CN102951752A - Filter-pressing action-based acid mine drainage treatment system and treatment method - Google Patents
Filter-pressing action-based acid mine drainage treatment system and treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102951752A CN102951752A CN2012104523042A CN201210452304A CN102951752A CN 102951752 A CN102951752 A CN 102951752A CN 2012104523042 A CN2012104523042 A CN 2012104523042A CN 201210452304 A CN201210452304 A CN 201210452304A CN 102951752 A CN102951752 A CN 102951752A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a filter-press action-based acid mine drainage treatment system and a filter-press action-based acid mine drainage treatment method. The system comprises a primary settling region (1), a basic material pool (2), a calcium carbonate neutralization pool (3), a secondary settling region (4), a residue pool (5) and a filter-pressing unit (6). Drainage is treated by steps of primary physical settlement, primary chemical settlement, secondary chemical settlement, secondary physical settlement and filter-pressing unit solid-liquid separation. The system and the method have the beneficial effects that physical and chemical treatment methods are comprehensively used for treating drainage with an excessively low pH value and excessively high heavy metal content, so that the heavy metal content of acid mine drainage is effectively lowered, the investment cost is lowered, and the treatment efficiency is improved; and in addition, filter presses have a function of treating the drainage and residues, the types and the parallel mounting number of the filter presses can be selected according to specific conditions in the whole flow, secondary pollution is avoided, the efficiency and the treatment capacity are high, and the filter presses are automatically washed and conveniently operated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to acid wastewater in mine treatment system and treatment process based on filter pressing, belong to the acid wastewater in mine processing technology field.
Background technology
Acidic mine waste water (acid mine drainage, abbreviation AMD) pollution is a global problem, mainly be washup, the mine tailing wastewater that discharge in drench with rain sewage and the dressing-works of the exploitation of colliery and the metal mine pit water, the waste rock pile that discharge, its characteristics are: low pH value, contain the vitriol of high density and the heavy metal ion of solubility.The direct discharging of acidic mine waste water will cause great harm to environment because heavy metal ion is different from organism, can't be by biological decomposition in environment, in case thereby will constantly accumulate behind the entered environment and be difficult to remove, cause the chronic pollution of environment.The biological growths such as the algae in the low pH value serious threat river of waste water, plant plankton also can polluted underground water.Along with the exploitation utilization of Mineral resources, China is being faced with severe acid wastewater in mine pollution problem.
The formation approach of acid wastewater in mine mainly contains: 1) in the deposit mining process, a large amount of seepage action of ground waters after these pit waters drain into the earth's surface, are the main source of acid waste water to face; 2) in the ore processing process, the waste water that the ore-dressing practice flow process of interpolation acid medicine is discharged is the important sources of acid waste water and objectionable impurities; 3) barren rock that contains in a large number sulfide mineral and the mine tailing that discharge in the production process of mine constantly contact with empty G﹠W (or water vapour) when stacking in the open, generate metal ion and sulfate ion.When plum rain season, heavy metal and acid ion can be dissolved in the water body, and enter river, lake or permeate the ground with rainwater, thus polluted surface water and underground water.
There are a large amount of Mineral resources in China, and most of mineral products exist with the form of metallic sulfide.These Mineral resources are in the process of exploitation, by the effect of oxygen in microorganism and the air, warp
Form sulphate cpd after the process and be dissolved in the water.So, both increased the concentration of heavy metal ion in the water, water pH value is reduced.
Domestic and international improvement method about acid wastewater in mine mainly contains Physical (absorption method), chemical method (flocculence, the precipitator method, chelate method), membrane processing method, reaches biological process (artificial swamp method, microbial method) etc. at present.
Absorption method: the method is to utilize the absorption property of some material with microvoid structure (being mainly gac etc.) to reach the purpose of purifying liquid waste.Gac is limited to the adsorptive power of pollutent, and saturated gac is not treated and discarded must to cause the problems such as the wasting of resources and environmental pollution.
Neutralisation: the method is to utilize the principle of acid-base neutralisation precipitation, water insoluble or be slightly soluble in water according to most of heavy metal hydroxide, make heavy metal ion form precipitation of hydroxide by adding a certain amount of alkaline matter in the oxytropism pit water, to reach a kind of method of removing heavy metal ions in wastewater and improving wastewater pH.But it is large to process the waste residue amount that produces, and is difficult for processing and may causing secondary pollution problems.
Little electrolytic flocculation method: the method is take the Fe-C filler as main, the galvanic corrosion effect that utilizes iron filings to produce in waste water is electrochemical redox, electrochemistry to the combined effect of the effects such as the absorption of the electric inrichment of flco, the cohesion that electrochemical action produces, newborn flco and bed filtration.1., the iron filings at the bottom of the electrolysis tower easily harden it also remains some shortcomings:, this causes Fe-C transfer transport difficulty, and makes H on the iron particle
+→ H
2Be wrapped in the iron particle and make it be difficult to oxidation dissolution, and reduce treatment effect.2., iron-carbon micro-electrolysis reaction needs carry out (pH is generally at 3-4) under acidic conditions, this discharges water and then requires neutrality so that the control of pH is become a major issue, both contradiction so that running cost improve.3., in microelectrolysis process, anodic reaction: Fe-2e
-→ Fe
2+, need to replenish timely iron filings and change residue, increased operation easier.
Sulfide precipitation flotation process: mainly be the principle of utilizing the solubleness of heavy metal sulfide in water less than metal hydroxides, make heavy metal reach the method that reduces heavy metal concentration in the water with the sulphided form precipitation by adding a certain amount of vulcanizing agent.Used H in the method
2S, Na
sThe vulcanizing agents such as S, easily cause pH cost wayward, raw material in the secondary pollution, sulfide forming process of sulfide higher and process after waste water in sulphur content do not reach discharging standards.
High-molecular chelating agent method: adopt polymer organic sequestering agent and metal ion generation chelatropic reaction, generate and stablize and water-fast metallo-chelate is removed the method for heavy metal ions in wastewater.Must satisfy following condition for the treatment of the waste water high-molecular chelating agent: in the water insoluble and soda acid of the metal complex that 1. generates, and radius is easy to more greatly sedimentation.2. the metal complex toxicity that generates is little.3. stability is relatively better, can stable existence.4. the addition of the sequestrant in the reaction process should be less, and market value is cheap.
The artificial swamp method: by artificial construction and controlling run with the similar earth's surface of the swampland ecosystem, mainly utilize the physics, chemistry of matrix-microorganism-this complex ecosystem of plant, biological triple synergies to realize the high purification to sewage.But for example also there are some restrictive factors in the method: the growth cycle of Activities of Some Plants is long, growth is slow, adsorptive power is limited and most plant starts from the water body that is grown in neutrality and low alkalinity.
Microorganism treatment: the microbial method treatment of acidic wastewater mainly is to utilize sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) by the bioreduction of alienation vitriol.The difficulty because the method operates is complicated.
Membrane processing method: membrane separation technique is to utilize the permeable pressure head of film both sides, and the ion in the water utilizes the selection perviousness of film under the seepage water pressure effect that does not wait, a kind of isolation technique that the water intermediate ion is separated and concentrates.But because trade effluent often contains the materials such as acid, alkali, treatment condition are harsh.And the method processing cost is higher.
Above treatment technology obtains certain application because of its advantage, but also is difficult to be promoted because of separately shortcomings and limitations.Micro electrolysis tech mainly is to use iron filings and carbon granule as micro-electrolysis stuffing, so after treatment reaction proceeds to for some time, just the unfavorable phenomenons such as obstruction, caking occur, all existed the problem that the pH value is regulated before micro-electrolysis reaction carries out simultaneously and after carrying out, improved cost.Sulphide precipitation is because the secondary pollution of sulphur is serious, and the cost of vulcanizing agent is higher etc., and shortcoming is restricted its application.Membrane technology can effectively be processed acid wastewater in mine to a certain extent, but the preparation cost of film and maintenance cost have limited the extensive popularization of this technology.The microwave method processing cost is high, and energy consumption is large, and equipment maintenance cost is expensive, and it mainly is applicable to containing the processing of organic wastewater.Absorption method is in fact to rely on the adsorbent activity surface to the attraction of heavy metal ion and heavy-metal ion removal.The sorbent material kind is a lot, and modal is gac, but charcoal absorption speed is slower, and loading capacity is less, therefore be unsuitable for processing the higher waste water of Pollutant levels; And the regeneration of activated carbon program is complicated, has also limited its use range.
The most cost of investment of these techniques is high, and the waste residue amount is large etc., and the Artificial Wetland Techniques floor space is wider, and it is excessively low to be unsuitable for processing the pH value, the waste water that heavy metal content is too high.Searching is low-cost, high efficiency acidic mine waste water treatment process has become the industrial development problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly can process the waste water that the pH value is excessively low, heavy metal content is too high and cost of investment is low, processing efficiency is high, do not produce acid wastewater in mine treatment system and the treatment process based on filter pressing of secondary pollution.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: based on the acid wastewater in mine treatment system of filter pressing, it comprises the one-level settling region, the basic material pond, the calcium carbonate neutralization tank, the two-stage precipitation district, residue pool and press filtration unit, wherein, the wastewater outlet of one-level settling region links to each other with the waste water import in basic material pond, the wastewater outlet in basic material pond links to each other with the waste water import of calcium carbonate neutralization tank, the wastewater outlet of calcium carbonate neutralization tank links to each other with the waste water import in two-stage precipitation district, the two-stage precipitation district is the overflow type settling tank, the one-level settling region, the basic material pond, the residue outlet of calcium carbonate neutralization tank and bottom, two-stage precipitation district links to each other with the residue import of residue pool, the turbid solution outlet of two-stage precipitation district downside links to each other with the import of press filtration unit with the residue outlet of residue pool, the press filtration unit is provided with two outlets, and one of them outlet is back to the waste water import of one-level settling region.
The one-level settling tank that described one-level settling region is connected by two series connection forms.
Described basic material pond is comprised of three carbon bed or soda-lime beds of connecting in parallel.
Described calcium carbonate neutralization tank is comprised of three calcium carbonate beds of connecting in parallel.
Described two-stage precipitation is provided with flocculant adding apparatus in the district.
Also be provided with the mud cake outlet on the described press filtration unit.
Based on the acid wastewater in mine treatment process of filter pressing, it comprises following step:
(1) acid wastewater in mine is entered in the one-level settling region that the one-level settling tank connected by two series connection forms and carry out elementary physical sedimentation, residue enters in the residue pool;
The waste water of (2) previous step being finished dealing with enters and carries out primary chemical precipitation in the basic material pond, utilizes absorption property and the alkalescence of material, removes for the first time the pH value that water body was removed and promoted to part heavy metal ion in the waste water, and residue enters in the residue pool;
The waste water of (3) previous step being finished dealing with enters and carries out the secondary chemical precipitation in the calcium carbonate neutralization tank, utilize calcium carbonate again to regulate waste water ph, reduce simultaneously the content of the heavy metal in the part water and stop basic material particle from the basic material pond, residue enters in the residue pool;
The waste water of (4) previous step being finished dealing with enters and carries out the secondary physical sedimentation in the two-stage precipitation district, the two-stage precipitation district is the direct overflow discharge of clear liquid at the middle and upper levels, lower floor's turbid solution is under the effect of flocculation agent, and the small granular suspended matters cohesion is the bulk polymkeric substance, and residue enters in the residue pool;
The turbid solution of (5) the two-stage precipitation district being discharged and the residue in the residue pool enter and carry out solid-liquid separation in the press filtration unit, process simultaneously waste water and residue, when water outlet reaches emission standard, near the river water up to standard drains into by the outlet that reaches the press filtration unit.
Because heavy metal ion is adsorbed on the suspended solids thing mostly in most of acid wastewater in mine (particularly waste water of mine), adopt the filtration means can effectively reduce the content of acidic mine waste water.By adding flocculation agent (polymerize aluminum chloride or poly-ferric chloride etc.) cohesion of fine particle thing is the bulk polymkeric substance, and in conjunction with the processing means of press filtration, can effectively tackles than small granular suspended matters, effectively reduce the heavy metal content of acidic mine waste water.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the treatment process of comprehensive utilization physics, chemistry, process the waste water that the pH value is excessively low, heavy metal content is too high, effectively reduce the heavy metal content of acidic mine waste water, reduced cost of investment low, improved that processing efficiency is high, simultaneously pressure filter plays the effect of not only processing waste water but also processing residue, whole flow process can be selected the kind of pressure filter and the quantity that is installed in parallel according to specific circumstances, do not produce secondary pollution, efficient is high, treatment capacity is large, auto-flushing, easy to operate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the process principle figure for the treatment of process of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-one-level settling region, 11-one-level settling tank, 2-basic material pond, 22-carbon bed or soda-lime bed, 3-calcium carbonate neutralization tank, 31-calcium carbonate bed, 4-two-stage precipitation district, 41-flocculant adding apparatus, 5-residue pool, 6-press filtration unit.
Embodiment
Further describe technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but that claimed scope is not limited to is described.
Such as Fig. 1, acid wastewater in mine treatment system based on filter pressing, it comprises one-level settling region 1, basic material pond 2, calcium carbonate neutralization tank 3, two-stage precipitation district 4, residue pool 5 and press filtration unit 6, wherein, the wastewater outlet of one-level settling region 1 links to each other with the waste water import in basic material pond 2, the wastewater outlet in basic material pond 2 links to each other with the waste water import of calcium carbonate neutralization tank 3, the wastewater outlet of calcium carbonate neutralization tank 3 links to each other with the waste water import in two-stage precipitation district 4, two-stage precipitation district 4 is the overflow type settling tank, one-level settling region 1, basic material pond 2, the residue outlet of calcium carbonate neutralization tank 3 and 4 bottoms, two-stage precipitation district links to each other with the residue import of residue pool 5, the turbid solution outlet of two-stage precipitation district 4 downsides links to each other with the import of press filtration unit 6 with the residue outlet of residue pool 5, press filtration unit 6 is provided with two outlets, and one of them outlet is back to the waste water import of one-level settling region 1.
The one-level settling tank 11 that described one-level settling region 1 is connected by two series connection forms.
Described basic material pond 2 is comprised of three carbon bed or soda-lime beds 21 of connecting in parallel.
Described calcium carbonate neutralization tank 3 is comprised of three calcium carbonate beds 31 of connecting in parallel.
Be provided with flocculant adding apparatus 41 in the described two-stage precipitation district 4.
Also be provided with the mud cake outlet on the described press filtration unit 6.
Based on the acid wastewater in mine treatment process of filter pressing, such as Fig. 2, white arrow represents the treatment scheme of water in the acid wastewater in mine among the figure, and black arrow represents the treatment scheme of residue in the acid wastewater in mine, and it comprises following step:
(1) acid wastewater in mine is entered in the one-level settling region 1 that the one-level settling tank 11 connected by two series connection forms and carry out elementary physical sedimentation, residue enters in the residue pool 5;
The waste water of (2) previous step being finished dealing with enters and carries out the primary chemical precipitation in the basic material pond 2, utilize absorption property and the alkalescence of material, the pH value of water body is removed and promoted to the part heavy metal ion in the first removal waste water, residue enters in the residue pool 5, the compaction rate of basic material Material Filling is filtered out the large particulate matter that suspends in the water partly to a certain extent, helps further to reduce the concentration (entering in the water body because being attached to the heavy metal ion meeting desorb on the particulate matter) of heavy metal in waste water;
The waste water of (3) previous step being finished dealing with enters and carries out the secondary chemical precipitation in the calcium carbonate neutralization tank 3, utilize calcium carbonate again to regulate waste water ph, reduce simultaneously the content of the heavy metal in the part water and stop basic material particle from basic material pond 2, residue enters in the residue pool 5;
The waste water of (4) previous step being finished dealing with enters and carries out the secondary physical sedimentation in the two-stage precipitation district 4, two-stage precipitation district 4 is the direct overflow discharge of clear liquid at the middle and upper levels, lower floor's turbid solution is under the effect of flocculation agent, the small granular suspended matters cohesion is the bulk polymkeric substance, the suspended particulate content that can reduce like this in the water body is loaded to reduce pressure filter, and the bulk polymkeric substance is conducive to the carrying out of pressure-filtering process, and residue enters in the residue pool 5;
The turbid solution of (5) two-stage precipitation district 4 being discharged and the residue in the residue pool 5 enter and carry out solid-liquid separation in the press filtration unit 6, process simultaneously waste water and residue, when water outlet reaches emission standard, near the river water up to standard drains into by the outlet that reaches press filtration unit 6.
Press filtration unit 6 has good solid-liquid separation effect, can isolate preferably the suspended particulate in the water body, and press filtration unit 6 has advantages of that efficient is high, treatment capacity is large, multiple dehydration, water separation capability is strong, moisture content of the cake is low, power consumption power is few, low-speed running, friction, low noise, auto-flushing, easy to operate etc., and whole flow process can be selected the kind (mainly comprising plate-and-frame filter press, folded spiral shell formula pressure filter, rotary drum type sludge pressure filter and rotating disc type Microfilter etc.) of pressure filter and the quantity that is installed in parallel according to specific circumstances.
Claims (7)
1. based on the acid wastewater in mine treatment system of filter pressing, it is characterized in that: it comprises one-level settling region (1), basic material pond (2), calcium carbonate neutralization tank (3), two-stage precipitation district (4), residue pool (5) and press filtration unit (6), wherein, the wastewater outlet of one-level settling region (1) links to each other with the waste water import of basic material pond (2), the wastewater outlet in basic material pond (2) links to each other with the waste water import of calcium carbonate neutralization tank (3), the wastewater outlet of calcium carbonate neutralization tank (3) links to each other with the waste water import of two-stage precipitation district (4), two-stage precipitation district (4) is the overflow type settling tank, one-level settling region (1), basic material pond (2), the residue outlet of calcium carbonate neutralization tank (3) and two-stage precipitation district (4) bottom links to each other with the residue import of residue pool (5), the turbid solution outlet of two-stage precipitation district (4) downside links to each other with the import of press filtration unit (6) with the residue outlet of residue pool (5), press filtration unit (6) is provided with two outlets, and one of them outlet is back to the waste water import of one-level settling region (1).
2. the acid wastewater in mine treatment system based on filter pressing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the one-level settling tanks (11) that described one-level settling region (1) is connected by two series connection form.
3. the acid wastewater in mine treatment system based on filter pressing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described basic material pond (2) is comprised of three carbon bed or soda-lime beds (21) of connecting in parallel.
4. the acid wastewater in mine treatment system based on filter pressing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described calcium carbonate neutralization tank (3) is comprised of three calcium carbonate beds (31) of connecting in parallel.
5. the acid wastewater in mine treatment system based on filter pressing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with flocculant adding apparatus (41) in the described two-stage precipitation district (4).
6. the acid wastewater in mine treatment system based on filter pressing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also be provided with the mud cake outlet on the described press filtration unit (6).
7. based on the acid wastewater in mine treatment process of filter pressing, it is characterized in that: it comprises following step:
(1) acid wastewater in mine is entered in the one-level settling region (1) that the one-level settling tank (11) connected by two series connection forms and carry out elementary physical sedimentation, residue enters in the residue pool (5);
The waste water of (2) previous step being finished dealing with enters and carries out the primary chemical precipitation in the basic material pond (2), utilize absorption property and the alkalescence of material, the pH value of water body is removed and promoted to the part heavy metal ion in the first removal waste water, and residue enters in the residue pool (5);
The waste water of (3) previous step being finished dealing with enters in the calcium carbonate neutralization tank (3) and carries out the secondary chemical precipitation, utilize calcium carbonate again to regulate waste water ph, reduce simultaneously the content of the heavy metal in the part water and stop basic material particle from basic material pond (2), residue enters in the residue pool (5);
The waste water of (4) previous step being finished dealing with enters in the two-stage precipitation district (4) and carries out the secondary physical sedimentation, two-stage precipitation district (4) is the direct overflow discharge of clear liquid at the middle and upper levels, lower floor's turbid solution is under the effect of flocculation agent, the small granular suspended matters cohesion is the bulk polymkeric substance, and residue enters in the residue pool (5);
The turbid solution of (5) two-stage precipitation district (4) being discharged and the residue in the residue pool (5) enter in the press filtration unit (6) and carry out solid-liquid separation, process simultaneously waste water and residue, when water outlet reaches emission standard, near the river water up to standard drains into by the outlet that reaches press filtration unit (6).
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| CN103241821A (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2013-08-14 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | Removal and recovery method for lead in industrial wastewater |
| CN103265142A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-08-28 | 安徽工程大学 | Method for treating acidic mine waste water |
| CN103449671A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2013-12-18 | 安徽工程大学 | Treatment system for acid coal mine drainage and treatment process thereof |
| CN106186032A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2016-12-07 | 成都创慧科达科技有限公司 | A kind of barium hydrogen phosphate liquid waste treatment system |
| CN106186033A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2016-12-07 | 成都创慧科达科技有限公司 | A kind of barium hydrogen phosphate waste disposal system |
| CN107473442A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-12-15 | 马鞍山昊阳新能源科技有限公司 | One kind production Sewage treatment utilizes device |
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| CN110040881A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-07-23 | 脚爬客(武汉)信息技术有限公司 | A kind of disintegrating system in waste pipe |
| CN112479465A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-03-12 | 爱土工程环境科技有限公司 | Device and process for closing acid mine wastewater treatment of vanadium ore |
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| CN103265142A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-08-28 | 安徽工程大学 | Method for treating acidic mine waste water |
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| CN106186032A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2016-12-07 | 成都创慧科达科技有限公司 | A kind of barium hydrogen phosphate liquid waste treatment system |
| CN106186033A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2016-12-07 | 成都创慧科达科技有限公司 | A kind of barium hydrogen phosphate waste disposal system |
| CN106186032B (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-08-25 | 江苏江洲环保科技有限公司 | A kind of barium hydrogen phosphate liquid waste treatment system |
| CN106186033B (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-10-27 | 成都创慧科达科技有限公司 | A kind of barium hydrogen phosphate waste disposal system |
| CN107473442A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-12-15 | 马鞍山昊阳新能源科技有限公司 | One kind production Sewage treatment utilizes device |
| CN109133430A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-04 | 贺州市骏鑫矿产品有限责任公司 | A kind of circulation utilization method of feldspar in powder production waste water |
| CN110040881A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-07-23 | 脚爬客(武汉)信息技术有限公司 | A kind of disintegrating system in waste pipe |
| CN112479465A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-03-12 | 爱土工程环境科技有限公司 | Device and process for closing acid mine wastewater treatment of vanadium ore |
| CN113415959A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-09-21 | 湖南江山春锦科技有限公司 | Modular acid mine wastewater treatment equipment |
| CN113415959B (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-12-31 | 湖南江山春锦科技有限公司 | Modular acid mine wastewater treatment equipment |
| CN114307317A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-12 | 安徽大昌矿业集团有限公司 | Process and device for concentrating micro-fine particle ore pulp of tailings of dressing plant |
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