CN105181036A - Middle-through-hole dynamic throttling element target type water meter - Google Patents
Middle-through-hole dynamic throttling element target type water meter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a middle-through-hole dynamic throttling element target type remote-reading water meter which is composed of the components of a middle-through-hole dynamic throttling element target, a meter housing, a meter housing cover and a sensor. The meter housing is hermetically connected with the meter housing cover for forming a water meter housing. The middle-through-hole dynamic throttling element target is arranged between the housing inlet and a housing outlet. After water flows in through the housing inlet, the majority of water flows through the middle through hole of the target, and the minority of water flows into an outer chamber through a communicating part between two chambers at the front end of the target and then flows back into an inner chamber through a communicating part between the two chambers at the back end of the target. After the majority of water and the minority of water are collected in the inner chamber, the collected water flows out of the housing outlet. The target is fixedly connected with one end of the sensor. The other end of the sensor is fixedly connected with the meter housing cover. According to the water meter, the advantages of the throttling device are more sufficiently exerted. The middle-through-hole dynamic throttling element has advantages of simpler structure, lower price, smaller resistance loss, longer service life, higher precision, better anti-blockage performance, wider application range, etc. Furthermore the middle-through-hole dynamic throttling element target type water meter has a wide development prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of instrument realizing discharge and detect in Automatic Measurement Technique field, particularly relate to remote transmitting water meter.
Background technology
Water meter is effective metering outfit of water metering charge and using water wisely management, and wherein, small-bore residents water meter accounts for the overwhelming majority of the total consumption of water meter.While Urban water supply realizes reading the ammeter directly, also bringing registers one's residence disturbs residents, difficulty of registering one's residence and unsafe factor.For solving the problems referred to above of checking meter of registering one's residence, the Ministry of Construction releases remote transmitting water meter and the large class intellectual water meter solution of IC-card table two, and has put into effect corresponding technical standard.Although intellectual water meter is industry developing direction from now on, at present in base table technology and Automatic meter reading, also have a lot of area for improvement, what the present invention proposed is exactly one about the new departure how improving essentic-water-meter technology.At present both at home and abroad the small diameter watermeter overwhelming majority uses mechanical water meter, even the base table of the intellectual water meter such as prepayment IC-card water meter and electronic remote transmission water meter, be also almost mechanical water meter entirely.Due to mechanical water meter have that accuracy of measurement is not high, poor reliability, serviceable life are short, be subject to the defect such as pipeline water quality impact and production quality control difficulty, release the new water meter base tables such as electromagnetism water meter, jet stream water meter, Ultrasonic water meter, vortex water meter successively in industry.Compared with mechanical water meter, the existing pressure loss of above-mentioned novel base table is little, measurement range is wide, accuracy advantages of higher, also has the disadvantage that cost is much higher.Therefore, design is a kind of based on dynamic restriction device, thus price and mechanical water meter very nearly the same, more more advantageous than the mechanical water meter again essentic-water-meter of performance just becomes the work that one has realistic meaning very much.
In field of flow measurement, the development of restriction device has a longer historical progress.At the beginning of the 17th century, the research of Castries and evangelista torricelli is just for theoretical foundation established by restriction device.The twenties in 20th century, some countries of US and European almost start the experimental study carrying out large-scale restriction device simultaneously, thereby produce so far still widely used differential pressure flowmeter.But it is very unfortunate, these American-European scientists are limited to the research mode of evangelista torricelli fixation type throttle element, do not perceive fixation type throttle element be in fact applicable to be laboratory work environment, the due all advantages of restriction device do not given play to by this differential pressure flowmeter causing them to develop.In order to give full play to the advantage performance of restriction device in flow measurement, patent applicant have developed various new dynamic throttling element flowmeter.As " built-in middle through-hole dynamic throttling element flowmeter " (patent No. ZL201210118468.1) and " flowmeter of middle through-hole movable throttling element connected with elastic membranes or corrugated tube " (patent No. ZL201110187493.0).Above-mentioned two kinds of flowmeters all adopt the core component of dynamic throttling element as flowmeter of the middle through-hole of orifice plate, nozzle or Venturi tube profile.Compare with differential pressure flowmeter, above-mentioned flow is in respect of following advantages.First, this flowmeter does not use pressure guiding pipe and bellows, but directly measures fluid to the thrust of dynamic throttling element, and thus structure is simpler, and price is also lower.Secondly, differential pressure flowmeter mainly uses orifice plate, and above-mentioned flowmeter mainly uses dynamic Venturi tube, and thus resistance to flow is little, long service life, measuring accuracy are also higher.Again, because above-mentioned flowmeter mainly uses dynamic Venturi tube, do not have pressure guiding pipe again, thus anti-clogging ability is also better than differential pressure flowmeter greatly.In addition, because above-mentioned flowmeter does not use pressure guiding pipe, thus can measure pipe with small pipe diameter flow, usable range is wider.In the above-mentioned dynamic throttling element flowmeter of patent applicant, need to connect a corrugated tube or flexible sheet in dynamic throttling element both ends or one end, to ensure that measured flux all flows through the middle through-hole of dynamic throttling element; In addition, target type meter or spinner-type flowmeter are also dynamic throttling element flowmeters, their dynamic throttling element is the disk target or the rotor that are positioned at measuring channel central authorities, and disk target or rotor do not have middle through-hole, and detected fluid flows through from disk target or the annular gap between rotor and measuring channel.In view of above-mentioned 2 points, consider that middle through-hole dynamic throttling element and disk target are dynamic throttling element again, therefore, if replace disk target with middle through-hole dynamic throttling element, can design a kind of middle through-hole dynamic throttling element flowmeter not needing the new structure connecting corrugated tube or flexible sheet, and many performances of this flowmeter are better than target type meter.Owing to having through hole in the middle part of middle through-hole dynamic throttling element, do not have the characteristic feature of target in shape, just effect is similar to target, therefore can be referred to as class target, is called class target type meter by using the flowmeter of class target.Having the advantages that structure is simple, cost is low, various aspects of performance is excellent and be suitable for pipe with small pipe diameter flow measurement according to the middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target formula water meter that above-mentioned class target type meter is designed, is a kind of resultant effect preferably water meter.
Summary of the invention
Because existing various remote transmitting water meter is not that price is more expensive, be exactly that performance is not good, therefore, need to develop a kind of new-style electronic remote transmitting water meter high based on the cost performance of middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts for its technical requirement of solution is as follows: as shown in Figure of description, and the water meter of development is a kind of middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target formula water meter, is made up of middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target, watchcase, watchcase lid and sensor, watchcase and watchcase lid are tightly connected composition water meter case, the water inflow side of regulation middle through-hole dynamic throttling element this tubular of class target or circle shape part is front end, the water outflow side of this tubular or circle shape part is rear end, this tubular or circle shape part are inside surface at the middle through-hole parts surface of radially inner side, this tubular or circle shape part are outside surface at the parts surface of radial outside, middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target is positioned between case entrances duct and housing outlets duct, housing cavity is separated into two chambers interconnected, one is by watchcase inlet port, the middle through-hole of middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target, the internal chamber of watchcase outlet duct composition, one is be positioned at watchcase inside surface, exterior chamber between watchcase interior surface and middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target outside surface, after water flows into from watchcase inlet port, major part water flows through the middle through-hole of middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target, fraction water flows into exterior chamber from two chamber of middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target front end, internal chamber is flowed back to again from two chamber of middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target rear end, two parts water is after internal chamber is converged again, flowed out by watchcase outlet duct, middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target is fixedly connected with one end of sensor, the other end of sensor is fixedly connected with watchcase lid.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, compared with differential pressure flowmeter, this water meter is the same with existing patent " flowmeter of middle through-hole movable throttling element connected with elastic membranes or corrugated tube ", has the advantages such as structure is simple, price is low, drag losses is little, long service life, precision are high, anti-clogging, applied range.Compared with target type meter, due to the design feature of class target, class target formula water meter is easy to two major defects overcoming target type meter, namely overcomes it and easily produces temperature drift by medium temperature variable effect, anti-overload ability these two shortcomings poor; At both aspect of performances, because middle through-hole dynamic throttling element mainly uses dynamic Venturi tube, therefore dynamic venturi tubing target formula water meter drag losses is less, anti-clogging ability is stronger and can measure pipe with small pipe diameter flow.And, identical with existing patent " flowmeter of middle through-hole movable throttling element connected with elastic membranes or corrugated tube ", middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target formula water meter foundation be also the discharge characteristic (Throttle Principle) more basic than other water meter measuring principles such as eddy currents, electromagnetic type, ultrasound waves, thus than their adaptability and reliability higher.Such as, when measuring condition substantial deviation allowed band (being mixed with a large amount of bubble or sensitive element fouling in as water), water is do not have too large change to the thrust that dynamic throttling element produces, and is thus exactly that measuring error increases at most; The measuring error of the water meters such as eddy currents, electromagnetic type, ultrasonic type is generally then much bigger, and the measurement function of these water meters even may be made to lose efficacy.Finally, what this water meter was better than existing patent " flowmeter of middle through-hole movable throttling element connected with elastic membranes or corrugated tube " is, except structure is simpler, price lower except, due to flexible sheet or corrugated tube need do not connected on middle through-hole dynamic throttling element, manufacturer more easily produces water meter model machine to carry out performance verification, is more conducive to applying of middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target formula water meter.From above-mentioned, this water meter has pole vast potential for future development.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure principle chart of second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structure principle chart of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structure principle chart of the 4th embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structure principle chart of the 5th embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structure principle chart of the 6th embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the structure principle chart of the 7th embodiment of the present invention.
1. dynamic venturi tubing target, 2. diplopore semi-girder, 3. foil gauges in figure, 4. watchcase, 5. watchcase lid, 6. Encapsulated electric cable connector, 7. coupling bolt, 8. sounding rod, 9. flexible tubing elastic body, 10. electric capacity moving electrode, 11. electric capacity stationary electrodes, 12. electric capacity read chip, 13. elastic tubes, 14. cup-shaped sounding rods, 15. insulation supporter rods, 16. wire holes, 17. pedestals, 18. flexible filter media, 19. watchcase duct insulating inner linings, 20. bolt heat insulating washers, 21. watchcase lid heat-insulating and sealing packing rings, 22. bolt thermal sleeves, 23. dynamic orifice plate class targets.
Embodiment
In seven embodiments, only have employed dynamic orifice plate class target 23 in embodiment seven, in all the other six embodiments, in order to reduce fluid resistance losses and prevent dirt from assembling, middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target all adopts dynamic venturi tubing target 1, and dynamic venturi tubing target 1 is also the most frequently used middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target of class target formula water meter.But in some application scenario, the dynamic venturi tubing target 1 in the first six embodiment also can be replaced by dynamic orifice plate class target 23 or dynamic nozzle class target, because other parts of water meter all can keep original structure form constant, therefore repeats no longer one by one.The middle through-hole dynamic throttling element being commonly used to do class target has Venturi tube, dynamic orifice plate and dynamic nozzle, in actual applications, these dynamic Venturi tubes, dynamic orifice plate and dynamic nozzle both can be standard knot fluid element certainly, also various non-standard restricting element can be adopted, as adopted various off-gauge throttling orifice plate.In addition, for making word simpler and clearer, in the accompanying drawing of each embodiment, part position relations specifies: be front with left side, after with right side being.
Embodiment one
In the implementation of figure 1, dynamic venturi tubing target 1 is between watchcase 4 import and outlet duct, the elastic sensing element of force snesor adopts diplopore semi-girder 2, and diplopore semi-girder 2 upper end is fixed on watchcase lid 5, and lower end is fixed together by coupling bolt 7 and dynamic venturi tubing target 1.After water flows into from watchcase 4 import, major part current form master stream through dynamic venturi tubing target 1 middle through-hole, owing to there is pressure reduction before and after dynamic venturi tubing target 1, under this pressure differential, fraction water driven venturi tubing target 1 front end ring slit flow goes out to exterior chamber formation tributary, this tributary flows into internal chamber from exterior chamber through dynamic annulus, venturi tubing target 1 rear end again, again converges with master stream and exports outflow by watchcase 4.When water flows through dynamic venturi tubing target 1, the flow of water is larger, the thrust of water to dynamic venturi tubing target 1 is also larger, this thrust is delivered on diplopore semi-girder 2 by dynamic venturi tubing target 1, diplopore semi-girder 2 produces the strain corresponding with thrust, make just be attached to diplopore semi-girder 2 respectively, the resistance of the foil gauge 3 in negative strain district produces differential change, the measuring bridge of force snesor is constituted by these foil gauges 3, therefore the differential change of resistance makes bridge output voltage change, the electric signal corresponding with measured flux is exported again after amplifier in force snesor processes further with treatment circuit (not shown in FIG.).
In order to the needs of water meter the signal is far passed, in force snesor, amplifier and treatment circuit have employed the XTR115 type two-wire system current transducer of 8 pin single-chips, and its communication is unified, without the need to laying communication cable separately again with supply line.This water meter adopts every unit to establish a summary table, and the mode of operation of each household one submeter (or some submeters), significantly to reduce the cost of each household submeter.The submeter of each household self does not establish power supply, is powered by above-mentioned two communications, power supply bridging line by the power supply of distant place summary table.The instantaneous water yield that water supply only measured in real time by submeter, the integrating carrying out accumulated water volume to the instantaneous water yield of each table by summary table unification are also unified to each sub-meter power supply.The intelligent summary table of usual use and simulated submeter, summary table is to each submeter time sharing power supply, and namely only when sampling to certain block submeter to read its instantaneous water yield value, just to its power supply, this had both substantially reduced summary table power supply capacity, substantially reduced again the power consumption of each piece of submeter.When submeter output is 4 ~ 20mA direct current signal, when total apparent source is 24V DC voltage, sampling time 4s, sampling switch closure time <0.02s, then every block submeter moon power consumption only 1 degree.Although this power consumption is more than the power consumption of the photoelectric direct-reading remote transmitting water meter be only just energized when reading aggregate-value, this power consumption obviously can meet the requirement of water meter economical operation, in addition it also has the possibility reduced further.In addition, due to submeter output is the direct current signal that 4 ~ 20mA lives zero point, makes intelligent summary table be easy to judge each submeter broken string and short trouble.
Compared with the profile of classical venturi tube, because dynamic venturi tubing target formula water meter does not have pressure pipe, the inlet cylinders section of classical venturi tube set by pressure and cylindrical throat all do not have necessity with a grain of salt, and therefore the profile of dynamic venturi tubing target 1 only has circular cone contraction section and circular cone diffuser.In addition, for shortening dynamic venturi tubing target 1 length, the cone angle of circular cone contraction section is taken as 40 °, and the cone angle of circular cone diffuser is taken as 15 °.At diameter than in the scope of β=0.4 ~ 0.75, dynamic venturi tubing target 1 total length is approximately 1.5 ~ 2.0 times of caliber.Because the length of dynamic venturi tubing target 1 is significantly smaller than classical venturi tube, when β >0.6, its crushing is even less than classical venturi tube.When maximum flow and dynamic venturi tubing target 1 bore constant, diameter is larger than β, and crushing is less, and dynamic venturi tubing target 1 is also shorter, but the maximum thrust that water produces on dynamic venturi tubing target 1 is also less, higher to the requirement of force snesor.The maximum thrust produced on dynamic venturi tubing target 1 due to water is more much smaller than dynamic orifice plate class target 23, therefore needs the force snesor using small-range.As designed small-measuring range force transducer according to a conventional method, then the rigidity of its flexible member must be made very little, but this to cause the performance index such as the non-linear, repeated, delayed of force snesor and creep to degenerate, and does not reach the requirement of pin-point accuracy.At present, usually adopt the design proposal of the aluminium alloy diplopore cantilever beam structure flexible member of low elastic modulus solve sensitivity and rigidity this to contradiction.After adopting above-mentioned diplopore cantilever beam structure, owing to foil gauge 3 being attached to the stress raiser of diplopore semi-girder 2, even if the power acted in whole range ability on diplopore semi-girder 2 is all very little, the amount of deflection of beam is also a micro-numerical value all the time, but the strain of pasting the generation of foil gauge 3 place at diplopore semi-girder 2 is larger, can meet the requirement of subsequent process circuit.
Because diplopore semi-girder 2 has, amount of deflection is little, strain is large, and the displacement of corresponding dynamic venturi tubing target 1 is also minimum, and can think that this water meter does not have movable member, thus its reliability is also higher.Meanwhile, owing to dynamic venturi tubing target 1 can be considered as fixed part, therefore according to the relation before and after fixation type throttle element between pressure reduction and measured flux, it can be analyzed.That is, according to the knowledge of known fixation type throttle element, in measured flux, the flow in master stream is larger, and the pressure reduction before and after dynamic venturi tubing target 1 is also larger; And the pressure reduction moved before and after venturi tubing target 1 is larger, under this pressure differential, the tributary flow flowing through dynamic venturi tubing target 1 exterior chamber is also larger.Obviously, with regard to flow and the mutual variation tendency of pressure reduction, master stream and tributary are positively related.When two variation tendencies are completely the same (namely for the discharge of two different sizes any in whole measurement range, its master stream is all identical with the ratio of the flow in tributary) time, (not when flowing through maximum master stream and maximum tributary sum in middle through-hole, water meter is exported to be adjusted to full scale by adjusting the range of water meter, but when flowing through maximum master stream in middle through-hole, water meter is exported be adjusted to full scale), can without the flow measurement of measuring shunt error on realization theory; Even if two variation tendencies are just roughly similar (namely for the flow of each different size in whole measurement range, its master stream is all roughly the same with the ratio of the flow in tributary), after being adjusted by range, the measuring shunt error of flow is also much smaller than tributary flow.
Measuring bridge due to four foil gauges 3 formations is in watchcase 4 and forms in the pressure environment in housing with watchcase lid 5, in order to not destroy the sealing of housing, measuring bridge output terminal and power end cable must lead to force snesor subsequent process circuit outside watchcase lid 5 through Encapsulated electric cable connector 6.Consider that glassware for drinking water has the characteristic making short circuit, need relevant treatment foil gauge 3 and connection cable thereof being done to insulating protective layer.In addition, due to lower to the requirement of the physical strength of dynamic venturi tubing target 1 own, simultaneously also in order to reduce out-of-level diplopore semi-girder 2 strain error caused of water pump composite, dynamic venturi tubing target 1 adopts lighter non-metallic material to make.Adopt non-metallic material that venturi tubing target 1 middle through-hole also can be made more less scaling, cost is also lower.
Said above, due to the design feature of dynamic venturi tubing target 1, be easy to overcome two major defects that target type meter is difficult to overcome in class target formula water meter, namely overcome it and easily produce temperature drift by medium temperature variable effect, anti-overload ability these two shortcomings poor.The solution of temperature drift will be introduced in embodiment four, how overload-resistant first introduce here.The distance between the rear end face of dynamic venturi tubing target 1 annular and the front end face of watchcase 4 outlet duct annular is suitably selected during design, under making specifying measurement condition, diplopore semi-girder 2 maximum defluxion is less than this distance, two annular end faces are not in contact with each other mutually, can not affect normal measurement.But when there is abnormal large pulse flow, the displacement backward that then dynamic venturi tubing target 1 exceeds standard makes the rear end face of its annular contact with the front end face of fixed watchcase 4 outlet duct annular, excessive thrust is delivered on watchcase 4, prevents it from damaging diplopore semi-girder 2.
Embodiment two
In the embodiment of fig. 2, can find out that the embodiment of the present embodiment and Fig. 1 structurally has a lot of something in common, just both force snesor are different.In the present embodiment, the flexible member of force snesor have employed the flexible tubing elastic body 9 of thin cylindrical wall, and dynamic venturi tubing target 1 is fixedly connected on sounding rod 8 lower end, and the sounding rod 8 upper end cylinder top cover thicker with flexible tubing elastic body 9 is fixedly connected with.When water flows through dynamic venturi tubing target 1, being flowing in of water dynamic venturi tubing target 1 creates a thrust corresponding with discharge, this thrust is delivered on flexible tubing elastic body 9 by sounding rod 8, flexible tubing elastic body 9 thin cylinder produces Moment, be close to the measuring bridge out of trim that four foil gauges 3 on flexible tubing elastic body 9 outside surface form, the unbalance voltage produced corresponding to thrust size exports, and force snesor subsequent conditioning circuit does process and known measured flux size further by exporting this voltage.
Above-mentioned flexible tubing elastomer structure form is the version that current novel target type meter is conventional, is venturi tubing target 1 unlike here sounding rod 8 is fixing below, and fixing below novel target type meter be disk target.Because dynamic venturi tubing target 1 adopts non-metallic material manufacture, therefore its disk target unlike metal material is heavy how many.As can be seen from Figure 2, due to the design feature of dynamic venturi tubing target, identical with the situation in embodiment one, the poor problem of novel target type meter anti-overload ability can be well solved, and repeats no more here.Equally, novel target type meter easily can see embodiment four by the solution of medium temperature variable effect generation temperature drift.At aspect of performance, due to the features of shape of Venturi tube, when water flows through the middle through-hole of dynamic venturi tubing target 1, the eddy region that water flow produces is very little, and therefore dynamic venturi tubing target 1 is less than the drag losses of disk target a lot, anti-clogging ability is also stronger.Again because water mainly flows through dynamic venturi tubing target 1 middle through-hole, and unlike target type meter, water needs to flow through the annulus between disk target and measuring tube, because this type of target formula water meter can measure the flow of more pipe with small pipe diameter.
Embodiment three
In the embodiment of Fig. 3, can find out that the embodiment of the present embodiment and Fig. 1 structurally has a lot of something in common, just both sensors are different.In the present embodiment, have employed the capacitive displacement transducer of differential capacitive structure, its core parts are two groups of symmetrical electric capacity installed, i.e. two groups of variable element electric capacity of electric capacity moving electrode 10 composition of swinging with the elastic tube 13 on cup-shaped sounding rod 14 top of two panels fixed electric capacity stationary electrode 11 and two panels.Two groups of variable element electric capacity adopt differential capacitive structure, can improve sensitivity and the range ratio of water meter.As can be seen from Figure 3, venturi tubing target 1 is fixedly mounted on cup-shaped sounding rod 14, and cup-shaped sounding rod 14 is sealedly connected on elastic tube 13, and elastic tube 13 is sealedly connected on pedestal 17, and pedestal 17 is sealedly connected on watchcase lid 5.The differential capacitor value of two groups of variable element electric capacity inputs to electric capacity and reads chip 12, and electric capacity reads chip 12 and two chip capacitor stationary electrodes 11 are all fixedly mounted on insulation supporter rod 15, and signal, the power cable of electric capacity reading chip 12 are drawn by wire hole 16.Two chip capacitor moving electrodes 10 of two groups of variable element electric capacity can be subjected to displacement along with the minor shifts of cup-shaped sounding rod 14, and the position of two chip capacitor stationary electrodes 11 maintains static.When water flows through dynamic venturi tubing target 1 middle through-hole, and then make cup-shaped sounding rod 14 stressed, when electric capacity moving electrode 10 curves along with elastic tube 13 and produces minor shifts, the capacitance pole spacing of two groups of electric capacity all there occurs change: one group of capacitance pole spacing reduces, and capacitance increases; Another group capacitance pole spacing increases, and capacitance reduces.Originally symmetrically to install, two groups of electric capacity that capacitance is identical create a capacitive differential, thus indirectly achieve dynamic venturi tubing target 1 conversion between stressed and capacitive differential.As long as capacitive displacement transducer subsequent conditioning circuit does further process to this capacitive differential, just the output signal value corresponding with measured flux can be obtained.The above-mentioned measuring principle of capacitive displacement transducer can be summarized as follows.
If when dynamic venturi tubing target 1 is subject to water slug, stressed is F, and electric capacity moving electrode 10, with cup-shaped sounding rod 14, minor shifts Δ x occurs, and electric capacity origin pole spacing is d, and Δ x is very small relative to d, then differential capacitor value C and shifted by delta x exists following relation:
In formula,
,
-the capacitance of two groups of electric capacity;
; S--pole plate relative area.
Following relation can be drawn by above formula:
I.e. volumetric flow rate
there is linear relationship with the evolution of differential capacitor value C, therefore can judge the size of volumetric flow rate by detecting differential capacitor value.
Embodiment four
Fig. 4 is an embodiment suppressing temperature to be floated when measuring high-temperature water, can find out that the present embodiment is structurally almost identical with the embodiment of Fig. 1, just in order to reach the object effectively suppressing dynamic venturi tubing target formula temperature of surface water drift, in position add some heat insulating members.In order to make heat insulating member can see more clearly on figure, do not draw coupling bolt 7 in the diagram.Can see in the diagram, it is the conduction process of high-temperature water through watchcase 4, watchcase lid 5 pairs of diplopore semi-girders 2 that high-temperature water to the heat transfer path of diplopore semi-girder 2 mainly contains three: one; Two is that high-temperature water is through moving venturi tubing target to the conduction process 1 of diplopore semi-girder 2; Three are that high-temperature water in venturi tubing target 1 exterior chamber is directly to conduction process and the Convective Heat Transfer of diplopore semi-girder 2.Due to design feature and the low flow resistance low voltage difference characteristic thereof of dynamic venturi tubing target 1, therefore high-temperature water master stream flow is very large, tributary flow is very little, and can think exterior chamber two parts that housing cavity passive venturi tubing target 1 that watchcase 4 and watchcase lid 5 surround is separated into the internal chamber that flows through in master stream and tributary and flows through.For suppressing the temperature drift of class target formula water meter, will significantly reduce the heat transfer capacity being delivered to diplopore semi-girder 2 from high-temperature water.The Section 1 measure taked is, dynamic venturi tubing target 1 adopts the nonmetallic materials with heat-insulating properties to make, watchcase duct insulating inner lining 19 is installed additional in watchcase 4 import and export duct, and take the measure increasing tributary flow resistance to reduce tributary flow as far as possible, exterior chamber coolant-temperature gage just can be made to be starkly lower than internal chamber coolant-temperature gage.For improving this cooling measure effect, the junction of watchcase 4 import and export and external process pipe should install heat-insulating and sealing packing ring additional, and the coupling bolt of this junction should put thermal sleeve and install heat insulating mattress additional.The thermal sleeve of this junction coupling bolt and the using method of heat insulating mattress can see the diagrams of bolt thermal sleeve 22 and bolt heat insulating washer 20 in Fig. 4.For reducing secondary high-temperature water in exterior chamber further to the heat transfer capacity of diplopore semi-girder 2, the Section 2 measure taked is, when connecting watchcase 4 with watchcase lid 5, use watchcase lid heat-insulating and sealing packing ring 21, coupling bolt herein also should put thermal sleeve and install heat insulating mattress additional, to cut off high-temperature water heat by the good watchcase 4 of metal material, the heat transfer path of watchcase lid 5 to diplopore semi-girder 2 of thermal conductivity.Meanwhile, heat-barrier coating (not shown in FIG.) should also be applied at watchcase lid 5 inside surface and diplopore semi-girder 2 surface.Because above-mentioned simple measures significantly can reduce the heat transfer capacity from high-temperature water to diplopore semi-girder 2, therefore the present embodiment can effectively reduce class target formula temperature of surface water drifts about the error caused.
Embodiment five
Fig. 5 is an embodiment measuring dirty discharge, can find out that the present embodiment is structurally almost identical with the embodiment of Fig. 1, the annular gap place of two chambers inside and outside being communicated with just between the toric rear face and the annular anterior face of dynamic venturi tubing target 1 of watchcase 4 inlet port, and the annular gap place of two chambers is filled with flexible filter medium 18 inside and outside being communicated with between the toric rear face of dynamic venturi tubing target 1 and the annular anterior face of watchcase 4 outlet duct, the filtering layer that formation one is circular in each annular gap, there is weak flexible filtering layer can follow dynamic moving forward and backward of venturi tubing target 1 and do corresponding axial stretching, thus ensure that water tributary only has the exterior chamber that could pass in and out dynamic venturi tubing target 1 through each filtering layer.Flexible filter medium 18 can use spongy filter medium or fibrous filter media, and its flexibility refers to this filter medium under very little External Force Acting, just can change the shape of oneself by designing requirement.The connection of the circular filtering layer that flexible filter medium 18 is formed and dynamic venturi tubing target 1 can adopt velcro or other simple modes.Because the through hole bore of each circular filtering layer is identical with the bore of watchcase 4 import and export, there is automatic cleaning action on the surface of tangential flowing to filtering layer through hole of water, need for a long time so flexible filter medium 18 makes venturi tubing target 1 lose displacement capacity because of blocking, can Long-Time Service and need not changing.
Embodiment six
Fig. 6 is also an embodiment measuring dirty discharge, can find out what the present embodiment and the embodiment of Fig. 5 structurally do not have different, just in the application scenario that many tested water degree of foulings are very not serious, consider that the annular gap of tested water only before driven venturi tubing target 1 flows into exterior chamber, and the annular gap place after dynamic venturi tubing target 1, water flows back to internal chamber from exterior chamber, therefore, now only flexible filter medium 18 need be filled with in the annular gap place before dynamic venturi tubing target 1.
Embodiment seven
Fig. 7 is the embodiment of another kind of middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target, can find out that the present embodiment is structurally almost identical with the embodiment of Fig. 1, just the dynamic venturi tubing target 1 be in orifice plate class target 23 instead of Fig. 1 that is fixedly connected with of diplopore semi-girder 2 lower end in the figure 7.The advantage of dynamic orifice plate class target 23 is used to be that the thrust ratio acted under same discharge on dynamic orifice plate class target 23 uses dynamic venturi tubing target 1 much larger, is applicable to measuring the smaller occasion of measured flux lower limit.
Due to attainable embodiment huge number, the several preferred embodiment of above-described only the present invention, thus can not be used for limiting protection scope of the present invention by these embodiments.Such as, in water meter, selectable kind of sensor is obviously much more than that several sensor in seven embodiments, as also selected inductance type transducer, eddy-current transducer etc.In addition, sensor one end is fixedly connected with the middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target of dynamic nozzle class target or other types is also obviously feasible embodiment.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with scope described in claims.
Claims (1)
1. a middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target formula water meter, by middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target (1), watchcase (4), watchcase lid (5) and sensor composition, it is characterized in that: watchcase (4) and watchcase lid (5) are tightly connected composition water meter case, the water inflow side of regulation middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target (1) this tubular or circle shape part is front end, the water outflow side of this tubular or circle shape part is rear end, this tubular or circle shape part are inside surface at the middle through-hole parts surface of radially inner side, this tubular or circle shape part are outside surface at the parts surface of radial outside, middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target (1) is positioned between watchcase (4) inlet port and watchcase (4) outlet duct, housing cavity is separated into two chambers interconnected, one is by watchcase (4) inlet port, the middle through-hole of middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target (1), the internal chamber of watchcase (4) outlet duct composition, one is be positioned at watchcase (4) inside surface, exterior chamber between watchcase lid (5) inside surface and middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target (1) outside surface, after water flows into from watchcase (4) inlet port, major part water flows through the middle through-hole of middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target (1), fraction water flows into exterior chamber from two chamber of middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target (1) front end, internal chamber is flowed back to again from two chamber of middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target (1) rear end, two parts water is after internal chamber is converged again, flowed out by watchcase (4) outlet duct, middle through-hole dynamic throttling element class target (1) is fixedly connected with one end of sensor, the other end of sensor is fixedly connected with watchcase lid (5).
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| CN103175583A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2013-06-26 | 比尔克特韦尔克有限公司 | Mass flow measuring or controlling device |
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| JP2002310756A (en) * | 2001-04-18 | 2002-10-23 | Denso Corp | Air-flow-rate measuring device |
| JP2008116283A (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2008-05-22 | Tokyo Meeta Kk | Flow meter |
| CN101910801A (en) * | 2007-11-16 | 2010-12-08 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Venturi flow sensor |
| CN201583289U (en) * | 2009-09-08 | 2010-09-15 | 王可崇 | Dynamic throttle flowmeter with middle through hole |
| CN103175583A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2013-06-26 | 比尔克特韦尔克有限公司 | Mass flow measuring or controlling device |
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