower absorption, mist eliminator remove moisture and charcoal absorption process, be purified, in whole purification process, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration from high to low, and basic solution concentration from low to high, be conducive to abundant absorbing hydrogen sulphide gas and obtain the sulfide solution of high density.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) iron recovery in waste hydrochloric acid is greater than 90%, and plumbous clearance is greater than 99%;
(2) mass concentration 311% of Fe in poly ferric chloride flocculant agent, the mass concentration <5ppm of lead ion;
(3) the lead sulfide purity produced is suitable with industrial lead sulfide purity, can be used as industrial raw material;
(4) poly ferric chloride flocculant agent is excellent for the purifying property of sanitary sewage.Primary turbidity of sewage 200 ~ 300NTU, COD alive
cr400 ~ 800mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 20 ~ 40mg/L, total phosphorus 3 ~ 5mg/L, after treatment, turbidity decline 92 ~ 96%, COD
cr, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus clearance be respectively 75 ~ 80%, 75 ~ 85% and 80 ~ 85%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet waste hydrochloric acid containing heavy metal lead and iron being carried out recycling of the present invention.
In figure: 1. sulfide solution, 2. ferric iron protective material solution, 3. deleading retort; 4. staticly settle tank; 5. ferric chloride Solution storage tank, 6. setting tank bed mud, 7. plate-and-frame filter press; 8. lead sulfide mud cake; 9. sheet frame filtrate, 10. deep bed filter, 11. flocculation agent reactors; 12. flocculation agent slaking tanks; 13. hydrogen sulfide, 14. vacuum pumps, 15. falling-film absorbers; 16. packed absorbers; 17. mist eliminators, 18. activated carbon adsorbers, 19. packing tower phegmas; 20. falling-film absorber phegmas, 21. chimneys.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
See Fig. 1, by 2000L waste hydrochloric acid, (mass concentration of hydrochloric acid is 15%, lead ion mass concentration is 1500ppm, iron ion mass concentration is 8.9%) add in deleading retort 3, drip gradually 250L mass concentration be 18% sodium sulfide solution 1 and 18L mass concentration be 5% sodium radio-phosphate,P-32 solution 2, dropwise rear continuation stirring reaction 30 minutes, discharging is to staticly settling tank 4, leave standstill 1.5 hours, then supernatant liquor is pumped into ferric chloride Solution storage tank 5, setting tank bed mud 6, through plate-and-frame filter press 7 press filtration, obtains lead sulfide mud cake 8, and sheet frame filtrate 9 pumps into and staticly settles tank 4.
(1) poly ferric chloride flocculant agent preparation: ferric chloride Solution is removed fine suspension through deep bed filter 10, enters flocculation agent reactor 11, add 45kgFeCl
3powder, stir, dissolve, then add the sodium hydroxide solution adjust ph to 3.0 that 20L mass concentration is 15%, continue stirring 30 minutes, discharging, pumps in flocculation agent slaking tank 12, through natural slaking 72 hours, obtains poly ferric chloride flocculant agent.
(2) hydrogen sulfide purification: produce a large amount of hydrogen sulfide 13 in sodium sulfide solution and waste hydrochloric acid reaction process, gas production rate is 160m
3/ h, is evacuated to falling-film absorber 15 by vacuum pump 14 by hydrogen sulfide 13, adopts the reflux solution 19 of packed absorber 16 as H2S SCAVENGER, 5 minutes residence time; From falling-film absorber 15 hydrogen sulfide out, absorb through packed absorber 16, mass concentration is adopted to be that the sodium hydroxide solution of 15% is as absorption liquid, 10 minutes residence time, then after wet fog removed by mist eliminator 17, enter activated carbon adsorber 18 to process, tail gas, through chimney 21 qualified discharge, meets the secondary discharge standard (<0.06mg/m in " emission standard for odor pollutants " (GB14554-1993)
3) requirement.Wherein, from falling-film absorber 15 phegma 20 out as the sodium sulfide solution 1 required for precipitation plumbous waste hydrochloric acid, thus the recycle of whole process element sulphur is achieved.
embodiment 2
See Fig. 1, by 2000L waste hydrochloric acid, (mass concentration of hydrochloric acid is 3%, the mass concentration of lead ion is 300ppm, the mass concentration of iron ion is 9.5%) add in deleading retort 3, drip gradually 250L mass concentration be 10% potassium sulfide solution 1 and 10L mass concentration be 5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2, dropwise rear continuation stirring reaction 50 minutes, discharging is to staticly settling tank 4, leave standstill 3 hours, then supernatant liquor is pumped into ferric chloride Solution storage tank 5, setting tank bed mud 6 is through plate-and-frame filter press 7 press filtration, obtain lead sulfide mud cake 8, sheet frame filtrate 9 pumps into and staticly settles tank 4.
(1) poly ferric chloride flocculant agent preparation: ferric chloride Solution is removed fine suspension through deep bed filter 10, enters flocculation agent reactor 11, add 40kgFeCl
3powder, stir, dissolve, then add the solution of potassium carbonate adjust ph to 3.5 that 15L mass concentration is 20%, continue stirring 45 minutes, discharging, pumps in flocculation agent slaking tank 12, through natural slaking 96 hours, obtains poly ferric chloride flocculant agent.
(2) hydrogen sulfide purification: produce a large amount of hydrogen sulfide 13 in potassium sulfide solution and waste hydrochloric acid reaction process, gas production rate is 70m
3/ h, is evacuated to falling-film absorber 15 by vacuum pump 14 by hydrogen sulfide 13, adopts the reflux solution 19 of packed absorber 16 as H2S SCAVENGER, 8 minutes residence time; From falling-film absorber 15 hydrogen sulfide out, absorb through packed absorber 16, adopt mass concentration be the solution of potassium carbonate of 20% as absorption liquid, 30 minutes residence time; Then after wet fog removed by mist eliminator 17, enter activated carbon adsorber 18 and process, tail gas, through chimney 21 qualified discharge, meets the secondary discharge standard (<0.06mg/m in " emission standard for odor pollutants " (GB14554-1993)
3) requirement.Wherein, from falling-film absorber 15 phegma 20 out as the potassium sulfide solution 1 required for precipitation plumbous waste hydrochloric acid, thus the recycle of whole process element sulphur is achieved.
embodiment 3: example
The poly ferric chloride flocculant agent of preparation in embodiment 1 is used for sanitary sewage disposal.At 1m
3add 1.8kg poly ferric chloride flocculant agent in sanitary sewage, stir 10 minutes, standing sedimentation 60 minutes, sampling and testing sanitary sewage disposal effect.Before process, sanitary sewage turbidity 266NTU, COD
cr560.8mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 31.9mg/L, total phosphorus 3.2mg/L, after poly ferric chloride flocculant agent process, turbidity decline 95.8%, COD
cr, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus clearance be respectively 79.5%, 81.9% and 82.9%.
Last it is noted that obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and the restriction not to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And thus the apparent change of extending out or variation be still among protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. contain a waste hydrochloric acid resource utilization method for heavy metal lead and iron, it is characterized in that: described method removes the lead ion in waste hydrochloric acid by sulphide precipitation, obtains poly ferric chloride flocculant agent; The hydrogen sulfide produced absorbs through falling film absorption, packing tower and after charcoal absorption process, meets the requirement of country about emission standard for odor pollutants, reclaim sulfide simultaneously, realize the recycle of whole process element sulphur; The lead sulfide purity produced is suitable with industrial lead sulfide purity, can be used as industrial raw material.
2. a kind of waste hydrochloric acid resource utilization method containing heavy metal lead and iron as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
1), sulfide solution deleading: according to sulfide solution: waste hydrochloric acid: the volume ratio of protective material=1:5 ~ 8:0.02, drip gradually in waste hydrochloric acid solution mass concentration be 10 ~ 20% sulfide solution and mass concentration be 5% ferric iron protective material solution, Keep agitation reaction is after 30 ~ 60 minutes, discharging is to staticly settling tank, leave standstill 1 ~ 3 hour, then supernatant liquor is pumped into ferric chloride Solution storage tank, concentrated solution is through filter press, remove mud cake, filtrate pump enters standing setting tank;
2), poly ferric chloride flocculant agent preparation: ferric chloride Solution is removed fine suspension through deep bed filter, then according to the mass concentration of iron ion in solution, determine whether add iron trichloride, the mass concentration of iron ion in solution is made to be not less than 11%, pH value to 2.5 ~ 3.5 of ferric chloride Solution are regulated again with the basic solution that mass concentration is 10 ~ 30%, slaking 72 ~ 96 hours, obtains poly ferric chloride flocculant agent;
3), hydrogen sulfide purifies: by a large amount of hydrogen sulfide produced in sulfide solution and waste hydrochloric acid reaction process, through falling film absorption, packing tower absorbs, after mist eliminator removes moisture and charcoal absorption process, be purified, concrete steps are, by vacuum pump, hydrogen sulfide is evacuated to falling-film absorber, adopt from packed absorber phegma out as H2S SCAVENGER, 3 ~ 30 minutes residence time, from falling-film absorber hydrogen sulfide out, absorb through packed absorber, mass concentration is adopted to be that the basic solution of 10 ~ 30% is as absorption liquid, 10 ~ 30 minutes residence time, remove after wet fog from packed absorber gas out through mist eliminator, enter activated carbon adsorber process, tail gas is through chimney qualified discharge, meet the secondary discharge standard requirement in " emission standard for odor pollutants ", wherein, adopt fresh basic solution as absorption agent in packed absorber, absorbing hydrogen sulphide gas falling-film absorber is used for from packed absorber phegma out, absorb saturated after obtain sulfide solution, this sulfide solution is reused for waste hydrochloric acid neutralization and plumbous precipitin reaction, thus achieve the recycle of whole process element sulphur.
3. a kind of waste hydrochloric acid resource utilization method containing heavy metal lead and iron as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described waste hydrochloric acid, the mass concentration of hydrochloric acid is 3 ~ 15%, lead ion mass concentration is 100 ~ 3000ppm, and iron ion mass concentration is 5 ~ 15%.
4. a kind of waste hydrochloric acid resource utilization method containing heavy metal lead and iron as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described sulfide is one or more in sodium sulphite, potassium sulphide, Sodium sulfhydrate, potassium bisulfide; Described ferric iron protective material is one or more in sodium phosphate, Sodium phosphate dibasic, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, potassiumphosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and potassium primary phosphate.
5. a kind of waste hydrochloric acid resource utilization method containing heavy metal lead and iron as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described flocculation agent is poly ferric chloride flocculant agent, wherein the mass concentration 311% of Fe, the mass concentration <5ppm of lead ion.
6. a kind of waste hydrochloric acid resource utilization method containing heavy metal lead and iron as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: what described hydrogen sulfide purifying method adopted is the reverse contact process of hydrogen sulfide and basic solution, after falling film absorption, packing tower absorption, mist eliminator remove moisture and charcoal absorption process, be purified, in whole purification process, sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration from high to low, and basic solution concentration from low to high, be conducive to abundant absorbing hydrogen sulphide gas and obtain the sulfide solution of high density.
7. a kind of waste hydrochloric acid resource utilization method containing heavy metal lead and iron as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: described basic solution comprise in sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, aqua calcis, sodium carbonate solution, sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and solution of potassium carbonate one or more.
8. a kind of waste hydrochloric acid resource utilization method containing heavy metal lead and iron as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described method is greater than 90% to the iron recovery in waste hydrochloric acid, plumbous clearance is greater than 99%, and the lead sulfide purity produced is suitable with industrial lead sulfide purity, can be used as industrial raw material.
9., as claim 1 or a kind of waste hydrochloric acid resource utilization method containing heavy metal lead and iron according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described flocculation agent is excellent for the purifying property of sanitary sewage, primary turbidity of sewage 200 ~ 300NTU, COD alive
cr400 ~ 800mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 20 ~ 40mg/L, total phosphorus 3 ~ 5mg/L, after treatment, turbidity decline 92 ~ 96%, COD
cr, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus clearance be respectively 75 ~ 80%, 75 ~ 85% and 80 ~ 85%.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN105854570A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-08-17 | 重庆天原化工有限公司 | New mercaptopropionic-acid tail gas treating technology |
| CN106186445A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-12-07 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | A kind of steel wire rope acid-washing waste acid and containing high zinc, lead mud disposal system and technique altogether |
| CN107162281A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-09-15 | 甘肃中顺石化工程装备有限公司 | The processing method and Waste Water Treatment of heavy metal ion in a kind of removal smelting wastewater |
| CN107500260A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2017-12-22 | 江苏荣信环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method that iron oxide waste material using metal-working industry prepares battery-grade iron phosphate |
| CN107628722A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-01-26 | 长沙埃比林环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method of soda ash processing lead waste water |
| CN112408633A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-02-26 | 江苏海普功能材料有限公司 | Method for recycling lead-containing waste acid by adsorption method |
| CN113621807A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-11-09 | 江苏荣信环保科技有限公司 | Process for producing lead concentrate by using lead-containing waste hydrochloric acid |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105854570A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-08-17 | 重庆天原化工有限公司 | New mercaptopropionic-acid tail gas treating technology |
| CN106186445A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-12-07 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | A kind of steel wire rope acid-washing waste acid and containing high zinc, lead mud disposal system and technique altogether |
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| CN107500260A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2017-12-22 | 江苏荣信环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method that iron oxide waste material using metal-working industry prepares battery-grade iron phosphate |
| CN107628722A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-01-26 | 长沙埃比林环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method of soda ash processing lead waste water |
| CN112408633A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-02-26 | 江苏海普功能材料有限公司 | Method for recycling lead-containing waste acid by adsorption method |
| CN113621807A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-11-09 | 江苏荣信环保科技有限公司 | Process for producing lead concentrate by using lead-containing waste hydrochloric acid |
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Application publication date: 20151230 |