CN105158818B - A kind of method of X-ray detection equipment signal evaluation - Google Patents
A kind of method of X-ray detection equipment signal evaluation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of X-ray machine signal sampling and evaluation method, including：Step 1: before equipment is dispatched from the factory, it is ensured that equipment performance has reached a normal state of stabilization, then, under specific device parameter, and sampled detector signal is saved as standard signal storehouse；Step 2: after equipment begins to use, periodic sampling detector terminal signal, during signal sampling, it is desirable to which equipment is consistent with device parameter when setting up standard signal storehouse；Step 3: the detector terminal sample of signal of collection and the standard signal in standard signal storehouse are contrasted, whether in the reasonable scope current signal value is evaluated.The present invention has advantages below：It is automatic after each start to check the signal that detector is received, and the quantitative criteria with science, by the timely discovering device problem of the variation of signal, solve the problem of equipment caused due to that can not accomplish to inspect periodically equipment detects degradation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of signal evaluation method, more particularly to a kind of method of X-ray detection equipment signal evaluation.
Background technology
Currently the general structure of X-ray equipment for detecting foreign matter is：Source is penetrated above belt, detector is located at below belt,
Material is by belt transport, when material passes through detector position, detector tracer signal.The signal is known by special processor
Not, so as to detect the foreign matter in material.
But with the long-term use of X-ray machine, penetrating source signal intensity can weaken, detector meeting aging, transmission belt can also be ground
Damage.If not noting maintenance cleaning, belt surface also has pollutant.This can all influence the terminal signaling that detector is received.
Once the deviation outside tolerance occurs for detector signal, original detection parameter is just no longer applicable, and will cause the inspection of equipment
Survey degradation.
It is currently that requirement client inspects periodically equipment for the processing of this problem, if it find that signal has large variation,
The problem of then source of penetrating, detector or belt must being investigated one by one.The defect so done is：One, client does not often accomplish to inspect periodically
Equipment；Two, the evaluation of signal relies only on sense organ, the quantitative criteria without science.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of X-ray detection equipment letter for the quantitative criteria that can be checked signal automatically and have science
Number method evaluated, solves the problem of equipment caused due to can not manually accomplish to inspect periodically equipment detects degradation.
The present invention is to solve above-mentioned technical problem by the following technical programs：A kind of X-ray machine signal sampling and evaluation side
Method, comprises the steps：
Step 1: before equipment is dispatched from the factory, it is ensured that equipment performance has reached a normal state of stabilization, then, specific
Device parameter under, sampled detector signal is saved as standard signal storehouse；
Step 2: after equipment begins to use, periodic sampling detector terminal signal, during signal sampling, must be requested that equipment
It is consistent with device parameter when setting up standard signal storehouse；
Step 3: signal evaluation, the detector terminal sample of signal of collection and the standard signal in standard signal storehouse are entered
Whether in the reasonable scope row contrast, evaluate current signal value.
As the technical scheme of optimization, the X-ray machine signal sampling and evaluation method also comprise the steps：
Step 4: when the result of signal evaluation is that occur big fluctuation, then proposing alarm to user.
As the technical scheme of optimization, the equipment of the step one, which is dispatched from the factory, sets up standard signal storehouse, and step 2 equipment
The signal sampling in rear periodic sampling detector terminal signal is begun to use to include following several steps：
Step 1：Equipment is initialized, by apparatus parameter setting to particular value；
Step 2：Multisample is sampled, i.e., once sampling will extract the sample for the fluctuation range for covering signal；
Step 3：Average value is calculated, mean value computation is carried out to multiple samples of sampling.
As the technical scheme of optimization, the specific device parameter includes penetrating source voltage, electric current, during the exposure of detector
Between and gain.
As specific technical scheme, when detector is linear array detector, the step 2 to 3 is specially：Often set up one
One sample signal of standard signal or collection is used for signal evaluation, it is necessary to which multiple repairing weld, sampled signal is designated as：
S(i,j)
I=1,2,3...m
J=1,2,3...n
M is sampling total amount, and n is pixel number, then S (i, j) is meant that：Pixel j gray value, pin when ith is sampled
To any some pixel j, it has m sample value, asks for average, i.e.,：
Then for linear array detector, the signal obtained after a sampling processing is an one-dimensional vector, and its size is pixel
Number.
As the technical scheme of optimization, the step 3 is specifically included：
Step 1, the absolute change for calculating signal fluctuation is vectorial, after specific calculating start use sampled signal and standard signal
Change amount absD (i) and relative variation relD (i)；
Step 2, setting evaluation logic, as long as meeting following either condition, then judge abnormal signal：
1) any one absD (i) is more than a larger threshold value absT1；
2) at least p absD (i) is more than a less threshold value absT2, and p value can be set；
3) any one relD (i) is more than a larger threshold value relT1；
4) at least q relD (i) is more than a less threshold value relT2, and q values can be set；
Step 3, draw evaluation conclusion.
As the technical scheme of optimization, when setting up standard signal, set up multiple standard reference signals, when standard signal not
Only one, then set and count k or proportion threshold value s one by one, i.e., be all normal compared with least k standard signal, then it is assumed that be current
Signal is normal, or the ratio that the normal standard signal number of comparison accounts for total standard signal number is greater than s, then it is assumed that signal is just
Often.
As specific technical scheme, by taking linear array detector as an example, after sampling, its signal value is designated as：
P (i), i=1,2,3...n
N is the pixel number of detector, and standard signal is designated as：R (i), i=1,2,3...n
Then calculate two characteristic vectors：
Absolute change amount：AbsD (i)=| P (i)-R (i) |, i=1,2,3...m
Relative variation：
As the technical scheme of optimization, the step 3 can be proposed to cause according to the different qualities of signal fluctuation to user
The reason for fluctuation.
As the technical scheme of optimization, if signal fluctuation has a globality, i.e., overall fluctuation amplitude is close at one
Level, then penetrate source and there occurs the reason for more serious aging, or detector include its rear end Acquisition Circuit or belt；
Then it is a certain if signal fluctuation is in subrange, in units of sensor assembly, and often clear-cut
Block sensor has exception comprising its rear end Acquisition Circuit, if occurring the larger fluctuation of the picture element signal extremely disperseed individually, this
The problem of same instruction is detector；
Then it is belt deterioration without obvious boundary with scattered feature if signal fluctuation occurs in random position
It is excessive, or there is more material or pollutant to be detained above, replacing or the clean and maintenance of belt must be given.
The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art：Automatic after each start it can check what detector was received
Signal, and the quantitative criteria with science, by the variation of signal timely discovering device problem, are solved due to that can not do
To inspecting periodically the problem of equipment that equipment causes detects degradation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the method for X-ray detection equipment signal evaluation that the embodiment of the present invention is provided.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart for the signal sampling that the embodiment of the present invention is provided.
Fig. 3 is a kind of evaluation logic example of the method for the X-ray detection equipment signal evaluation that the embodiment of the present invention is provided.
Fig. 4 is the X-ray detection equipment signal wire illustrated embodiment that the embodiment of the present invention is provided.
Fig. 5 is another X-ray detection equipment signal wire illustrated embodiment that the embodiment of the present invention is provided.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are elaborated below, the present embodiment is carried out lower premised on technical solution of the present invention
Implement, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following implementations
Example.
The present invention proposes a kind of X-ray machine signal sampling and evaluation method, helps user to assess the fluctuation of complete machine signal automatically
Property.This method：Under identical device parameter, regular (or when starting shooting every time) automatic sampled detector signal, storage to letter
Number storehouse.Using certain criterion, periodically current demand signal and the equipment signal that dispatches from the factory are compared, so as to be estimated to it.If
Signal fluctuation is more than the tolerance of the equipment, then issues the user with alarm.
Refer to shown in Fig. 1, X-ray machine signal sampling of the present invention and evaluation method comprise the following steps：
Step 1: before equipment is dispatched from the factory, setting up standard signal storehouse：
Whether is signal fluctuation, to be compared with a standard value, correct standard value, with reference to the signal evaluation side of science
Method, just can ensure that the reasonability of signal evaluation result, therefore, set up standard signal extremely important.
Before equipment is dispatched from the factory, it is ensured that equipment performance has reached a normal state of stabilization, then, in specific equipment
Under parameter (including penetrating source voltage, electric current, the time for exposure of detector and gain), sampled detector signal is saved as mark
Calibration signal storehouse；
Step 2: after equipment begins to use, periodic sampling detector terminal signal：
After equipment begins to use, periodically detector terminal signal is sampled or start is just sampled every time, all be
It is automatic to carry out, the uncertainty that artificial sample can be forgotten thus is avoided that, during signal sampling, must be requested that equipment is with setting up standard
Device parameter during signal library is consistent, i.e., identical penetrates source voltage, electric current, the time for exposure of detector and gain, these all shadows
Signal value is rung, with continuing on for equipment, under identical parameter, signal can also be changed, but as long as change is one
Determine in degree, i.e., do not influence Detection results, be exactly sustainable；
Step 3: signal evaluation：
The detector terminal sample of signal of collection and the standard signal in standard signal storehouse are contrasted, current letter is evaluated
Number value whether in the reasonable scope.The evaluation depends on a set of scientific and effective interpretational criteria, and rational judge is made to signal,
It is the key of this signal evaluation method, in this evaluation method, antipode between sample signal and standard signal should be calculated special
Levy, also to calculate their relative different feature, then design specific evaluation logic, such as when antipode and relative different are same
When more than certain threshold value, either each greater than certain threshold value or judge rule with others, go to differentiate that current demand signal is
It is no to occur larger fluctuation.
As optional step, X-ray machine signal sampling of the present invention and evaluation method are also included Step 4: reminding user：
If in step 3, when detector terminal sample of signal and the standard signal in standard signal storehouse of collection are carried out
Contrast, the result of judge is when occurring big fluctuation, then alarm to be proposed to user, and different wave characteristics may react not
Same component problem, is caused, one piece one piece of fluctuation of locality is (with detector as the fluctuation of globality by penetrating source aging
Width is unit) then caused extremely by detector, and the discrete fluctuation of randomness is more caused by transmission belt is lost or is infected with foreign matter.
In above-mentioned signal evaluation method, signal sampling and signal evaluation are two most important modules.Separately below
Elaborate.
First, signal sampling
Equipment, which is dispatched from the factory, sets up standard signal storehouse, and equipment begins to use rear periodic sampling detector terminal signal to carry out
Evaluate, be directed to signal sampling, as shown in Fig. 2 signal sampling is divided into following several steps：
Step 1：Equipment is initialized, by apparatus parameter setting to particular value, and device parameter includes penetrating source voltage, electric current, visits
Survey time for exposure and the gain parameter of device, equipment, which is dispatched from the factory, sets up standard signal storehouse and equipment begins to use rear periodic sampling to detect
The parameter of device terminal signaling setting should be identical；
Step 2：Multisample is sampled, and this is that in order to ensure the science of sampling, i.e., once sampling will extract enough samples
How much this, should just calculate enough on earthThis depends on the industry knowwhy and experience of persons skilled in the art, with substantially
The fluctuation range for covering signal is defined；
Step 3：Average value is calculated, mean value computation is carried out to multiple samples.
By taking linear array detector as an example, often setting up one sample signal of a standard signal or collection is used for signal evaluation, needs
Multiple repairing weld is wanted, sampled signal is designated as：
S(i,j)
I=1,2,3...m
J=1,2,3...n
M is sampling total amount, and n is pixel number, then S (i, j) is meant that：Pixel j gray value when ith is sampled.
For any some pixel j, it has m sample value, asks for average, i.e.,：
Then for linear array detector, the signal obtained after a sampling processing is an one-dimensional vector, and its size is pixel
Number.
If planar array detector, then the signal preserved after once sampling is a bivector, and its size is horizontal picture
First number × longitudinal direction pixel number.
Certainly other forms can be also equivalent to, such as adjacent several pixel gray scales are merged into a value.Data can so be reduced
Caching.But in signal evaluation, Evaluation accuracy can decline.
To be proposed, when setting up standard signal, in order to be further ensured that science, multiple canonical reference letters can be set up
Number.Difference should be very little between these standard signals.In sampling below, standard signal that can be all with this enters
Row is compared, when all meeting some preparatory condition, or is met the ratio of preparatory condition and be more than some parameter, then it is believed that being sampled
Signal is in reasonable fluctuation range.
2nd, signal evaluation
The schematic flow sheet of signal evaluation is as shown in figure 3, the signal evaluation specifically includes following steps：
Step 1, calculating signal fluctuation vector
By taking linear array detector as an example, after certain sampling, its signal value is designated as：
P (i), i=1,2,3...n
N is the pixel number of detector, and standard signal is designated as：R (i), i=1,2,3...n
Then calculate two characteristic vectors：
Absolute change amount：AbsD (i)=| P (i)-R (i) |, i=1,2,3...m
Relative variation：
Step 2, setting evaluation logic
As long as meeting following either condition, then abnormal signal is judged：
1) any one absD (i) is more than a larger threshold value absT1；
2) at least p absD (i) is more than a less threshold value absT2, and p value can be set；
3) any one relD (i) is more than a larger threshold value relT1；
4) at least q relD (i) is more than a less threshold value relT2, and q values can be set.
Certainly, sometimes according to needs, the decision condition of abnormal signal can be changed, is such as revised as：1), 2) be or relation,
3), 4) be or relation, 1), 2) with 3), 4) be and relation, i.e., 1) with 2) meeting one, and 3) with 4) meeting one.
The above-mentioned comparison for being used to judge present sample signal and a standard signal, if standard signal more than one,
It can set and count k or proportion threshold value s one by one, i.e., all be normal compared with least k standard signal, then it is assumed that current demand signal is just
Often, or compare the ratio that normal standard signal number accounts for total standard signal number and be greater than s, then it is assumed that signal is normal.
Step 3, draw evaluation conclusion
By the analysis of evaluation logic, it has been found that when whether normal time signal is, if normally, equipment can enter detection stream
Journey, if abnormal, system can propose alarm or prompting to user, and according to the different qualities of signal fluctuation, being proposed to user can
The reason for causing fluctuation of energy.
(penetrate source and detector position in the case of equipment is completely normal normal, will not occur ray and be blocked, detect
Device does not receive the situation of signal), if signal fluctuation has globality, i.e., overall fluctuation amplitude in a close level,
Then it is likely to penetrate source and there occurs more serious aging, but it is that detector includes its rear end Acquisition Circuit or skin also not exclusively to exclude
The reason for band, because the change for penetrating source signal is overall, detector is spliced by one piece of one piece of sensor, each sensor signal
Have differences, it fluctuates and also tends to difference, and the breakage of belt or the thereon position of retentate be usually it is random, what it was caused
Signal fluctuation is often neither overall, nor in units of detector, being only arbitrarily distributed in everywhere.
If signal fluctuation only in subrange, is one piece one piece, (is not sensor in units of sensor assembly
Pixel a, sensor assembly is typically made up of a number of pixel.The sensor assembly of varying number then constitutes different spies
Survey the detector of length.), and often clear-cut, then very it is probably that a certain piece of sensor (Acquisition Circuit containing its rear end) has greatly
It is abnormal, certainly, sometimes it can also happen that the larger fluctuation of the picture element signal extremely disperseed individually, this same instruction is asking for detector
Topic.Referring to Fig. 4, the detector in transverse axis-pixel in Fig. 4, the longitudinal axis-gray value, Fig. 4 is made up of 8 pieces of sensor assemblies, it is parallel
It is module edge signal wire in the line of the longitudinal axis, is the separator bar of disparate modules.Because the signal ash in multirow sample mean, Fig. 4
Angle value is not integer.It can be seen that, having differences property of different sensors module by signal, the signal wave of the 1st, 5,7 module in Fig. 4
It is dynamic more obvious.In practice, the signal amplitude of different sensors module may have bigger difference.Fig. 4 is only signal.Compare
Fig. 5 and Fig. 4, first piece of sensor signal amplitude occurs substantially to move down, then reminds the block sensor that (or its rear end collection is electric
Road) it is abnormal.Notice that Fig. 5 is different with Fig. 4 displaying ratio.
If signal fluctuation occurs in random position, with scattered feature, without obvious boundary, instruction is probably skin
Band is lost excessive, or has more material or pollutant to be detained above, must give replacing or the clean and maintenance of belt.
In this patent, we not only propose a kind of signal evaluation method, are used to help client's automatic analysis equipment letter
Number fluctuation, also refer to the concept of signal library.
Signal library contains the sampled signal of all standard signals and equipment in use, and signal library is assisted mainly in
Client checks the overall signal variation tendency during equipment operation, estimates signal decay rate, and source, detector and skin are penetrated to understanding
There are directive significance in the performance of band and life-span.Due to the otherness of every equipment, the signal library content of multiple devices is then provided
About the stability information of the model device.This is without benefits for the Optimal improvements of equipment.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of X-ray machine signal sampling and evaluation method, it is characterised in that：Comprise the steps：
Step 1: before equipment is dispatched from the factory, it is ensured that equipment performance has reached a normal state of stabilization, then, is specifically setting
Under standby parameter, sampled detector signal is saved as standard signal storehouse；
Step 2: after equipment begins to use, periodic sampling detector terminal signal, during signal sampling, must be requested that equipment is with building
Device parameter during day-mark calibration signal storehouse is consistent；
Step 3: signal evaluation, by the standard signal progress pair in the detector terminal sample of signal of collection and standard signal storehouse
Than whether in the reasonable scope to evaluate current signal value；
The step 3 includes：
Step 1, the absolute change amount for calculating signal fluctuation vector, the specific sampled signal calculated after start use and standard signal
AbsD (i) and relative variation relD (i)；
Step 2, setting evaluation logic, as long as meeting following either condition, then judge abnormal signal：
1) any one absD (i) is more than a larger threshold value absT1；
2) at least p absD (i) is more than a less threshold value absT2, and p value can be set；
3) any one relD (i) is more than a larger threshold value relT1；
4) at least q relD (i) is more than a less threshold value relT2, and q values can be set；
Step 3, draw evaluation conclusion；
When setting up standard signal, set up multiple standard reference signals, when standard signal more than one, then set one by one count k or
Proportion threshold value s, i.e., be normal compared with least k standard signal, then it is assumed that current demand signal is normal, or is compared normal
The ratio that standard signal number accounts for total standard signal number is greater than s, then it is assumed that signal is normal；
The step 3 can be according to the different qualities of signal fluctuation, the reason for proposing to cause fluctuation to user：
If signal fluctuation has globality, i.e., overall fluctuation amplitude in a close level, then penetrate source there occurs it is more serious
Aging, or detector include its rear end Acquisition Circuit or belt the reason for；
If signal fluctuation is then a certain piece of sensor or comprising it in units of sensor assembly only in subrange
Rear end Acquisition Circuit has exception, if occurring the larger fluctuation of the picture element signal extremely disperseed individually, and this same instruction is detector
Problem；
Then it is belt deterioration mistake without obvious boundary with scattered feature if signal fluctuation occurs in random position
Greatly, or above there are more material or pollutant to be detained, replacing or the clean and maintenance of belt must be given.
2. a kind of X-ray machine signal sampling as claimed in claim 1 and evaluation method, it is characterised in that：After the step 3
Also comprise the steps：
Step 4: when the result of signal evaluation is that occur big fluctuation, then proposing alarm to user.
3. a kind of X-ray machine signal sampling as claimed in claim 1 and evaluation method, it is characterised in that：
The equipment of the step one, which is dispatched from the factory, sets up standard signal storehouse, and step 2 equipment begins to use rear periodic sampling detector
Signal sampling in terminal signaling includes following several steps：
Step 1：Equipment is initialized, by apparatus parameter setting to particular value；
Step 2：Multisample is sampled, i.e., once sampling will extract the sample for the fluctuation range for covering signal；
Step 3：Average value is calculated, mean value computation is carried out to multiple samples of sampling.
4. a kind of X-ray machine signal sampling and evaluation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that：The spy
Fixed device parameter includes penetrating source voltage, electric current, the time for exposure of detector and gain.
5. a kind of X-ray machine signal sampling as claimed in claim 3 and evaluation method, it is characterised in that：When detector is linear array
Detector, the step 2 to 3 is specially：Often setting up one sample signal of a standard signal or collection is used for signal evaluation, needs
Multiple repairing weld is wanted, sampled signal is designated as：
S(i,j)
I=1,2,3...m
J=1,2,3...n
M is sampling total amount, and n is pixel number, then S (i, j) is meant that：Pixel j gray value when ith is sampled, for appointing
One some pixel j, it has m sample value, asks for average, i.e.,：
<mrow>
<mi>P</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>j</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<munderover>
<mo>&Sigma;</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
</mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
</munderover>
<mi>S</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>j</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
Then for linear array detector, the signal obtained after a sampling processing is an one-dimensional vector, and its size is pixel number.
6. a kind of X-ray machine signal sampling as claimed in claim 1 and evaluation method, it is characterised in that：Using linear array detector as
Example, after sampling, its signal value is designated as：
P (i), i=1,2,3...n
N is the pixel number of detector, and standard signal is designated as：R (i), i=1,2,3...n
Then calculate two characteristic vectors：
Absolute change amount：AbsD (i)=| P (i)-R (i) |, i=1,2,3...m
Relative variation：
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