CN105175664A - Phenolic-resin-type surfactant for phenolic foam plastic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Phenolic-resin-type surfactant for phenolic foam plastic and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105175664A CN105175664A CN201510744853.0A CN201510744853A CN105175664A CN 105175664 A CN105175664 A CN 105175664A CN 201510744853 A CN201510744853 A CN 201510744853A CN 105175664 A CN105175664 A CN 105175664A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a phenolic-resin-type surfactant for phenolic foam plastic and a preparation method thereof. The surfactant is a phenolic resin synthesized from phenols and aldehydes with lipophilic fat long chains; and the fat carbon chain on the phenolic resin molecule branched chain has favorable lipophilicity, and thus, the phenolic resin can be used as a surfactant for phenolic foam. The surfactant is synchronously cured with the phenolic resin after finishing the emulsifying effect, and does not exist in the free state, thereby becoming one component of the phenolic foam high-polymer chain segment. When the phenolic resin used as the phenolic foaming surfactant is blended with the conventional phenolic resin to prepare the phenolic foam plastic, the phenolic foam, which is foamed and cured by adding the foaming agent and curing agent, can obviously lower the water absorptivity of the foam and enhance the heat insulativity and strength of the foam.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to phenolic aldehyde energy-saving heat preserving field of new, particularly relate to a kind of phenolic resin type tensio-active agent for phenolic foamed plastics and preparation method thereof.
Technical background
Phenol formaldehyde foam has acted on the performances such as fire-retardant, the Stability Analysis of Structures of resol self, has fire resistant flame retardant, meets fire without the characteristic such as good stability of the dimension, acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting under dropping, the environment that colds and heat succeed each other, obtain tremendous development in recent years in building energy saving field.But existing phenol formaldehyde foam in various degree have that heat insulating ability decay is fast, low strength, the high defect of volume water absorption rate.The tensio-active agent of steady bubble effect is played as phenol formaldehyde foam moulding process, vital impact is had on the stability etc. of the formation of foam, foam rate of closed hole and contoured foam, traditional surface active agent composition does not react with resin, namely be present in system with free state after having played steady bubble effect, have impact on the rate of closed hole of foam and the stability of contoured foam, and then affect water-intake rate, thermal conductivity and intensity etc.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of phenolic resin type tensio-active agent for phenolic foamed plastics and preparation method thereof, it synchronously can solidify with resol, reduce the water-absorbent of phenol formaldehyde foam, improve heat insulating ability and intensity, the formula of the phenolic foamed plastics simultaneously utilizing this phenolic resin type tensio-active agent to make and corresponding preparation method thereof.
For realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
For a phenolic resin type tensio-active agent for phenolic foamed plastics, it is characterized in that, described phenolic resin type tensio-active agent is made up of the material comprising following weight part:
Alkylphenol 20 ~ 40 parts;
Phenol 60 ~ 80 parts;
Aldehydes 30 ~ 48 parts;
4 ~ 6 parts, urea;
Basic catalyst 0.8 ~ 1.5 part;
3 ~ 5 parts, water.
Wherein, preferably, described alkylphenol can be the mixture of a kind of of nonyl phenol, dodecyl phenol, cardanol or octadecylphenol or at least two kinds.
Preferably, described aldehydes can be the mixture of a kind of of formalin, paraformaldehyde and furfural or at least two kinds.
Preferably, described basic catalyst can be one or more composite in ammoniacal liquor, trolamine, three ethanoldiamine, sodium hydroxide or hydrated barta.
In addition, described phenol can be the industrial goods phenol of Han Liang≤99.0%, and the industrial goods urea of total Dan Liang≤46.2% selected by described urea.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of the above-mentioned phenolic resin type tensio-active agent for phenolic foamed plastics, comprises the steps:
Step one, whole alkylphenol, the phenol accounting for formula total amount 30%, the paraformaldehyde accounting for formula total amount 50% and whole water in formula are added reactor;
Step 2, with basic catalyst adjust PH to 8.0, be heated with stirring to 80 DEG C, under base catalysis condition, carry out prepolymerization;
After step 3, prepolymerization terminate, add remaining phenol and paraformaldehyde;
Step 4, continue to react under base catalysis condition, regulate PH7.5 ~ 8.0, be warming up to 90 DEG C with basic catalyst, extremely, the kinetic viscosity to mixture is 8000 ~ 10000cp.s in reaction, and cooling, gained is phenolic resin type tensio-active agent.
In addition, the invention still further relates to a kind of phenolic foamed plastics utilizing above-mentioned phenolic resin type tensio-active agent to be made, it is characterized in that: the phenolic resin type tensio-active agent of every 100 parts by weight of phenolic resin correspondence 10 ~ 40 parts in described phenolic foamed plastics.
Preferably, described phenolic foamed plastics is made up of the material comprising following weight part:
Conventional phenolic resin 100 parts;
10 ~ 40 parts, phenolic resin type tensio-active agent;
Whipping agent 6 ~ 8 parts;
15 ~ 20 parts, solidifying agent.
Preferred further, described conventional phenolic resin is conventional expandable phenolic resin, and be the tawny transparent liquid of solid content 76 ~ 82%, the viscosity 25 DEG C time is 3000 ~ 5000mPa.S.
Described whipping agent can by the Skellysolve A of 50% and the pentamethylene of 50% form by mass percentage.Described solidifying agent can be the mixture of a kind of in p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid, acid dimethyl, phenol sulfonic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid or at least two kinds.Described solidifying agent by by weight percentage 20% p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid, the phosphoric acid of 30%, the vitriol oil of 20% and 30% water mix.Described phenolic resin type tensio-active agent is the red-brown thick liquid of solid content 82 ~ 85, viscosity 8000 ~ 10000mPa.S when its 25 DEG C.
The preparation method of above-mentioned phenolic foamed plastics comprises the steps:
Step one, conventional phenolic resin is mixed with phenolic resin type tensio-active agent after add whipping agent and mix;
Step 2, in compound, add solidifying agent, compound and curing agent component are mixed under high velocity agitation fully, form compound;
Step 3, pour into and be in the mould of heated condition rapidly, also continuable be transported to lay plane materiel transmission mechanism on move it through heating zone, be prepared into phenolic foamed plastics, so far, the preparation of phenolic foamed plastics completes.What play emulsifying effect in reaction is the fatty carbon chain be present in branched form in phenolic resin type surfactant molecule, synchronously can solidify after it completes emulsifying effect with conventional phenolic resin in system.
Principle of work: phenolic resin type tensio-active agent is the resol synthesized with the oleophylic fat phenols of long-chain and aldehydes, synthesize time with structure in containing fatty long-chain alkylphenol part replace phenol carry out copolymerization, form the resol of band chain alkyl side chain, play the effect of tensio-active agent.Fatty carbon chain on phenolic resin type surfactant molecule side chain has good lipophilicity, the tensio-active agent that can be used as phenolic foamed plastics uses, graft on the conventional phenolic resin in phenolic foamed plastics with the form of side chain, when mixing with the whipping agent of oiliness, aliphatic chain hydrophobic end is adsorbed in whipping agent surface and forms microballoon micella, the other end is then direct to be connected with resol molecule with the form of chemical bond, replace conventional surfactant water-wet side to be connected with resol by Intermolecular Forces, form more stable foamy structure with this.
Phenolic resin type tensio-active agent of the present invention synchronously solidifies with resol after completing emulsifying effect, do not exist with free state, become an integral part of phenol formaldehyde foam polymer segment, using this resol as the tensio-active agent of phenolic foam and conventional phenolic resin blended after, add the water-intake rate that whipping agent and the shaping phenol formaldehyde foam of solidifying agent foamed solidification obviously can reduce foam, improve heat insulating ability and the intensity of foam.
Advantage of the present invention and effect as follows:
1, the invention provides a kind of phenolic resin type tensio-active agent for phenolic foamed plastics and preparation method thereof, and utilize the method for phenolic foamed plastics of its promoting agent, utilize above-mentioned synthetic surfactant as suds-stabilizing agent, solve the problems such as conventional foam foam structure is imperfect, water-intake rate is high, intensity is low;
2, phenolic resin type tensio-active agent completes emulsification and surely synchronously solidifies with conventional phenolic resin after bubble effect in system, avoids conventional emulsifier and there is the impact on foamy structure and performance with free state after completion of the reaction;
The aliphatic chain hydrophobic end of 3, playing Action of Surfactant is adsorbed on whipping agent surface, the other end directly and phenolic compatible, when forming microcosmic foam for the water-wet side of the active abutment surface promoting agent of conventional surface and resol are connected by Intermolecular Forces, structurally more stable, form foam structure more complete, water-intake rate is lower, and thermal conductivity is also lower, is not more than 0.025W/m.k;
4, tensio-active agent of the present invention is grafting oleophylic carbochain on resol, and the water-wet side of this tensio-active agent participates in chemical reaction, and the overall hydrophobicity of the foam system therefore formed is better, huge to the contribution of reduction water-intake rate;
5, the tensio-active agent synthesized by the present invention is from economic benefit, its cost and conventional phenolic resin maintain an equal level, according to biomass resource cardanol as formula in alkylphenol then cost is also lower than conventional phenolic resin, therefore adopt this tensio-active agent can not cause the increase of cost;
6, phenolic resin type tensio-active agent is applied to the phenolic foamed plastics prepared in reality at density 35 ~ 40kg/m
3time pull strength>=110KPa, water-intake rate≤5.0%, solve the segmental defect of foam, achieve the object of low-density and high-strength, improve the security of application.
Embodiment
Be described principle of the present invention and feature below, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.Phenolic resin type tensio-active agent of the present invention is made up of the material comprising following weight part:
Alkylphenol 20 ~ 40 parts;
Phenol 60 ~ 80 parts;
Aldehydes 30 ~ 48 parts;
4 ~ 6 parts, urea;
Basic catalyst 0.8 ~ 1.5 part;
3 ~ 5 parts, water.
Wherein, preferably, described alkylphenol can be the mixture of a kind of of nonyl phenol, dodecyl phenol, cardanol or octadecylphenol or at least two kinds.Described phenol can be the industrial goods of Han Liang≤99.0%.Described aldehydes can be the mixture of a kind of of formalin, paraformaldehyde and furfural or at least two kinds.Described urea can be the industrial goods of total Dan Liang≤46.2%.Described basic catalyst can be one or more composite in ammoniacal liquor, trolamine, three ethanoldiamine, sodium hydroxide or hydrated barta.
Its preparation method is: the alkylphenol of recipe requirements weight part is added reactor and adds the paraformaldehyde of formula total amount 50%, the phenol of formula total amount 30% add the water of recipe requirements, adjust PH to 8.0 with basic catalyst, be heated with stirring to 80 DEG C of reaction 40min; Adding that the phenol of recipe requirements residual content and paraformaldehyde basic catalyst regulate PH7.5 ~ 8.0 to be warming up to react to kinetic viscosity between 90 DEG C is again 8000 ~ 10000cp.s cooling, and gained is the phenolic resin type tensio-active agent of synthesis;
During the single use of described basic catalyst, ammoniacal liquor 1 ~ 3 weight part, trolamine 2 ~ 5 weight part, sodium hydroxide 0.4 ~ 0.8 weight part, preferably stating basic catalyst is sodium hydroxide 0.5 ~ 0.7 weight part.
The invention still further relates to a kind of phenolic foamed plastics utilizing above-mentioned phenolic resin type tensio-active agent to be made, it is characterized in that: the phenolic resin type tensio-active agent of every 100 parts by weight of phenolic resin correspondence 10 ~ 40 parts in described phenolic foamed plastics.Preferably, described phenolic foamed plastics is made up of the material comprising following weight part:
Conventional phenolic resin 100 parts;
10 ~ 40 parts, phenolic resin type tensio-active agent;
Whipping agent 6 ~ 8 parts;
15 ~ 20 parts, solidifying agent.
Preferably, described conventional phenolic resin is conventional expandable phenolic resin, it is the tawny transparent liquid of solid content 76 ~ 82%, viscosity 25 DEG C time is 3000 ~ 5000mPa.S, and it is prepared under basic catalyst is as catalysis such as ammoniacal liquor, sodium hydroxide, hydrated bartas by aldehydes such as the phenols such as phenol or xylenol and formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, furfurals; Above-mentioned substance can be used for the production of conventional phenolic resin, but is not limited to the above.Wherein during preparation, preferred aldehyde phenol ratio is 1.5 ~ 2.2, and preferable weight-average molecular weight is 400 ~ 800, and preferred resin viscosity is 3000 ~ 6000cp.s.
Phenolic resin type tensio-active agent used is main ingredient of the present invention, is the red-brown thick liquid of solid content 82 ~ 85, viscosity 8000 ~ 10000mPa.S when its 25 DEG C.In addition also available tween-80, polysiloxane etc.Due to phenolic resin type tensio-active agent self character, increase consumption and cost can't be caused to increase and affect other performances, therefore preferable amount is 10 ~ 40 parts relative to 100 parts of resol; The conventional amount used of tween-80 and polysiloxane is 4 ~ 10 parts relative to 100 parts of resol, and increase consumption and water-intake rate can be caused to increase strength degradation, and increase cost, preferable amount is relative to 100 parts of resol, 3 ~ 5 parts of tween-80s.Described whipping agent is substantially unrestricted, and general employing Typical physical whipping agent, comprises and have lower boiling butane, pentane, sherwood oil etc.; Preferable amount is 4 ~ 10 parts relative to 100 parts of resol, and the present invention uses 5 ~ 8 parts, the mixture of Skellysolve A and pentamethylene 1:1.
Described solidifying agent can be the mixture of a kind of in p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid, acid dimethyl, phenol sulfonic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid or at least two kinds.Preferably p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid, the phosphoric acid of 30%, the vitriol oil of 20% and 30% water of 20% mix by weight percentage, and preferable amount is 5 ~ 20 parts relative to 100 parts of resol; Amount used of the present invention is 15 ~ 20 parts.
Phenolic foamed plastics preparation process of the present invention is as follows:
Described phenol formaldehyde foam is the thermosetting foams formed under solidifying agent katalysis be mixed into tensio-active agent, whipping agent in conventional phenolic resin after, it is characterized in that used tensio-active agent is the phenolic resin type tensio-active agent synthesized by long chain alkylphenol and aldehydes of the present invention.
Be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment:
embodiment 1
Each raw material of described phenolic resin type tensio-active agent is as follows by weight ratio:
Alkylphenol 30 parts
Phenol 70 parts
Paraformaldehyde 42 parts
30% sodium hydroxide solution 1 part;
5 parts, urea
4 parts, water
Preparation process: 300g nonyl phenol is mixed after adding and mixing in reactor with 210g phenol, add the paraformaldehyde of 210g and stir after adding 40g water, sodium hydroxide solution with 30% adjusts PH to 8.0, when being warming up to 78 ~ 82 DEG C, constant temperature 40min carries out the prepolymerization of alkylphenol and aldehydes, then add remaining 490g phenol and 210g paraformaldehyde to continue to be warming up to 90 DEG C of reactions and lower the temperature when viscosity reaches 9000 ± 1000cp.s, gained is the phenolic resin type tensio-active agent prepared by the present invention.
Prepare phenolic foamed plastics with above-mentioned phenolic resin type tensio-active agent, raw material is as follows by weight ratio;
Conventional phenolic resin 90 parts;
10 parts, phenolic resin type tensio-active agent;
Whipping agent 5.5 parts;
19 parts, solidifying agent;
Described process: after being mixed by the phenolic resin type tensio-active agent that the conventional phenolic resin of the heatable solidity of 90 mass parts and 10 weight parts prepare according to the method described above, the whipping agent adding 6 weight parts mixes for subsequent use; Get the above-mentioned solidifying agent of 19 parts, after described compound and solidifying agent are uniformly mixed rapidly, be cast in ventilative but do not leak on the plane materiels such as the non-woven fabrics of material, transmitting and move to the heating zone compression molding in a mold that temperature is 50 ~ 80 DEG C, and being moulded foam after keeping heating 15min; Cut the sample block of two pieces of 300*300*40mm in the foam as testing sample.
embodiment 2
Raw material and the preparation method of proportioning identical with embodiment 1 prepare phenolic resin type tensio-active agent;
Phenolic foamed plastics is by following parts by weight of raw materials proportioning preparation:
Conventional phenolic resin 80 parts
20 parts, phenolic resin type tensio-active agent
Whipping agent 6.3 parts
17 parts, solidifying agent
Described foam fabrication process is identical with embodiment 1; Add the consumption of described phenolic resin type tensio-active agent in weight proportion, because the molecular weight of phenolic resin type tensio-active agent is comparatively large, therefore the active group of unit weight is less relative to conventional phenolic resin, the corresponding minimizing of curing dose of needs; The corresponding increase of system viscosity after phenolic resin type amount of surfactant increases, therefore needs corresponding increase foaming agent consumption with satisfied foaming demand.
embodiment 3
Raw material and the preparation method of proportioning identical with embodiment 1 prepare phenolic resin type tensio-active agent;
Phenolic foamed plastics is by following parts by weight of raw materials proportioning preparation:
Conventional phenolic resin 75 parts
25 parts, phenolic resin type tensio-active agent
Whipping agent 6.8 parts
16 parts, solidifying agent
Described phenolic foamed plastics preparation process is identical with embodiment 1.
embodiment 4
Raw material and the preparation method of proportioning identical with embodiment 1 prepare phenolic resin type tensio-active agent;
Phenolic foamed plastics is by following parts by weight of raw materials proportioning preparation:
Conventional phenolic resin 65 parts
35 parts, phenolic resin type tensio-active agent
Whipping agent 7.2 parts
15 parts, solidifying agent
Described phenolic foamed plastics preparation process is identical with embodiment 1.
comparative example
Use the conventional phenolic resin identical with embodiment 1 to prepare phenol formaldehyde foam to inscribe, unlike the use of tween-80 as tensio-active agent, contrast with above-described embodiment, each raw material mass mixture ratio is as follows:
Conventional phenolic resin 96 parts
Tween-80 4 parts
Whipping agent 6 parts
19 parts, solidifying agent
Phenolic foamed plastics sample is prepared by the mode identical with embodiment 1.
The performance test results of the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example is as following table 1:
Table 1 embodiment and comparative example phenolic foamed plastics the performance test results synopsis
Visible according to the properties result that upper tabular is lifted, use phenolic resin type tensio-active agent relative conventional surfactants foam water-intake rate to decline to a great extent, pull strength gets a promotion, and heat-insulating property promotes.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. for a phenolic resin type tensio-active agent for phenolic foamed plastics, it is characterized in that, described phenolic resin type tensio-active agent is made up of the material comprising following weight part:
Alkylphenol 20 ~ 40 parts;
Phenol 60 ~ 80 parts;
Aldehydes 30 ~ 48 parts;
4 ~ 6 parts, urea;
Basic catalyst 0.8 ~ 1.5 part;
3 ~ 5 parts, water.
2. a kind of phenolic resin type tensio-active agent for phenolic foamed plastics according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described alkylphenol is the mixture of a kind of of nonyl phenol, dodecyl phenol, cardanol or octadecylphenol or at least two kinds.
3. a kind of phenolic resin type tensio-active agent for phenolic foamed plastics according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described aldehydes is the mixture of a kind of of formalin, paraformaldehyde and furfural or at least two kinds.
4. a kind of phenolic resin type tensio-active agent for phenolic foamed plastics according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described basic catalyst is one or more composite in ammoniacal liquor, trolamine, three ethanoldiamine, sodium hydroxide or hydrated barta.
5. the preparation method of the phenolic resin type tensio-active agent for phenolic foamed plastics according to Claims 1 to 4 any one, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Step one, whole alkylphenol, the phenol accounting for formula total amount 30%, the paraformaldehyde accounting for formula total amount 50% and whole water in formula are added reactor;
Step 2, with basic catalyst adjust PH to 8.0, be heated with stirring to 80 DEG C, under base catalysis condition, carry out prepolymerization;
After step 3, prepolymerization terminate, add remaining phenol and paraformaldehyde;
Step 4, continue to react under base catalysis condition, regulate PH7.5 ~ 8.0, be warming up to 90 DEG C with basic catalyst, extremely, the kinetic viscosity to mixture is 8000 ~ 10000cp.s in reaction, and cooling, gained is phenolic resin type tensio-active agent.
6. the phenolic foamed plastics utilizing the making of the method described in claim 5 phenolic resin type tensio-active agent to be made, is characterized in that: the phenolic resin type tensio-active agent of every 100 parts by weight of phenolic resin correspondence 10 ~ 40 parts in described phenolic foamed plastics.
7. phenolic foamed plastics according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described phenolic foamed plastics is made up of the material comprising following weight part:
Conventional phenolic resin 100 parts;
10 ~ 40 parts, phenolic resin type tensio-active agent;
Whipping agent 6 ~ 8 parts;
15 ~ 20 parts, solidifying agent.
8. phenolic foamed plastics according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described conventional phenolic resin is conventional expandable phenolic resin, and be the tawny transparent liquid of solid content 76 ~ 82%, the viscosity 25 DEG C time is 3000 ~ 5000mPa.S.
9. phenolic foamed plastics according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described solidifying agent is the mixture of a kind of in p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid, acid dimethyl, phenol sulfonic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid or at least two kinds.
10. the preparation method of the phenolic foamed plastics described in claim 6 ~ 9 any one, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step one, conventional phenolic resin is mixed with phenolic resin type tensio-active agent after add whipping agent and mix;
Step 2, in compound, add solidifying agent, compound and curing agent component are mixed under high velocity agitation fully, form compound;
Step 3, pour into and be in the mould of heated condition rapidly, also continuable be transported to lay plane materiel transmission mechanism on move it through heating zone, be prepared into phenolic foamed plastics, so far, preparation completes.
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