CN105180849B - It is a kind of to be capable of measuring multiple while falling objects and the photoelectricity number sensor with cubing function - Google Patents
It is a kind of to be capable of measuring multiple while falling objects and the photoelectricity number sensor with cubing function Download PDFInfo
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- CN105180849B CN105180849B CN201510177386.8A CN201510177386A CN105180849B CN 105180849 B CN105180849 B CN 105180849B CN 201510177386 A CN201510177386 A CN 201510177386A CN 105180849 B CN105180849 B CN 105180849B
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Abstract
The number of object multiple while by sensor and the photoelectricity number sensor of volume can be measured the present invention provides one kind.Sensor of the invention can be while number of the measurement by the object of sensor; judge whether there is the damaged testee less than normal volume; the case where passing through sensor simultaneously less than the impurity of testee volume and multiple testees occurs; and counting grain machine is made to take counter-measure, improve the precision of counting grain machine.The present invention can be widely used on automatic counting grain machine, and the object that may be implemented to be counted does not need to fall one by one, but high speed counting grain machine that is multiple while falling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of for counting to object in movement and the sensor of cubing, especially a kind of base
In photoelectric measurement principle, it is capable of measuring object that is multiple while falling, and the wisp sensor for countering with cubing function.
Background technique
In industrial automation and other field, need to count the object in movement.Such as several in pharmacy industry
Packing machine needs count the powder bottled during bottling, to meet wanting for the powder per bottled quantity of having an agreement
It asks.Based on the photoelectricity number sensor of photoelectric measurement principle due to its high speed, reliably, it is widely used in several packing machines.
By taking several above-mentioned packing machines as an example, since powder has broken possibility, during bottling, it is desirable to be able to right
The volume of powder is judged, to reject the bottle that imperfect powder is housed.On the other hand, in packaging process, although using vibration
Dynamic mode makes powder be a sequence whereabouts, but it is also possible to the case where more powders occur while falling,
Need several sensors that can judge whether there is the case where more powders fall together appearance, if so, packing machine needs pick
Except the wrong medicine bottle of quantity.
Existing photoelectricity number sensor generallys use the time that measurement powder passes through photoelectricity number sensor, and (pulse is long
Degree) judge the volume of powder.But since the shape of powder is not all ball-type, when powder falls, pass through photoelectricity number
Posture (vertical, horizontal) when sensor determines that the fall time that photoelectric sensor measures, various whereabouts posture pass through biography
There are many time phase difference of sensor, and therefore, existing photoelectricity number sensor is utilized can not be accurate by the length of sensor pulse
The volume of powder is measured on ground, haves the shortcomings that the powder judgement fallen to broken powder and simultaneously is not allowed.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing deficiencies of prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind can judge multiple objects
Pass through and accurately measure simultaneously the photoelectricity number sensor of powder volume.Technical scheme is as follows: the sensor
Including by one group of transmitting tube (n, E1x, E2x ... Enx) side by side and one group corresponding thereto photoelectric receiving tube (n is a, R1x,
R2x ... Rnx) and its interlock circuit composition.D is divided between transmitting tube and reception pipe.
As further technical solution of the present invention, transmitting tube emits the light wave through ovennodulation, and reception pipe is by amplification, solution
It adjusts, output signal after Digital Signal Processing.
As further technical solution of the present invention, sequence circuit makes when one of transmitting tube Emx emits,
Reception pipe R1x, R2x ... Rnx receive transmitting tube E in ordermxTransmitting signal, Rnx complete receive the period after, next transmitting
Pipe E(m+1) xRepeat above-mentioned timing.Within a scan period, transmitting tube E1x, E2x ... En emit in order, the scan period week and
It renews, forms the optical path intensively intersected between transmitting tube and reception pipe.
As further technical solution of the present invention, reception pipe R1x, R2x ... Rnx is demodulated by amplification, at digital signal
After reason, the comparator of T2 and T1 are set into 2 threshold values, T2 is higher than T1, and comparator is equipped with certain return difference, comparator
The AND gate of output access n-channel.First comparator is alarm comparator, within a scan period, when any channel
Signal when being attenuated to lower than threshold value T2 but not dropping to T1 also, the output switching activity for comparator of alarming.The output switching activity of AND gate, gives
User provides alarm signal, and sensor is prompted to need to safeguard, such as removes dust, and adjustment receives the gain etc. of circuit.Second ratio
It is that movement comparator, when there is object to block any transmitting tube to the optical path of reception pipe, is put within a scan period compared with device
The intensity of big device output signal acts the output switching activity of comparator, with door lower than the threshold value (T1) of the movement comparator of setting
Output switching activity, sensor judgement have an object by sensor, and count is incremented for sensor.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, according to the output of alarm comparator and movement comparator, sensor can be real
Now it is self-regulated.By adjusting the emission current of luminous tube and receiving the gain of circuit, so that entering the signal one of alarm comparator
Directly maintain the level higher than T2.Sensor can carry out self-regulation or the first scanning week after object passes through in booting
It is self-regulated in phase.If emission current or the gain for receiving circuit are more than the limit set during self-regulation, pass
Sensor exports disablement signal.
As another preferred embodiment of the invention, comparator exports the I/O mouth that can access microprocessor, utilizes micro process
Device carries out further Digital Signal Processing.Using microprocessor, to the transmitting light in a scan period, being blocked and do not have
The timing for the transmitting light being blocked and position are analyzed, and then determine whether there is object by sensor, if having one
The case where above object passes through sensor simultaneously occurs, if so, how many object passes through sensor simultaneously.If object
Body is more than a scan period by time of sensor, can to the transmitting light being blocked in multiple scan periods and not by
The timing of the transmitting light blocked and position are analyzed, and then carry out more accurate meter to the quantity of the object by sensor
It calculates.
As another preferred embodiment of the invention, it is demodulated after analog signal output to have A/D micro- place
It manages in device.By microprocessor realization movement comparator and alarm comparator, the functions such as further Digital Signal Processing.
As another preferred embodiment of the invention, sensor is kept off in each scan period when being fallen using object analysis
Timing and the position of transmitting light and the transmitting light not being blocked firmly, acquire the section of the object in a scan period
Product by integrating to object by all scan periods of sensor, and then obtains the volume of the object by sensor.
As another preferred embodiment of the invention, sensor can be by emitting in different time, non-interfering multiple groups
Above-mentioned " combination of send-receive pipe " forms XY, the shape sensors such as octagonal, further increase sensor resolution ratio and
The precision of cubing.
Detailed description of the invention
The photoelectricity number sensor map that Fig. 1 is made of intensive cross path;
Fig. 2 is staggered form photoelectricity number sensor circuit block diagram;
Fig. 3 is comparison figure of the staggered form photoelectricity number sensor with correlation photoelectricity number sensor;
Fig. 4 is the object figure that the staggered form photoelectricity number sensor in the direction XY can tell 4 while fall;
Fig. 5 is 4 object figures that the correlation photoelectricity number sensor in the direction XY can not be told while fall;
Fig. 6 is octagon staggered form photoelectricity number sensor map;
Fig. 7 is the staggered form number sensor map for measuring volume.
Specific embodiment
Please refer to attached drawing.It should be noted that only the invention is illustrated in a schematic way for diagram provided in the present embodiment
Basic conception, only show in schema with related component in the present invention rather than component count, shape when according to actual implementation
And size is drawn, when actual implementation kenel, quantity and the ratio of each component can arbitrarily change for one kind, and its assembly layout
Kenel may also be increasingly complex.
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, and the present invention is by following side
Formula is realized: as shown in Figure 1, the sensor includes by one group of transmitting tube (n, E1x, E2x ... Enx) side by side and one group
Photoelectric receiving tube (n, R1x, R2x ... Rnx) and its interlock circuit composition corresponding thereto.It is divided between transmitting tube and reception pipe
d.The corresponding circuit of the present invention is as shown in Figure 2.
The sequence circuit of sensor in Fig. 2 makes when one of transmitting Emx transmitting, reception pipe R1x, R2x ...
Rnx receives the transmitting signal of transmitting tube Emx in order, after Rnx completes to receive, next transmitting tube E(m+1) xWhen repeating above-mentioned
Sequence, until transmitting tube Enx completes to emit, timing is returned to driving E1x transmitting.Within a scan period, transmitting tube E1x,
E2x ... Enx emits in order, and the scan period is in cycles.Such timing makes transmitting tube it can be seen from the index path of Fig. 1
Region between reception pipe forms intensive cross path, when object passes through sensor, as long as a light quilt therein
It blocks and reception pipe could not be reached, corresponding reception pipe comparator output is flipped, and sensor can judge have object logical
Cross sensor.
As shown in the circuit block diagram of Fig. 2, in order to improve the anti-interference ability and long-time stability of sensor, sent out using modulation
Light and the mode in receiving end demodulation are penetrated, being generated by sequence circuit, there is the square wave Pulse of certain duty ratio to drive transmitting tube.
Since transmitting tube only shines in a short period of time, the most of the time is in an off state, the method for modulation system transmitting tube driving
The service life of transmitting tube is improved, so that the long-time stability of sensor are guaranteed.
It receives circuit and Current Voltage conversion, amplification, with same square wave pulse is carried out to the optical signal that reception pipe receives
Signal processing is carried out after demodulation, enters movement comparator, in comparator of alarming.Comparator can use formal implementation of hardware,
It can also be realized with the form of software.When amplifier output be less than setting threshold value T2, comparator of alarming output switching activity (with
Lower hypothesis is from high to low), when the output of amplifier continues to be decreased to the threshold value T1 of setting, movement comparator output switching activity (with
Lower hypothesis is from high to low).Due to using the demodulation of phase locking for driving the waveform of transmitting tube as the demodulation waveforms for receiving circuit
Method, for sensor not by the interference of external light source, anti-interference ability is stronger.
When the light intensity of transmitting light is because of dust, the factors such as own transmission pipe decaying and make the output for receiving circuit be attenuated to one
Fixed threshold value T2(T2 is higher than T1) but when not dropping to T1 also, the output for comparator of alarming is switched to low by height, provides the user with alarm
Signal prompts sensor to need to safeguard, such as removes dust, adjust gain etc..At this moment the movement of sensor is exported still in normal
Working condition, user are able to safeguard sensor before sensor failure.
Sensor of the invention is able to achieve self-regulation, when the signal for receiving sensor in reception circuit changes certainly
The dynamic emission current for adjusting sensor and gain.Concrete methods of realizing is as follows: utilizing the output and movement of measurement alarm comparator
The output of comparator passes through adjusting in the case where no object blocks any optical path (the output high level of movement comparator)
The emission current of luminous tube and the amplifier gain for receiving circuit, so that the signal for entering alarm comparator maintains be higher than always
The level of T2 (this alarm comparator exports low level).How much T2 is higher by, by the resolution ratio and noise resisting ability of sensor
It is required that determining.Sensor can carry out self-regulation in booting or in first scan period after object is by sensor
Interior carry out Dynamic Self-Adjusting.Self-regulation especially Dynamic Self-Adjusting, improves the stability and long-term reliability of sensor.And
Due to emission current or gain be arranged in make amplifier output be slightly above T2 optimum level, with higher point of sensor
Resolution.
If sensor adjusts the gain of emission current and amplifier in self-regulating process, still, one of wherein or
The output of amplifier does not make the signal for entering alarm comparator be in the level of high T2 yet when the two is above setting limit, says
Bright sensor at this time has failed, and sensor exports disablement signal, alerts the self-regulation failure of user sensor, and sensor needs to tie up
It repairs.
As shown in Fig. 2, the road n acts the output access of comparator if only needed to judge either with or without object by sensor
The operation of AND gate progress "AND".If there is object has blocked one or more optical path, the output hair of AND gate by sensor
Raw overturning, sensor judgement have an object by sensor, and count is incremented for sensor.The output of the road n comparator also can access
The I/O mouth of microprocessor completes the function of "AND" using software.N guard reports the output access AND gate of comparator to carry out "AND"
Operation, as long as there is any one alarm comparator to be flipped, sensor all judges to need to emission current, amplifier gain
It is adjusted.Flip-flop transition of the sensor by measurement and door, the judgement as object volume size.
If necessary to whether have multiple objects while passing through sensor the case where judge, comparator output access it is micro-
The I/O mouth of processor.Using microprocessor, within a scan period, to the transmitting light being blocked and the hair not being blocked
The timing and position for penetrating light are analyzed, and matrix is established, and can be calculated how many object while be passed through sensor.To object
Body blocks the time of optical path and the quantity for the optical path being blocked is counted, as a result as the judgment basis of article size, and it is right
Object less than certain threshold value is rejected.
Sensor of the invention has preferable precision compared with correlation number sensor.2 objects as shown in Figure 3
In the case that body falls simultaneously, sensor of the invention can judge there is 2 objects while the sensor by correlation
Can not then it judge.
Further increase if necessary the resolution ratio of sensor and to while by sensor object number carry out it is quasi-
The X such as Fig. 4, the photoelectricity number sensor of Y layout then can be used in true judgement.By the optical path (note being blocked for setting up XY
How many object data matrix for the optical path (being denoted as 1) not being blocked 0) and can analyze out while passing through sensor.Knot
Volume measuring method of the present invention is closed, sensor issues the object for being less than (breakage) certain volume and rejects signal.X-direction
The driving wave mode of transmitting light be staggered in the time domain the regular hour with the drive waveforms of the transmitting light of Y-direction, avoid X-direction, Y
Direction optical path interferes with each other.Sensor of the invention has preferable precision compared with correlation number sensor.Such as Fig. 4, figure
The case where 4 objects shown in 5 fall simultaneously, sensor of the invention can judge to have 4 objects while by penetrating
The sensor of formula can not then judge.
If necessary to higher resolution ratio and higher accuracy, then more intensive cross path is used, such as Fig. 6 institute
Show.4 groups of sensors are respectively in X-direction, 45 degree of directions, -45 degree directions, Y-direction, the more intensive cross path of composition.4
The launch time of the transmitting light in direction mutually staggers in the time domain, and the optical path of different directions is avoided to interfere with each other.
The present invention also provides a kind of methods realized and carry out contactless cubing to the object in movement, to meet certainly
On dynamic packing machine, to the demand of the cubing of the object by sensor on especially several packing machines.Specific implementation
As shown in Figure 7.Using the sensor in Fig. 7, during object fall, it is not blocked using what each transmitting tube issued
, the circumference of the object in this scan period is approached near the optical path of object, by operation, is obtained in this scanning week
The sectional area of object in phase.First be blocked the scan period measured to sensor is to the last scanning being blocked
The sectional area that period is obtained is integrated, and the volume of object can be obtained.In the case where required precision allows, the sensing of Fig. 7
Device can also use X, and the sensor of Y-direction substitutes to realize cubing.
In summary, multiple objects have been capable of deciding whether the present invention provides one kind while passed through, and can be measured same
When the photoelectricity number sensor of object number and volume that passes through.Sensor of the invention can judge whether there is during the packaging process
Less than the damaged packaged object of normal volume, impurity and multiple objects less than packaged object pass through sensor simultaneously
Situation occurs, and improves the precision of automatic several packing machines.The present invention can be widely used on automatic several packing machines, and can
To realize that packaged object does not need to fall one by one, but several packing machines of high speed that are multiple while falling.
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention.It is any ripe
The personage for knowing this technology all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, carries out modifications and changes to above-described embodiment.Cause
This, institute is complete without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art such as
At all equivalent modifications or change, should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. one kind can measure the photoelectricity number sensor of volume, including one group of X-direction or 2 groups are distributed in the direction XY or 4 groups
It is distributed in X, -45 degree directions ,+45 spend directions, Y-direction, n transmitting tube side by side and n photoelectric receiving tube corresponding thereto
And its interlock circuit composition, d is divided between transmitting tube and reception pipe, the transmitted waveform of the transmitting tube of different directions is wrong in the time domain
It opens, does not interfere mutually；
The mode of modulation /demodulation is taken in the transmitting of the transmitting tube and the reception of the reception pipe, when one of those hair
Penetrate pipe EmWhen transmitting, the reception pipe R1,R2…RnThe transmitting tube E is received in ordermTransmitting signal, in RnIt completes to receive
After period, next transmitting tube Em+1Repeat above-mentioned timing, within a scan period, the transmitting tube E1,E2…EnIt presses
Sequential transmission, scan period in cycles, form intensive cross path between transmit and receive.
2. the photoelectricity number sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that reception pipe R1,R2 … RnThrough over-discharge
Greatly, it demodulates, after Digital Signal Processing, the comparator of T2 and T1 is set into 2 threshold values, T2 is higher than T1, and comparator is equipped with
Certain return difference, first comparator are alarm comparator, and sensor is prompted to need to safeguard, adjustment receives the gain of circuit, the
Two comparators are movement comparator, for judging either with or without object by sensor.
3. the photoelectricity number sensor according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the alarm comparator and the movement
Comparator can use hardware realization, can also be with passing through software realization after microprocessor analog-to-digital conversion.
4. the photoelectricity number sensor according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the output access of the movement comparator
AND gate or microprocessor have the optical path in any channel to be blocked within a scan period, and comparator overturning, sensor is sentenced
Disconnected to have object to pass through, count is incremented for sensor.
5. the photoelectricity number sensor according to claim 2, it is characterised in that sensor can be according to alarm comparator
With the output of movement comparator, realizes emission current and receive the self-regulation of the gain of circuit, make the letter for entering alarm comparator
The level higher than T2 number is maintained always.
6. the photoelectricity number sensor according to claim 5, it is characterised in that sensor can carry out certainly in booting
I adjusts or carries out self-control within first scan period after object is by sensor.
7. the photoelectricity number sensor according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in self-regulating process, if transmitting
Electric current or the gain for receiving circuit are more than the limit of setting, sensor output transducer disablement signal.
8. the photoelectricity number sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that sensor utilizes microprocessor, to object
It is analyzed, and then is determined with by the timing and position of the optical path being blocked and the optical path not being blocked in sensor process
How many a objects pass through sensor simultaneously, realize the counting that multiple objects are passed through with sensor simultaneously, block optical path to object
The quantity of time and the optical path being blocked is counted, as a result as the judgement of article size.
9. the photoelectricity number sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when sensor is fallen using object analysis
The timing and position of the transmitting light being blocked in each scan period and the transmitting light not being blocked, obtain object at one
The sectional area of the sectional area of scan period, each scan period when passing through sensor to object integrates, and then obtains logical
Cross the volume of the object of sensor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510177386.8A CN105180849B (en) | 2015-04-15 | 2015-04-15 | It is a kind of to be capable of measuring multiple while falling objects and the photoelectricity number sensor with cubing function |
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| CN201510177386.8A CN105180849B (en) | 2015-04-15 | 2015-04-15 | It is a kind of to be capable of measuring multiple while falling objects and the photoelectricity number sensor with cubing function |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102152255B1 (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2020-09-04 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Method and apparatus for counting pills |
| CN108761557B (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2019-10-25 | 常州工学院 | A kind of chiasma type light curtain detection device based on FPGA |
| CN108626812A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-10-09 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | A kind of air purifier of adjustable blowing angle |
| KR102158746B1 (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2020-09-22 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Tablet (Pill) Counting Multi-sided Optical Sensor Module for Pharmaceutical Automation |
| CN110779449B (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2021-03-19 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Radial offset monitoring and alarming device for cylindrical equipment |
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