CN105162421A - Millimeter wave and terahertz sixteenth harmonic mixer based on avalanche diode - Google Patents
Millimeter wave and terahertz sixteenth harmonic mixer based on avalanche diode Download PDFInfo
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- CN105162421A CN105162421A CN201410260675.XA CN201410260675A CN105162421A CN 105162421 A CN105162421 A CN 105162421A CN 201410260675 A CN201410260675 A CN 201410260675A CN 105162421 A CN105162421 A CN 105162421A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a millimeter wave and terahertz sixteenth harmonic mixer based on an avalanche diode. On the basis of a microstrip transmission line and an avalanche diode that is connected to the ground in parallel, the harmonic mixer also includes a coplanar waveguide one-side fin line transmission line, two double-folded compact microstrip resonant cells (DCMRC), and a three-parallel coupling line DC block. The combination of the two double-folded compact microstrip resonant cells (DCMRC) that work at different frequencies helps to effectively improve isolation between a local oscillator and an intermediate frequency port, between a local oscillator and a radio frequency port and between an intermediate frequency port and a radio frequency port, and also enables the reactive load of a terminal at an idle harmonic frequency to be flexibly adjusted. Through the above way, the work frequency of a local oscillator is greatly reduced, the performance is greatly improved, and the cost is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to millimeter-wave technology field, particularly relate to a kind of millimeter based on avalanche diode and involve Terahertz ten fifth overtone frequency mixer.
Background technology
Involve Terahertz frequency range at millimeter, be applied to the Schottky diode secondary in reception and transmitter or four-time harmonic frequency mixer, its local oscillator excitation signal frequency is still higher, and conversion loss is simultaneously larger.If utilize the harmonic wave of more high reps to carry out mixing, conversion loss then increases very large.P.A.Rolland is at IEEETransactionsonMicrowaveTheoryandTechniques, 24 (11), pp.768-775, the theory that a kind of harmonic wave utilizing avalanche diode to produce realizes frequency multiplication and up-conversion is proposed in the document of 1976 " Newmodesofoperationforavalanchediodesfrequencymultiplica tionandup-conversion " by name, and in design example, give the result of a Ka wave band snowslide diode upconverter, but do not provide the generalized design method utilizing avalanche diode to realize high order harmonic component mixing.
The present inventor is at ProgressInElectromagneticsResearchLetters, No.36:, pp.77-86, in 2013 " Compactlowpassfilterwithwidestopbandusingnoveldouble-fol dedSCMRCstructurewithparallelopen-endedstub " documents by name, a kind of structure based on the compact resonant element of the micro-band of twofold (DCMRC) was proposed, this structure has good filter effect, and parasitic passband is away from operating frequency.The compact resonant element of the micro-band of twofold (DCMRC) circuit size is little, and can use in circuit neatly as accurate integrated package, but not propose how it is applied in millimeter in the publication and involve in the avalanche diode harmonic mixer of Terahertz frequency range.
Adopt the secondary of prior art or four Schottky diode harmonic mixers, manufacturing cost and use cost are all higher, so under the form that current millimetre-wave attenuator is increasingly extensive, the frequency mixer of prior art has been difficult to meet the requirement that user reduces costs.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of millimeter based on avalanche diode and involves Terahertz ten fifth overtone frequency mixer, can millimeter involve Terahertz frequency range use, secondary or four Schottky diode harmonic mixers of prior art can be replaced, effectively reduce the operating frequency of local oscillation signal further, realize low conversion loss and low cost.
For achieving the above object, the present invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
Millimeter based on avalanche diode disclosed by the invention involves Terahertz ten fifth overtone frequency mixer, its radiofrequency signal is successively by one side fin line, co-planar waveguide inputs, the output of described co-planar waveguide connects the tube core of avalanche diode D by gold ribbon A, the tube core of described avalanche diode D is also by the large end of gold ribbon B connecting linear gradual change low impedance transmission line, the small end of described linear gradient low impedance transmission line connects one end of the compact resonant element A of the micro-band of twofold by microstrip transmission line, local oscillator input connects three parallel coupled line block isolating device inputs, a branch of described three parallel coupled line block isolating devices connects the other end of the compact resonant element A of the micro-band of twofold, its another branch connects one end of the compact resonant element B of the micro-band of twofold by micro-band high resistant line, the other end of the compact resonant element B of the micro-band of described twofold connects DC bias circuit by choke induction L, also connect medium frequency output end by capacitance C, the anode connection signal ground GND of the tube core D of described avalanche diode.By the distance between the length of linear adjustment gradual change low-resistance line and the micro-band of twofold compact resonant element A and avalanche diode D, the matched well between transmission line and avalanche diode can be realized; The high order harmonic component ideler frequency that the compact resonant element A of the micro-band of twofold can encourage avalanche diode D to produce to local oscillation signal simultaneously forms reactive load, forms inhibitory reflex effect, also can improve the isolation of local oscillator and prevention at radio-frequency port simultaneously to high order harmonic component ideler frequency.
Further, the micro-band of described twofold compact resonant element A and the compact resonant element B of the micro-band of twofold is parallel to each other.Lateral separation between the micro-band of twofold compact resonant element B in adjustment intermediate-frequency circuit and the compact resonant element A of the micro-band of twofold in local oscillation circuit and fore-and-aft distance, the compact resonant element B of the micro-band of twofold can be made also to form reactive load to high order harmonic component ideler frequency, farthest inhibitory reflex effect is formed to high order harmonic component ideler frequency, also can improve the isolation of intermediate frequency and prevention at radio-frequency port simultaneously.
Preferably, described choke induction L is microband paste inductance, and described capacitance C is microband paste electric capacity.
The present invention can suppress idle harmonic frequency to greatest extent, the idle harmonic frequency energy of effective recycling, reduce conversion loss, the minimum conversion loss consequently making snowslide pipe ten fifth overtone frequency mixer is 15dB, reaches the performance of Schottky diode four-time harmonic frequency mixer.
Meanwhile, because the local oscillator operating frequency of frequency mixer of the present invention only has 1/16 of fundamental mixer, thus the operating frequency of local oscillator is reduced greatly, performance improves greatly, and cost effectively reduces.Therefore can be used in transmitting that millimeter involves Terahertz frequency range or receiving equipment, such as, working in the high-speed radiocommunication system and helicopter CAS etc. near 94GHz frequency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of the compact resonant element of the micro-band of twofold.
Fig. 3 is the typical transmission performance plot of the compact resonant element of the micro-band of twofold.
Fig. 4 is the conversion loss figure of the present invention when 100GHz.
In figure: the 1-DC bias signal input 2-local oscillator input 3-tri-parallel coupled line block isolating device 4-medium frequency output end micro-band of the 5-twofold compact resonant element micro-band of B6-twofold compact resonant element A7-linear gradient low impedance transmission line 8-one side fin line 9-co-planar waveguide 10-gold ribbon A11-gold ribbon B12-microstrip transmission line 13-micro-band high resistant line
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further elaborated.
As shown in Figure 1, millimeter based on avalanche diode disclosed by the invention involves Terahertz ten fifth overtone frequency mixer, comprise: radiofrequency signal is successively by one side fin line 8, co-planar waveguide 9 inputs, the output of co-planar waveguide 9 connects the tube core of avalanche diode D by gold ribbon A10, the tube core of described avalanche diode D is also by the large end of gold ribbon B11 connecting linear gradual change low impedance transmission line 7, the small end of linear gradient low impedance transmission line 7 connects one end of the compact resonant element A6 of the micro-band of twofold by microstrip transmission line 12, local oscillator input 2 connects three parallel coupled line block isolating device 3 inputs, a branch of three parallel coupled line block isolating devices 3 connects the other end of the compact resonant element A6 of the micro-band of twofold, its another branch connects one end of the compact resonant element B5 of the micro-band of twofold by micro-band high resistant line 13, the other end of the compact resonant element B5 of the micro-band of described twofold connects DC bias circuit 1 by choke induction L, also connect medium frequency output end 4 by capacitance C, the anode connection signal ground GND of the tube core D of avalanche diode, the micro-band of twofold compact resonant element A6 and the compact resonant element B5 of the micro-band of twofold is parallel to each other, choke induction L adopts microband paste inductance, and capacitance C adopts microband paste electric capacity.
In the present embodiment, local oscillation circuit, intermediate-frequency circuit and DC bias circuit are produced on the Rogers 4350B substrate that substrate thickness is 0.508mm, and radio circuit is produced on Rogers 5880 substrate that thickness is 0.127mm.Radiofrequency signal (f
rF) be fed into avalanche diode D from the rf inputs of right-hand member after one side fin line 8 transition and co-planar waveguide 9 are transmitted; Local oscillation signal (f
lo) be fed into avalanche diode from the local oscillator input 2 of left end through three parallel coupled line block isolating devices 3, the compact resonant element A6 of the micro-band of twofold and linear gradient low impedance transmission line 7.Local oscillation signal (f
lo) be approximately radiofrequency signal (f
rF) 1/16th.
Intermediate frequency terminal circuit is connected with local oscillator terminal circuit, the ten fifth overtone frequency component (16f that local oscillation signal excitation avalanche diode produces
lo) and radiofrequency signal (f
rF) in avalanche diode, carry out mixing, the intermediate-freuqncy signal (f that mixing obtains
iF) linear gradient low impedance transmission line 7 in local oscillation circuit and the compact resonant element A6 of the micro-band of twofold enter into intermediate-frequency circuit, through the compact resonant element B5 and of the micro-band of a twofold capacitance C, finally export from medium frequency output end 4.
DC bias circuit 1 is connected with intermediate-frequency circuit.Bias direct current required for avalanche diode inputs from DC bias circuit 1, through a choke induction L, by the compact resonant element A6 of the micro-band of twofold in the micro-band of the twofold in intermediate-frequency circuit compact resonant element B5, local oscillation circuit and linear gradient low impedance transmission line 7, in feed-in avalanche diode, realize direct current biasing function.
Choke induction L in DC bias circuit is to suppress and preventing the intermediate-freuqncy signal (f in intermediate-frequency circuit
iF) leak in DC bias circuit 1.Capacitance C in intermediate-frequency circuit is then to prevent bias direct current from leaking into medium frequency output end 4.
Local oscillation signal excitation snowslide pipe produces the high order harmonic component (Nf that can reach millimeter wave frequency band
lo), remove and radiofrequency signal (f
rF) carry out ten fifth overtone (16f of mixing
lo) outward, other harmonic frequency (Nf that avalanche diode D produces
lo, N ≠ 16) and with the mixed components (f of radiofrequency signal
rF± Nf
lo, N ≠ 16) and be then idle frequence component.The micro-band of twofold compact resonant element A6, B5 of being positioned at the avalanche diode D left side utilize the stopband characteristic of its wide-band, farthest can suppress the harmonic component (Nf that avalanche diode D produces
lo) and the mixing frequencies component (f that produces of itself and radiofrequency signal
rF± Nf
lo, N ≠ 16).
Due to the harmonic frequency (Nf that avalanche diode produces
lo) and with the mixed components (f of radiofrequency signal
rF± Nf
lo) cover frequency range from microwave to millimeter wave broadness.Be positioned at the compact resonant element A6 of the micro-band of twofold on the left of avalanche diode D, be designed to as much as possible to each harmonic frequency (Nf
lo) all have degree of suppression to a certain degree, but simultaneously also can low-loss by local oscillation signal (f
lo) and intermediate-freuqncy signal (f
rF-16f
lo).
Distance between adjustment avalanche diode D and the compact resonant element A6 of the micro-band of twofold, can optimize A6 at radiofrequency signal (f
rF) and each harmonic frequency (Nf
lo) on the reactive load that presents, realize the suppression to these frequency signals, prevent radiofrequency signal (f
rF) be leaked in local oscillation circuit, also can by each harmonic frequency (Nf
lo) be reflected back in avalanche diode, realize the recycling of harmonic frequency.
Three parallel coupled line block isolating devices simultaneously in local oscillation circuit, except isolated DC is also by except local oscillation signal, optimize the distance between three parallel coupled line block isolating devices and the compact resonant element A6 of the micro-band of twofold, also can radio frequency signal (f
rF) and each harmonic frequency (Nf
lo) realize certain suppression.
Be arranged in the compact resonant element B5 of the micro-band of twofold of intermediate-frequency circuit, be designed to local oscillation signal (f
lo) there is very high degree of suppression, prevent local oscillation signal from leaking in intermediate-frequency circuit; Optimize the lateral separation in twofold micro-band compact resonant element B5 and local oscillation circuit between the compact resonant element A6 of the micro-band of twofold and fore-and-aft distance, also can realize each harmonic frequency (Nf that snowslide pipe is produced
lo) and with the idle mixed components (f of radiofrequency signal
rF± Nf
lo) suppression, but simultaneously the compact resonant element B5 of the micro-band of twofold can low-loss by the intermediate-freuqncy signal (f of 16 subharmonic mixing
rF-16f
lo).
Because the compact resonant element of the micro-band of twofold (DCMRC) has wider stop band frequency range and good Out-of-band rejection degree, the harmonic frequency (Nf that snowslide pipe produces effectively can be suppressed
lo) and with the idle mixed components (f of radiofrequency signal
rF± Nf
lo), therefore avalanche diode ten fifth overtone frequency mixer of the present invention more traditional millimeter wave four-time harmonic frequency mixer can utilize the harmonic wave of more high reps to carry out mixing, and obtains lower conversion loss.
As Fig. 2, it is as shown in table 1 that the present invention discloses the micro-band of a kind of twofold compact resonant element (DCMRC) concrete structure parameter.
Table 1
| Structure variable | W50 | W | W1 | W2 | W3 | |
| Structured value (mm) | 1.1 | 5.1 | 0.3 | 0.12 | 0.6 | |
| Structure variable | L1 | L2 | L3 | L4 | L5 | L6 |
| Structured value (mm) | 3.46 | 5.13 | 7.12 | 1.58 | 0.2 | 0.35 |
As can be seen from Figure 3, the frequency transmission characteristic as the compact resonant element of the micro-band of twofold (DCMRC) of structured value formation each in table 1 is good.
As can be seen from Figure 4, the conversion loss of the present invention near 100GHz is very little, functional.
Certainly; the present invention also can have other various embodiments; when not deviating from the present invention's spirit and essence thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art can make various corresponding change and distortion according to the present invention, but these change accordingly and are out of shape the protection range that all should belong to the claim appended by the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the millimeter based on avalanche diode involves Terahertz ten fifth overtone frequency mixer, it is characterized in that: radiofrequency signal is successively by one side fin line, co-planar waveguide inputs, the output of described co-planar waveguide connects the tube core of avalanche diode D by gold ribbon A, the tube core of described avalanche diode D is also by the large end of gold ribbon B connecting linear gradual change low impedance transmission line, the small end of described linear gradient low impedance transmission line connects one end of the compact resonant element A of the micro-band of twofold by microstrip transmission line, local oscillator input connects three parallel coupled line block isolating device inputs, a branch of described three parallel coupled line block isolating devices connects the other end of the compact resonant element A of the micro-band of twofold, its another branch connects one end of the compact resonant element B of the micro-band of twofold by micro-band high resistant line, the other end of the compact resonant element B of the micro-band of described twofold connects DC bias circuit by choke induction L, also connect medium frequency output end by capacitance C, the anode connection signal ground GND of the tube core D of described avalanche diode.
2. the millimeter based on avalanche diode according to claim 1 involves Terahertz ten fifth overtone frequency mixer, it is characterized in that: the micro-band of described twofold compact resonant element A and the compact resonant element B of the micro-band of twofold is parallel to each other.
3. the millimeter based on avalanche diode according to claim 1 involves Terahertz ten fifth overtone frequency mixer, it is characterized in that: described choke induction L is microband paste inductance, and described capacitance C is microband paste electric capacity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410260675.XA CN105162421A (en) | 2014-06-12 | 2014-06-12 | Millimeter wave and terahertz sixteenth harmonic mixer based on avalanche diode |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410260675.XA CN105162421A (en) | 2014-06-12 | 2014-06-12 | Millimeter wave and terahertz sixteenth harmonic mixer based on avalanche diode |
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|---|---|
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106374841A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-02-01 | 四川众为创通科技有限公司 | Novel W-waveband fundamental wave frequency mixer |
| CN107102453A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-08-29 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of fin line loads the THz wave fast modulator of HEMT nested structures |
-
2014
- 2014-06-12 CN CN201410260675.XA patent/CN105162421A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106374841A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-02-01 | 四川众为创通科技有限公司 | Novel W-waveband fundamental wave frequency mixer |
| CN107102453A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-08-29 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of fin line loads the THz wave fast modulator of HEMT nested structures |
| CN107102453B (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2019-06-21 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of THz wave fast modulator of fin line load HEMT nested structure |
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Application publication date: 20151216 |