CN105151259A - Marine variable-paddle-bending-degree propeller - Google Patents
Marine variable-paddle-bending-degree propeller Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
船用桨叶弯度可变的螺旋桨，本发明涉及船用桨叶弯度可变的螺旋桨，本发明内容是为了解决传统船用螺旋桨推进力相对较小以及推进效率相对较低，机动性不高的问题，且还没有通过改变螺旋桨的弯度来提高其推进力和推进效率的技术方案，它包括桨毂和多个桨叶；每个桨叶包括桨叶体、襟翼、第二襟翼驱动器、襟翼固定杆、襟翼推杆、位移放大机构；多个桨叶体沿圆周方向均布固定安装在桨毂上，每个桨叶体上加工有襟翼安装孔，每个襟翼固定杆插装在襟翼上，每个襟翼固定杆的两端固定安装在襟翼安装孔侧壁上，位移放大机构套装在第二襟翼驱动器上，每个第二襟翼驱动器靠近襟翼安装孔固定安装在桨叶体上，本发明用于螺旋桨制造领域。
A marine propeller with variable blade camber, the present invention relates to a marine propeller with variable blade camber, the content of the invention is to solve the problems of relatively small propulsion force, relatively low propulsion efficiency and low maneuverability of traditional marine propellers, and There is no technical solution to improve propulsion and propulsion efficiency by changing the camber of the propeller, which consists of a hub and a plurality of blades; each blade includes a blade body, flaps, a second flap driver, a flap fixing Rod, flap push rod, displacement amplification mechanism; multiple blade bodies are evenly distributed and fixedly installed on the hub along the circumferential direction, each blade body is processed with a flap mounting hole, and each flap fixing rod is inserted into the On the flap, the two ends of each flap fixing rod are fixedly installed on the side wall of the flap installation hole, the displacement amplification mechanism is set on the second flap driver, and each second flap driver is fixedly installed near the flap installation hole On the blade body, the invention is used in the field of propeller manufacturing.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及船用桨叶弯度可变的螺旋桨。The invention relates to a marine propeller with variable blade camber.
背景技术Background technique
船用螺旋桨的推进技术一直是国防科技发展的重点，传统船用螺旋桨推进力相对较小以及推进效率相对较低，机动性不高，随着船舶对推进技术的要求愈加迫切，传统船用螺旋桨显然不能达到所要求的性能，因此需对螺旋桨进行改进使其能更好的为船舶推进领域服务，虽然很多学者对于传统螺旋桨进行了改进，但是由于螺旋桨本身的桨叶形状并未改变，使得改进后的螺旋桨的综合性能并未有很大的提升，目前，通过改变螺旋桨的弯度来提高其推进力和推进效率无疑是较简单且行之有效的方法，现有技术还没有通过解决此类问题而提高船用螺旋桨推进力和推进效率的方法。The propulsion technology of marine propellers has always been the focus of the development of national defense science and technology. The propulsion force of traditional marine propellers is relatively small, the propulsion efficiency is relatively low, and the maneuverability is not high. As ships have more and more urgent requirements for propulsion technology, traditional marine propellers obviously cannot meet The required performance, so it is necessary to improve the propeller so that it can better serve the field of ship propulsion. Although many scholars have improved the traditional propeller, because the shape of the propeller blade itself has not changed, the improved propeller The overall performance of the propeller has not been greatly improved. At present, it is undoubtedly a relatively simple and effective method to improve its propulsion and propulsion efficiency by changing the camber of the propeller. The existing technology has not improved the marine propeller by solving such problems. Methods of propulsion and propulsion efficiency.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明内容是为了解决传统船用螺旋桨推进力相对较小以及推进效率相对较低，机动性不高的问题，且还没有通过改变螺旋桨的弯度来提高其推进力和推进效率的技术方案，进而提供船用桨叶弯度可变的螺旋桨。The content of the present invention is to solve the problems of relatively small propulsion force, relatively low propulsion efficiency, and low maneuverability of traditional marine propellers, and there is no technical solution to improve propulsion force and propulsion efficiency by changing the camber of the propeller, and further provides Marine propeller with variable blade camber.
本发明为解决上述问题而采用的技术方案是：The technical scheme that the present invention adopts for solving the above problems is:
船用桨叶弯度可变的螺旋桨，它包括桨毂和多个桨叶；每个桨叶包括桨叶体、襟翼、第二襟翼驱动器、襟翼固定杆、襟翼推杆、位移放大机构；多个桨叶体沿圆周方向均布固定安装在桨毂上，每个桨叶体上加工有襟翼安装孔，每个襟翼固定杆插装在襟翼上，襟翼与襟翼固定杆为过盈配合，且每个襟翼固定杆的两端固定安装在襟翼安装孔侧壁上，位移放大机构套装在第二襟翼驱动器上，每个第二襟翼驱动器靠近襟翼安装孔固定安装在桨叶体上，且每个襟翼推杆的一端固定安装在位移放大机构上，每个襟翼推杆的另一端顶在襟翼上。Marine propeller with variable blade camber, which includes a hub and a plurality of blades; each blade includes a blade body, a flap, a second flap driver, a flap fixing rod, a flap push rod, and a displacement amplification mechanism ;A plurality of blade bodies are evenly distributed and fixedly installed on the hub along the circumferential direction, each blade body is processed with a flap mounting hole, each flap fixing rod is inserted on the flap, and the flap is fixed to the flap The rod is an interference fit, and the two ends of each flap fixing rod are fixedly installed on the side wall of the flap installation hole, the displacement amplification mechanism is set on the second flap driver, and each second flap driver is installed close to the flap The hole is fixedly installed on the blade body, and one end of each flap push rod is fixedly installed on the displacement amplification mechanism, and the other end of each flap push rod is supported on the flap.
本发明的有益效果是：通过第二襟翼驱动器4驱动襟翼3的摆动，襟翼3的摆动范围为20°，规定襟翼未摆动时的偏转角度为0°，此角度作为襟翼摆动的参考角度，将襟翼向螺旋桨叶面方向摆动规定为“+”，向桨叶叶背方向摆动规定为“-”，通过设计可使襟翼的偏转角度实现-10°～+10°的改变，进而实现螺旋桨桨叶2弯度的改变，从而实现螺旋桨推进力的改变，且在不同转速下保持螺旋桨均具有相对更高的推进效率和更大的推进速度以及推进力，在最高转速下具有相比同类螺旋桨更高的推进速度和更大的推进力，在螺旋桨快速启动、紧急刹车、急速转弯等工况下具有更加稳定的性能，进而实现螺旋桨具有更高机动性，当船舶处于巡航状态时，可以使襟翼偏转到螺旋桨工作效率最高的情形，从而节省燃料，当螺旋桨负荷过重时，通过改变其弯度可以轻松卸掉部分载荷，在保护螺旋桨少受损伤的同时，也避免因变换船舶主机的工作模式而带来的冲击破坏，该螺旋桨的高度灵活性和多工作模式必将极大的提高其综合性能，使其更加适应于复杂的海洋环境，为其在不同情形下的高效率、大推进力、高机动性推进奠定了良好的基础。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the swing of the flap 3 is driven by the second flap driver 4, the swing range of the flap 3 is 20 °, and the deflection angle when the flap is not swung is 0 °, and this angle is used as the swing of the flap. The reference angle of the flap is specified as "+" for the flap to the direction of the propeller blade, and "-" for the flap to the direction of the back of the blade. Through the design, the deflection angle of the flap can be achieved from -10° to +10°. Change, and then realize the change of the curvature of the propeller blade 2, thereby realizing the change of the propulsion force of the propeller, and maintain the propeller with relatively higher propulsion efficiency and greater propulsion speed and propulsion force at different speeds, and have a Compared with similar propellers, it has a higher propulsion speed and greater propulsion force, and has more stable performance under the working conditions of rapid propeller start, emergency braking, and sharp turning, thereby achieving higher propeller maneuverability. When the ship is in the cruising state When the flaps are turned to the state where the propeller has the highest working efficiency, fuel can be saved. When the propeller is overloaded, part of the load can be easily removed by changing its camber. While protecting the propeller from damage, it is also possible to avoid damage caused by changing The impact damage caused by the working mode of the main engine of the ship, the high flexibility and multiple working modes of the propeller will greatly improve its comprehensive performance, making it more suitable for the complex marine environment, and its high performance in different situations Efficiency, large propulsion, and high mobility have laid a good foundation for propulsion.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明整体结构俯视图，图2是本发明未安装襟翼3的整体结构示意图，图3是襟翼壳体7的结构示意图，图4是襟翼固定杆6插装在襟翼3过盈配合的工作示意图，图5是襟翼固定杆6插装在襟翼3间隙配合的工作示意图。Fig. 1 is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention without flaps 3 installed, Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the flap housing 7, Fig. 4 is a flap fixing rod 6 inserted in the flap 3 The working schematic diagram of the interference fit, Fig. 5 is the working schematic diagram of the clearance fit of the flap fixing rod 6 inserted in the flap 3.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
具体实施方式一：结合图1-图5说明本实施方式，本实施方式所述船用桨叶弯度可变的螺旋桨，它包括桨毂1和多个桨叶2；每个桨叶2包括桨叶体8、襟翼3、第二襟翼驱动器4、襟翼固定杆6、襟翼推杆9、位移放大机构10；多个桨叶体8沿圆周方向均布固定安装在桨毂1上，每个桨叶体8上加工有襟翼安装孔8-1，每个襟翼固定杆6插装在襟翼3上，襟翼3与襟翼固定杆6为过盈配合，且每个襟翼固定杆6的两端固定安装在襟翼安装孔8-1侧壁上，位移放大机构10套装在第二襟翼驱动器4上，每个第二襟翼驱动器4靠近襟翼安装孔8-1固定安装在桨叶体8上，且每个襟翼推杆9的一端固定安装在位移放大机构10上，每个襟翼推杆9的另一端顶在襟翼3上。Specific Embodiment 1: This embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 5. The propeller with variable curvature of the marine blade described in this embodiment includes a hub 1 and a plurality of blades 2; each blade 2 includes a blade body 8, flap 3, second flap driver 4, flap fixing rod 6, flap push rod 9, displacement amplification mechanism 10; a plurality of blade bodies 8 are uniformly distributed and fixedly installed on the hub 1 along the circumferential direction, Flap installation holes 8-1 are processed on each blade body 8, and each flap fixing rod 6 is inserted on the flap 3, and the flap 3 and the flap fixing rod 6 are interference fit, and each flap The two ends of the wing fixing rod 6 are fixedly installed on the side wall of the flap installation hole 8-1, and the displacement amplification mechanism 10 is set on the second flap driver 4, and each second flap driver 4 is close to the flap installation hole 8-1. 1 is fixedly installed on the blade body 8, and one end of each flap push rod 9 is fixedly mounted on the displacement amplifying mechanism 10, and the other end of each flap push rod 9 is supported on the flap 3.
具体实施方式二：结合图1和图3说明本实施方式，本实施方式所述船用桨叶弯度可变的螺旋桨，所述襟翼3包括第一襟翼驱动器5和襟翼壳体7；第一襟翼驱动器5固定安装在襟翼壳体7内，襟翼壳体7分为两个壳体，且两个壳体通过多个螺栓固定连接，第一襟翼驱动器5为压电块体，其它与具体实施方式一相同。Specific embodiment two: This embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the propeller with variable blade camber used in this embodiment, the flap 3 includes a first flap driver 5 and a flap housing 7; A flap driver 5 is fixedly installed in the flap housing 7, the flap housing 7 is divided into two housings, and the two housings are fixedly connected by a plurality of bolts, the first flap driver 5 is a piezoelectric block , the others are the same as in the first embodiment.
具体实施方式三：结合图1和图3说明本实施方式，本实施方式所述船用桨叶弯度可变的螺旋桨，所述襟翼壳体7分为第一直面7-1、第二直面7-2、第三直面7-3、第四弧面7-4和两个侧面7-5；第一直面7-1的长度为螺旋桨梢圆直径的1/20～1/6，第二直面7-2的长度为其所在位置的螺旋桨弦长的1/4～1/3，第三直面7-3的长度为螺旋桨弦长的1/4～1/3，襟翼壳体7安装在桨叶体8距离桨毂1的距离为梢圆直径的1/8～1/3处，梢圆即螺旋桨旋转时，桨叶叶梢所画的圆形轨迹，其它与具体实施方式一相同。Specific embodiment three: This embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the marine propeller with variable blade camber described in this embodiment, the flap shell 7 is divided into a first straight face 7-1, a second straight face 7-2, the third straight face 7-3, the fourth arc face 7-4 and two side faces 7-5; the length of the first straight face 7-1 is 1/20～1/6 of the diameter of the propeller tip circle, the The length of the second straight face 7-2 is 1/4 to 1/3 of the chord length of the propeller where it is located, the length of the third straight face 7-3 is 1/4 to 1/3 of the chord length of the propeller, and the flap housing 7 The distance between the blade body 8 and the hub 1 is 1/8 to 1/3 of the diameter of the tip circle. The tip circle is the circular track drawn by the tip of the blade when the propeller rotates. Others are the same as the specific embodiment. same.
具体实施方式四：结合图1-图5说明本实施方式，本实施方式所述船用桨叶弯度可变的螺旋桨，所述位移放大机构10为菱形框体或椭圆形框体，其它与具体实施方式一相同。Specific Embodiment 4: This embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 5. The propeller with variable blade camber used in this embodiment, the displacement amplifying mechanism 10 is a rhombus frame or an ellipse frame. Others are related to the specific implementation Method 1 is the same.
具体实施方式五：结合图1-图5说明本实施方式，本实施方式所述船用桨叶弯度可变的螺旋桨，所述第二襟翼驱动器4为压电驱动器、磁致伸缩驱动器、介电弹性体驱动器、形状记忆聚合物驱动器、形状记忆聚合物基复合材料驱动器或液压缸中的任意一种驱动器，第一襟翼驱动器5为压电驱动器、磁致伸缩驱动器、介电弹性体驱动器、形状记忆聚合物驱动器、形状记忆聚合物基复合材料驱动器或液压缸中的任意一种驱动器，介电弹性体驱动器包括丙烯酸驱动器和硅橡胶驱动器，形状记忆聚合物包括：形状记忆环氧、形状记忆苯乙烯、形状记忆氰酸酯、形状记忆双马来酰亚胺和形状记忆聚氨酯，形状记忆聚合物基复合材料的增强相采用高强纤维，包括：碳纤维、碳化硅纤维、氧化铝纤维、硼纤维、芳纶纤维和高密度聚乙烯纤维，其它与具体实施方式一相同。Specific embodiment five: This embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 5, the propeller with variable blade curvature of the marine blade described in this embodiment, the second flap driver 4 is a piezoelectric driver, a magnetostrictive driver, a dielectric Any one of an elastomer driver, a shape memory polymer driver, a shape memory polymer-based composite material driver or a hydraulic cylinder, the first flap driver 5 is a piezoelectric driver, a magnetostrictive driver, a dielectric elastomer driver, Any of shape memory polymer actuators, shape memory polymer matrix composite actuators, or hydraulic cylinders, dielectric elastomer actuators include acrylic actuators and silicone rubber actuators, shape memory polymers include: shape memory epoxy, shape memory Styrene, shape-memory cyanate, shape-memory bismaleimide and shape-memory polyurethane, the reinforcement phase of shape-memory polymer matrix composites uses high-strength fibers, including: carbon fiber, silicon carbide fiber, alumina fiber, boron fiber , aramid fibers and high-density polyethylene fibers, and others are the same as in Embodiment 1.
具体实施方式六：结合图1-图5说明本实施方式，本实施方式所述船用桨叶弯度可变的螺旋桨，所述桨毂1是由镍、铝、青铜、钛合金材料或树脂基体与纤维增强相复合而成的材料中任意一种材料制成的桨毂，桨叶体8是由镍、铝、青铜、钛合金材料或树脂基体与纤维增强相复合而成的材料中任意一种材料制成的桨叶体，所述树脂基体为环氧树脂、氰酸酯树脂、酚醛树脂或高性能树脂，高性能增强材料包括碳纤维、碳化硅纤维、氧化铝纤维、硼纤维、芳纶纤维、高密度聚乙烯纤维，其它与具体实施方式一相同。Specific embodiment six: This embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 5. The propeller with variable curvature of the marine blade described in this embodiment, the propeller hub 1 is made of nickel, aluminum, bronze, titanium alloy material or resin matrix and The propeller hub is made of any material made of fiber-reinforced composite materials, and the blade body 8 is made of any material made of nickel, aluminum, bronze, titanium alloy or resin matrix and fiber-reinforced composite materials The blade body is made of materials, the resin matrix is epoxy resin, cyanate resin, phenolic resin or high-performance resin, and the high-performance reinforcement material includes carbon fiber, silicon carbide fiber, alumina fiber, boron fiber, aramid fiber , high-density polyethylene fibers, the others are the same as in Embodiment 1.
工作原理working principle
本发明工作中的襟翼3中的第一襟翼驱动器5通电时，第一襟翼驱动器5驱动襟翼3与襟翼固定杆6的配合由过盈配合变为间隙配合，此时襟翼3可以围绕襟翼固定杆6灵活转动，此时第二驱动器4可以驱动襟翼3偏转，当第二驱动器4驱动襟翼3偏转达到襟翼3转动所需角度后，第一襟翼驱动器5停止通电，驱动襟翼3与襟翼固定杆6的配合由间隙配合变为过盈配合，此时螺旋桨桨叶2的弯度改变，从而根据实际需要提高船用螺旋桨推进速度或推进效率亦或机动性，实现螺旋桨的多功能多任务模式。When the first flap driver 5 in the flap 3 in the work of the present invention was energized, the cooperation of the first flap driver 5 to drive the flap 3 and the flap fixing rod 6 changed from an interference fit to a clearance fit. 3 can flexibly rotate around the flap fixing rod 6. At this time, the second driver 4 can drive the flap 3 to deflect. When the second driver 4 drives the flap 3 to deflect to reach the angle required for the rotation of the flap 3, the first flap driver 5 When power is off, the cooperation between the driving flap 3 and the flap fixing rod 6 changes from a clearance fit to an interference fit. At this time, the curvature of the propeller blade 2 changes, thereby improving the propulsion speed, propulsion efficiency or maneuverability of the marine propeller according to actual needs. , to realize the multi-functional multi-tasking mode of the propeller.
Claims (6)
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