CN105149317A - Method for removing heavy metals in hazardous waste incineration fly ash through nanometer zero-valent iron - Google Patents
Method for removing heavy metals in hazardous waste incineration fly ash through nanometer zero-valent iron Download PDFInfo
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- CN105149317A CN105149317A CN201510458662.8A CN201510458662A CN105149317A CN 105149317 A CN105149317 A CN 105149317A CN 201510458662 A CN201510458662 A CN 201510458662A CN 105149317 A CN105149317 A CN 105149317A
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- nano zero
- zero valence
- valence iron
- danger wastes
- flying ash
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/80—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an extraction step
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for removing heavy metals in hazardous waste incineration fly ash through nanometer zero-valent iron and belongs to the technical field of hazardous solid waste pollution in environmental protection. According to the technical scheme, the method is characterized in that the hazardous waste incineration fly and water are evenly mixed, then the nanometer zero-valent iron is added in the mixture, and a mixed solution is obtained; glacial acetic acid is used for adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to be 2-4, a vibration reaction is conducted on the mixed solution for 1-8 h at the temperature of 25 DEG C, and the heavy metals in the hazardous waste incineration fly are removed; and a heavy metal mixture of fly ash residues and the nanometer zero-valent iron is separated out from the mixed solution after the reaction through magnetic separation, and then the heavy metal mixture of the nanometer zero-valent iron is recycled. The reaction time for the nanometer zero-valent iron to remove the heavy metals in the incineration fly ash is short, and the removal effect is good; and the leaching toxicity of the heavy metals obtained after treatment on the hazardous waste incineration fly is obviously reduced, and resource utilization of the incineration fly ash residues is better facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to dangerous noxious waste pollution control technology field in environmental protection, be specifically related to a kind of method that nano zero valence iron removes heavy metal in danger wastes flying ash.
Background technology
By the bottom ash of the flying dust and 30%-40% that produce 3%-5% respectively after medical waste and burning city domestic garbage.Due to total containing a large amount of soluble heavy metals in flying ash, there is Leaching, be therefore formulated into " the National Hazard discarded object register " of China.Recent study finds, except containing except a large amount of heavy metal coppers and zinc in solid waste incineration flying dust, also containing lead, cadmium, chromium and mercury etc.If these solid waste are dealt with improperly, serious secondary pollution can be caused to environment.At present, the main solid waste incineration flying dust treatment technology of China has: cement solidification method and chemical leaching test etc., but these methods thoroughly can not solve the problem of heavy metal pollution in flying ash effectively.
Nano zero valence iron (nZVI) refer to particle diameter between 1-100nm, specific area is 10-70m
2the Fe of/g
0particle, because its specific area is comparatively large, reactivity is comparatively strong, and in the process removing some heavy metal ion in water, nano zero valence iron shows superior repairing performance.The research that some scholars adopt nano zero valence iron to repair water environment both at home and abroad at present mainly comprises: the removal of heavy metal ion in the Dehalogenation reduction of organohalogen compounds, the reduction-decolor of fuel waste water and water.For the research of removing heavy metal ion in water, the good heavy metal ion of effect has: Ba
2+, Zn
2+, Cd
2+, Co
2+, Cu
2+, Hg
2+, Ni
2+, Pb
2+and Cr(VI), therefore nano zero valence iron has good application prospect in environment pollution control.
For the utilization of flying ash resource, usually it is carried out detoxification through multi-stage water wash, in actual application, cost is higher, at present nano zero valence iron is applied to the correlative study report removing heavy metal in solid waste incineration flying dust less.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves there is provided a kind of method that nano zero valence iron removes heavy metal in danger wastes flying ash, the method has economical and efficient and is convenient to reclaim the feature of heavy metal, also mitigates the secondary pollution that solid waste incineration flying dust causes environment simultaneously.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme for solving the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of nano zero valence iron removes the method for heavy metal in danger wastes flying ash, it is characterized in that concrete steps are: add nano zero valence iron after being mixed with water by danger wastes flying ash and obtain mixed solution, wherein the addition of nano zero valence iron is the 5%-10% of danger wastes flying ash quality, then the pH of mixed solution is regulated to be 2-4 by glacial acetic acid, again mixed solution is completed the removal of heavy metal in danger wastes flying ash in 25 DEG C of concussion reaction 1-8h, reacted mixed solution isolates the heavy metallic mixture of flying dust residue and nano zero valence iron through magnetic separating, the heavy metallic mixture recycling of this nano zero valence iron.
Further preferably, described danger wastes flying ash and the mixed proportion of water are the volume of the corresponding water of every 1g danger wastes flying ash is 20mL.
Further preferably, described danger wastes flying ash is medical science incineration of refuse flyash or fly ash from burning city domestic garbage.
Further preferably, the concrete steps of described nano zero valence iron preparation method are: by FeSO
47H
2o joins in absolute ethyl alcohol/water reaction system, then adds polyethylene glycol as dispersant, then drips NaBH under nitrogen atmosphere
4solution Keep agitation mixed solution 30min, finally use anaerobic water and absolute ethanol washing three times respectively, then obtain nano zero valence iron in 60 DEG C of vacuum drying.
Further preferably, in described absolute ethyl alcohol/water reaction system, the volume ratio of absolute ethyl alcohol and water is 4:1.
The present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect:
(1) process of traditional danger wastes flying ash is generally solidify & bury or needs to carry out multi-stage water wash process, and treatment effect is not ideal enough, and the heavy metal reaction time in nano zero valence iron removal flying ash is short and removal effect is better;
(2) zero-valent iron material has magnetic properties, is easy to recycling, also reduces the pollution to environment simultaneously, is environmental friendliness shaped material;
(3) after the process of danger wastes flying ash, the Leaching of heavy metal obviously reduces, advantageously in the recycling of flying ash residue.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the XRD collection of illustrative plates of the nano zero valence iron that the embodiment of the present invention 1 obtains;
Fig. 2 is the SEM collection of illustrative plates of the nano zero valence iron that the embodiment of the present invention 1 obtains;
Fig. 3 is the SEM collection of illustrative plates of the medical refuse burning flyash used in the embodiment of the present invention 2;
Fig. 4 is the contrast block diagram of nano zero valence iron Adsorption of Heavy Metals amount after nano zero valence iron process medical refuse burning flyash concussion 1h and 8h in the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Detailed description of the invention
By the following examples foregoing of the present invention is described in further details, but this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to following embodiment.All technology realized based on foregoing of the present invention all belong to scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
By a certain amount of FeSO
47H
2o joins in absolute ethyl alcohol/water reaction system (volume ratio of absolute ethyl alcohol and water is 4:1), then adds polyethylene glycol as dispersant, then drips NaBH with the speed of 2/s under nitrogen atmosphere
4solution Keep agitation mixed solution 30min, finally use anaerobic water and absolute ethanol washing three times respectively, then it is for subsequent use to obtain nano zero valence iron in 60 DEG C of vacuum drying.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, in medical refuse burning flyash leaching toxicity test, content of beary metal is respectively Cu41.2mg/L, Cr4.02mg/L, Zn870mg/L, As2.1mg/L, Cd1.4mg/L, Pb19.5mg/L, Ni1.22mg/L, Ba71.1mg/L.Taking medical refuse burning flyash 5g respectively joins in the deionized water of 100mL, add the nano zero valence iron (in flying dust quality) of 5% again, then regulate the pH value of mixed solution to be 2 and 3 respectively by glacial acetic acid, after concussion reaction 1h, mixed solution is carried out magnetic separating and isolates Fe
0heavy metallic mixture and flying dust residue.Flying dust mass of residue is about 25% of former flying dust quality, and the flying dust residue under different pH value is carried out toxicity leaching experiment and measures its Leaching of Heavy Metals concentration, result shows: the standard value that above-mentioned Leaching of Heavy Metals amount limits far below national standard.
Table 1 is the toxicity leaching experiment of medical refuse burning flyash, the leaching concentration contrast of each heavy metal in form under different pH value obtains: when pH value is 3, leaching concentration is relatively low, when pH value is 2, flying dust residue Leaching improves relatively, and under two kinds of conditions, Leaching is all below national standard limit value.
The toxicity leaching experiment of table 1 medical refuse burning flyash
。
Embodiment 3
Taking medical refuse burning flyash 3g respectively joins in the deionized water of 60mL, add the nano zero valence iron (in flying dust quality) of 5% again, the pH value regulating solution with glacial acetic acid is 3, in 25 DEG C of isothermal vibration reaction 1h and 8h, mixed solution is carried out the heavy metallic mixture that magnetic sorting isolates Zero-valent Iron, and micro-wave digestion is carried out to it survey its heavy metal concentration, when by data measured, can to shake the reaction time be 1h, the adsorbance of every gram of nano zero valence iron heavy metal is respectively: Pb145.2mg/g, Cr338mg/g, Ni3.2mg/g, Cu66.3mg/g, Zn422.5mg/g, As2.90mg/g, Cd8.9mg/g, Ba460mg/g, the concussion reaction time, when being 8h, the adsorbance of nano zero valence iron heavy metal was respectively: Pb156.9mg/g, Cr362mg/g, Ni3.4mg/g, Cu69.3mg/g, Zn587.5mg/g, As3.8mg/g, Cd10.1mg/g, Ba722mg/g.Result shows: within the specific limits, and the concussion reaction time is in 8h and 1h, and reaction time increase can improve the amount of nano zero valence iron Adsorption of Heavy Metals.
The nano zero valence iron of the unit mass after abscissa represents magnetic sorting separation in Fig. 4 adsorbs the amount of each heavy metal, and unit is mg/g, and in abscissa, white column represents the adsorbance of concussion reaction 1h, and black represents the heavy metal adsorption amount after concussion reaction 8h.
Embodiment 4
Toxicity leaching experiment for another kind of hazardous solid waste-fly ash from burning city domestic garbage: first take toxicity leaching experiment to record its Leaching of Heavy Metals concentration C u6.49mg/L, Zn23.2mg/L, Cr0.68mg/L, Pb37mg/L, As0.567mg/L, Ni0.863mg/L, Cd12mg/L, Ba121mg/L, with the reaction condition in embodiment 1, taking 5g fly ash from burning city domestic garbage joins in the deionized water of 100mL, then the nano zero valence iron (in flying dust quality) of 10% is added, the pH value of mixed solution is regulated to be 3 by glacial acetic acid again and after isothermal vibration reaction 1h, mixed solution is isolated the heavy metallic mixture of flying dust residue and nano zero valence iron through magnetic separating, carry out toxicity leaching experiment to flying dust residue to record Leaching of Heavy Metals concentration and be respectively Cu1.4mg/L, Zn3.2mg/L, Cr0.6mg/L, Pb1.8mg/L, As0.262mg/L, Ni0.3mg/L, Cd2.6mg/L, Ba60.1mg/L.Result shows: the Leaching of Heavy Metals amount of flying dust residue is up to state standards below limit value.
Embodiment above describes general principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage; the technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and description just illustrates principle of the present invention; under the scope not departing from the principle of the invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. a nano zero valence iron removes the method for heavy metal in danger wastes flying ash, it is characterized in that concrete steps are: add nano zero valence iron after being mixed with water by danger wastes flying ash and obtain mixed solution, wherein the addition of nano zero valence iron is the 5%-10% of danger wastes flying ash quality, then the pH of mixed solution is regulated to be 2-4 by glacial acetic acid, again mixed solution is completed the removal of heavy metal in danger wastes flying ash in 25 DEG C of concussion reaction 1-8h, reacted mixed solution isolates the heavy metallic mixture of flying dust residue and nano zero valence iron through magnetic separating, the heavy metallic mixture recycling of this nano zero valence iron.
2. nano zero valence iron according to claim 1 removes the method for heavy metal in danger wastes flying ash, it is characterized in that: described danger wastes flying ash and the mixed proportion of water are the volume of the corresponding water of every 1g danger wastes flying ash is 20mL.
3. nano zero valence iron according to claim 1 removes the method for heavy metal in danger wastes flying ash, it is characterized in that: described danger wastes flying ash is medical science incineration of refuse flyash or fly ash from burning city domestic garbage.
4. nano zero valence iron according to claim 1 removes the method for heavy metal in danger wastes flying ash, it is characterized in that the concrete steps of described nano zero valence iron preparation method are: by FeSO
47H
2o joins in absolute ethyl alcohol/water reaction system, then adds polyethylene glycol as dispersant, then drips NaBH under nitrogen atmosphere
4solution Keep agitation mixed solution 30min, finally use anaerobic water and absolute ethanol washing three times respectively, then obtain nano zero valence iron in 60 DEG C of vacuum drying.
5. nano zero valence iron according to claim 4 removes the method for heavy metal in danger wastes flying ash, it is characterized in that: in described absolute ethyl alcohol/water reaction system, the volume ratio of absolute ethyl alcohol and water is 4:1.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107915420A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-04-17 | 广东弘朝科技有限公司 | A kind of hexavalent chrome reduction agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN108500030A (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2018-09-07 | 河南师范大学 | A kind of Na2The method that EDTA couples heavy metal in Zero-valent Iron removal medical refuse burning flyash |
| CN113800681A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-17 | 华中科技大学 | Method for removing heavy metal ions in domestic garbage incineration fly ash eluent |
| CN114031250A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-02-11 | 中南大学 | Method for hydrothermal treatment of domestic sludge by using zero-valent iron and fly ash |
| CN115780486A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-03-14 | 辽宁海天阁环保科技有限公司 | Pollutant nano-resistance control material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107915420A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-04-17 | 广东弘朝科技有限公司 | A kind of hexavalent chrome reduction agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN107915420B (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2021-09-07 | 广东弘朝科技有限公司 | Hexavalent chromium reducing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN108500030A (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2018-09-07 | 河南师范大学 | A kind of Na2The method that EDTA couples heavy metal in Zero-valent Iron removal medical refuse burning flyash |
| CN113800681A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-17 | 华中科技大学 | Method for removing heavy metal ions in domestic garbage incineration fly ash eluent |
| CN114031250A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-02-11 | 中南大学 | Method for hydrothermal treatment of domestic sludge by using zero-valent iron and fly ash |
| CN114031250B (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-19 | 中南大学 | Method for hydrothermal treatment of domestic sludge by using zero-valent iron and fly ash |
| CN115780486A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-03-14 | 辽宁海天阁环保科技有限公司 | Pollutant nano-resistance control material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115780486B (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-09-01 | 辽宁海天阁环保科技有限公司 | Pollutant nano resistance control material and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20151216 |