CN105190823B - multi X-ray beam tube - Google Patents
multi X-ray beam tube Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105190823B CN105190823B CN201480008739.5A CN201480008739A CN105190823B CN 105190823 B CN105190823 B CN 105190823B CN 201480008739 A CN201480008739 A CN 201480008739A CN 105190823 B CN105190823 B CN 105190823B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- ray
- liquid metal
- metal jet
- electron beam
- jet
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
- H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
- H01J35/112—Non-rotating anodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/24—Tubes wherein the point of impact of the cathode ray on the anode or anticathode is movable relative to the surface thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
- G21K2207/00—Particular details of imaging devices or methods using ionizing electromagnetic radiation such as X-rays or gamma rays
- G21K2207/005—Methods and devices obtaining contrast from non-absorbing interaction of the radiation with matter, e.g. phase contrast
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/08—Targets (anodes) and X-ray converters
- H01J2235/081—Target material
- H01J2235/082—Fluids, e.g. liquids, gases
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/08—Targets (anodes) and X-ray converters
- H01J2235/086—Target geometry
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/10—Drive means for anode (target) substrate
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- X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the generation of multiple X-ray beams (26).In order to provide the promoted x-ray source of the ability of the tube power with increase, for providing the coherent radiation in such as differential phase contrast imaging (DPCI), multi x-ray beam X-ray source (10) is provided with anode construction (12) and cathode construction (14).The anode construction includes the multiple liquid metal jets (16) for providing a plurality of focal line (18).The cathode construction provides electron beam configuration (20), and the electron beam configuration provides sub- electron beam (22) for each liquid metal jet.The liquid metal jet is each hit by the smaller electron bombardment part (24) of the half in ratio ring week of the sub- electron beam along ring perimeter surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the generation of multiple X-ray beams, and it is specifically related to a kind of multi x-ray beam X-ray source, is related to one kind
System for phase contrast x-ray imaging, it is related to and a kind of is used to generating the method for the X-ray radiation for phase contrast x-ray imaging, simultaneously
And it is related to a kind of computer program element and computer-readable medium.
Background technology
In phase contrast imaging, using coherent X-ray radiation come illuminated target, such as by the way that optical grating construction is placed on into routine
Realized before X-ray tube.For example, the A1 of WO 2011/070521 are related to differential phase contrast imaging, and describe corresponding system
System.The grating before focal spot is provided so that the enhancing of the coherence length of the X ray generated is arrived into useful level.It is required that grating has
Due to the transparency reduced to the requirement with gap-gap ratio, such as the improved detection to phase offset
Benefit.It has however been shown that in order to realize enough image data qualities it is necessary to have the X-ray tube of the tube power of increase,
This can cause the pipe of costliness.The example for increasing X ray tube power is to the liquid as the anode for generating X-ray radiation
The offer of metal jet.For example, the B2 of US 6995382 describe it is a kind of be used for based on plasma generation come generate strengthen radiation
Arrangement, wherein, there is target generator multi-channel nozzle to have for the generation to strengthening shortwave radiation, the multi-channel nozzle
Multiple target jets.The plasma generated from target jet permeates the plasma extended, causes powerful light source.However,
The generation of plasma reduces the applicability of phase contrast x-ray imaging.It must also be noted that source grating must be provided, it means that return
Because of the extra effort of the necessary manufacturing step in grating.Further, since can be from being just changed into the golden material of more and more expensive material
Expect to provide X-ray absorption part, therefore this also implies negative economic benefits.
The content of the invention
There may be to providing with for providing the coherent radiation being for example adapted in differential phase contrast imaging (DPCI)
The needs of the x-ray source of the ability of the tube power of increase.
The purpose of the present invention is solved by the main body of independent claims, wherein, further embodiment is by simultaneously
Enter in dependent claims.It should be pointed out that aspect of the invention discussed below applies also for multi x-ray beam X-ray source, phase
Serve as a contrast x-ray imaging system, method and computer program element for generating the X-ray radiation for phase contrast x-ray imaging
And computer-readable medium.
According to the present invention, a kind of multi x-ray beam X-ray source is provided with anode construction and cathode construction.The anode knot
Structure includes the multiple liquid metal jets for providing a plurality of focal line.The cathode construction provides electron beam configuration, the electronics binding
Structure provides or supplied sub- electron beam for each liquid metal jet.The liquid metal jet each by the sub- electron beam along
Hit the electron bombardment part that the half in the ratio ring week of ring perimeter surface is smaller.
The liquid metal jet is used as providing the Linear anode of multiple X-ray beams.It is, therefore, possible to provide some X are penetrated
The X-ray radiation of the form of wire harness, the X-ray radiation are used as the coherent radiation for example used in phase contrast imaging.To liquid gold
The offer of category jet allows the radiant output of increase, and this comes from the temperature of itself transmission/refrigerating function in liquid metal jet
The improved material properties of aspect.In other words, liquid metal jet can be subjected to the electron bombardment of increase, i.e., more electronics
It can impact on liquid metal jet, therefore generate more powerful X-ray radiation.The multiple Linear anode also provides so
The advantages of, i.e., with the actual transmission of the coherent manner with required and used X-ray radiation relevant centralized system next life
Into X-ray radiation.Therefore, the structure of burnt " spot " already allows for the specific needs on coherent X-ray radiation.Therefore, to inhaling
The needs received or suppress undesirable X-ray radiation are reduced or minimized.
According to example, the focal line is disposed in orthogonal with central beam direction or not orthogonal extremely with the central beam direction
In a few plane.
For example, the focal line is disposed at least two planes.
According to example, the electron beam configuration includes the multiple independent electrical beamlets for being supplied as the sub- electron beam.
According to another example, the electron beam configuration includes being fed to the liquid metal jet in this way
Single Electron beam, i.e., described liquid metal jet are to provide each other with mask make it that the half in the ratio ring week of only ring perimeter surface is smaller
Hit by the part of the Single Electron beam part.
It is each for the respective close metal on the electron beam direction of propagation in the liquid metal jet according to example
Jet provides mask.
According to example, the liquid metal jet is provided with the electronics for the generation for being approximately X ray in phase contrast imaging
Penetration depth twice of size jet diameter.
According to another example, the shape of the liquid metal jet is not circular.
According to another example, it is to shape that the liquid metal jet, which depends on tube voltage,.
According to another example, the mutual distance of the liquid metal jet can be independently adjusted to optimize interference pattern.
According to another example, it is to adjust that the mutual distance of the liquid metal jet, which depends on the tube voltage,.
According to another example, the liquid metal is angled so that the parabolic flight path of metal is with being orthogonal to
The plane of central beam is maximumlly alignd.
According to another example, the common stepping for being provided for the liquid metal jet is arranged in stepping.
According to another example, aperture structure is provided with what is formed by multiple liquid metal jet flows from X-ray absorption material
Linear opening between separator segment.
For example, this allows A/F is adjusted.
According to the present invention, there is provided a kind of system for phase contrast imaging, the system include：X-ray source, phase light
Grid, analyser gratings and X-ray detector.Intended recipient space be provided at the x-ray source and the phase grating it
Between.The x-ray source is provided as the x-ray source according to one of above-mentioned example.
According to the present invention, there is provided a kind of method for being used to generate the X-ray radiation for phase contrast x-ray imaging, it is described
Method comprises the following steps：
A) generation provides multiple liquid metal jets of a plurality of focal line；
B) sub- electron beam is supplied for each liquid metal jet；And
C) X-ray radiation is generated on the liquid metal jet by electron bombardment, wherein, the sub- electron beam edge
The smaller electron bombardment part shock liquid metal jet of the half in the ratio ring week of ring perimeter surface.
According to aspects of the present invention, there is provided a kind of x-ray source, the x-ray source to a plurality of different focal lines due to carrying
For and generate multiple X-ray radiation beamlets.These are the liquid metal jets by allowing the power output of the raising of the radiation
Come what is provided.If jet only on the part on the surface towards the electron beam by electronic impact, only on the surface
Electron beam is provided on part, and part is not by electronic impact.This provides sufficiently small focal line, i.e., sufficiently thin line, and it is also
Relation of the X-ray radiation used in improvement compared with the X-ray radiation generated.Therefore, will be penetrated to absorbing undesirable X
The needs of beta radiation are minimized or even fully reduced.
It is that the radiation source is restricted in space by the benefit that liquid metal jet is used as anode compared with block of material
Zonule is to realize the ability of the necessary coherence length of generated wave surface.Because in medical imaging, x-ray spectrum is suitable to
Optimize in the setting of change contrast-to-noise than application, thus most optimum wavelengths also change.It therefore would be advantageous to the liquid
State metal jet can be on its size and from neatly being arranged with a distance from mutual.Another benefit is that its in space steady
It is qualitative.When using rotary anode, mechanical tolerance means the mechanical distortion of focal spot position, and this has dual shortcoming：Jiao
The position of spot or the focal line depends on the phase of rotation, and this create undesirable and data read-out stationary problem.
Secondly, when the residence time of the electron beam on element of the period of data integration relative to block anode is big, the focal line
Size is erased.This erase requires the size for reducing the electron beam, and decreases the hot property of the focal spot.Physics
Spot needs smaller than X ray optics focal spot.
Liquid metal jet another benefit is that it is limited as substantially cylindrical shape, and the most of of scattered electron exists
Occur during the generation of X ray.The information of the situation on the interaction zone of these scattered electrons carrying height, i.e.,
The information alignd on electron beam with metal jet, the alignment can be evaluated and be used for closed-loop control to strengthen
State the stability in source.
With reference to the embodiments described below, these and other aspects of the invention will be apparent, and will refer to
Embodiment as described below illustrates to these and other aspects of the invention.
Brief description of the drawings
The one exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the following drawings：
Fig. 1 shows the example in Multi-Beam X-Ray source with schematic cross-section；
Fig. 2 shows another example in multi x-ray beam X-ray source with schematic plan；
Fig. 3 and 4 shows the different examples for the electron beam configuration for being provided to liquid metal jet with schematic cross-section；
Fig. 5 shows another example in multi x-ray beam X-ray source with schematic cross-section；
Fig. 6 also show another example in multi x-ray beam X-ray source with schematic cross-section；
Fig. 7 shows the detailed cross-sectional of the liquid metal jet according to example；
Fig. 8 shows another example of liquid metal jet；
The example of radiation properties that Fig. 9 shows liquid metal jet with schematic cross-section and obtained；
Figure 10 shows the example of the stepping arrangement of the common stepping for liquid metal jet；
Figure 11 shows the example of aperture structure that liquid metal jet provided with schematic cross-section；
Figure 12 shows the example of the system for phase contrast x-ray imaging with schematic setting；
Figure 13 shows the example of the x-ray imaging system of C-arm structure type；And
Figure 14 shows the example of the basic step of the method for generating X-ray radiation.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the multi x-ray beam X-ray source 10 including anode construction 12 and cathode construction 14.Anode construction 12 wraps
Include multiple liquid metal jets 16 (seeing also Fig. 2) that a plurality of focal line 18 is provided.Cathode construction 14 provides electron beam configuration 20, described
Sub- electron beam 22 is fed to each liquid metal jet 16 by electron beam configuration 20.Liquid metal jet 16 is each by sub- electron beam
22 hit along the smaller electron bombardment part 24 of the half in the ratio ring week of ring perimeter surface and (see also Fig. 7).Electron bombardment is in electronics
After impacting on part 24, X-ray radiation 26 is generated, there is provided multiple X-ray beams, i.e., for each electron bombardment part (focal line)
There is a beam (or different beam parts).
" multi x-ray beam X-ray source " is also known as multi x-ray electron gun or Multi-Beam X-Ray source.
According to the present invention, in order to create numerous fine rule x-ray focal spots, sun is used as using numerous parallel liquid metal jets
Pole.Multiple electron beams are that more sub- electron beams are directed on liquid metal jet, wherein, sub- electron beam is each directed into institute
On the metal jet of distribution.
Liquid metal jet (being not further indicated) is provided in vacuum structure.
Multi x-ray beam X-ray source 10 generates the X-ray radiation for being mainly used in being imaged purpose.The spoke absorbed by aperture structure
The amount penetrated is lowered to minimum value.Therefore, the generation of unwanted X-ray radiation will be minimized or avoided completely.
Term " electron bombardment part " refers to the part by electronic impact, i.e., electron bombardment is in part thereon.At one
In example, about 2/3rds of the half more all than ring of electron bombardment part 24 are smaller.For example, electron bombardment part 24 is than ring week
About a quarter it is smaller.Term " ring week " is related to the ring contour of the cross section of liquid metal jet 16 and the ring contour
Length.Relative to the electron beam from the impact of direction, thereby, it is ensured that the only part of liquid metal jet 16 rather than towards electricity
The whole surface of beamlet is described towards the whole of electron beam in the case of the electron bombardment from a direction by electronic impact
Surface will be all half of ring.
As previously mentioned, anode construction 12 provides multiple X-ray beams 26.X-ray source with its multiple X-ray beam 26
10 structure is caused by anode construction 12.Focal line 18 provides discrete x-ray source.
For example, the aperture structure 28 for including multiple X ray beam orifices 30 can be provided, the multiple X ray beam orifice 30
Each it is placed on before focal line 18.In order to stop the X-ray radiation on undesirable direction, there is provided the opaque portion of X ray
32 are divided to separate X ray beam orifice 30.Although it must be noted, however, that show aperture structure 28, aperture structure on Fig. 1
28 be not the necessary part in multi x-ray beam X-ray source, and is therefore illustrated as optional feature.
For example, liquid metal jet is arranged parallel to each other.Shown as shown in Fig. 2 of the top view of Fig. 1 arrangement, show
Liquid metal jet 16 is gone out.First pattern 34 indicates the offer to focal line 18, as indicated using multiple arrows 36, electronics quilt
It is directed to the focal line 18, forms the sub- electron beam of the smaller electron bombardment part 24 of half in the ratio ring week for hitting ring perimeter surface
22.Another pattern 38 indicates to be shown as the X ray opaque section 32 of the aperture structure 28 of option as noted above.Separately
Outside, arrow z indicates the spatial orientation in addition to the x-y structure shown in Fig. 1.
Small arrow 40 indicates the flow direction of liquid metal jet.Liquid metal jet is illustrated as being located parallelly and had
There is identical flow direction.In another example (not shown), liquid metal jet can be provided with the flow direction of alternation.
Focal line 18 is also referred to as the focal spot of linearity configuration.
As previously mentioned, electron beam configuration 20 includes more sub- electron beams 22.Sub- electron beam 22 is also referred to as electronics
Beam or sub- electron beam.
Fig. 3 shows the electron beam configuration 20 of the multiple 42 independent electron beams 44 including being supplied as sub- electron beam 22
Example.3rd pattern 46 indicates generated X-ray radiation.
Fig. 4 shows that electron beam configuration 20 includes the Single Electron for being fed to liquid metal jet 16 in this way
The example of beam 48, i.e. liquid metal jet 16 cause all half of the ratio ring of only ring perimeter surface more to provide each other with mask or shade
Hit by the part of Single Electron beam 48 small part.Therefore, each in liquid metal jet 16 is to be propagated in electron beam
Respective close metal jet 16 provides mask on direction, and the electron beam direction of propagation is the arrow using Single Electron beam 48
First 50 indicate.For example, liquid metal jet 16 is placed at least partly in mutual electron beam shade.
Fig. 5 shows that focal line 18 and liquid metal thus are penetrated in the case where liquid metal jet 16 has identical structure
Stream 16 is disposed in the example at least one plane, and at least one plane is using not with utilizing in the instruction of arrow 54
Orthogonal heart Shu Fangxiang dotted line 52 indicates.Therefore, indicated angle 56 is less than 90 degree.It is for example, promoted by realizing
Electro-optic structure.In addition, this also supports the applicability that differential phase contrast is imaged.Term " central beam direction " refers to the independence of focal line
The direction arranged in parallel of X-ray beam.
According to another example (not shown), focal line 18 is disposed in the plane orthogonal with central beam direction 54.
As indicated above, focal line 18 is disposed at least one plane.If liquid metal jet 16 all has
Identical cross section, particularly same diameter, then liquid metal jet 16 be also arranged in one plane.However, it is also possible to
Different jet diameters is provided, causes to have the different arrangements of slightly angled plane, or the plane with focal line and
Different arrangements of the jet not in the plane.
Another example according to Fig. 6, focal line are disposed at least two planes, and at least two plane is profit
Indicated with two dotted lines 58,60 in Fig. 6.As shown in an example, the plane is parallel to each other.
In another example (being not further indicated), the plane is not parallel to each other but inclined.
(also it is not shown) according to another example, plane (such as plane 58,60) is orthogonal with central beam direction 54.
With reference to figure 6, at least two planes (such as two planes, three planes, four planes, five planes or it is any more
The plane of high number) it is not orthogonal with central beam direction 54.
On the arrangement of the liquid metal jet 16 in numerous planes (such as two planes), with from source to target away from
From compared to the distance in y directions being metal jet on the direction parallel with central beam direction 54 can be small.This is provided pair
The promotion of the design of electro-optic structure and liquid metal jet, and also improve the applicability of differential phase contrast imaging.Electricity
Beamlet structure 20 may be provided in for many multilevel Single Electron beams, or for being disposed in each plane
The independent Single Electron beam of liquid metal jet.
In another example, each liquid metal jet 16 can also be directed to electronics independent as described above is provided
Beam 44.
Fig. 7 shows that sub- electron beam 22 hits liquid metal jet 16 for the more detailed of generation X-ray radiation 46
View, this is indicated using a plurality of line 62.Further it is necessary to point out, the absorption part 32 of aperture structure 28 is illustrated as optionally
.
First indicates for example to be arranged with the electronics of the cathode construction of the liquid metal jet of circular cross section compared with thick line 64
Part 24 is impacted, wherein, electron bombardment part is smaller than the half in ring week.
Sub- electron beam 22 is placed on metal jet 16 so that entire field is covered by each X-ray beam.It is also put
It is set to so that X ray brightness is maximum.Due to 1/sin (anode angle) law of brightness, that is, enter by the size division in source through limit
The flux of photon in fixed Space Angle, this requires that electron beam is laterally placed as far as possible from center.Limit is imitated by heel
It should limit.
High-high brightness (the minimum optics focal zone with maximum electron current density) is along by maximum normal electrical
The section of the liquid metal beam of the line of current density occurs.The line of maximum normal electrical current density is vertical with the plane of accompanying drawing
Ground is advanced and the roundlet 66 that is utilized in Fig. 7 indicates.For example, the line of maximum normal current density is the transverse direction in electron beam
Current density is the situation of constant.
First dotted line 68 shows the plane of high-high brightness.Visual field 60 is provided between online 68 and another dotted line 72.Profit
It is partially disposed in what the first radiation pattern 74 indicated around central beam direction 54, X-ray radiation is concentrated in instruction.Second radiation
Pattern 76 indicates the part being disposed on the both sides of core, indicates the penumbra of visual field.
In example, using suitable negative electrode, and in order in the case where not making metal jet thermal overload by total X ray
Flux maximizes, and electron beam density can be uneven so that (power is close for the power density substantially equilibrium on metal jet
Spend ≈ 1/sin (angle of shock)).
In another example shown in Fig. 8, because metal jet can be subjected to indicating using arrow 78 in x-ray system
Centrifugal force, therefore can make jet into using angle of revolution 80 indicate angle so that the parabolic flight path of metal with just
The plane 82 for meeting at central beam direction 54 is maximumlly alignd.Fig. 7 is by Fig. 8's at the point of the contacting metal jet of plane 82
Heartcut.
Fig. 9 shows the impact electronics of liquid metal jet 16 and sub- electron beam 22.First chart 84 instruction left side beam
Brightness, effective focal spot width, and brightness, the effective focal spot width of the Deictic Center beam of the second chart 86, and the 3rd chart 88
It is related to right side beam.In the graph, figure line 90 indicates obvious focal spot X-ray intensity distribution map, such as using focal spot camera never
It is equidirectional visible, and arrow 92 indicates the half width (HWFM) at full peak.Because X ray fans covering all directions, thus it is burnt
Spot shows equal size on each direction not on the x-ray image.
According to another example, liquid metal jet 16 is provided with jet diameter, and the jet diameter is utilized in Fig. 7
Line 94 is measured to indicate, the jet diameter is, for example, the penetration depth size of the electronics of the generation of X ray in phase contrast imaging
It is approximate twice.
For example, liquid metal jet 16 be provided with it is bigger than the penetration depth of the electronics of the generation of X ray in phase contrast imaging
Small approximate smaller twice jet diameter 94.
The penetration depth of electronics can be 5 microns.
For example, liquid metal jet 16 is provided with 10 microns or 5 microns of jet diameter 94.
This provides the limitation for the penetration depth for being less than electronics to the physical width of each focal line, and being can not using block target
Realize.So, the optical focus width of X ray light is even more small.
(it is not further indicated) according to another example, the shape of liquid metal jet 16 is not circular.For example, shape is
Avette or ellipsoid.
(it is not further indicated) according to another example, it is to shape that liquid metal jet, which depends on tube voltage,.For example, liquid
The diameter of state metal jet depends on tube voltage.In another example, the shape of liquid metal jet depends on tube voltage.
For example, provide the figurability depending on tube voltage by mechanical arrangement (being not further indicated).Such as, there is provided
Regulation to pump pressure, adjustable nozzles etc..Figure 10 shows another example in multi x-ray beam X-ray source 10, wherein, step
Enter the common stepping that arrangement 100 is provided for the liquid metal jet using the instruction of double-head arrow 102.
For example, the stepping of jet may be provided in the mechanical stepping for the nozzle arrangements for providing liquid metal jet.Another
In one example (not shown), the stepping of jet may be provided in the liquid metal of the length at least along the jet for providing focal line
The electrostatic or magnetic displacement of jet.For example, provide magnetic displacement by means of the electric current of jet transmission.
In the case of aperture structure, aperture structure can also carry out stepping together with liquid metal jet.
For example, as indicated in figure 10, the stepping of jet causes the stepping of generated X-ray radiation, shows in Figure 10
Go out the possible position 104 of liquid metal jet 16, cause the diverse location 106 of generated X-ray radiation.
Stepping can be used for stepping required in phase contrast imaging and integral arrangement.Due to larger acceptable tolerance, this
Kind phase contrast stepping has advantage than stepping of the analyzer grid to phase trellis.
Figure 11 shows the example in the multi x-ray beam X-ray source 10 with aperture structure 110, the quilt of aperture structure 110
The linear opening 112 being provided between separator segment 114, the separator segment 114 are by multiple liquid from X-ray absorption material
What jet 116 was formed.For example, the multiple liquid metal jet flow is made up of X ray opaque material.
As indicated in Figure 11, single liquid metal jet flow can form separator segment 114, or it is many identical or differently
The liquid metal jet flow of formation.Therefore, as indicated by line 118, the X-ray radiation generated by liquid metal jet 16 can be through via
Gauge structure 110.
Figure 12 shows the system 200 for phase contrast x-ray imaging with schematic setting.System 200 includes x-ray source
202nd, phase grating 204, analyser gratings 206 and X-ray detector 208.Intended recipient space 210 is provided at X ray
Between source 202 and phase grating 204, such as receiving target 212.In addition, the Deictic Center beam axle of dotted line 214.Graphic structure
216 projection to target 212 in a manner of very schematical in indication detector plane 208.X-ray source 202 is provided as
According to the x-ray source 10 of one of above-mentioned example, there is provided as the coherent X-ray indicated by the cable architecture of X-ray radiation 202
Radiation.
Figure 13 shows the x-ray imaging system 300 with C-arm structure 302, and the x-ray imaging system 300 has
Source 304 and be installed to C-arm 308 opposite end detector 306.Can according to it is above-mentioned be used for phase contrast X ray into
The system 200 of picture provides source 304 and detector 306.The permission source of C-arm structure 302/detector around etc. center 310 move.
Such as, there is provided patient support 312 is to receive patient.
It must be noted, however, that other x-ray imaging systems can also be provided with the x-ray source of such as fixed installation/
X-ray detector is arranged.In addition, as described above, the x-ray imaging systems of other forms (such as with circular gantry
CT structures) system 200 for phase contrast imaging can also be provided with.
In addition to medical imaging, including multi x-ray beam X-ray source 10 as described above be used for phase contrast X ray into
The system 200 of picture is also suitable for other purposes, such as control of material or safety inspection.
Figure 14 shows the method 400 for generating the X-ray radiation for phase contrast x-ray imaging.Method 400 includes life
Into the first step 402 for the multiple liquid metal jets for providing a plurality of focal line.In second step 404, there is provided by sub- electronics
Beam is fed to each liquid metal jet.In third step 406, there is provided by electron bombardment on liquid metal jet come
X-ray radiation is generated, wherein, sub- electron beam hits the smaller electron bombardment part of the half in the ratio ring week along ring perimeter surface
Hit liquid metal jet.First step 402 is also referred to as step a), and second step 404 is referred to as step b), and third step
406 are referred to as step c).
In another one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a kind of computer program or computer program element, its
It is characterised by, it is suitable to the method and step that the method according to one of previous embodiment is run in appropriate system.Therefore, calculate
Machine program element can be stored on computer unit, and the computer unit can also be the portion of embodiments of the invention
Point.The computing unit can also be adapted for carrying out the step of method described above, or induce to method described above
The step of execution.In addition, its part for may be adapted to operate device described above.Computing unit may be adapted to automatically
Operation and/or the order of operation user.Computer program can be loaded into the working storage of data processor.Therefore,
Data processor can be provided as the method for performing the present invention.
The present invention the one exemplary embodiment cover from the beginning using the present invention computer program and by
Existing program is become using both computer programs of program of the present invention in renewal.
Further, computer program element can provide the exemplary reality for meeting method as described above
Apply all steps necessarys of the flow of example.
According to another one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, it is proposed that such as CD-ROM computer-readable medium, wherein, meter
Calculation machine computer-readable recording medium has the computer program element being stored thereon, and the computer program element is described by preceding sections
's.Computer program can be stored/distributed on suitable medium, such as is provided together with other hardware or hard as other
The optical storage medium or solid state medium that the part of part provides, but can also be distributed otherwise, such as via because of spy
Net or other wired or wireless telecommunication systems.However, computer program can also be present on the network such as WWW,
And in the working storage that data processor can be downloaded to from such network.According to the another exemplary of the present invention
Embodiment, there is provided for manufacturing the medium available for the computer program element downloaded, the computer program element is by cloth
It is set to the method performed according to one of previously described embodiments of the invention.
It must be noted that describe embodiments of the invention with reference to different main bodys.Specifically, some embodiments are references
Method type claim describes, and other embodiments are reference unit claims to describe.However, according to
Upper and the following description, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that any combination except the feature to belonging to a type of theme
Outside, it is related to any combinations between the feature of different subjects and is also considered as the disclosure as set forth herein, unless otherwise noted.So
And the cooperative effect of the simple summation of feature by all combinations of features, can be exceeded with offer.
Although being described in detail in the description in accompanying drawing and above and describing the present invention, this explanation and description quilt
Be considered as it is illustrative or exemplary, it is and nonrestrictive.The invention is not restricted to the disclosed embodiments.Those skilled in the art are led to
Studying accompanying drawing, disclosure and claims are crossed, in the present invention of practice calls protection, it is to be understood that and realize to institute
Other modifications of disclosed embodiment.
In detail in the claims, word " comprising " is not excluded for other elements or step, and word "a" or "an" is not
Exclude multiple.Single processor or other units can meet the function of some projects described in claim.Although mutual
What is differed has been recited in mutually different dependent certain measures, but this does not indicate that the group that these measures cannot be used to advantage
Close.Any reference in claim is all not necessarily to be construed as the limitation to scope.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of multi x-ray beam X-ray source (10), including：
- anode construction (12) and cathode construction (14)；
Wherein, the anode construction includes the multiple liquid metal jets (16) for providing a plurality of focal line (18)；
Wherein, the cathode construction provides electron beam configuration (20), and the electron beam configuration provides for each liquid metal jet
Sub- electron beam (22)；
Wherein, the liquid metal jet is each by the ratio of ring perimeter surface of the sub- electron beam along the liquid metal jet
Hit the electron bombardment part (24) that the half in the ring week of the liquid metal jet is smaller.
2. multi x-ray beam X-ray source according to claim 1, wherein, the focal line is disposed at least one plane
(52) in.
3. multi x-ray beam X-ray source according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, the electron beam configuration includes being supplied as
Multiple (42) of the sub- electron beam independent electron beam (44).
4. multi x-ray beam X-ray source according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, the electron beam configuration is included by with so
Mode be fed to the Single Electron beam (48) of the liquid metal jet, i.e., described liquid metal jet is provides each other with mask
So that the smaller part of half in the ring week of liquid metal jet described in the ratio of the ring perimeter surface of only described liquid metal jet by
Hit the part of the Single Electron beam.
5. multi x-ray beam X-ray source according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, in the liquid metal jet is each
Respective close metal jet provides mask on the electron beam direction of propagation (50).
6. multi x-ray beam X-ray source according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, the liquid metal jet is provided with closely
The electronics of the sub- electron beam (22) of each liquid metal jet is arrived during the generation for being seemingly the X ray in phase contrast imaging
The jet diameter (94) of twice of the size of penetration depth.
7. multi x-ray beam X-ray source according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, the shape of the liquid metal jet is not
Circular.
8. multi x-ray beam X-ray source according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, the liquid metal jet depends on pipe electricity
Pressure is to shape.
9. multi x-ray beam X-ray source according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, the liquid metal jet is at an angle of so that
Maximumlly alignd with being orthogonal to the plane of central X-ray beam in the parabolic flight path of metal.
10. multi x-ray beam X-ray source according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, stepping arrangement (100) is provided for institute
State the common stepping of liquid metal jet.
11. multi x-ray beam X-ray source according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, aperture structure (110) is provided with to be penetrated by X
Linear opening between the separator segment that multiple liquid metal jet flows made of line absorption material are formed.
12. a kind of system (200) for phase contrast x-ray imaging, including：
- x-ray source (202)；
- phase grating (204)；
- analyser gratings (206)；And
- X-ray detector (208)；
Wherein, intended recipient space (210) are provided between the x-ray source and the phase grating；And
Wherein, the x-ray source is provided as the x-ray source according to any one of preceding claims.
13. a kind of method (400) for being used to generate the X-ray radiation for phase contrast x-ray imaging, comprises the following steps：
A) multiple liquid metal jets that (402) provide a plurality of focal line are generated；
B) (404) sub- electron beam is supplied for each liquid metal jet；And
C) (406) X-ray radiation is generated on the liquid metal jet by electron bombardment；Wherein, the liquid metal
Jet each as described in the ratio of ring perimeter surface of the sub- electron beam along the liquid metal jet liquid metal jet ring
Hit the electron bombardment part (24) that the half in week is smaller.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201361764043P | 2013-02-13 | 2013-02-13 | |
| US61/764,043 | 2013-02-13 | ||
| PCT/IB2014/058627 WO2014125389A1 (en) | 2013-02-13 | 2014-01-29 | Multiple x-ray beam tube |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105190823A CN105190823A (en) | 2015-12-23 |
| CN105190823B true CN105190823B (en) | 2017-11-17 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201480008739.5A Expired - Fee Related CN105190823B (en) | 2013-02-13 | 2014-01-29 | multi X-ray beam tube |
Country Status (5)
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|---|---|
| US (1) | US9767982B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2956954B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6277204B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105190823B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014125389A1 (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103171819B (en) | 2013-04-16 | 2015-11-25 | 葛兰素史克（中国）投资有限公司 | Liquid feeder |
| US10485492B2 (en) | 2014-11-11 | 2019-11-26 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Source-detector arrangement |
| US10117629B2 (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2018-11-06 | Board Of Supervisors Of Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College | High energy grating techniques |
| US10722201B2 (en) | 2015-07-27 | 2020-07-28 | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | Combination of an X-ray tube and a source grating with electron beam manipulation |
| JP2019523876A (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2019-08-29 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェＫｏｎｉｎｋｌｉｊｋｅ Ｐｈｉｌｉｐｓ Ｎ．Ｖ． | Apparatus for X-ray imaging of an object |
| WO2018134347A1 (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2018-07-26 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | X-ray source arrangement for generating x-ray radiation |
| EP3385976A1 (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2018-10-10 | Excillum AB | Vapour monitoring |
| WO2019222786A1 (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2019-11-28 | Micro-X Limited | A device for applying beamforming signal processing to rf modulated x-rays |
| US11237483B2 (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2022-02-01 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for controlling droplet in extreme ultraviolet light source |
| EP4075474A1 (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2022-10-19 | Excillum AB | Liquid jet target x-ray source |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1466860A (en) * | 2000-07-28 | 2004-01-07 | Method and apparatus for generating X-ray or EUV radiation | |
| CN102768931A (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2012-11-07 | 深圳大学 | X-ray source for wide-field X-ray phase-contrast imaging |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6831963B2 (en) * | 2000-10-20 | 2004-12-14 | University Of Central Florida | EUV, XUV, and X-Ray wavelength sources created from laser plasma produced from liquid metal solutions |
| US6711233B2 (en) | 2000-07-28 | 2004-03-23 | Jettec Ab | Method and apparatus for generating X-ray or EUV radiation |
| JP3897287B2 (en) | 2002-04-12 | 2007-03-22 | ギガフォトン株式会社 | LPP light source device |
| DE10306668B4 (en) * | 2003-02-13 | 2009-12-10 | Xtreme Technologies Gmbh | Arrangement for generating intense short-wave radiation based on a plasma |
| EP1731099A1 (en) | 2005-06-06 | 2006-12-13 | Paul Scherrer Institut | Interferometer for quantitative phase contrast imaging and tomography with an incoherent polychromatic x-ray source |
| SE530094C2 (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2008-02-26 | Jettec Ab | Method for generating X-rays by electron irradiation of a liquid substance |
| GB2441578A (en) | 2006-09-08 | 2008-03-12 | Ucl Business Plc | Phase Contrast X-Ray Imaging |
| US7693256B2 (en) | 2008-03-19 | 2010-04-06 | C-Rad Innovation Ab | Phase-contrast X-ray imaging |
| US7929667B1 (en) * | 2008-10-02 | 2011-04-19 | Kla-Tencor Corporation | High brightness X-ray metrology |
| WO2011070521A1 (en) | 2009-12-10 | 2011-06-16 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Calibration of differential phase-contrast imaging systems |
| US9287017B2 (en) | 2011-02-07 | 2016-03-15 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Differential phase-contrast imaging with increased dynamic range |
-
2014
- 2014-01-29 US US14/765,391 patent/US9767982B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-01-29 EP EP14706104.8A patent/EP2956954B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2014-01-29 CN CN201480008739.5A patent/CN105190823B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-01-29 WO PCT/IB2014/058627 patent/WO2014125389A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-01-29 JP JP2015556593A patent/JP6277204B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1466860A (en) * | 2000-07-28 | 2004-01-07 | Method and apparatus for generating X-ray or EUV radiation | |
| CN102768931A (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2012-11-07 | 深圳大学 | X-ray source for wide-field X-ray phase-contrast imaging |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US9767982B2 (en) | 2017-09-19 |
| US20150380200A1 (en) | 2015-12-31 |
| JP2016511924A (en) | 2016-04-21 |
| JP6277204B2 (en) | 2018-02-07 |
| EP2956954A1 (en) | 2015-12-23 |
| WO2014125389A1 (en) | 2014-08-21 |
| EP2956954B1 (en) | 2017-03-15 |
| CN105190823A (en) | 2015-12-23 |
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