CN105162415B - Current and voltage tester for photovoltaic array - Google Patents
Current and voltage tester for photovoltaic array Download PDFInfo
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- CN105162415B CN105162415B CN201510435732.8A CN201510435732A CN105162415B CN 105162415 B CN105162415 B CN 105162415B CN 201510435732 A CN201510435732 A CN 201510435732A CN 105162415 B CN105162415 B CN 105162415B
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 160
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 16
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a current and voltage tester for a photovoltaic array. The current and voltage tester comprises a sampling module, a control module, and a storage module connected with the control module. The sampling module comprises a second relay, a third relay, a fourth relay, a current sampling unit, and an analog-to-digital conversion unit. The second switch end of the fourth relay is connected with the analog-to-digital conversion unit. The second switch end of the second relay is connected with the analog-to-digital conversion unit through the current sampling unit. The first switch end of the third relay is connected with the current sampling unit. The third relay is arranged between the current sampling unit and the second relay so that the cooperation of the current sampling unit and a voltage sampling circuit is achieved, synchronous sampling of current and voltage can be achieved just by means of one semiconductor switch, jitter noise caused by the switching of the relays is eliminated, and the testing accuracy of the tester is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic circuit and electronic measurement technique, especially a kind of current/voltage test for being related to photovoltaic array
Instrument.
Background technology
It is well known that solar energy is most huge on the earth, most cleaning, a kind of safest regenerative resource, but solar energy
Directly cannot utilize, it needs to be converted into the secondary energy sources such as electric energy by photovoltaic generation and can just be utilized.Photovoltaic
Generate electricity the main photovoltaic effect using solaode (a kind of optoelectronic semiconductor thin slice of the utilization sunlight direct generation of electricity),
I.e. under certain illumination condition, there is a kind of photovoltaic phenomenon in solaode P-N junction two ends.
To measure the correlated performance of solaode or photovoltaic array (multiple solaode series connection), C-V characteristic is needed
Curve tester (abbreviation I-V curve tester) drawing its I-V characteristic curve, principle be by solaode plus can
Varying load, series of voltage and current value that during load is adjusted, scanning device is exported, and then it is bent to draw out I-V
Line.Load used in tester is likely to be ohmic or reactive, and typical reactive load is electric capacity.On just
When electric, the impedance of electric capacity is approximately equal to zero, and output current is short circuit current；In charging process, electric capacity both sides electric charge is constantly accumulated,
Impedance gradually increases, and through maximum power point；Electric capacity both sides electric charge saturation afterwards, now circuit is equivalent to open circuit, output electricity
Pressure is open-circuit voltage.
On the other hand, impact of the change of the environment parameter such as illumination and temperature to photovoltaic array I-V curve can not be ignored, because
Corresponding environment parameter measurement module must be included in this I-V curve tester.But the key technology in IV curve testers exists
In the measurement of photovoltaic array electric current and voltage, this is to examine photovoltaic array index " fill factor, curve factor (FF) " to obtain, and then
Evaluate the performance of photovoltaic array.If the design of current-voltage measurement module is improper, the IV curves drawn correctly can not reflect
The performance of institute's light-metering photovoltaic array, this has adverse effect, or even the utilization rate and voltage that can reduce electric energy to photovoltaic generating system
Transmittability.
The content of the invention
The purpose of embodiment according to the present invention is the current/voltage tester for providing a kind of photovoltaic array, it is intended to solved
The technological deficiency that the current/voltage tester of certainly existing photovoltaic array is not accurate enough to photovoltaic array current-voltage characteristic is electric with height
The economic problems of the current/voltage tester cost intensive of press polish photovoltaic array.
For this purpose, the technical scheme that a kind of current/voltage tester of photovoltaic array of embodiment of the present invention is adopted is as follows：
A kind of current/voltage tester of photovoltaic array, including current-voltage sampling module, control module and with the control
The memory module of molding block connection, the sampling module include that the second relay, the 3rd relay, the 4th relay, electric current are adopted
The sampling section and the first relay of sample unit and AD conversion unit composition, the discharge portion of discharge resistance composition；
The anode of the photovoltaic array is connected with a first switch end of second relay and the 4th relay respectively,
The second switch end of the 4th relay is connected with the AD conversion unit；
Current sampling unit described in the second switch end Jing of second relay is connected with the AD conversion unit；
The first switch end of the 3rd relay is connected with the current sampling unit, second switch end and the described 4th
The second switch end connection of relay；
The first switch end of first relay is connected with the discharge resistance, second switch end and the current/voltage
Sampling unit connects；The control module respectively with the AD conversion unit, the first relay, the second relay, the 3rd after
The control end connection of electrical equipment, the 4th relay.
Preferably, the current sampling unit includes the first semiconductor switch being sequentially connected in series and current sensor, successively
First sampling capacitance and the second semiconductor switch, the second sampling capacitance being sequentially connected in series and the 3rd semiconductor switch of series connection, institute
State second switch end of the first sampling capacitance anode respectively with second relay, the first switch end of the 3rd relay
Connect with the second sampling capacitance anode, the first sampling capacitance negative terminal and the second semiconductor switch first switch end connect
Connect, the second sampling capacitance negative terminal is connected with the 3rd semiconductor switch first switch end, second semiconductor switch, the 3rd
The second switch end of semiconductor switch is connected with the first switch end of the first semiconductor switch, second semiconductor switch,
The control end of three semiconductor switch is connected with control unit, and the current sensor is connected with the AD conversion unit.
Preferably, the current-voltage sampling module also includes first voltage modulate circuit, the first voltage conditioning electricity
Road includes the first divider resistance, the second divider resistance, the 3rd divider resistance, feedback resistance and the first operational amplifier；
The second switch end of the 3rd relay and the 4th relay is connected with first divider resistance, and described first
The other end of divider resistance is connected to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the second divider resistance connection described first is transported
Calculate between the positive input terminal and signal ground of amplifier；
The outfan of first operational amplifier is respectively connecting to the feedback resistance and the AD conversion unit, institute
The other end for stating feedback resistance is connected to the 3rd divider resistance；
The other end of the 3rd divider resistance is connected to the negative terminal of the photovoltaic array, first operational amplifier
Negative input end is connected between the 3rd divider resistance and feedback resistance.
Preferably, the current-voltage sampling module also includes second voltage modulate circuit, the second voltage conditioning electricity
Road includes the 4th divider resistance, the 5th divider resistance and the second operational amplifier.
4th divider resistance described in the current sensor Jing is connected with the positive input terminal of second operational amplifier；
One end of 5th divider resistance and it is described between the second operational amplifier positive input terminal connection, the other end connect
Connect signal ground；
The outfan of second operational amplifier is connected with the negative input end of second operational amplifier, and described
The negative input end and outfan of the second operational amplifier is connected with the AD conversion unit.
Preferably, also including display unit, the display unit is connected with the control module.
Preferably, also including temperature sampling module, the temperature sampling module is connected with the control module.
Preferably, also including illuminance sampling module, the illuminance sampling module is connected with the control module.
Preferably, also including standard photovoltaic cell, the standard photovoltaic cell is connected with the current-voltage sampling module.
Compared with prior art, the current/voltage tester of the photovoltaic array that embodiment of the present invention is provided is in current sample
Second sampling capacitance is increased in circuit, by adopting for second sampling capacitance of open and close controlling of the second semiconductor switch of control
Sample opportunity, and through software correction, complete the drafting of current-voltage characteristic curve.The capacity of the first sampling capacitance in the present invention
Greatly, pressure relatively low, relatively, the capacity of the second sampling capacitance is relatively small, high pressure.Because capacity is big, high pressure
Electric capacity is expensive, by the way of two electric capacity collaborative works, can meet increase photovoltaic array current/voltage tester
On the premise of measurement range, material cost is reduced.
Compared with prior art, the current/voltage tester of the photovoltaic array that embodiment of the present invention is provided is in current sample
3rd relay is set between circuit and the second relay, so as to realize realizing association in current sampling circuit and voltage sampling circuit
Make, it is possible to use a semiconductor switch is capable of achieving the synchronized sampling of electric current and voltage, eliminates due to drawing when relay is opened and closed
The jittering noise for entering, improves the test accuracy of tester.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of one embodiment of current/voltage tester of photovoltaic array of the present invention；
Fig. 2 be photovoltaic array of the present invention one embodiment of current/voltage tester in sampling module structural representation
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the control signal sequential that one embodiment of current/voltage tester of photovoltaic array of the present invention is related to
Figure；
Fig. 4 is the IV characteristic curves of one embodiment of the current/voltage tester test of photovoltaic array of the present invention；
In figure：
1--- photovoltaic arrays；2--- current-voltage sampling modules；4--- illuminance sensors；5--- illuminance sampling mould
Block；6--- temperature sensors；7--- temperature sampling modules；8--- control modules；9--- memory modules；10--- display units；
11--- standard photovoltaic cells；The first relays of 12---；The second relays of 13---；The 3rd relays of 14---；15--- the 4th after
Electrical equipment；The first semiconductor switch of 16---；17--- discharge resistances；The first divider resistances of 18---；The second divider resistances of 19---；
The 3rd divider resistances of 20---；21--- feedback resistances；The 4th divider resistances of 22---；The 5th divider resistances of 23---；24--- electric currents
Sensor；The first sampling capacitances of 25---；The second sampling capacitances of 26---；The second semiconductor switch of 27---；28--- the 3rd half leads
Body is switched；The first operational amplifiers of 29---；The second operational amplifiers of 30---；31--- AD conversion unit；39--- first is electric
Pressure modulate circuit；40--- second voltage modulate circuits；The control signal of the 4th relays 15 of 41---；The 3rd relays of 42---
14 control signal；The control signal of the second relays of 43--- 13, the control signal of the first semiconductor switch of 44--- 16,
The control signal of the first relays of 45--- 12；The control signal under normal circumstances of the second semiconductor switch of 46--- 27；47---
3rd semiconductor switch 28 control signal under normal circumstances；The second semiconductor switch of 48--- 27 is in the second sampling capacitance 26
Control signal under collaborative work；Control letter of the 3rd semiconductor switch 28 of 49--- under 26 collaborative work of the second sampling capacitance
Number.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of the present invention are described further.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the structural representation of one embodiment of current/voltage tester of photovoltaic array of the present invention
Figure.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the current/voltage tester of the photovoltaic array of the structure includes current-voltage sampling module
2nd, control module 8 and the memory module 9 being connected with the control module 8.Current-voltage sampling module 2 is connected with control module 8,
Realize receiving the control signal of the control module 8, and complete for sampled signal to pass to control module 8 and carry out later data
Process.
Additionally, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the current/voltage tester of photovoltaic array also include display unit 10,
Temperature sampling module 7 and illuminance sampling module 5.Wherein, the display unit 10 is connected with the control module 8, for people
Machine is interacted, and shows related data and figure.The temperature sampling module 7 is connected with the control module 8, and the illuminance is adopted
Egf block 5 is connected with the control module 8.From figure 1 it appears that temperature sampling module 7 is connected with temperature sensor 6, use
In the temperature data of the detection of collecting temperature sensor 6.Illuminance sampling module 5 is connected with illuminance sensor 4, for gathering light
The illumination degrees of data of the detection of illuminance transducer 4.
In addition, in embodiment shown in Fig. 1, also including standard photovoltaic cell 11, the standard photovoltaic cell 11 and institute
State current-voltage sampling module 2 to connect.Standard photovoltaic cell 11 can be installed on the back of tester, can be used as photovoltaic array
The power supply of i-v curve tester, and as the normal cell of calibration internal current voltage sample module 2.When tester electricity
When amount is not enough, completes to charge by tester back is positioned under light source (such as the sun), which increase tester just
Profit.And, by the IV characteristic curves of measurement standard photovoltaic cell 11, the nominal parameters of the battery are contrasted, electricity can be obtained
The error parameter of circuit in stream voltage sample module 2, and then calibrate the photovoltaic array 1 of actual measurement.
In the present embodiment, photovoltaic array 1 is connected to the current-voltage sampling mould of tester with the four-wire system mode of connection
Block 2, current signal and the voltage signal of photovoltaic array 1 are sampled in the module and conditioning, are converted into digital signal input control
Molding block 8.The voltage signal Jing temperature samplings module 7 that temperature sensor 6 is obtained is sampled and conditioning, is converted into digital signal defeated
Enter control module 8.The photo-signal that illuminance sensor 4 is obtained is Jing after illuminance sampling module 5 is converted into voltage signal
It is sampled therewith and conditioning, is converted into input control module 8 after digital signal.Meanwhile, the control of 8 output control signal of control module
Each circuit in current-voltage sampling module 2, realizes corresponding circuit operation.Control module 8 preferably passes through communication protocol control
Display unit processed 10 can realize the real-time display of photovoltaic array IV characteristic curve and related photovoltaic array parameter and environment parameter.
Photovoltaic array parameter and the environment parameter obtained by each time is contrasted if desired, and control module 8 can be by data incoming storage
Module 9 is preserved, and the data for being preserved can be input into display unit 10 according to the control operation of control module 8 and show.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 be photovoltaic array of the present invention one embodiment of current/voltage tester in current/voltage adopt
The structural representation of egf block 2.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the current-voltage sampling module 2 includes the first relay
12nd, the second relay 13, the 3rd relay 14, the 4th relay 15, discharge resistance 17, current sampling unit and analog digital conversion list
Unit 31.
Wherein, the anode of the photovoltaic array 1 is opened with the first of second relay 13 and the 4th relay 15 respectively
Guan Duan connects, and the second switch end of the 4th relay 15 is connected with the AD conversion unit 31.Second relay
Current sampling unit described in 13 second switch end Jing is connected with the AD conversion unit 31.The of 3rd relay 14
One switch terminals are connected with the current sampling unit, and second switch end is connected with the second switch end of the 4th relay 15.
The first switch end of first relay 12 is connected with the discharge resistance, and second switch end is connected with the current sampling unit
Connect.The control module 8 respectively with the AD conversion unit 31, the first relay 12, the second relay 13, the 3rd relay
14th, the control end connection of the 4th relay 15.The current sampling unit includes the first semiconductor switch 16, the electricity being sequentially connected in series
Flow sensor 24, the first sampling capacitance 25 being sequentially connected in series, the second semiconductor switch 27 and the second sampling capacitance being sequentially connected in series
26th, the 3rd semiconductor switch 28,25 anode of the first sampling capacitance second switch end respectively with second relay 13,
The first switch end of the 3rd relay 14 and 26 anode of the second sampling capacitance connection, first sampling capacitance 25 are negative
End is connected with 27 first switch end of the second semiconductor switch, 26 negative terminal of the second sampling capacitance and the 3rd semiconductor switch 28 the
One switch terminals connect, and second semiconductor switch 27, the second switch end of the 3rd semiconductor switch 28 are opened with the first quasiconductor
Close 16 first switch end connection, second semiconductor switch 27, the control end of the 3rd semiconductor switch 28 and control unit 8
Connection, the current sensor 24 are connected with the AD conversion unit 31.
It is preferably carried out in mode at some, the current-voltage sampling circuit also includes first voltage modulate circuit 39,
The first voltage modulate circuit 39 includes the first divider resistance 18, the second divider resistance 19, the 3rd divider resistance 20, feedback electricity
Resistance 21 and the first operational amplifier 28.The second switch end of the 3rd relay 14 and the 4th relay 15 with described first point
Piezoresistance 18 connects, and the other end of first divider resistance 18 is connected to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier 28, described
Second divider resistance 19 connects between the positive input terminal and signal ground of first operational amplifier 29.First operation amplifier
The outfan of device 29 is respectively connecting to the feedback resistance 21 and the AD conversion unit 31, the feedback resistance 21 it is another
End is connected to the 3rd divider resistance 20.The other end of the 3rd divider resistance 20 is connected to the negative of the photovoltaic array 1
End, the negative input end of first operational amplifier 29 are connected between the 3rd divider resistance 20 and feedback resistance 21.
In other embodiment, the current-voltage sampling circuit also includes second voltage modulate circuit 40, institute
Stating second voltage modulate circuit 40 includes the 4th divider resistance 22, the 5th divider resistance 23 and the second operational amplifier 30.It is described
4th divider resistance 22 described in 24 Jing of current sensor is connected with the positive input terminal of second operational amplifier 30.Described 5th
One end of divider resistance 23 and it is described between the second operational amplifier 30 positive input terminal connection, the other end connection signal ground.Institute
The outfan for stating the second operational amplifier 30 is connected with the negative input end of second operational amplifier 30, and second fortune
The negative input end and outfan for calculating amplifier 30 is connected with the AD conversion unit 31.
The course of work of current-voltage sampling module 2 is described below.
Photovoltaic array 1 produces current signal and voltage signal.In institute's light-metering photovoltaic array voltage less than the first sampling capacitance electricity
On the premise of pressure scope, if closing as the second relay 13 of current sample switch, as the first relay of discharge switch
12 disconnect, and close as the second semiconductor switch 27 of 25 gating switch of the first sampling capacitance, used as starting the of sampling switch
Semiconductor switch 16 is closed, and in 25 electric charge unsaturation of the first sampling capacitance, photovoltaic array 1, the second relay 13, first are adopted
Sample electric capacity 25, the 3rd semiconductor switch 27, the first semiconductor switch 16, current sensor 24 can constitute current loop, electric current letter
Number can by current sensor 24 be converted into voltage signal and through by the 4th divider resistance 22, the 5th divider resistance 23 with
The less voltage signal of 40 output amplitude of second voltage modulate circuit of the composition of the second operational amplifier 30.
If closing as the relay of voltage sampling switches, the voltage signal for coming from photovoltaic array 1 can be through by first
Divider resistance 18, the second divider resistance 19, the 3rd divider resistance 20, feedback resistance 21, the of the composition of the first operational amplifier 26
One voltage modulate circuit 29 exports the voltage signal of non-zero.By the closure for controlling the second relay 13 and the 4th power amplifier
With disconnection, voltage signal after can making conditioning is while be input into the synchronization that AD conversion unit 28 realizes 1 current/voltage of photovoltaic array
Sampling.
If in the moment that the second relay 13 and the 4th relay 15 are closed, sampling capacitance is started to charge up, because relay
Device has electromagnetic action when being opened and closed, and can introduce jittering noise, is to eliminate jittering noise, it is impossible to by control relay control sampling electricity
The charging of appearance.In addition, the closure of the second relay 13 and the 4th relay 15 has certain hour poor, it is impossible to ensure fully same
Step.Therefore, in embodiments of the present invention, the 3rd relay is with the addition of between the anode and the 4th relay 15 of sampling capacitance
Device 14 so that current sample branch road and voltage sample branch combinations into current-voltage sampling branch road, by controlling the first quasiconductor
Switch 16 realizes the synchronized sampling of electric current and voltage with single switch, and eliminates as the shake introduced when relay is opened and closed is made an uproar
Sound, now the 4th relay 15 be off.
If the electric charge saturation of sampling capacitance, and other switches disconnect in addition to the first relay 12, closure conduct is put
First relay 12 of electric switch so that discharge loop will be constituted with discharge resistance 17 by sampling capacitance, the first relay 12, and be released
Put the electric charge in sampling capacitance.Because the quantity of electric charge contained by sampling capacitance is larger, discharge resistance 17 must be high-power resistance.
Especially, measurement voltage range of the photovoltaic array voltage for if desired measuring more than the first sampling capacitance 25, it is necessary to
Using 26 cooperative of the second sampling capacitance.Because the capacity of the first sampling capacitance 25 is big, sample rate slow, in certain sampling
Interior to draw detailed photovoltaic array current-voltage characteristic curve, the capacity of the second sampling capacitance 26 is little, high pressure, therefore can
To work under high voltages, but rough photovoltaic array current-voltage characteristic curve can only be drawn within a certain period of time.By two
Individual sampling capacitance collaborative work, both can guarantee that the photovoltaic array current-voltage characteristic curve details that tester is drawn was complete, and energy
Increase the photovoltaic array voltage measurement scope of tester.The specific work process under this kind of state is described below.
The first step：Close as the second relay 13 of current sample switch, as the first relay 12 of discharge switch
Disconnect, close as the 3rd semiconductor switch 28 of 26 gating switch of the second sampling capacitance, as the first of beginning sampling switch
Semiconductor switch 16 is closed, and measurement obtains the scope of the maximum power point voltage of photovoltaic array；
Second step：All in addition to the first relay 12 as discharge switch switch off, and close the first relay 12,
Discharge the electric charge in the second sampling capacitance 26；
3rd step：Close as the second relay 13 of current sample switch, as the first relay 12 of discharge switch
Disconnect, close as the second semiconductor switch 27 of 25 gating switch of the first sampling capacitance, gate as the second sampling capacitance 26
3rd semiconductor switch 28 of switch is closed, and is closed as the first semiconductor switch 16 for starting sampling switch, is kept this kind to open
Close and combined before maximum power point voltage stated range minimum；
4th step：Arrive in sampled capacitor voltage value as the second semiconductor switch 27 of 25 gating switch of the first sampling capacitance
Disconnect up to before maximum power point voltage scope, the current value decayed by software compensation switch-off instant, it is ensured that after amendment
Current value be consistent with the trend not disconnected before the second semiconductor switch 27；
5th step：The switch combination of the 4th step is kept until current/voltage synchronized sampling is finished, now the electricity at electric capacity two ends
Press as photovoltaic array open-circuit voltage, its value is more than 25 maximum pressure voltage of the first sampling capacitance, maximum less than the second sampling capacitance 26
Pressure voltage.
Enter in AD conversion unit 31 through the signal of first voltage modulate circuit 39 or second voltage modulate circuit 40,
Be converted to after digital information by AD conversion unit 31, set up using control module 8 and the communication between AD conversion unit 31
Agreement, the digital signal realized from the output of AD conversion unit 31 are transmitted without any confusion to control module 8.
The course of work of tester of the present embodiment is illustrated with reference to Fig. 3.Fig. 3 is that present embodiment is related to
State each switch control signal sequential chart.In shown in Fig. 3, curve 41 be denoted as the 4th of first voltage sampling switch after
15 control signal of electrical equipment, the 3rd relay of the second voltage sampling switch that curve 42 is denoted as elimination sampling dithering and arranges
14 control signals, curve 43 are denoted as 13 control signal of the second relay of current sample switch, and curve 44 is denoted as adopting
First semiconductor switch 16 of sample controlling switch, curve 45 are denoted as the control letter of the first relay 12 of discharge control switch
Number；Curve 46 represents the control signal of the second semiconductor switch under normal circumstances as 25 gating switch of the first sampling capacitance；
Curve 47 represents the control signal of the 3rd semiconductor switch under normal circumstances as 26 gating switch of the second sampling capacitance；Curve
48 represent the second 26 collaborative work of sampling capacitance when as 25 gating switch of the first sampling capacitance the second semiconductor switch control
Signal processed；Curve 47 is led as the 3rd half of 26 gating switch of the second sampling capacitance when representing the second 26 collaborative work of sampling capacitance
The control signal of body switch；
Assume that each switch (including relay) is closed when control signal is high level, when control signal is low level
Disconnect.T1 represents tester standby mode, and T2 represents sampling capacitance discharge mode, and T3 represents sampling capacitance charging ready mode,
T4 represents sampling capacitance charge mode.
When in standby mode, i.e. T1 periods, IV curve testers need to show the voltage at 1 current time of photovoltaic array with
And the parameter such as ambient temperature, ambient light illumination, now only have the 4th relay 15 to close in current-voltage sampling module 2, photovoltaic
The voltage signal input first voltage modulate circuit 39 of the output of array 1, conditioned rear AD conversion unit 31 obtains photovoltaic array 1
Open-circuit voltage be maximum voltage.
When in sampling capacitance discharge mode, i.e. T2 periods, only having the first relay 12 to close in the module, if sampling
Capacitance charge saturation, discharge loop will produce discharge current, and electric capacity stored energy Jing discharge resistances 17 are converted into heat energy and distribute,
Until the release of sampling capacitance electric charge is finished.
When in sampling capacitance charging ready mode, i.e. T3 periods, in the module only the second relay 13 and the 3rd after
Electrical equipment 14 is closed, and other controlling switches all disconnect, now by photovoltaic array 1, the second relay 13, the first sampling capacitance 25,
Two semiconductor switch 27, the second sampling capacitance 26, the 3rd semiconductor switch 28, the first semiconductor switch 16, current sensor 24
The current branch of composition be made up of photovoltaic array 1, the second relay 13, the 3rd relay 14, first voltage modulate circuit 29
Voltage branch be in open-circuit condition, the current signal of input control module 8 is equal to zero, and voltage is equal to open-circuit voltage, to adopt
Sample electric capacity charged state is ready.
When in sampling capacitance charge mode, i.e. T4 periods, under normal circumstances, the module charges in sampling capacitance and prepares mould
On the basis of formula, the first semiconductor switch 16 and the second semiconductor switch 27 are closed.Closure moment, above-mentioned current branch is formed back
Road, because now sampling capacitance there is no charge accumulated, equivalent to short circuit, voltage branch is in parallel with current branch, works as electric current in loop
During branch, short-circuit, voltage branch is short-circuit therewith, therefore the first semiconductor switch 16 and the closure of the second semiconductor switch 27 moment institute
It is maximum current that electric current is obtained for short circuit current, and gained voltage is equal to zero.With the carrying out of sampling capacitance charge accumulated, sampling capacitance
Internal resistance it is increasing, until sampling capacitance electric charge saturation, now its internal resistance is approximately equal to infinity, current branch and voltage branch
Again it is in open-circuit condition.
If in the pattern of 26 collaborative work of the second sampling capacitance, the module is on the basis of sampling capacitance charging ready mode
On, the first semiconductor switch 16 of closure, the second semiconductor switch 27 and the 3rd semiconductor switch 28.Closure moment, sampling capacitance
Charging process with it is consistent under normal circumstances, when it is fast reach maximum power point voltage scope when, disconnect the second semiconductor switch 27,
Only charge to the second sampling capacitance 26, until sampling capacitance electric charge saturation, current branch is with voltage branch again in open circuit shape
State.
According to above-mentioned sampling capacitance charged state process, the present invention depicts IV characteristic curves as shown in Figure 4, curve and Y
The intersection point of axle is short circuit current, and the intersection point with X-axis is open-circuit voltage.
The current/voltage tester of the photovoltaic array of embodiment of the present invention offer is provided from above-mentioned embodiment
3rd relay 14 is set between current sampling circuit and the second relay 13, so as to realize in current sampling circuit and voltage
Sample circuit collaborative work, it is possible to use first semiconductor switch 16 is capable of achieving the synchronized sampling of electric current and voltage, disappears
Except due to relay is opened and closed when the jittering noise that introduces, improve the test accuracy of tester.
The current/voltage tester of the photovoltaic array of embodiment of the present invention offer is provided from above-mentioned embodiment
Be provided with current sampling circuit one can collaborative work the second sampling capacitance 26, it is therefore intended that make two sampling capacitances exist
Current-voltage characteristic curve is not worked in the same time, so as to realize that the electricity of high voltage photovoltaic array is completed while cost is reduced
The high accuracy of current-voltage characteristic curve is drawn,
It should be understood that the invention is not limited in above-mentioned embodiment, every various changes or modification to the present invention are not
Depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, if these change and modification belong to the present invention claim and equivalent technologies scope it
Interior, then the present invention is also implied that comprising these changes and modification.
Claims (8)
1. the current/voltage tester of a kind of photovoltaic array, it is characterised in which includes：Current-voltage sampling module, control module
And the memory module being connected with the control module, the current-voltage sampling module include the second relay, the 3rd relay,
The sampling section and the first relay of the 4th relay, current sampling unit and AD conversion unit composition, discharge resistance composition
Discharge portion；
The anode of the photovoltaic array is connected with the first switch end of second relay and the 4th relay respectively, and described
The second switch end of four relays is connected with the AD conversion unit；
Current sampling unit described in the second switch end Jing of second relay is connected with the AD conversion unit；
The first switch end of the 3rd relay is connected with the current sampling unit, second switch end and the 4th relay
The second switch end connection of device；
The first switch end of first relay is connected with the discharge resistance, second switch end and the current sampling unit
Connection；The control module respectively with the AD conversion unit, the first relay, the second relay, the 3rd relay, the 4th
The control end connection of relay.
2. the current/voltage tester of photovoltaic array as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The current sampling unit bag
Include the first semiconductor switch for being sequentially connected in series and current sensor, the first sampling capacitance being sequentially connected in series and the second quasiconductor are opened
Close, the second sampling capacitance for being sequentially connected in series and the 3rd semiconductor switch, the first sampling capacitance anode is respectively with described second
The connection of the second switch end of relay, the first switch end of the 3rd relay and the second sampling capacitance anode, it is described
First sampling capacitance negative terminal is connected with the second semiconductor switch first switch end, and the second sampling capacitance negative terminal is led with the 3rd half
The first switch end connection of body switch, second semiconductor switch, the second switch end of the 3rd semiconductor switch are led with the first half
The first switch end connection of body switch, second semiconductor switch, the control end of the 3rd semiconductor switch and control unit connect
Connect, the current sensor is connected with the AD conversion unit.
3. the current/voltage tester of photovoltaic array as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The current-voltage sampling mould
Block also includes first voltage modulate circuit, the first voltage modulate circuit include the first divider resistance, the second divider resistance, the
Three divider resistances, feedback resistance and the first operational amplifier；
The second switch end of the 3rd relay and the 4th relay is connected with first divider resistance, first partial pressure
The other end of resistance is connected to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier, and second divider resistance connects first computing and puts
Between the positive input terminal and signal ground of big device；
The outfan of first operational amplifier is respectively connecting to the feedback resistance and the AD conversion unit, described anti-
The other end of feed resistance is connected to the 3rd divider resistance；
The other end of the 3rd divider resistance is connected to the secondary end of the photovoltaic array, first operational amplifier it is negative defeated
Enter end to be connected between the 3rd divider resistance and feedback resistance.
4. the current/voltage tester of photovoltaic array as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：The current-voltage sampling mould
Block also include second voltage modulate circuit, the second voltage modulate circuit include the 4th divider resistance, the 5th divider resistance and
Second operational amplifier；
4th divider resistance described in the current sensor Jing is connected with the positive input terminal of second operational amplifier；
One end of 5th divider resistance and it is described between the second operational amplifier positive input terminal connection, the other end connection letter
Number ground；
The outfan of second operational amplifier is connected with the negative input end of second operational amplifier, and described second
The negative input end and outfan of operational amplifier is connected with the AD conversion unit.
5. the current/voltage tester of photovoltaic array as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：Also include display unit, institute
State display unit to be connected with the control module.
6. the current/voltage tester of photovoltaic array as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：Also include temperature sampling mould
Block, the temperature sampling module are connected with the control module.
7. the current/voltage tester of photovoltaic array as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：Also include illuminance sampling mould
Block, the illuminance sampling module are connected with the control module.
8. the current/voltage tester of photovoltaic array as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：Also include standard photovoltaic electric
Pond, the standard photovoltaic cell are connected with the current-voltage sampling module.
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| CN201510435732.8A CN105162415B (en) | 2015-07-22 | 2015-07-22 | Current and voltage tester for photovoltaic array |
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| CN201510435732.8A CN105162415B (en) | 2015-07-22 | 2015-07-22 | Current and voltage tester for photovoltaic array |
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| CN105162415A CN105162415A (en) | 2015-12-16 |
| CN105162415B true CN105162415B (en) | 2017-04-19 |
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| CN107658181B (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2019-06-21 | 深圳南云微电子有限公司 | A kind of contactor electricity-saving appliance |
| US10461690B2 (en) | 2017-12-04 | 2019-10-29 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Defect inspection method and system for solar cell |
| CN108599724A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-09-28 | 中国电建集团江西省电力建设有限公司 | A kind of photovoltaic module on-line monitoring system and monitoring method |
| CN110022130A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-07-16 | 江苏大学 | A kind of photovoltaic array fault test set and method |
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| JP3614046B2 (en) * | 1999-08-31 | 2005-01-26 | サンケン電気株式会社 | Discharge time prediction device, discharge time prediction method, discharge capacity prediction device, and discharge capacity prediction method |
| CN201392382Y (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-01-27 | 于培诺 | Generating energy testing instrument of solar cell component |
| CN201974514U (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2011-09-14 | 中山大学 | Photovoltaic array tester based on TMS320F2812 |
| CN102818995A (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2012-12-12 | 华中科技大学 | Variable frequency and high speed sampling handheld photovoltaic cell tester and method for achieving same |
| CN202815166U (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2013-03-20 | 北京群菱能源科技有限公司 | Detection device of solar energy photovoltaic array I-V characteristic |
| CN102879722A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2013-01-16 | 江苏技术师范学院 | Volt-ampere performance testing device and method for solar array |
| CN103048599A (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2013-04-17 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Characteristic test device for photovoltaic cell |
| CN203149083U (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2013-08-21 | 合肥科威尔电源系统有限公司 | A 30kW photovoltaic array IV tester |
| CN203149080U (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2013-08-21 | 合肥科威尔电源系统有限公司 | A 200kW photovoltaic array IV tester |
| CN203984352U (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-12-03 | 佛山职业技术学院 | A kind of on-spot tester of photovoltaic module |
| CN104617876B (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2017-01-11 | 河海大学常州校区 | Outdoor test platform of solar photovoltaic modules and electricity generation performance online analysis method thereof |
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