CN105174278B - A kind of method that soil conditioner is prepared using modified attapulgite as primary raw material - Google Patents
A kind of method that soil conditioner is prepared using modified attapulgite as primary raw material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The method that soil conditioner is prepared the invention discloses a kind of preparation method of modified attapulgite and using modified attapulgite as primary raw material, the preparation method of concave convex rod comprise the following steps：(a) concave convex rod is placed in a reservoir, then adds 1~4mol/l hydrochloric acid in a reservoir；(b) the above-mentioned concave convex rod being soaked in hydrochloric acid is placed in microwave in microwave field and activates 15~30min, microwave power is 30~50w；(c) concave convex rod for activating above-mentioned acidified and microwave loads elution device, with water wash to washings pH=6~7；(d) above-mentioned washed concave convex rod is filtered under the conditions of vacuum is 0.05~0.08MPa；(e) concave convex rod that above-mentioned suction filtration obtains is dried at 100~200 DEG C, ground and cross 100~300 mesh sieve, obtain modified concave convex rod.The physical property of soil can effectively be improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to green technology and agricultural fertilizer technical field, it is modified more specifically, being related to a kind of microwave acidification
Concave convex rod passivation heavy metal-polluted soil method, further relate to a kind of preparation method of novel agricultural fertilizer.
Background technology
With the fast development of industry, production development activity increasingly highlights the consequence of failure of soil environment.Soil
Earth heavy metal pollution becomes serious environmental problem, can not only influence Agriculture Production and Food Security, Er Qiehui
The safety of the environmental elements closely bound up with human lives such as underground water is influenced indirectly.Further, since soil is excessively applied for a long time
Chemical fertilizer, pesticide, for the natural ecosystems of soil by serious destruction, soil lacks activity trace element, and microorganism structure is lost
Weighing apparatus, soil physical chemistry structure, water content, organic matter, the activity of protein (enzyme) are all adversely affected.Country《Environmental protection " ten
Two or five " plan》In clearly propose, strengthen the protection of soil environment, promote key area contaminated site and soil remediation.From soil
From the point of view of the destructurized situation of formation feature and soil ecology of heavy metal pollution, soil environment improvement will be one long-term
Incremental process, therefore, there is an urgent need to it is a kind of efficiently, cost is low and will not produce the modification method of secondary pollution.
At present, the domestic and international method for administering heavy metal pollution of soil can be basically divided into Physical, chemical method and biology and repair
3 major classes such as multiple method.Wherein, Physical cost is higher, biological restoration complex process, not easy to operate, and chemical method cost it is relatively low,
Easy to operate, effect stability, therefore, in practice using more.Solidification method (deactivation method) is a kind of common chemical method, it will not
Destruction soil texture, the cycle is short, simple and practicable, cost is relatively low, thus is widely applied.Solidification method refers to by soil
Middle addition curing agent (passivator), heavy metal forms the relatively low solid mixture of permeability under the action of curing agent, will a huge sum of money
Category is sealed up for safekeeping in solidfied material, so as to reduce the migration of heavy metal element in the soil.
Concave convex rod is a kind of common heavy metal inorganic passivant.Concave convex rod is also known as palygorskite (Palygorskite), is
The clay mineral of zeopan containing Shuifu County of a kind of layer of chain structure, is mineralogically under the jurisdiction of sepiolite group.Because under its Electronic Speculum
Microstructure to be needle-shaped, bar-shaped, because of referred to herein as concave convex rod.The crystal structure of concave convex rod such as attached drawing 1.The special fibre of attapulgite
Tie up the performances such as structure, unusual colloid, absorption and decoloration, be widely used in chemical industry, light industry, agricultural, weaving, building materials,
, there are " kings of thousand soil ", " soil of general-purpose " in the fields such as geological prospecting, casting, silicate industry, atomic energy industry, environmental protection and pharmacy
Etc. laudatory title.
The patent of the current soil conditioner in relation to that can be passivated heavy metal-polluted soil but also increase soil fertility is also fewer.
The Chinese patent of Publication No. CN104560046A discloses a kind of preparation and application of Heavy Metals in Soil Contaminated passivator, passivation
Agent is mixed to form by the raw material of following percentage by weight：Natural clay mineral material 30%~60%, industrial non-hazardous waste
30%~60%, cation-exchanger 10%~20%.Natural clay mineral material is bentonite, the oxidation of attapulgite, calcium and magnesium
One or more of mixing in thing, magnalium hydrotalcite or hydroxyapatite.Cation-exchanger component is X-type molecular sieve or 4A types point
Son sieve.The passivator can reach passivation heavy metal in soil Cd, Cu, Hg, reduce soil crop can utilize state heavy metal Cd,
The content of Cu, Hg.But cation-exchanger-the molecular sieve used in this method, its chemical synthesis cost is higher and naturally stores up
Amount is again very limited, this will undoubtedly influence its large-scale application.The Chinese patent of Publication No. CN102464512A discloses
A kind of preparation method of natural mineral fertilizer.The raw material for preparing natural mineral fertilizer is：Concave convex rod, chicken manure, beneficial microbe.My god
The preparation method of right mineral fertilizer is by concave convex rod, chicken manure, beneficial microbe mixed fermentation.Obtained natural mineral fertilizer can
Soil can be improved to a certain extent, improve quality of agricultural product.But concave convex rod is not through overactivation in the natural mineral fertilizer
Processing counterweight metal passivation effect is poor, and in addition harmful microorganism existing for chicken manure may be removed and is not thorough, and chicken manure is collected and is stranded
Difficulty, this certainly will will increase cost of investment.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of prior art, there is provided the preparation method of a kind of modified attapulgite and to change
Property concave convex rod be the primary raw material method for preparing soil conditioner.This method can effectively passivation heavy metal-polluted soil while,
Organic and inorganic nutriment necessary to being provided for the growth of crops, reduces the use of chemical fertilizer, thus reach improvement soil oneself
The purpose of right ecologic structure.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of preparation method of modified attapulgite of the present invention, it comprises the following steps：
(a) concave convex rod is placed in a reservoir, then adds 1~4mol/l hydrochloric acid, wherein hydrochloric acid in a reservoir：Concave convex rod
Ratio be 3ml:1g~5ml:1g；
(b) the above-mentioned concave convex rod being soaked in hydrochloric acid is placed in microwave in microwave field and activates 15~30min, microwave power is
30~50w；
(c) concave convex rod for activating above-mentioned acidified and microwave loads elution device, with water wash to washings pH=6
~7；
(d) above-mentioned washed concave convex rod is filtered under the conditions of vacuum is 0.05~0.08MPa；
(e) concave convex rod that above-mentioned suction filtration obtains is dried at 100~200 DEG C, ground and cross 100~300 mesh sieve, obtained
To modified concave convex rod.
A kind of method that soil conditioner is prepared using modified attapulgite as primary raw material of the present invention, it includes following step
Suddenly:
(1) by dry crops stalk crushing；
(2) modified concave convex rod and beneficial bacterium strain are added in the stalk after crushing, wherein modified attapulgite quality
Fraction is 40%~60%, and stalk mass fraction is 40%~60%, and beneficial bacterium additive amount is concave convex rod and stalk gross mass
0.2%~1%；
(3) stalk after modified concave convex rod, beneficial bacterium strain and crushing is uniformly mixed, then adds suitable water, made
The moisture content of mixture be 30%~50%, then temperature be 50~70 DEG C at ferment, in fermentation process every 0.5~1h into
Row machinery stirs, and ferments 7~10 days, and soil conditioner product is made；
The preparation method of the concave convex rod of modification in the step (2) is：
(a) concave convex rod is placed in a reservoir, then adds 1~4mol/l hydrochloric acid, wherein hydrochloric acid in a reservoir：Concave convex rod
Ratio be 3ml:1g~5ml:1g；
(b) the above-mentioned concave convex rod being soaked in hydrochloric acid is placed in microwave in microwave field and activates 15~30min, microwave power is
30~50w；
(c) concave convex rod for activating above-mentioned acidified and microwave loads elution device, with water wash to washings pH=6
~7；
(d) above-mentioned washed concave convex rod is filtered under the conditions of vacuum is 0.05~0.08MPa；
(e) concave convex rod that above-mentioned suction filtration obtains is dried at 100-200 DEG C, ground and cross 100~300 mesh sieve, obtained
To modified concavo-convex rod product.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1. one of raw material of modifying agent concave convex rod is natural material, domestic rich reserves, derive from a wealth of sources, compared to other soil
Earth Heavy Metal Pollution Control method, cost are lower.
2. concave convex rod has chemical inertness, the feature of environmental protection is good, will not produce secondary pollution, and contain multiple beneficial in concave convex rod
Trace element, including：Potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, phosphorus, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, vanadium, copper, zinc, silicon, selenium, iodine, strontium, lithium etc., can be by
Plant absorption and utilization, promote the growth of plant, improve the quality of agricultural product.
3. the modified concave convex rod of microwave acidification has special nanoporous crystal structure, soil can be effectively improved
Physical property, particularly increase soil to the transparent performance of moisture, its water-retaining property can be increased to sand, it is hardened to viscous weight
Soil can increase its water penetration；Concave convex rod also has very strong adsorptivity and internal specific surface area, can control and fixing soil
In nutrient, prevent the nutrient loss in soil and impoverishment.
4. the effect of the soil conditioner processing heavy metal-polluted soil of the present invention is good, the concave convex rod pair being modified by microwave acidification
The adsorption capacity of heavy metal ion greatly increases, and plant can be greatly decreased using state content of beary metal in soil, and passivation effect
Steadily in the long term.
5. the present invention prepares soil conditioner using rural area waste crop straws as raw material, traditional burn is not only solved
The pollution problem brought is burnt, stalk is also become fertilizer, realization is turned waste into wealth, and soil fertility significantly improves.
6. the present invention adsorbs organic nutriment in stalk in concave convex rod duct, modifying agent is applied in soil can be slow
Nutrient therein is discharged, fertilizer conservation, the effect of section fertilizer can be reached.
7. present invention process route is simple, mild condition, it is easy to production on a large scale and application.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is existing concave convex rod electron microscope；
Fig. 2 is a kind of preparation flow schematic diagram of the preparation method of modified attapulgite of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the preparation flow schematic diagram of the soil conditioner of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of preparation method of modified attapulgite of the invention as shown in Figure 2, it comprises the following steps：
(a) concave convex rod is placed in a reservoir, then adds 1~4mol/l hydrochloric acid, wherein hydrochloric acid in a reservoir：Concave convex rod
Ratio be 3:1~5:1(ml:g)；
(b) the above-mentioned concave convex rod being soaked in hydrochloric acid is placed in microwave in microwave field and activates 15~30min, microwave power is
30~50w；
(c) concave convex rod for activating above-mentioned acidified and microwave loads elution device, with water wash to washings pH=6
~7；
(d) above-mentioned washed concave convex rod is filtered under the conditions of vacuum is 0.05~0.08MPa；
(e) concave convex rod that above-mentioned suction filtration obtains is dried at 100~200 DEG C, ground and cross 100~300 mesh sieve, obtained
To modified concave convex rod.
More than one of as shown in Figure 3 of the invention state the side that modified attapulgite prepares soil conditioner for primary raw material
Method, it comprises the following steps:
(1) by dry crops stalk crushing；
(2) modified concave convex rod and beneficial bacterium strain are added in the stalk after crushing, wherein modified attapulgite quality
Fraction is 40%~60%, and stalk mass fraction is 40%~60%, and beneficial bacterium additive amount is concave convex rod and stalk gross mass
0.2%~1%；
(3) stalk after modified concave convex rod, beneficial bacterium strain and crushing is uniformly mixed, then adds suitable water, made
The moisture content of mixture be 30%~50%, then temperature be 50~70 DEG C at ferment, in fermentation process every 0.5~1h into
Row machinery stirs, and ferments 7~10 days, and soil conditioner product is made；
The preparation method of the concave convex rod of modification in the step (2) is：
(a) concave convex rod is placed in a reservoir, then adds 1~4mol/l hydrochloric acid, wherein hydrochloric acid in a reservoir：Concave convex rod
Ratio be 3:1~5:1(ml:g)；
(b) the above-mentioned concave convex rod being soaked in hydrochloric acid is placed in microwave in microwave field and activates 15~30min, microwave power is
30~50w；
(c) concave convex rod for activating above-mentioned acidified and microwave loads elution device, with water wash to washings pH=6
~7；
(d) above-mentioned washed concave convex rod is filtered under the conditions of vacuum is 0.05~0.08MPa；
(e) concave convex rod that above-mentioned suction filtration obtains is dried at 100-200 DEG C, ground and cross 100~300 mesh sieve, obtained
To modified concavo-convex rod product.
The concave convex rod that microwave acidification is modified greatly improves the adsorption capacity of heavy metal ion, its reason is：
A. after acid soak, concave convex rod internal tetrahedrons are partly dissolved concave convex rod with octahedron, and number of perforations increase, compares surface
Product increase, absorption property enhancing；
B. in concave convex rod duct containing impurity such as carbonate etc., acidified processing can remove be distributed in it is miscellaneous in duct
Matter, dredges duct；
C. since the cation interchangeability of concave convex rod, the less H+ of radius displace interlayer portion K+, Na+, Ca2+,
Mg2+ plasmas, increase pore volume.
Embodiment 1
Modified attapulgite is prepared, is concretely comprised the following steps：
(a) 20g attapulgites are taken to add the hydrochloric acid of 60mL-1mol/l in beaker；
(b) the above-mentioned concave convex rod being soaked in hydrochloric acid is placed in microwave in microwave field and activates 15min, microwave power 30w；
(c) concave convex rod for activating above-mentioned acidified and microwave loads elution device, with water wash to washings pH=
7；
(d) above-mentioned washed concave convex rod is filtered under the conditions of vacuum is 0.05MPa；
(e) concave convex rod that above-mentioned suction filtration obtains is dried at 100 DEG C, ground and cross 100 mesh sieve, obtain microwave acidification
Modified concave convex rod.
Contaminated soil is taken, tests Heavy Metals in Contaminated Soils content：Cd-16.2mg/kg、Cu-191.3mg/kg、Hg-
3.6mg/kg、Cr-340.7mg/kg、Zn-386.5mg/kg、As-56.9mg/kg、Pb-412.2mg/kg。
The modified attapulgite of above-mentioned preparation is mixed to detect the passivation effect of heavy metal-polluted soil with contaminated soil and is carried out, tool
Body step is as follows：
The above-mentioned contaminated soil that 3 parts of quality are 1kg is weighed, labeled as A, B, C.C is the contaminated soil of blank.To A, B
In be separately added into concavo-convex rod product modified in the unmodified attapulgites of 10g and 10g this implementation, by above two concave convex rod and soil
Earth is uniformly mixed respectively, is drenched into suitable water, and it is 25%~40% to ensure soil moisture content.In addition, also drenched into equivalent in C
Water.Heavy metal-polluted soil leaching content is surveyed after being kept for 30 days, 30 days, measurement result see the table below：
| Numbering | Cd/mg | Cu/mg | Hg/mg | Cr/mg | Zn/mg | As/mg | Pb/mg |
| A | 5.512 | 171.60 | 3.142 | 270.52 | 345.53 | 46.43 | 364.80 |
| B | 4.03 | 121.84 | 1.804 | 192.54 | 205.73 | 31.51 | 192.84 |
| C | 15.88 | 188.42 | 3.24 | 336.32 | 376.5 | 54.5 | 400.38 |
As can be seen from the above table：Concave convex rod that is unmodified and being modified through microwave acidification has passivation to heavy metal in soil
Effect, but through the concave convex rod that microwave acidification was modified since number of perforations increase, surface area increase, adsorption capacity strengthen, so
Its passivation effect to heavy metal is better than unmodified concave convex rod.
Modified attapulgite prepared by this implementation is used to prepare soil conditioner for primary raw material, it comprises the following steps:
(1) by dry crops stalk crushing；
(2) modified concave convex rod and beneficial bacterium strain are added in the stalk after crushing, wherein modified attapulgite quality
Fraction is 40%, and stalk mass fraction is 60%, and beneficial bacterium additive amount is the 0.2% of concave convex rod and stalk gross mass；
(3) stalk after modified concave convex rod, beneficial bacterium strain and crushing is uniformly mixed, drenches into suitable water, make
The water content for stating mixture is 30%, is fermented at being then 50 DEG C in temperature, and carrying out machinery every 1h in fermentation process stirs, and sends out
Ferment 7 days, is made soil conditioner product.
This soil conditioner product is tested through large area, the industrial crops such as melon and fruit dish volume increase 20% or so, crop products
Nutritional quality, exterior quality, marketing quality improve 1 grade.Vitamin C content improves 20% in fruit, and soluble sugar carries
High 1-2 degree.The agricultural product of production can reach national green food, organic food test stone.And the industrial crops such as melon and fruit dish
In planting process, fertilizer application amount reduces about 10%.
Embodiment 2
Modified attapulgite is prepared, is concretely comprised the following steps：
(a) 60g attapulgites are taken to add the hydrochloric acid of 180mL-2mol/l in beaker,；
(b) the above-mentioned concave convex rod being soaked in hydrochloric acid is placed in microwave in microwave field and activates 20min, microwave power 40w；
(c) concave convex rod for activating above-mentioned acidified and microwave loads elution device, with water wash to washings pH=
6；
(d) above-mentioned washed concave convex rod is filtered under the conditions of vacuum is 0.06MPa；
(e) concave convex rod that above-mentioned suction filtration obtains is dried at 150 DEG C, ground and cross 150 mesh sieve, obtain the recessed of modification
Convex rod.
Contaminated soil is taken, after tested heavy metal in soil content：Cd-16.2mg/kg、Cu-191.3mg/kg、Hg-
3.6mg/kg、Cr-340.7mg/kg、Zn-386.5mg/kg、As-56.9mg/kg、Pb-412.2mg/kg。
The modified attapulgite of above-mentioned preparation is mixed to detect the passivation effect of heavy metal-polluted soil with contaminated soil and is carried out, tool
Body step is as follows：
1 part of the above-mentioned contaminated soil that quality is 1kg is weighed, labeled as D.The concave convex rod of the above-mentioned gained of 50g is added into D
Product, contaminated soil and above-mentioned concave convex rod product mix is uniform, drench into suitable water, ensure soil moisture content for 25%~
40%.Heavy metal-polluted soil leaching content is surveyed after being kept for 30 days, 30 days, measurement result see the table below：
| Numbering | Cd/mg | Cu/mg | Hg/mg | Cr/mg | Zn/mg | As/mg | Pb/mg |
| D | 1.988 | 89.704 | 0.682 | 136.47 | 105.48 | 20.01 | 144.76 |
As can be seen from the above table：Compared with the concave convex rod being passivated with 1mol/L hydrochloric acid, due to what is be passivated through 2mol/L hydrochloric acid
Concave convex rod number of perforations is more, specific surface area bigger, adsorption capacity are stronger, thus to the passivation ability of heavy metal also more preferably.
Modified attapulgite prepared by this implementation is used to prepare soil conditioner for primary raw material, it comprises the following steps:
(1) by dry crops stalk crushing；
(2) modified concave convex rod and beneficial bacterium strain are added in the stalk after crushing, wherein modified attapulgite quality
Fraction is 50%, and stalk mass fraction is 50%, and beneficial bacterium additive amount is the 0.6% of concave convex rod and stalk gross mass；
(3) stalk after modified concave convex rod, beneficial bacterium strain and crushing is uniformly mixed, drenches into suitable water, make
It is 35% to state mixture water content, is fermented at being then 60 DEG C in temperature, and carrying out machinery every 0.5h in fermentation process stirs, and sends out
Ferment 8 days, is made soil conditioner product.
This soil conditioner product is tested through large area, the industrial crops such as melon and fruit dish volume increase 30% or so, crop products
Nutritional quality, exterior quality, marketing quality improve 1 grade.Vitamin C content improves 20% in fruit, and soluble sugar carries
High 1-2 degree.The agricultural product of production can reach national green food, organic food test stone.And the industrial crops such as melon and fruit dish
In planting process, fertilizer application amount reduces about 14%.
Embodiment 3
Modified attapulgite is prepared, is concretely comprised the following steps：
(a) 120g attapulgites are taken to add the hydrochloric acid of 480mL-3mol/l in beaker；
(b) the above-mentioned concave convex rod being soaked in hydrochloric acid is placed in microwave in microwave field and activates 30min, microwave power 45w；
(c) concave convex rod for activating above-mentioned acidified and microwave loads elution device, with water wash to washings pH=
6.5；
(d) above-mentioned washed concave convex rod is filtered under the conditions of vacuum is 0.08MPa；
(e) concave convex rod that above-mentioned suction filtration obtains is dried at 150 DEG C, ground and cross 200 mesh sieve, obtain the recessed of modification
Convex rod.
Contaminated soil is taken, after tested heavy metal in soil content：Cd-16.2mg/kg、Cu-191.3mg/kg、Hg-
3.6mg/kg、Cr-340.7mg/kg、Zn-386.5mg/kg、As-56.9mg/kg、Pb-412.2mg/kg。
The modified attapulgite of above-mentioned preparation is mixed to detect the passivation effect of heavy metal-polluted soil with contaminated soil and is carried out, tool
Body step is as follows：
1 part of the above-mentioned contaminated soil that quality is 1kg is weighed, labeled as E.The modification of the above-mentioned gained of 100g is added into E
Concavo-convex rod product, contaminated soil and concave convex rod product mix is uniform, drench into suitable water, ensure soil moisture content for 25%~
40%.Heavy metal-polluted soil leaching content is surveyed after being kept for 30 days, 30 days, measurement result see the table below：
| Numbering | Cd/mg | Cu/mg | Hg/mg | Cr/mg | Zn/mg | As/mg | Pb/mg |
| E | 0.1763 | 10.16 | 0.1575 | 17.16 | 25.79 | 6.31 | 81.66 |
It is very good with the concave convex rod of 3mol/l hydrochloric Acid Modifications, heavy metal-polluted soil passivation effect.Indices are satisfied by country
Soil quality secondary standard：Ensure agricultural production, safeguard the soil limits value of health.Secondary standard：Cd-0.3mg/kg、
Cu-50mg/kg、Hg-0.3mg/kg、Cr-150mg/kg、Zn-200mg/kg、As-30mg/kg、Pb-250mg/kg.And this hair
Bright test period 30 days, it is believed that the heavy metal of the concave convex rod that is modified passivation is more stable, it is not easy to is absorbed by plants again.
Modified attapulgite prepared by this implementation is used to prepare soil conditioner for primary raw material, it comprises the following steps:
(1) by dry crops stalk crushing；
(2) modified concave convex rod and beneficial bacterium strain are added in the stalk after crushing, wherein modified attapulgite quality
Fraction is 55%, and stalk mass fraction is 45%, and beneficial bacterium additive amount is the 1% of concave convex rod and stalk gross mass；
(3) stalk after modified concave convex rod, beneficial bacterium strain and crushing is uniformly mixed, drenches into suitable water, make
The water content for stating mixture is 40%, is fermented at being then 60 DEG C in temperature, and carrying out machinery every 0.8h in fermentation process stirs,
Fermentation 10 days, is made soil conditioner product.
This soil conditioner product is tested through large area, the industrial crops such as melon and fruit dish volume increase 60% or so, crop products
Nutritional quality, exterior quality, marketing quality improve 1 grade.Vitamin C content improves 30% in fruit, and soluble sugar carries
High 1-2 degree.The agricultural product of production can reach national green food, organic food test stone.And the industrial crops such as melon and fruit dish
In planting process, fertilizer application amount reduces about 20%.
Embodiment 4
Modified attapulgite is prepared, is concretely comprised the following steps：
(a) 100g attapulgites are taken to add the hydrochloric acid of 500mL-4mol/l in beaker；
(b) the above-mentioned concave convex rod being soaked in hydrochloric acid is placed in microwave in microwave field and activates 30min, microwave power 50w；
(c) concave convex rod for activating above-mentioned acidified and microwave loads elution device, with water wash to washings pH=
7；
(d) above-mentioned washed concave convex rod is filtered under the conditions of vacuum is 0.065MPa；
(e) concave convex rod that above-mentioned suction filtration obtains is dried at 200 DEG C, ground and cross 300 mesh sieve, obtain the recessed of modification
Convex rod.Contaminated soil is taken, after tested heavy metal in soil content：
The modified attapulgite of above-mentioned preparation is mixed to detect the passivation effect of heavy metal-polluted soil with contaminated soil and is carried out, tool
Body step is as follows：
1 part of the above-mentioned contaminated soil that quality is 1kg is taken, labeled as F.The above-mentioned modified attapulgite products of 80g are added into F
(the hydrochloric acid acidifying of 4mol/l, microwave activation 30min), modified attapulgite product is uniformly mixed with contaminated soil, is drenched into appropriate
Water, ensure soil moisture content be 25%~40%.Heavy metal-polluted soil leaching content is surveyed after being kept for 30 days, 30 days, measurement result is shown in
Following table：
| Numbering | Cd/mg | Cu/mg | Hg/mg | Cr/mg | Zn/mg | As/mg | Pb/mg |
| F | 2.71 | 110.94 | 1.179 | 176.76 | 264.12 | 30.58 | 105.92 |
As can be seen from the above table：It is excessive due to hydrochloric acid, with octahedra sun in the acidified modified concave convex rod of 4mol/L hydrochloric acid
When ion is near being completely dissolved, tetrahedral structure loses support and causes structure collapses, and specific surface area declines, and Cation adsorption-
Passivation effect declines to a great extent, or even to absorption-blunt of most of heavy metal ion adsorbed-passivation effect than the hydrochloric acid with 2mol/l
It is also poor to change effect.But compared with unmodified concave convex rod, with the acidified modified concave convex rod of 4mol/L hydrochloric acid to a soil huge sum of money
The adsorption capacity of category is significantly superior.
Modified attapulgite prepared by this implementation is used to prepare soil conditioner for primary raw material, it comprises the following steps:
(1) by dry crops stalk crushing；
(2) modified concave convex rod and beneficial bacterium strain are added in the stalk after crushing, wherein modified attapulgite quality
Fraction is 60%, and stalk mass fraction is 40%, and beneficial bacterium additive amount is the 1% of concave convex rod and stalk gross mass；
(3) stalk after modified concave convex rod, beneficial bacterium strain and crushing is uniformly mixed, drenches into suitable water, make
The moisture content for stating mixture is 50%, is fermented at being then 70 DEG C in temperature, and carrying out machinery every 1h in fermentation process stirs, and sends out
Ferment 8.5 days, is made soil conditioner product.
This soil conditioner product is tested through large area, the industrial crops such as melon and fruit dish volume increase 18% or so, crop products
Nutritional quality, exterior quality, marketing quality improve 1 grade.Vitamin C content improves 20% in fruit, and soluble sugar carries
High 1-2 degree.The agricultural product of production can reach national green food, organic food test stone.And the industrial crops such as melon and fruit dish
In planting process, fertilizer application amount reduces about 8%.
Embodiment above has carried out specific description, but content of the present invention to the method for the present invention
Be not restricted to above case study on implementation, if in the main scope without departing from the present invention, can to experiment condition and method into
The flexible change of row.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. method that soil conditioner is prepared using modified attapulgite as primary raw material, it is characterised in that it includes following step Suddenly:(1) by dry crops stalk crushing；(2) modified concave convex rod and beneficial bacterium strain are added in the stalk after crushing, wherein modified attapulgite mass fraction For 40%~60%, stalk mass fraction is 40%~60%, and beneficial bacterium additive amount is the 0.2% of concave convex rod and stalk gross mass ~1%；(3) stalk after modified concave convex rod, beneficial bacterium strain and crushing is uniformly mixed, then adds suitable water, make mixing The moisture content of thing is 30%~50%, ferments at being then 50~70 DEG C in temperature, machine is carried out every 0.5~1h in fermentation process Tool stirs, and ferments 7~10 days, and soil conditioner product is made；The preparation method of the concave convex rod of modification in the step (2) is：(a) concave convex rod is placed in a reservoir, then adds 1~4mol/l hydrochloric acid, wherein hydrochloric acid in a reservoir：The ratio of concave convex rod Example is 3ml:1g~5ml:1g；(b) the above-mentioned concave convex rod being soaked in hydrochloric acid is placed in microwave field microwave and activates 15~30min, microwave power for 30~ 50w；(c) concave convex rod for activating above-mentioned acidified and microwave loads elution device, with water wash to washings pH=6~7；(d) above-mentioned washed concave convex rod is filtered under the conditions of vacuum is 0.05~0.08MPa；(e) concave convex rod that above-mentioned suction filtration obtains is dried at 100-200 DEG C, ground and cross 100~300 mesh sieve, changed The concavo-convex rod product of property.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN107057713A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-18 | 安徽省明美矿物化工有限公司 | A kind of concave convex rod soil conditioner and preparation method |
| CN107043113B (en) * | 2017-06-10 | 2019-06-04 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | A kind of method of microwave-assisted high-pressure homogeneous depolymerization attapulgite crystalline substance beam |
| CN108192622B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-06-04 | 广州天蓝地绿科技发展有限公司 | Psammophytes decomposition promotor and its application |
| CN109054856A (en) * | 2018-09-16 | 2018-12-21 | 安徽乐农环保科技有限公司 | Soil modification clay mineral and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101711973A (en) * | 2008-10-07 | 2010-05-26 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | Preparation method of modified attapulgite particle retention and filtration aid |
| CN104437381B (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2017-05-31 | 厦门理工学院 | The method of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the method and application attapulgite treatment oil extraction waste water of the organically-modified attapulgite of microwave |
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