CN105157474B - Cannon pitch diameter measuring method - Google Patents
Cannon pitch diameter measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105157474B CN105157474B CN201510265443.8A CN201510265443A CN105157474B CN 105157474 B CN105157474 B CN 105157474B CN 201510265443 A CN201510265443 A CN 201510265443A CN 105157474 B CN105157474 B CN 105157474B
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- cannon
- barrel
- pitch diameter
- theodolite
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Abstract
A kind of cannon pitch diameter measuring method, belongs to field of measuring technique.It is an object of the invention to use a kind of indirect measurement method, relate to the measurement of the cannon size set of data and participate in the cannon pitch diameter measuring method that the divergence angle calculations desired parameters in face is penetrated in gun bore line deviation.The concrete operation step of the present invention is: tested cannon sails appointment detection region into；Cross hairs is accurately pasted at gun muzzle end face；Cannon dead ahead sets up theodolite；Turn cannon steering wheel, until barrel one side can be observed in theodolite；Total powerstation is set up in the markd side of barrel；Barrel plays the angle of elevation 15 °～20 °；Calculate according to measurement result and obtain pitch diameter.The present invention provides parameter for the cannon size set of data and divergence angle calculations.Certainty of measurement meets use requirement, easy to operate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of measuring technique.
Background technology
Cannon pitch diameter refer to gun muzzle end face to axis of trunnions centre distance, be gun bore line deviation penetrate face deflecting angle (with
Lower abbreviation deflecting angle) measure and one of the main contents of cannon size set of data measure the item.At the qualification of target range cannon, design typification
During test, pitch diameter is measured and cannon deflecting angle measurement belongs to important examination item.
In the GJB that standard No. is 2977A-2006, therein " the inclined of face is penetrated in 7.16 gun bore line deviations
Digression is measured ", in 7.16.6.1.4 divergence angle calculations formula (25), need to measure
L5Gun muzzle end face to the distance at axis of trunnions center, i.e. cannon pitch diameter.On the one hand, this standard does not provides
One pitch diameter measuring method accurately；On the other hand, when measuring cannon pitch diameter, cannon gudgeon must be exposed for,
Tape measure can be used directly to measure, and major part kind cannon gudgeon generally seals and do not exposes, directly measure and be difficult to carry out.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to use a kind of indirect measurement method, relate to the measurement of the cannon size set of data and participate in bore axis
The cannon pitch diameter measuring method of the divergence angle calculations desired parameters in face is penetrated in line deviation.
The concrete operation step of the present invention is:
(1) tested cannon sails appointment detection region into, utilizes jack by cannon vertical, horizontal adjustment level, and makes cannon
Barrel is horizontal；
(2) accurately pasting cross hairs at gun muzzle end face, make cross hairs central representation gun muzzle center, breech is pulled down firing pin and is exposed
Hit pinhole；
(3) cannon dead ahead sets up theodolite, rotates cannon steering wheel, elevating mechanism, makes theodolite optical axis and gun muzzle cross
Center, hit pinhole center superposition；
(4) cannon steering wheel is turned, until barrel one side can be observed in theodolite, on the bus of barrel side
Paste two cross marks, and utilize theodolite light axial adjustment two labelling high and low position, it is therefore an objective to make 2 lines and theodolite light
Axle overlaps；
(5) set up total powerstation in the markd side of barrel, aim at E, D 2 point respectively, measure its coordinate；
(6) barrel plays the angle of elevation 15 °～20 ° so that it is be in AC position, and total powerstation measures A, C two point coordinates again；
(7) acquisition pitch diameter is calculated according to measurement result.
The computational methods of the pitch diameter of the present invention are:
A, with total powerstation center for initial point 0, total powerstation horizontal angle be the direction of zero be x-axis, plummet direction is z-axis, according to
Right-hand rule determines y-axis, sets up 3 d space coordinate system；
B, horizontal angle α, zenith angle beta and oblique distance D that record according to total powerstation, just can be calculated arbitrfary point, space M's
D coordinates value is:
(1)
C, AD represent gun barrel, and AC is that barrel beats the position at the high elevation angle around gudgeon center A point, and E is barrel outer surface one
Impact point, D is another impact point outside gun muzzle end face cross section, and when barrel is in AD position, total powerstation aims at D, E, records respectively
The spatial value of D, E,, B, C two point coordinates be respectively,, the three-dimensional coordinate that B, C, D, E are 4 can pass through formula (1) and solve
Calculate, then:
(2)
Owing to △ ABE and △ ACD is isosceles triangle and similar, then have according to the likelihood ratio:
And, so pitch diameter is:
(3).
The present invention provides parameter for the cannon size set of data and divergence angle calculations.Certainty of measurement meets use requirement, operation side
Just.The method have the advantages that
1, the present invention solve gudgeon do not expose cannon pitch diameter measure problem.
2, the present invention utilizes electronic theodolite " threading " method, it is ensured that barrel side two impact point line is put down with gun bore line
OK.
3, the present invention three-dimensional coordinate by measurement space 4, resolves the distance of point-to-point transmission, according to the triangle likelihood ratio
Principle, records gun barrel pitch diameter value.
4, execute-in-place of the present invention is simple, computer complete data and process, easy to use, and certainty of measurement meets to use to be wanted
Ask.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be reflectorless total station of the present invention measure spatial coordinates system set up schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is that the present invention utilizes reflectorless total station to measure pitch diameter schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Concrete operation step of the present invention is:
(1) tested cannon sails appointment detection region into, utilizes jack by cannon vertical, horizontal adjustment level, and makes cannon
Barrel is horizontal；
(2) accurately pasting cross hairs at gun muzzle end face, make cross hairs central representation gun muzzle center, breech is pulled down firing pin and is exposed
Hit pinhole；
(3) cannon dead ahead sets up theodolite, rotates cannon steering wheel, elevating mechanism, makes theodolite optical axis and gun muzzle cross
Center, hit pinhole center superposition；
(4) cannon steering wheel is turned, until barrel one side can be observed in theodolite, on the bus of barrel side
Paste two cross marks, and utilize theodolite light axial adjustment two labelling high and low position, it is therefore an objective to make 2 lines and theodolite light
Axle overlaps；
(5) set up total powerstation in the markd side of barrel, aim at E, D 2 point respectively, measure its coordinate；
(6) barrel plays the angle of elevation 15 °～20 ° so that it is be in AC position, and total powerstation measures A, C two point coordinates again；
(7) acquisition pitch diameter is calculated according to measurement result.
The computational methods of the pitch diameter of the present invention are:
A, with total powerstation center for initial point 0, total powerstation horizontal angle be the direction of zero be x-axis, plummet direction is z-axis, according to
Right-hand rule determines y-axis, sets up 3 d space coordinate system；
B, horizontal angle α, zenith angle beta and oblique distance D that record according to total powerstation, just can be calculated arbitrfary point, space M's
D coordinates value is:
(1)
C, AD represent gun barrel, and AC is that barrel beats the position at the high elevation angle around gudgeon center A point, and E is barrel outer surface one
Impact point, D is another impact point outside gun muzzle end face cross section, and when barrel is in AD position, total powerstation aims at D, E, records respectively
The spatial value of D, E,, B, C two point coordinates be respectively,, the three-dimensional coordinate that B, C, D, E are 4 can pass through formula (1) and solve
Calculate, then:
(2)
Owing to △ ABE and △ ACD is isosceles triangle and similar, then have according to the likelihood ratio:
And, so pitch diameter is:
(3).
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention done further detailed description: 1. measure equipment composition
Measurement equipment is made up of high accuracy reflectorless total station, a notebook computer.During measuring, fire
Barrel pipe need to be certain from level the elevation angle, prism is fixing difficulty on barrel, so this method uses non-prism entirely to stand
Instrument.Reflectorless total station is that set electron theodolite, geodimeter and micro processor are in the mapping equipment of one, it is not necessary to
Lay prism at impact point just with the horizontal angle of measurement space point, zenith angle and oblique distance, and to carry out data transmission, by computer
Complete data to process.
2. reflectorless total station measurement space point three-dimensional coordinate principle
Such as Fig. 1, with total powerstation center for initial point 0, total powerstation horizontal angle be the direction of zero be x-axis, plummet direction is z-axis,
Determine y-axis according to right-hand rule, set up 3 d space coordinate system.When total powerstation aims at space point M, can be measured this
The spatial value of point.
3. the resolving of space coordinates point
Such as Fig. 1, M′It is that M projects at horizontal plane xoy, horizontal angle α, zenith angle beta and oblique distance D recorded according to total powerstation, just
The D coordinates value that can be calculated arbitrfary point, space M is:
(1)
4 reflectorless total station measure cannon pitch diameter principle
As in figure 2 it is shown, AD represents gun barrel, being now in substantially horizontal arrangement, AC is that barrel is beaten around gudgeon center A point
The position of a high fixed angle of altitude.E is barrel outer surface one impact point, and D is another impact point outside gun muzzle end face cross section, and dotted line represents
Gun bore line, utilizes theodolite " threading " method to make ED line parallel with gun bore line.AD or AC length is pitch diameter.
When barrel is in AD position, total powerstation aims at D, E, can record the spatial value of D, E respectively
,.Barrel beats a high fixed angle of altitude, when total powerstation aims at B, C, record B, C two point coordinates respectively
For,.The three-dimensional coordinate that B, C, D, E are 4 can pass through formula
(1) calculate, then:
(2)
Owing to △ ABE and △ ACD is isosceles triangle and similar, then have according to the likelihood ratio:
And, so pitch diameter is:
(3)
Operating procedure
The cannon pitch diameter measuring method of the present invention is completed by the following step: (1) tested cannon sails appointment detection zone into
Territory, utilizes jack by cannon vertical, horizontal adjustment level, and makes gun barrel be in substantially horizontal arrangement；(2) at gun muzzle end face
Accurately pasting cross hairs, make cross hairs central representation gun muzzle center, breech is pulled down firing pin and is exposed hit pinhole；(3) cannon dead ahead
Set up theodolite, rotate cannon steering wheel, elevating mechanism, make theodolite optical axis with gun muzzle cross searching, hit pinhole center superposition (i.e.
" threading ")；(4) cannon steering wheel is turned, until barrel one side can be observed in theodolite, on the bus of barrel side
(E, D in Fig. 2) pastes two cross marks, and utilizes theodolite light axial adjustment two labelling high and low position, it is therefore an objective to make 2 companies
Line and theodolite optical axis coincidence；(5) set up total powerstation in the markd side of barrel, aim at E, D 2 point respectively, measure it and sit
Mark；(6) barrel plays the angle of elevation 15 °～20 ° so that it is be in AC position, and total powerstation measures A, C two point coordinates again；(7) measurement result
Transmitting computer, according to four point coordinates values, computer calculates pitch diameter value.
Practical example:
With certain type howitzer as the embodiment of the present invention, this cannon gudgeon center is exposed, when measuring pitch diameter, it is possible to use
Tape measure is directly measured, it is also possible to utilize reflectorless total station indirectly to measure, and utilizes tape measure pitch diameter R1=
4647mm, utilizes reflectorless total station to measure pitch diameter R2=4645.5mm, the two differs 1.5mm, meets divergence angle calculations and want
Ask.
Claims (2)
1. a cannon pitch diameter measuring method, it is characterised in that: its concrete operation step is:
(1) tested cannon sails appointment detection region into, utilizes jack by cannon vertical, horizontal adjustment level, and makes gun barrel
It is horizontal；
(2) accurately pasting cross hairs at gun muzzle end face, make cross hairs central representation gun muzzle center, breech is pulled down firing pin and is exposed hit pinhole；
(3) cannon dead ahead sets up theodolite, rotates cannon steering wheel, elevating mechanism, make theodolite optical axis and gun muzzle cross searching,
Hit pinhole center superposition；
(4) turn cannon steering wheel, until barrel one side can be observed in theodolite, barrel side bus is pasted two
Cross mark, and utilize theodolite light axial adjustment two labelling high and low position, it is therefore an objective to make 2 lines and theodolite optical axis coincidence；
(5) set up total powerstation in the markd side of barrel, aim at E, D 2 point respectively, measure its coordinate；
(6) barrel plays the angle of elevation 15 °～20 ° so that it is be in AC position, and total powerstation measures A, C two point coordinates again；
(7) acquisition pitch diameter is calculated according to measurement result；
Wherein: A point is gudgeon center；C point is that barrel beats the position of a high fixed angle of altitude around gudgeon center A point for AC；D point is gun muzzle
Another impact point outside end face cross section；E point is barrel outer surface one impact point.
Cannon pitch diameter measuring method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the computational methods of pitch diameter are:
A, with total powerstation center for initial point 0, total powerstation horizontal angle be the direction of zero be x-axis, plummet direction is z-axis, according to the right hand
Rule determines y-axis, sets up 3 d space coordinate system；
B, horizontal angle α, zenith angle beta and oblique distance D that record according to total powerstation, just can be calculated the three-dimensional of arbitrfary point, space M
Coordinate figure is:
(1)
C, AD represent gun barrel, and AC is that barrel beats the position at the high elevation angle around gudgeon center A point, and E is barrel outer surface one target
Point, D is another impact point outside gun muzzle end face cross section, and C point is D point displacement point, and B point is E point displacement point, and barrel is in AD position
Time, total powerstation aims at D, E, records the spatial value of D, E respectively,,
B, C two point coordinates be respectively,, three-dimensional coordinate that B, C, D, E are 4
Formula (1) can be passed through calculate, then:
(2)
Owing to △ ABE and △ ACD is isosceles triangle and similar, then have according to the likelihood ratio:
And, so pitch diameter is:
(3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510265443.8A CN105157474B (en) | 2015-05-23 | 2015-05-23 | Cannon pitch diameter measuring method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510265443.8A CN105157474B (en) | 2015-05-23 | 2015-05-23 | Cannon pitch diameter measuring method |
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| CN105157474A CN105157474A (en) | 2015-12-16 |
| CN105157474B true CN105157474B (en) | 2016-11-30 |
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| CN201510265443.8A Expired - Fee Related CN105157474B (en) | 2015-05-23 | 2015-05-23 | Cannon pitch diameter measuring method |
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| CN105202968B (en) * | 2015-08-29 | 2017-09-08 | 中国人民解放军63853部队 | Cannon centre of gyration position calibration method |
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| CN106767548B (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2023-07-25 | 长春理工大学 | Device and method for detecting directivity of gun barrel in shooting state by using space three-coordinate method |
| CN110595267A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-20 | 南京理工大学 | Semi-automatic gun adjustment precision detection system and method based on Bluetooth wireless data transmission |
| CN110657790B (en) * | 2019-10-04 | 2021-08-03 | 中国人民解放军63850部队 | Method for measuring vertical target coordinates by using total station |
| CN113959251B (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2023-07-14 | 中国人民解放军63853部队 | Horizontal distance measuring method for projection point and rotary shaft on gun |
| CN114018090B (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2023-01-31 | 中国人民解放军63853部队 | Theodolite bore horizontal threading method |
| CN115077297B (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2023-11-28 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Method for measuring space angle of gun barrel by using total station |
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2015
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