CN1051805C - Process for preparing industrial beryllium oxide and mixed rare-earth hydroxy compound by using silicon-beryllium-yttium ore - Google Patents
Process for preparing industrial beryllium oxide and mixed rare-earth hydroxy compound by using silicon-beryllium-yttium ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN1051805C CN1051805C CN96118467A CN96118467A CN1051805C CN 1051805 C CN1051805 C CN 1051805C CN 96118467 A CN96118467 A CN 96118467A CN 96118467 A CN96118467 A CN 96118467A CN 1051805 C CN1051805 C CN 1051805C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for preparing industrial beryllium oxide and mixed rare earth hydroxide by using gadolinite. In the method, the gadolinite is ground into powder, acidified by concentrated sulphuric acid, and leached by adding water; after silica residue is separated, rare earth is deposited by double salts, beryllium and the rare earth are separated, the rare earth and sodium sulfate are deposited by the double salts, and the mixed rare earth hydroxide is prepared by conversion with sodium hydroxide; after a beryllium solution containing sulphuric acid obtained after the rare earth is deposited by the double salts is neutralized by ammonia water so that ferrum and aluminum are removed, and is deposited by oxalic acid so that the rare earth is removed, the pH value is increased by the ammonia water so that beryllium hydroxide is deposited, the beryllium hydroxide is filtered, washed, dried and sintered so that industrial beryllium oxide is manufactured. The method has the advantages of simple technology, mature technique, little environmental pollution, low cost and good product quality.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of method of producing industrial beryllium oxide and mixed rare earth hydroxide with ytterbite.
As everyone knows, metallic beryllium, beryllium oxide, various beryllium alloy and goods thereof are of many uses in industries such as nuclear industry, space industry, electronic industry and machinery, and are used to produce the raw material ten minutes shortage of beryllium.In the past, China all is to be the industrial beryllium oxide of raw material production with the beryl, but beryl is a kind of associated minerals, and reserves and produced quantity all do not satisfy the needs of beryllium production development.Therefore, seek the new beryllium raw material that contains, and study corresponding explained hereafter industrial beryllium oxide, become an important subject of beryllium smelting industry.Ytterbite [Y
2F
eB
E2(S
1O
4)
2O
2] be a kind of berryllium mineral that newly contains of finding in recent years, it contains BeO about 5%, but contains the REO about 35% simultaneously, original with the beryl be the raw material production industrial beryllium oxide art breading not ytterbite, become a technical problem that urgency is to be solved.
It is simple to the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of technology, and solid-liquid separation is good, the metal recovery rate height, good product quality, and the processing method of the little processing silicon beryllium yttrium of environmental pollution, this method can be produced industrial beryllium oxide, can produce industrial same broad-spectrum mixed rare earth hydroxide again.
For achieving the above object, method of the present invention is earlier ytterbite to be worn into breeze and added water slurryization, add again and add water logging after the vitriol oil acidifying and go out, rare earth, beryllium and iron aluminium generate vitriol and enter leach liquor, separate with white residue, and leach liquor adds the heavy rare earth of sodium sulfate, rare earth generates sulfuric acid rare earth sodium sulfate double salt precipitation, separate with beryllium and iron aluminium sulfate, with sodium hydroxide the sulfuric acid rare earth sodium sulfate double salt is changed into the mixed rare earth hydroxide precipitation at last, separate with sodium sulfate.
The inventive method after with the heavy rare earth of double salt contain beryllium and iron aluminium sulfate solution neutralizes with ammoniacal liquor, and adding sodium chlorate, making iron aluminium impurity generate precipitation of hydroxide removes, in solution, add oxalic acid then, making residual rare earth generate the rare earth oxalate precipitation removes, add ammoniacal liquor rising solution pH value at last again, be settled out beryllium hydroxide, beryllium hydroxide precipitation after filtration, washing, oven dry, calcination output industrial beryllium oxide.
The technical factor of the inventive method is as follows:
The breeze degree that carries out pulp should be less than 40 orders (0.37 millimeter), and pulp solid-to-liquid ratio (weight ratio) is 1: 0.6-1.4.
Souring temperature 70-100 ℃, ore deposit acid is 1 than (weight ratio): 0.6-1.4, the mineral water of leaching is 1 than (weight ratio): 6-8, extraction temperature 40-50 ℃, acidity 0.4-0.6mol/l (H
2SO
4), the gelatin consumption is 1% of an ore deposit amount (weight), extraction time 50-60 minute.
During leaching, also available polyethers replaces gelatin, and its consumption is 0.1% of an ore deposit amount (weight).
The heavy rare earth sulfuric acid sodium consumption of double salt is REO: Na
2SO
4(weight ratio)=1: 1.4-1.6, temperature of reaction 80-100 ℃.
It is REO: NaOH=1 that double salt transforms sodium hydroxide concentration: 1, and concentration of sodium hydroxide solution 15-20%, invert point 80-100 ℃, reaction times 2-3 hour.
With deironing aluminium pH value 4.2-5.4, sodium chlorate consumption 6-10g/l boils (100 ℃) reaction 1-1.5 hour, terminal point pH value 4.5～5.4 in the ammoniacal liquor.
Oxalic acid sinks rare earth consumption of oxalic acid 7-9g/l, and temperature of reaction 80-100 ℃, reaction times 1-3 hour.
Ammoniacal liquor sinks beryllium hydroxide terminal point pH value 7-8, temperature of reaction 95-100 ℃.
Sedimentary filtration of beryllium hydroxide and wash temperature are 70-100 ℃.
Advantage of the present invention is that technology is simple, and tissue is produced easily, full wet work, and solid-liquid separation is good, and environmental pollution is little, and flow process is reasonable, good product quality, rate of recovery height, and also production cost is low, and good in economic efficiency.Both solve the technical problem of producing industrial beryllium oxide with ytterbite, also can reclaim rare earth simultaneously.And reclaim front and back two major parts of rare earth and beryllium in the whole processing method, and both interrelated, establish one's own system again, can both can produce any product according to the market sale situation in the production, can produce two kinds of products simultaneously again.
The specific implementation process of the inventive method is as follows:
Earlier the gadolinite of preliminary enrichment (as: picking) is worn into granularity less than 40 order (Tyler standard sieves, 0.37 powder millimeter), again with the ground breeze by solid-to-liquid ratio (weight ratio) 1: 0.6-1.4 adds water slurryization, carry out acidifying then under 70-100 ℃ of temperature, vitriol oil consumption adds than (weight ratio) 1: 0.6-1.4 by ore deposit acid.When pulp and acidifying, the proportional quantity of the water and the vitriol oil is decided on the grade of beryllium in the ore and rare earth.After the acidifying fully, rare earth, beryllium and iron aluminium etc. generate the vitriol of solubility, and the silicic acid that reaction generates can dewater and generates SiO
2, become insoluble white residue, add water logging by mineral water than (weight ratio) 1: 6-8 again and go out, just make above-mentioned soluble sulphate enter leach liquor, can separate with white residue after filtration.Leach general branch and carry out for two sections, enter for the second time after one time leached mud filters and leach, the secondary leach liquor returns leaching for the first time.Leach and to keep temperature 40-50 ℃, acidity 0.4-0.6mol/l (H
2SO
4), total extraction time 50-60 minute.Thorough for guaranteeing silica removal, that also should measure (weight) during leaching by the ore deposit 1% adds gelatin, and also available polyethers replaces gelatin, but the consumption of polyethers only for the ore deposit measure 0.1%.A leach liquor after the filtration enters the heavy rare earth operation of double salt, presses REO: Na
2SO
4=1: the ratio of 1.4-1.6 adds solid sodium sulfate, stirring reaction under 80-100 ℃ of temperature, make sulfuric acid rare earth and sodium sulfate form the sulfuric acid rare earth sodium sulfate double salt precipitation in sulfuric acid or excess sulfuric acid sodium solution hard to tolerate, after reacting completely, can separate with the beryllium in the solution and the vitriol of iron aluminium after filtration.This double salt precipitation is used contains sodium sulfate, the solution drip washing of temperature more than 80 ℃, and rare earth is thoroughly separated with beryllium and iron aluminium, guarantees the quality of the mixed rare earth hydroxide and the industrial beryllium oxide of final output.The filtrate that contains beryllium and iron aluminium sulfate enters the operation that industrial beryllium oxide is produced in the back, transform in the sodium hydroxide solution that concentration is 15-20% and the sulfuric acid rare earth sodium sulfate double salt added, sodium hydroxide concentration is REO: NaOH=1: 1, invert point is 80-100 ℃, 2-3 hour stirring reaction time.At this moment, the rare earth in the double salt changes into the mixed rare earth hydroxide precipitation, can separate with the sodium sulfate in the solution after filtration, and the sodium sulfate of separating can reclaim usefulness again, to reduce production costs.Transform the mixed rare earth hydroxide that generates and be washed with water to no SO
4 -2After, can further be processed into mixed chlorinated rare earth, grouping rare earth chloride, mixed rare-earth oxide or single rare earth product by the ordinary method of Rare Earth Production.
When producing industrial beryllium oxide with the filtrate behind the heavy rare earth of above-mentioned double salt, with ammoniacal liquor solution being neutralized to pH value is 4.2-5.4, and presses the consumption adding oxygenant chloric acid sodium (NaClO of 6-10g/l
3), then solution is boiled (100 ℃) reaction 1-1.5 hour, in the reaction, Fe
+ 2Be oxidized to Fe
+ 3, and form Fe (OH)
3Precipitation, Al
+ 3Also form Al (OH)
3Precipitation can be removed after filtration.Terminal point pH value with deironing aluminium in the ammoniacal liquor should keep 4.5-5.4, to guarantee Fe
+ 2Can oxidation also precipitate fully.The scum making beating is filtered to control and is contained BeO＜2% in the slag.The consumption of then pressing 7-9g/t is with in the oxalic acid adding and in the solution behind the deironing aluminium, under 80-100 ℃ of temperature stirring reaction 1-3 hour, make a small amount of rare earth residual in the solution form the rare earth oxalate precipitation, leave standstill the clarification after-filtration and removed, to guarantee the quality of industrial beryllium oxide.The rare earth oxalate precipitation is washed with water to no SO
4 -2After, can be used as the raw material that reclaims rare earth again.Solution behind the heavy rare earth of oxalic acid adds ammoniacal liquor again, and the rising pH value under 95-100 ℃ of temperature, makes beryllium form the beryllium hydroxide precipitation to 7-8, and the terminal point pH value of heavy beryllium reaction should maintain 7-8, to reach better effects.Owing to be at high temperature to react, even still residual a small amount of rare earth can not be precipitated out yet in the solution, thereby beryllium is separated fully with rare earth, guaranteed the quality of the industrial beryllium oxide that next step is produced.Given this, when beryllium hydroxide washing of precipitate and filtration, temperature must be controlled at 70-100 ℃.Beryllium hydroxide after the filtration can be dried according to a conventional method, calcination, and obtains high-quality industrial beryllium oxide product.Industrial beryllium oxide can further be processed into metallic beryllium, various beryllium alloy and goods thereof according to a conventional method.
Processing condition and the technical indicator of the inventive method embodiment see Table 1.Unlisted in the common process condition table of each embodiment, they are: leaching the gelatin consumption is 1% of ore deposit amount (weight), or the polyethers consumption is 0.1% of an ore deposit amount (weight); The concentration of sodium hydroxide solution that double salt transforms preparation is 15-20%; In the ammoniacal liquor and deironing aluminium pH value be that 4.2-5.4 and temperature of reaction are for boiling (100 ℃).
Table 1
| Processing condition and technical indicator | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| 1. ore grade BeO % REO % | 6.62 43.14 | 6.61 43.72 | 6.88 48.16 |
| 2. the 1. pulp breeze granularity (solid-to-liquid ratio of order/mm) of processing condition | ＜180/0.15 1∶0.8-1.0 | ＜80/0.18 1∶0.6-0.8 | ＜40/0.37 1∶1.0-1.4 |
| 2. souring temperature ℃ ore deposit acid is compared | 100 1∶0.8-1.0 | 85 1∶0.6-0.8 | 70 1∶1.0-1.4 |
| 3. leach mineral water than temperature ℃ acidity mol/l time hour | 1∶8 50 0.5 1 | 1∶7 45 0.4 1 | 1∶6 40 0.6 5/6 |
| 4. double salt precipitation REO: Na 2SO 4Temperature ℃ | 1∶1.6 100 | 1∶1.5 90 | 1∶1.4 80 |
| 5. double salt transforms REO: Na 2OH temperature ℃ time hour | 1∶1 100 2.5 | 1∶1 90 3 | 1∶1 80 2 |
| 6. in and NaClO 3Consumption g/l time hour terminal point pH value | 6 1.5 4.8 | 7 1.5 5.4 | 10 1.0 4.5 |
| 7. oxalic acid precipitation consumption of oxalic acid g/l temperature ℃ time hour | 8 100 3 | 7 85 2 | 9 80 1 |
| 8. beryllium hydroxide precipitation terminal point pH value temperature ℃ washing and filtering temperature ℃ | 8.0 100 100 | 7.5 100 80 | 7.0 100 70 |
| 3. rate of recovery BeO % REO % | 75 90 | 73 88 | 70 85 |
| 4. mixed rare earth hydroxide quality BeO % REO % | 0.086 70.50 | 0.076 71.44 | 0.09 77.63 |
| 5. industrial beryllium oxide quality (surplus is BeO) Fe 2O 3％ Al 2O 3％ SiO 2% P % CoO % MgO % REO % burns and loses % | ＜0.03 ＜0.045 0.23 ＜0.03 ＜0.045 ＜0.03 0.18 0.81 | ＜0.03 0.045 0.38 ＜0.03 ＜0.045 ＜0.03 0.12 1.31 | 0.053 0.09 0.43 ＜0.03 ＜0.045 ＜0.03 0.17 1.65 |
Claims (7)
1, a kind of method of producing mixed rare earth hydroxide with the silicic acid gadolinite, it is characterized in that earlier ytterbite being worn into breeze and being added water slurryization, add again and add water logging after the vitriol oil acidifying and go out, souring temperature 70-100 ℃, ore deposit acid is 1 than (weight ratio): 0.6-1.4, the mineral water that leaches is 1 than (weight ratio): 6-8, extraction temperature 40-50 ℃, acidity 0.4-0.6mol/l (H
2SO
4), the gelatin consumption is 1% of an ore deposit amount (weight), or the polyethers consumption is 0.1% of ore deposit amount (weight), and extraction time 50-60 minute, rare earth, beryllium and iron aluminium existence vitriol entered leach liquor, separate with white residue, leach liquor adds the heavy rare earth of sodium sulfate, and rare earth generates sulfuric acid rare earth sodium sulfate double salt precipitation, separates with beryllium and iron aluminium sulfate, with sodium hydroxide the sulfuric acid rare earth sodium sulfate double salt is changed into the mixed rare earth hydroxide precipitation at last, separate with sodium sulfate.
2, the method for producing mixed rare earth hydroxide according to claim 1, the breeze granularity that it is characterized in that carrying out pulp should be less than 0.37 millimeter, and pulp solid-to-liquid ratio (weight ratio) is 1: 0.6-1.4.
3, the method for producing mixed rare earth hydroxide according to claim 1 is characterized in that the heavy rare earth sulfuric acid sodium consumption of double salt is REO: Na
2SO
4(weight ratio)=1: 1.4-1.6, temperature of reaction 80-100 ℃.
4, the method for producing mixed rare earth hydroxide according to claim 1, it is characterized in that it is REO: NaOH (weight ratio)=1: 1 that double salt transforms sodium hydroxide concentration, concentration of sodium hydroxide solution 15-20%, invert point 80-100 ℃, reaction times 2-3 hour.
5, a kind of method of producing industrial beryllium oxide with ytterbite, comprise and earlier ytterbite is worn into breeze and added water slurryization, add again and add water logging after the vitriol oil acidifying and go out, souring temperature 70-100 ℃, ore deposit acid is 1 than (weight ratio): 0.6-1.4, the mineral water that leaches is 1 than (weight ratio): 6-8, extraction temperature 40-50 ℃, acidity 0.4-0.6mol/l (H
2SO
4), the gelatin consumption is 1% of an ore deposit amount (weight), or the polyethers consumption is 0.1% of an ore deposit amount (weight), extraction time 50-60 minute, rare earth, beryllium and iron aluminium generate vitriol and enter leach liquor, separate with white residue, leach liquor adds sodium sulfate, precipitates and isolates the sulfuric acid rare earth sodium sulfate double salt, it is characterized in that with behind the heavy rare earth of double salt contain beryllium and iron aluminium sulfate solution neutralizes with ammoniacal liquor, and adding sodium chlorate, make iron aluminium impurity generate precipitation of hydroxide and remove, in the ammoniacal liquor and deironing aluminium pH value be 4.2-5.4, sodium chlorate consumption 6-10g/l, boil to 100 ℃, reacted 1-1.5 hour, terminal point pH value 4.5-5.4 adds oxalic acid then in solution, making residual rare earth generate the rare earth oxalate precipitation removes, add ammoniacal liquor rising solution pH value at last again, be settled out beryllium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor sinks beryllium hydroxide terminal point pH value 7-8, temperature of reaction 95-100 ℃, beryllium hydroxide precipitates after filtration, washing, oven dry, calcining output industrial beryllium oxide.
6, the method for producing industrial beryllium oxide according to claim 5 is characterized in that the consumption of oxalic acid 7-9g/l of the heavy rare earth of oxalic acid, temperature of reaction 80-100 ℃, and reaction times 1-3 hour.
7, the method for producing industrial beryllium oxide according to claim 5 is characterized in that sedimentary filtration of beryllium hydroxide and wash temperature are 70-100 ℃.
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| CN1051805C true CN1051805C (en) | 2000-04-26 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1114363A (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1996-01-03 | 郭西林 | Process for extracting rare-earth from electrolytic slag of rare-earth chloride |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1114363A (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1996-01-03 | 郭西林 | Process for extracting rare-earth from electrolytic slag of rare-earth chloride |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109761514A (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2019-05-17 | 长沙中硅水泥技术开发有限公司 | The detoxification of beryllium slag cooperates with recycling treatment system and technique with cement kiln |
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