CN105174343A - Small-size device and method for seawater desalination by using diesel engine waste heat - Google Patents
Small-size device and method for seawater desalination by using diesel engine waste heat Download PDFInfo
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- CN105174343A CN105174343A CN201510586563.8A CN201510586563A CN105174343A CN 105174343 A CN105174343 A CN 105174343A CN 201510586563 A CN201510586563 A CN 201510586563A CN 105174343 A CN105174343 A CN 105174343A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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Abstract
The invention relates to a small-size device and method for seawater desalination by using diesel engine waste heat. The device comprises a condensation chamber, a heating chamber and an evaporation chamber, wherein the heating chamber is separated from the condensation chamber and the evaporation chamber by virtue of clapboards, and the condensation chamber is communicated with the evaporation chamber. The method comprises the following steps that: seawater exchanges heat with steam in a condensation heat exchanger; the steam is condensed into water when encountering cold, and the water is gathered in a water collecting tray and flows out of a fresh water outlet; the heated seawater enters a convection heat exchanger by virtue of a flow adjusting pipeline and exchanges heat with cylinder jacket cooling water; and the reheated seawater flows into a liquid distributor, is distributed to a falling film/heating tube nest, is heated by flue gas in the falling film/heating tube nest, and is vaporized on the outer wall or liquid surface of the falling film/heating tube nest, and the steam enters the condensation chamber. The small-size device for seawater desalination by using the diesel engine waste heat comprehensively uses the waste heat of the cylinder jacket cooling water and exhaust fume of a diesel engine to perform seawater desalination, so that the utilization ratio of the waste heat is high; and the process is simple, and the water-yielding rate is higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sea water desalinating plant, particularly relate to a kind of Miniature seawater desalination device utilizing diesel residual heat.
Background technology
For the boats and ships of offshore operation, water supply is most important.Large ship can store more fresh water, and powerplant module is comparatively large, can mate high-power seawater desalination machine, meet underway water needs.Medium and small-scale vessel tonnage is less, cabin limited space, cannot carry a large amount of fresh water, needs small-sized seawater desalination machine to continue to prepare fresh water.
At present, the middle and small scale method for desalting seawater of popularity is reverse osmosis method and distillation method.The advantage of reverse osmosis method is that device integrated level is high, only needs external source and seawater; Shortcoming needs to carry out multiple pre-treatment to seawater, and product water quality is not high, needs to change, and use electrical energy drive, be not suitable for the spitkit of power supply shortage when breaking appears in reverse osmosis membrane assembly.Distillation sea water desalting device generally uses steam or hot water as thermal source, simultaneously consume low amounts of power driving pump merit, and seawater water inlet does not need complicated pre-treatment, realize evaporative process at atmospheric or subatmospheric pressures, system stability is good, and product water quality is higher, can be used as the supplementary feed of domestic water or boiler.The particularly sea water desalinating plant of low temperature multiple-effect distillation, can utilize low grade heat energy to carry out sea water desaltination, reduces the energy consumption cost of water processed, and system operating temperature is lower, corrosion and scaling etc., and problem is greatly improved, and service life of equipment is long.But general multi-effect distillation system complex structure, weight is large, difficult dismounting, needs vacuum suction device to maintain system negative pressure, also needs special messenger's Operation and Maintenance.
Medium and small-scale vessel uses oil electric engine generating, and the jacket-cooling water of diesel engine needs cooled with seawater, and this part heat accounts for 20 ~ 30% of fuel oil total heat, generally drains with seawater; In addition, the funnel temperature of diesel engine is generally more than 300 DEG C, and this part heat accounts for 30% of fuel oil total heat, is discharged in air, and these two energy consumptions account for more than 50% of fuel oil total heat, and boats and ships can not effectively utilize this part energy, cause larger energy dissipation.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, be necessary for the problems referred to above, a kind of Miniature seawater desalination device and the method that utilize diesel residual heat are provided.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Utilize a Miniature seawater desalination device for diesel residual heat, comprise condensation chamber, heating chamber and evaporation cavity, described heating chamber is separated by dividing plate and condensation chamber and evaporation cavity, and described condensation chamber communicates with evaporation cavity;
Be provided with condensing heat exchanger in described condensation chamber, described condensing heat exchanger is connected with seawater intake pump, and described condensing heat exchanger has water accumulating disc, and described water accumulating disc is connected with water outlet;
Be provided with convection recuperator in described heating chamber, the feed-water end of described convection recuperator is connected by Flow-rate adjustment pipeline with the water side of condensing heat exchanger, and described Flow-rate adjustment pipeline is provided with charging seawater flow regulating valve, is jacket-cooling water in described heating chamber;
Falling liquid film/heating tube bundle is provided with in described evaporation cavity, be flue gas in described falling liquid film/heating tube bundle, described falling liquid film/heating tube bundle is provided with liquid distributor, described liquid distributor is connected with the water side of described convection recuperator, be provided with liquid level sensor bottom described evaporation cavity, described evaporation cavity is connected with concentrated seawater extractor pump.
Preferably, described Flow-rate adjustment pipeline is provided with excessive seawer outlet, and described excessive seawer outlet is positioned at flow control valve front portion.
Preferably, shown charging seawater flow regulating valve is automatically controlled valve based on evaporation cavity liquid level sensor feedback signal or manual modulation valve.
Preferably, be provided with gas-liquid separator in described condensation chamber, described gas-liquid separator is between water accumulating disc and condensation chamber chamber wall.
Preferably, described condensation chamber and evaporation cavity removably connect.
Preferably, be provided with gas approach end socket and exhanst gas outlet end socket outside described evaporation cavity, the two ends of described falling liquid film/heating tube bundle lay respectively in gas approach end socket and exhanst gas outlet end socket.
Preferably, described gas approach end socket and exhanst gas outlet end socket and evaporation cavity removably connect.
Utilize a method for desalting seawater for the Miniature seawater desalination device of diesel residual heat, comprise the following steps:
(1) condensation: seawater enters in condensing heat exchanger by intake pump, carries out heat exchange with steam; Steam is met condensation and is become water, is pooled to water accumulating disc and flows out from water outlet;
(2) heat: the seawater after step (1) heating enters convection recuperator by Flow-rate adjustment pipeline, carries out heat exchange with jacket-cooling water; Regulate seawater flow by charging seawater flow regulating valve, excessive seawater is discharged by excessive seawer outlet;
(3) distill: the seawater after step (2) heating flows into liquid distributor, cloth liquid is to falling liquid film/heating tube bundle, and by the flue gas heating in falling liquid film/heating tube bundle, in falling liquid film/heating tube bundle outer wall or liquid level vaporization, steam enters condensation chamber.
Preferably, the distillation in step (3) is falling-film distillation or full liquid distillation.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has obvious beneficial effect, and concrete beneficial effect is as follows:
(1) the present invention utilizes the Miniature seawater desalination device of diesel residual heat, in conjunction with the advantage of low temperature multiple-effect distillation device and common pyrogenic distillation device, comprehensive utilization diesel cylinder sleeve cooling water heat and smoke discharging residual heat carry out sea water desaltination, and the utilization ratio of waste heat is high;
(2) the present invention utilizes the agent structure of the Miniature seawater desalination device of diesel residual heat detachable, facilitates commute fouling parts to carry out cleaning, maintaining and even change, effectively solves pyrogenous fouling of heat exchangers problem; Flue gas import and export end socket and evaporation cavity are detachable, the flue dust in easy cleaning falling liquid film/heating tube bundle, the work-ing life of extension fixture;
(3) the present invention utilizes the Miniature seawater desalination device structure of diesel residual heat simple, and easy to operate, maintenance cost is low;
(4) the present invention utilizes the Miniature seawater desalination device of diesel residual heat can select two kinds of cloth liquid modes, can be carried out the switching of falling-film distillation process or full liquid still-process according to vessel motion situation by charging seawater flow regulating valve;
(5) the present invention utilizes the small-sized method for desalting seawater technique of diesel residual heat simple, and distillation temperature improves, and produce water speed sooner, output is higher; Owing to being distill at ambient pressure, save vacuum suction device, energy consumption is lower, practical.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the present invention utilizes the Miniature seawater desalination device of diesel residual heat.
Embodiment
In order to better the present invention is described, be described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of Miniature seawater desalination device utilizing diesel residual heat, comprises condensation chamber 1, heating chamber 16 and evaporation cavity 23, and described heating chamber 16 is separated by dividing plate and condensation chamber 1 and evaporation cavity 23, and described condensation chamber 1 communicates with evaporation cavity 23; Be provided with condensing heat exchanger 3 in described condensation chamber 1, described condensing heat exchanger 3 is connected with seawater intake pump 2, and described condensing heat exchanger 3 has water accumulating disc 5, and described water accumulating disc 5 is connected with water outlet 6; Be provided with in described heating chamber 16 and add convection recuperator 17, the feed-water end of described convection recuperator 17 is connected by Flow-rate adjustment pipeline with the water side of condensing heat exchanger 3, described Flow-rate adjustment pipeline is provided with charging seawater flow regulating valve 14, be jacket-cooling water in described heating chamber 16, described jacket-cooling water enters heating chamber 16 by jacket-cooling water water-in 18, flows out heating chamber 16 by jacket-cooling water water outlet 15; Falling liquid film/heating tube bundle 22 is provided with in described evaporation cavity 23, be flue gas in described falling liquid film/heating tube bundle 22, described falling liquid film/heating tube bundle 22 is provided with liquid distributor 19, and described liquid distributor 19 is connected with the water side of described convection recuperator 17, is provided with concentrated seawater extractor pump 11 bottom described evaporation cavity 23.The present invention utilizes the Miniature seawater desalination device of diesel residual heat, and in conjunction with the advantage of low temperature multiple-effect distillation device and common pyrogenic distillation device, comprehensive utilization diesel cylinder sleeve cooling water heat and smoke discharging residual heat carry out sea water desaltination, and the utilization ratio of waste heat is high.
Preferably, described Flow-rate adjustment pipeline is provided with excessive seawer outlet 13, and it is anterior that described excessive seawer outlet 13 is positioned at charging seawater flow regulating valve 14.More preferably, excessive seawater flow regulating valve 12 can also be set at described excessive seawer outlet 13 place, described excessive seawater flow regulating valve 12 and described charging seawater flow regulating valve 14 with the use of.Close excessive seawater flow regulating valve 12, open charging seawater flow regulating valve 14 completely and can input a large amount of charging seawater in convection recuperator; Part closes excessive seawater flow regulating valve, partially opens charging seawater flow regulating valve 14 and can input a small amount of charging seawater in convection recuperator.
Preferably, described charging seawater flow regulating valve 14 is automatically controlled valve based on evaporation cavity liquid level sensor feedback signal or manual modulation valve.When charging seawater flow regulating valve 14 is the automatically controlled valve based on evaporation cavity liquid level sensor feedback signal, described charging seawater flow regulating valve 14 is electrically connected with liquid level sensor 10, is controlled startup and the closedown of charging seawater flow regulating valve 14 by the feedback signal of liquid level sensor 10.
Preferably, described condensation chamber 1 removably connects with evaporation cavity 23.Described removably connecting can be connection by the fastening pieces such as screw nut 7.The present invention utilizes the agent structure of the Miniature seawater desalination device of diesel residual heat detachable, facilitates commute fouling parts to carry out cleaning, maintaining and even change, effectively solves pyrogenous fouling of heat exchangers problem, the work-ing life of extension fixture.
Preferably, be provided with gas approach end socket 20 and exhanst gas outlet end socket 8 outside described evaporation cavity 7, the two ends of described falling liquid film/heating tube bundle 22 lay respectively in gas approach end socket 20 and exhanst gas outlet end socket 8.Preferably, described gas approach end socket 20 and exhanst gas outlet end socket 8 removably connect with evaporation cavity 7.Described removably connecting can be connection by the fastening pieces such as screw nut 7.Gas approach end socket 20 end is connected with gas approach 21 pipeline, and exhanst gas outlet end socket end is connected with exhanst gas outlet 9 pipeline.Gas approach end socket 20, exhanst gas outlet end socket 8 are detachable with evaporation cavity 23, the flue dust in easy cleaning falling liquid film/heating tube bundle 22, the work-ing life of extension fixture.
Preferably, be provided with liquid level sensor 10 bottom described evaporation cavity 23, described liquid level sensor 10 is electrically connected with concentrated seawater extractor pump 11, for controlling startup and the closedown of concentrated seawater extractor pump 11, and then controls the discharge of concentrated seawater.
Preferably, be provided with gas-liquid separator 4 in described condensation chamber 1, described gas-liquid separator 4 is between water accumulating disc 5 and the chamber wall of condensation chamber 1, and the steam carrying fine droplet secretly rises and contacts with gas-liquid separator 4, filtering drop.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of method for desalting seawater utilizing the Miniature seawater desalination device of diesel residual heat, comprises the following steps:
(1) condensation: seawater enters in condensing heat exchanger 3 by seawater intake pump 2, carries out heat exchange with steam; Steam is met condensation and is become water, is pooled to water accumulating disc 5 and flows out from water outlet 6;
(2) heat: the seawater after step (1) heating enters convection recuperator 17 by Flow-rate adjustment pipeline, carries out heat exchange with jacket-cooling water; Regulate seawater flow by charging seawater flow regulating valve 14, excessive seawater is discharged by excessive seawer outlet 13;
(3) distill: the seawater after step (2) heating flows into liquid distributor 19, after liquid distributor bottom opening seawater flows out from this perforate, drip under gravity and pour falling liquid film/heating tube bundle 22 and form membranaceous flowing or full liquid type liquid level, by the flue gas heating in falling liquid film/heating tube bundle 22, in falling liquid film/heating tube bundle 22 outer wall or the vaporization of liquid level place, steam enters condensation chamber 1.
Preferably, the distillation in step (3) is falling-film distillation or full liquid distillation.Medium and small-scale vessel build is less, and rock comparatively large by Lidar Equation hull, traditional falling-film distillation process can cause cloth liquid uneven because rock, thus causes dry combustion method, accelerates the aging of heat-exchanging tube bundle and corrosion.The present invention considers the above-mentioned restriction of falling film evaporation process, devise and rock the adjustable cloth liquid form of the flow of feedback based on hull, the switching of falling-film distillation process or full liquid still-process can be carried out by charging seawater flow regulating valve 14 according to vessel motion situation, when hull rocks violent, use large discharge full liquid type cloth liquid; Use low discharge falling liquid film cloth liquid form time calm, heat-transfer effect is better, and water production rate can be higher.
The above embodiment only have expressed several embodiment of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (9)
1. utilize a Miniature seawater desalination device for diesel residual heat, it is characterized in that: comprise condensation chamber, heating chamber and evaporation cavity, described heating chamber is separated by dividing plate and condensation chamber and evaporation cavity, and described condensation chamber communicates with evaporation cavity;
Be provided with condensing heat exchanger in described condensation chamber, described condensing heat exchanger is connected with seawater intake pump, and described condensing heat exchanger has water accumulating disc, and described water accumulating disc is connected with water outlet;
Be provided with convection recuperator in described heating chamber, the feed-water end of described convection recuperator is connected by Flow-rate adjustment pipeline with the water side of condensing heat exchanger, and described Flow-rate adjustment pipeline is provided with charging seawater flow regulating valve, is jacket-cooling water in described heating chamber;
Falling liquid film/heating tube bundle is provided with in described evaporation cavity, be flue gas in described falling liquid film/heating tube bundle, described falling liquid film/heating tube bundle is provided with liquid distributor, described liquid distributor is connected with the water side of described convection recuperator, be provided with liquid level sensor bottom described evaporation cavity, described evaporation cavity is connected with concentrated seawater extractor pump.
2. the Miniature seawater desalination device utilizing diesel residual heat according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Flow-rate adjustment pipeline is provided with excessive seawer outlet, and it is anterior that described excessive seawer outlet is positioned at charging seawater flow regulating valve.
3. the Miniature seawater desalination device utilizing diesel residual heat according to claim 1, is characterized in that: shown flow control valve is automatically controlled valve based on evaporation cavity liquid level sensor feedback signal or manual modulation valve.
4. the Miniature seawater desalination device utilizing diesel residual heat according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with gas-liquid separator in described condensation chamber, described gas-liquid separator is between water accumulating disc and the chamber wall of condensation chamber.
5. the Miniature seawater desalination device utilizing diesel residual heat according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described condensation chamber and evaporation cavity removably connect.
6. the Miniature seawater desalination device utilizing diesel residual heat according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with gas approach end socket and exhanst gas outlet end socket outside described evaporation cavity, the two ends of described falling liquid film/heating tube bundle lay respectively in gas approach end socket and exhanst gas outlet end socket.
7. the Miniature seawater desalination device utilizing diesel residual heat according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described gas approach end socket and exhanst gas outlet end socket and evaporation cavity removably connect.
8. the method for desalting seawater utilizing the Miniature seawater desalination device of diesel residual heat according to claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps,
(1) condensation: seawater enters in condensing heat exchanger by seawater intake pump, carries out heat exchange with steam; Steam is met condensation and is become water, is pooled to water accumulating disc and flows out from water outlet;
(2) heat: the seawater after step (1) heating enters convection recuperator by Flow-rate adjustment pipeline, carries out heat exchange with jacket-cooling water; Regulate seawater flow by charging seawater flow regulating valve, excessive seawater is discharged by excessive seawer outlet;
(3) distill: the seawater after step (2) heating flows into liquid distributor, cloth liquid is to falling liquid film/heating tube bundle, and by the flue gas heating in falling liquid film/heating tube bundle, in falling liquid film/heating tube bundle outer wall vaporization, steam enters condensation chamber.
9. the method for desalting seawater utilizing the Miniature seawater desalination device of diesel residual heat according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the distillation in step (3) is falling-film distillation or full liquid distillation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510586563.8A CN105174343B (en) | 2015-09-15 | A kind of Miniature seawater desalination device and method using diesel residual heat |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510586563.8A CN105174343B (en) | 2015-09-15 | A kind of Miniature seawater desalination device and method using diesel residual heat |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105174343A true CN105174343A (en) | 2015-12-23 |
| CN105174343B CN105174343B (en) | 2018-08-31 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107188256A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-22 | 广州中国科学院先进技术研究所 | Marine seawater desalination system |
| CN108190988A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-22 | 常州思宇知识产权运营有限公司 | A kind of heat-pipe type sea-water desalinating using fume afterheat |
| CN108975438A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-11 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of LNG Power Vessel LNG is regasified and fresh water preparation system and method |
| CN109437353A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-03-08 | 海汇集团有限公司 | Single-action desalination plant |
| CN109502672A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-03-22 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | A kind of washable sea water desalting equipment |
| CN110217846A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-09-10 | 金盛海洋科技有限公司 | A kind of UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN seawater desalination system |
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| CN102092808A (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2011-06-15 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Device for desalinating seawater by utilizing residual heat of tail gas exhausted by diesel engine |
| CN103739030A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-23 | 众和海水淡化工程有限公司 | Waste heat utilizing seawater desalination system |
| CN203962198U (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-11-26 | 广州中国科学院先进技术研究所 | A kind of diesel generator hot and cold water chp system |
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| EP1413554A1 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2004-04-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gas and steam power plant for desalination of water |
| CN101792191A (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2010-08-04 | 何宗彦 | Internal-combustion engine assisted sea water desalinization/poor-quality water purification method and device thereof |
| CN102092808A (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2011-06-15 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Device for desalinating seawater by utilizing residual heat of tail gas exhausted by diesel engine |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107188256A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-22 | 广州中国科学院先进技术研究所 | Marine seawater desalination system |
| CN108190988A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-22 | 常州思宇知识产权运营有限公司 | A kind of heat-pipe type sea-water desalinating using fume afterheat |
| CN108975438A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-11 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of LNG Power Vessel LNG is regasified and fresh water preparation system and method |
| CN108975438B (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2021-07-13 | 江苏科技大学 | LNG regasification and fresh water preparation system and method for LNG power ship |
| CN109502672A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-03-22 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | A kind of washable sea water desalting equipment |
| CN109502672B (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2021-10-26 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | Seawater desalination equipment capable of being disassembled and washed |
| CN109437353A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-03-08 | 海汇集团有限公司 | Single-action desalination plant |
| CN109437353B (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2024-02-27 | 海汇集团有限公司 | Single-effect sea water desalination device |
| CN110217846A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-09-10 | 金盛海洋科技有限公司 | A kind of UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN seawater desalination system |
| CN110217846B (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2022-02-22 | 金盛海洋科技有限公司 | Waste heat utilization seawater desalination system |
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