CN105148693B - A kind of oil smoke organic matter purification method - Google Patents
A kind of oil smoke organic matter purification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105148693B CN105148693B CN201510535654.9A CN201510535654A CN105148693B CN 105148693 B CN105148693 B CN 105148693B CN 201510535654 A CN201510535654 A CN 201510535654A CN 105148693 B CN105148693 B CN 105148693B
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of oil smoke organic matter purification method, and air is passed through into pending district in a manner of constantly circulating from outside so that oil smoke organic matter and oxygen are thoroughly mixed to form mixing oil smoke organic matter in the physical sense；The working gas of the torch pipe tip location of microwave plasma torch device produces high energy electron by microwave electromagnetic field excitation, by mixing plasma flame of the oil smoke organic matter by the microwave plasma torch device of pending district, the oil smoke organic matter that high energy electron collision passes through makes its molecular link that the shorter small-molecule substance and/or organic free radical of fracture generation carbochain occur successively according to bond energy size, high energy electron collides oxygen and hydrone produces O ° of free radical, OH ° of free radical and active particle, the small-molecule substance and/or organic free radical and O ° of free radical, OH ° of free radical or active particle reaction generation CO2And H2O；By outside the oil smoke discharge after processing to lampblack absorber.It is adapted to spread in household cooker hood, oil smoke removal effect is good and stably.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cooking fume purification handling technology, more particularly to one kind to carry out oil smoke by corona treatment and have
The method of machine thing purification.
Background technology
With the progress of China's reform and opening-up and the rise of expanding economy, the especially tertiary industry, food and restaurant service industry obtains
Rapid development and growth are arrived.Rich and varied diet is enjoyed in people simultaneously, and the oil smoke that catering trade is discharged also is brought
Increasingly severe environmental issue.A large amount of undressed oil smoke discharges pollute into air and destroy surrounding environment, also endanger
The physical and mental health of resident is done harm to.Therefore clean, the pure urban environment of protection resident, strengthen cooking fume and administer gesture must
OK.
In cooking process, a series of chemical reactions such as oxidations, cracking, polymerization occur at high temperature for edible oil and food,
Substantial amounts of organic flue gas is evaporated, which part analyte is diffused in the form of mist of oil forms cooking fume in air.Oil smoke wraps
Edible oil and its heat resolve or the product of cracking are included, includes protein, high-molecular compound and various seasonings in food again
The product of physical-chemical reaction occurs, is a kind of to include gas, the material of three kinds of states of liquid and solid.We are generally so
Definition, granular material discharged (the Particulate Matter Emissions) letter being made up of in oil smoke discharge liquid and solid
Referred to as PME, VOC is discharged (Volatile Organic Compounds Emissions) referred to as
VOCs, oil smoke are exactly the two class material compositions more than.Its main component be aldehyde, ketone, hydrocarbon, aliphatic acid, alcohol, aromatic compound,
Ketone, lactone, heterocyclic compound etc..General diet service trade, smoke exhaust is installed in kitchen oil smoke caused by the cooking is direct
Outer row, purified treatment is not carried out, pernicious gas and the fuel combustion institute such as the various short chain aldehyde that make to contain in oil smoke, ketone, acid, alcohol
Caused sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides etc. are diffused into air, pollute the air of surrounding, and the body that have impact on surrounding resident is good for
Health and environmental sanitation.Therefore, country formulates《Cooking fume discharge standard》GB18483-2001, cooking fume is purified
Processing discharge is made that corresponding specification.To go the poisonous and harmful substance in fume eliminating, discharge is set to reach the corresponding standard of country,
Oil-fume purification treatment device is widely used in the places such as hotel, restaurant, wineshop, dining room and school, office, factory；Food
Fried, cooking techniques industry；Oil splashing heat treatment workshop, oil mist lubrication workshop, workpiece welding workshop and olefine oil boiler emission etc.
Industrial occasions.However, the composition complex of oil smoke, mainly have aliphatic acid, alkane, alkene, aldehyde, ketone, ester, aromatic compound and
Heterocyclic compound etc., its composition have very with the difference of selected edible oil species, operating condition, the scale of operation and operation temperature
Big difference, because of the complexity and heterogeneity of its composition, determine its difficulty administered.At present, at common fume purifying
Reason method is divided into following several according to principle：
1) inertial separation method
The principle of inertial separation method is to make the oil smoke air-flow direction of motion that strong turnover occur by inertial collision, makes cooking fume
Particulate matter in body reaches depositional plane under effect of inertia and spun off from air-flow.Capital equipment is used to for industrial usual
Property separation demisting facility, have metal net mask, grid etc., these equipment are widely adopted in domestic exhauster for removing cooking fumes at present,
Some old-fashioned catering trades are also using.The major advantage of inertial separation method be that equipment is simple, pressure drop is smaller (be usually 50~
100Pa)；Shortcoming is low to the less particle clearance of particle diameter, and total removal rate is relatively low, usually 50%~70%, Er Qieyou
Particulate matter viscosity is very big in oil smoke, and clean and maintenance workload is larger, therefore popularization and application are restricted, and with urban environmental protection
The requirement of law enforcement is more and more tighter, and the application of this method is increasingly restricted.
2) common filtration method
The operation principle of common filtration method is to make cooking fume by filtering material, smoke particle thing filtrate collision, block
Cut and be captured in being purified in filtrate under diffusion.The key of this technology is the selection of filtrate, typically from oil suction
The higher polymer composite of performance.When soot gas pass through fume-filtering layer, filter layer can adsorb small in cooking fume
Particulate aerosol, and have obvious catharsis to smell.But with the attachment of oil fume, adsorption capacity can gradually weaken, due to
The particulate matter viscosity of filtrate trapping is higher, and it is all difficult cleaning to be removed by common flow by gravity or extruding, and filtrate easily blocks, and presses
Drop larger, as glass fibre bed pressure drop is up to 1500Pa, and floor space is big, can be only installed at outdoor, and filtrate needs periodically more
Change, operating cost is high, and these problems make the application of filtration method by a definite limitation.
3) liquid scrubbing method
The principle of liquid scrubbing method is contacts cooking fume by special distribution device in gas-fluid with absorbing liquid, by cooking fume
In particulate matter from gas phase removal to liquid phase, so as to reach the purpose of purification.According to the difference of gas-liquid contact mode, can be divided into
Three kinds of liquid film type, fountain and impact type.The clean-up effect of liquid scrubbing method is higher, but to the particle purifying of submicron order
It is less efficient；Scrub raffinate fails preferably to solve, and scrub raffinate directly is discharged into sewer at present, produces secondary pollution；In addition
The consumption of cleaning solution often results in increasing for operating cost.
4) electrostatic deposition
The operation principle of electrostatic deposition is that oil smoke is introduced into high voltage electric field, and ionization occurs in high voltage electric field and makes oil smoke
Middle particulate matter is charged, to dust polar motion under electric field force effect, and gets off in dust collecting electrode cohesion deposition and is removed from oil smoke, from
And it is purified gas.The advantages of electrostatic purifier is facility compact, floor space is small, purification efficiency is high, generally reachable
More than 90%, pressure drop is smaller, and noise and energy consumption are low, and operating cost is low；Shortcoming is can not to remove gaseous contaminant, due to dust collecting electrode
Upper oil smoke condensate viscosity is higher, forms oil lamella, hinders electric field electric discharge, causes purification efficiency to decline, and dust collecting electrode is cleaned
Difficulty, maintenance workload is big, is also easy to produce the secondary pollution of waste liquid when removing the particulate matter in dust collecting electrode again, it is hidden also to there is fire
Suffer from.In addition, for the middle-size and small-size catering trade, electrostatic precipitation type oil fume purifier equipment investment is costly.
In summary, existing cooking fume purification handling method has the disadvantages that：
1) oil smoke clearance is not ideal enough：Various physical methods are all based on above carries out fume purifying, oil smoke clearance
Relatively low, still remaining has a substantial amounts of oil smoke composition in the gas of discharge, and environmental pollution is serious.
2) device structure is complicated：As Water spray scrubbing tower purification process equipment installing space it is big, system complex.Cause it should
Occasion receives certain constraint.
3) treatment effect is unstable：The treatment effect of apparatus for treating cooking fume is influenceed by surface cleanness, Initial operation
Work well, when processing unit surface is adhered to by pollutants such as oil smoke, treatment effect can be severely impacted.
4) maintenance period is short, and maintenance cost is high：As High-voltage electrostatic purification needs to clean every two weeks once, physical filtering needs every
Zhou Qingxi, biological cleaning needs periodically processing renewal, and the washing of liquid foam often did a blowdown, addition specialty purification using 2~3 days
The work of agent.These periodic maintenance, which work, result in the rising of human cost and Master Cost.
Therefore, it is necessary to which further research and development processing efficiency high, stable, small investment, floor space be small, operational and administrative expenses
Low, the simple novel oil smoke purification technology of Operation and Maintenance.Patent Office of the People's Republic of China Publication No. CN204365116U utility model is special
Profit《Plasma Industry smoke purifier》A kind of Plasma Industry smoke purifier is disclosed, employs equal drift net, oil smoke
Separate mesh, plasma electric field purification layer, catalysis oxidation filter layer and centrifugal blower purify to oil smoke, wherein, the oil smoke
The plasma electric field purification layer of clearing machine is based on micropulse plasma power supply, produces plasma by corona discharge, and then beat
The molecular link between gas molecule is opened, pernicious gas is decomposed into simplest molecule, meanwhile, install and urge after electric field purifying layer
Change oxidation filter layer, reacted using oxidant with the organic pollution in oil smoke, its final product is CO2And H2O.As one
Kind high pressure plasma cooking fume control equipment, the equipment can be realized to harmful exhaust degraded and oxidation caused by oil smoke, dispelled
Peculiar smell, purify air.However, corona discharge needs sufficiently high voltage, to increase the electric field at corona position, daily voltage is difficult to
Meet the operating voltage requirements of micropulse plasma power supply, booster apparatus volume is more huge, involves great expense and in the presence of safe hidden
Suffer from；Meanwhile under high pressure and the condition of work of highfield, it is not easy to obtain stable corona discharge, also easily produce part
Arc discharge, because electrode contacts with the oil flue waste gas containing various impurity for a long time, it is easily contaminated, it is necessary to which daily carry out is clear
Reason is safeguarded；In addition, catalyst has problem of aging, it is necessary to regularly replace, cooking fume purification handling cost is increased, is very difficult to apply in
In daily life.
The content of the invention
Purpose to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of oil smoke organic matter purification method, can be in low-power low-voltage bar
Energetic plasma is produced under part and removes fume eliminating organic matter, securely and reliably, and organic matter is carried out without using catalysis oxidation layer
Catalysis oxidation, the problem of avoiding oxidation catalyst from failing, maintenance cost is low, is adapted to spread in household cooker hood, and oil smoke removes effect
Fruit is good and stably.
To solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a kind of oil smoke organic matter purification method, this method is in room temperature and normal pressure bar
Completed under part using lampblack absorber, microwave plasma torch device is installed in the lampblack absorber, pass through the microwave plasma
The working gas of torch device forms energetic plasma by microwave electromagnetic field excitation, and this method comprises the following steps：
(1) pending district being passed through oil smoke organic matter in lampblack absorber；
(2) air is passed through in a manner of constantly circulating from outside into the pending district so that oil smoke organic matter and oxygen
Gas is thoroughly mixed to form mixing oil smoke organic matter in the physical sense；
(3) working gas of the torch pipe tip location of microwave plasma torch device produces high energy by microwave electromagnetic field excitation
Electronics, by mixing plasma flame of the oil smoke organic matter by the microwave plasma torch device of pending district, high energy electricity
The oil smoke organic matter that son collision passes through makes its molecular link that the shorter small molecule of fracture generation carbochain occur successively according to bond energy size
Material and/or organic free radical, high energy electron collision oxygen and hydrone produce O ° of free radical, OH ° of free radical and active particle,
The small-molecule substance and/or organic free radical and O ° of free radical, OH ° of free radical or active particle reaction generation CO2And H2O；
(4) by outside the oil smoke discharge after step (3) processing to lampblack absorber.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in step (1), lampblack absorber wind turbin generator is started so that the wind of lampblack absorber
Wheel is rotated at a high speed, and negative pressuren zone is formed in the spatial dimension of the pending district in lampblack absorber, and oil smoke organic matter is sucked into oil
Pending district inside cigarette machine.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the lampblack absorber exhaust air rate is in 1000m3/ h~1500m3Between/h.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in step (2), air pump is driven by air inlet motor, air is led to
Air inlet pipe circulation is crossed to be passed into the pending district inside lampblack absorber.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the microwave plasma torch device includes inner tube, middle pipe, outer tube, coupling
Pin, coupling ring, tuning plunger, spacer ring；Said inner tube, middle pipe, outer coaxial tube are set, and the tuning plunger is connected to middle pipe and outer
The bottom of pipe is arranged in middle pipe outer wall as microwave reflection end, the coupling ring, and the coupling pin connection coupling ring simultaneously will be micro-
Ripple is coupled between middle pipe and outer tube, the spacer ring be arranged between inner tube and middle pipe serve it is co-axially fixed, the middle pipe,
Outer tube is metal material；Excite to form plasma in the end face that torch pipe opens.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the position adjustments of the tuning plunger are lived to the end face that torch pipe opens to tuning
The distance of plug reflection end face is the odd-multiple of 1/4 microwave wavelength, so that the electric field for the end face that torch pipe opens is most strong.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the microwave plasma torch device is provided described micro- by microwave magnetron source
Ripple, the microwave frequency are 2.45GHz.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the mixing oil smoke organic matter of pending district is at the uniform velocity delivered to by the first breather pipe
In the inner tube of microwave plasma torch device, so that mixing plasma of the oil smoke organic matter by microwave plasma torch device
Body.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the microwave plasma torch device passes through another in isolating device and lampblack absorber
Outer device is kept apart, and the second breather pipe is connected by the oil smoke after step (3) processing by the passage being opened in isolating device
It is discharged into outside lampblack absorber.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in step (3) the oil smoke organic matter of processing for nytron organic matter and/or
Carbon oxyhydroxide organic matter.
After adopting the above technical scheme, the present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art：Use microwave plasma
The organic molecule being harmful in the high temperature energetic plasma impact oil smoke that body torch device excites, its original molecular link is opened,
The clean final product such as carbon dioxide and water is converted into oxygen-enriched environment by the small-molecule substance that high-energy encourages, so as to reach
To the purpose of purifying oil fume, and industry lampblack clearing machine uses the principle of electrode discharge generation plasma complete in background technology
Complete different, plasma of the invention can be in lower-wattage and low-voltage by microwave excitation, microwave plasma torch device
Plasma, while the effective pollution problem for avoiding sparking electrode under oil smoke surroundings are stably produced under output, is adapted to daily
Using because microwave plasma torch device can stably produce the plasma of high temperature, high-energy, it is ensured that having in oil smoke
Machine molecule is fully oxidized, significantly improves cooking fume purification handling rate, in addition, circulation is passed through air offer excess of oxygen in pending district
Environment, it is sufficiently mixed oil smoke organic matter and oxygen, it is ensured that the fully oxidized effect of oil smoke organic matter when passing through plasma, because
This need not use catalysis oxidation layer, avoid the problem of oxidation catalyst fails.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the oil smoke organic matter purification method of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the microwave plasma torch device of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is oil smoke total organic matter concentration purification design sketch；
Fig. 4 a~4d are respectively the concentration purification design sketch of acetic acid in oil smoke, hexanal, heptenal, decadienal.
Embodiment
In order to facilitate the understanding of the purposes, features and advantages of the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to the present invention
Embodiment be described in detail.
Many details are elaborated in the following description in order to fully understand the present invention.But the present invention can be with
Much it is different from other manner described here to implement, those skilled in the art can be in the situation without prejudice to intension of the present invention
Under do similar popularization, therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Oil smoke organic matter purification method proposed by the present invention, it can effectively avoid the plasma oil smoke in background technology net
The problem of changing device electrode pollution, it is not necessary to high pressure and strong electric field condition can produce stable argon-arc plasma field, have power it is low,
Securely and reliably, the advantages that practical.The microwave plasma torch device of use can produce high efficiency plasma field, high energy in field
The oil smoke organic matter that electron collision passes through makes its molecular link that shorter small point of fracture generation carbochain occur successively according to bond energy size
Sub- material and/or organic free radical and high energy electron collision oxygen and hydrone produce O ° of free radical, OH ° of free radical and activity
Particle, each small-molecule substance and/or organic free radical react generation CO with O ° of free radical, OH ° of free radical or active particle2With
H2Discharged after O, so as to realize the effect for removing pollutants from cooking fume.
Referring to Fig. 1, oil smoke organic matter purification method proposed by the present invention, this method uses oil under room temperature and condition of normal pressure
Cigarette machine is completed, and is provided with microwave plasma torch device in the lampblack absorber, is passed through the work of the microwave plasma torch device
Make gas (working gas, which refers to be excited in microwave plasma torch device, produces the gas of plasma) by microwave electromagnetic
Field excitation forms energetic plasma, and this method comprises the following steps：
(1) pending district being passed through oil smoke organic matter in lampblack absorber；
(2) air is passed through in a manner of constantly circulating from outside into the pending district so that oil smoke organic matter and oxygen
Gas is thoroughly mixed to form mixing oil smoke organic matter in the physical sense；
(3) working gas of the torch pipe tip location of microwave plasma torch device produces high energy by microwave electromagnetic field excitation
Electronics, by mixing plasma flame of the oil smoke organic matter by the microwave plasma torch device of pending district, high energy electricity
The oil smoke organic matter that son collision passes through makes its molecular link that the shorter small molecule of fracture generation carbochain occur successively according to bond energy size
Material and/or organic free radical and high energy electron collision oxygen and hydrone produce O ° of free radical, OH ° of free radical and active grain
Son, small-molecule substance and/or organic free radical and O ° of free radical, OH ° of free radical or active particle reaction generation CO2And H2O；
(4) by outside the oil smoke discharge after step (3) processing to lampblack absorber.
Wherein, microwave plasma torch device torch pipe is made up of three pipes being coaxially disposed, be followed successively by inner tube 5, middle pipe 4,
Outer tube 3, the bottom of torch pipe are provided with tuning plunger 7, and tuning plunger 7 is connected to the bottom of middle pipe 4 and outer tube 3 as microwave reflection
End, the other end of torch pipe is the beginning, and coupling pin 6 connects coupling ring and by microwave coupling between middle pipe 4 and outer tube 3, and spacer ring is set
Put and serve between inner tube 5 and middle pipe 4 co-axially fixed, middle pipe 4, outer tube 3 are metal material.Microwave caused by microwave source 1
The He of outer tube 3 of torch pipe is coupled to by the coupling ring (such as being made with red copper) for coupling pin 6, being looped around the outer surface of middle pipe 4
Between middle pipe 4, due to that will be reflected herein in the end middle pipe 4 of tuning plunger 7 and the short circuit of outer tube 3, microwave, one is formed directly
The coaxial waveguide microwave cavity 2 of coupling is connect, according to wave theory, meets one away from the end face distance of tuning plunger 7 when the torch pipe beginning
During fixed condition, microwave will form standing wave in torch pipe, adjust the height of tuning plunger 7 to cause the torch pipe beginning to tuning plunger 7
When the distance of end face is 1/4 λ (λ is microwave wavelength) odd-multiple, the electric field at torch pipe beginning is most strong, most beneficial for plasma
Formed and maintained, plasma is formed between the middle pipe 4 and inner tube 5 close to the torch pipe beginning, and is expanded from the torch pipe beginning to air
Stent is prolonged, and forms the plasma flame with centre gangway.Preferably, microwave plasma torch device passes through isolating device
Keep apart with other device in lampblack absorber, the second breather pipe is connected by step (3) by the passage being opened in isolating device
Oil smoke discharge after processing is to outside lampblack absorber.
Microwave source 1 is energy source caused by plasma, such as microwave magnetron source can be used to produce microwave electromagnetic
Field provides microwave energy for microwave plasma torch device, to maintain plasma discharge, microwave frequency 2.45GHz.
Each step of this oil smoke organic matter purification method is described in detail below.
In step (1), in oil smoke organic matter suction lampblack absorber, when cooking fume produces, oil smoke electromechanical source is connected, is opened
Dynamic lampblack absorber wind turbin generator so that the wind wheel of lampblack absorber rotates at a high speed, the spatial dimension in lampblack absorber close to the pending district
Interior formation negative pressuren zone, the pending district that oil smoke organic matter is sucked inside lampblack absorber, the flow for sucking gas are preferably set with culinary art
The standby speed for producing oil smoke matches, and pending district refers to the part in the lampblack absorber before microwave plasma torch device
Space, oil smoke and oxygen are sufficiently mixed in the pending district.Preferably, lampblack absorber exhaust air rate is in 1000m3/ h~1500m3/h
Between.
In step (2), air pump is driven by air inlet motor, air is passed into lampblack absorber by air inlet pipe circulation
In internal pending district, air is passed through into the pending district in a manner of constantly circulating from outside so that oil smoke is organic
Thing and oxygen are thoroughly mixed to form mixing oil smoke organic matter in the physical sense.Specifically, will be excessive using outer loop mode
Mixed inside air suction lampblack absorber with the oil smoke organic matter of pending district, to provide an oxygen-enriched environment.Due to oil smoke
Substantial amounts of graininess organic matter and volatile organic matter in gas be present, above-mentioned harmful substance need to be oxidized to carbon dioxide and
Water, then discharged, the process oil smoke organic matter needs to react complete under excess of oxygen atmosphere, therefore uses outside follow
Outside air and pending district oil smoke organic matter are sufficiently mixed by the mode of ring air inlet, so as to microwave after realizing etc. from
The plasma flame of sub- torch device is fully oxidized to oil smoke organic matter.The mixing oil smoke of pending district after the step is organic
Thing is at the uniform velocity delivered to by the first breather pipe in the inner tube 5 of microwave plasma torch device so that mixing oil smoke organic matter pass through it is micro-
The plasma of ripple plasma torcl apparatus.
In step (3), the working gas of the torch pipe tip location of microwave plasma torch device is swashed by microwave electromagnetic field
Hair produces high energy electron, the plasma fire that the mixing oil smoke organic matter of pending district is passed through into the microwave plasma torch device
Flame, the plasma of HTHP can produce impact to the harmful organic substance in oil smoke, the molecular link of substance to be processed occur
Fracture produces small-molecule substance and/or organic free radical, at the same in plasma containing largely by high-energy encourage caused by O,
The free radicals such as OH, small-molecule substance and O ° of free radical, OH ° of free radical or active particle generation CO2And H2O, organic free radical with O °
Free radical, OH ° of free radical or active particle reaction generation CO2And H2O so that C, H element contained by organic matter are eventually converted into
CO2And H2The harmless products such as O.
The oil smoke organic matter of step (3) processing is wrapped for nytron organic matter and/or carbon oxyhydroxide organic matter, oil smoke
In the various organic compounds contained, acetic acid C2H4O2, hexanal C6H12O, heptenal C7H12O, decadienal C10H16Concentration shared by O
Ratio is higher, below with hexanal C6H12Exemplified by O, the whole process that reaction is purified to it is illustrated by step a~d.
a：Electronics in working gas is accelerated in torch pipe in the presence of electromagnetic field, molecule, atom, electronics with surrounding
Etc. colliding, molecule, atom are excited, are ionized, so as to produce more free electrons, and it is new caused by electronics in electricity
It is accelerated under magnetic fields, then a series of processes such as collide, excite, similar to chain reaction, this process produces substantial amounts of
High energy electron：
e+A(g)→A+(g)+e+e
Wherein, A (g) represents any kind atom or molecule for participating in being excited reaction, and e represents electronics.
b：Electronics, with hexanal molecular collision, makes hexanal molecule excite, dissociate or ionize and forms fragment in motion process, changes
It is relevant with the Chemical bond energy in hexanal molecule to learn the priority of key fracture, each Chemical bond energy such as following table (one) institute in hexanal molecule
Show：
| Chemical bond title | Bond energy (eV) | Chemical bond title | Bond energy (eV) |
| C-H (aldehyde radical) | 3.8 | C-C(O) | 3.6 |
| C-H (methyl) | 4.3 | C-C (n-pentyl) | 3.5 |
| C-H (methylene) | 4.2 | C=O | 7.7 |
Table (one)
Energy needed for molecular scission lower (bond energy is smaller) is then more easily broken off, from table (one), in hexanal molecule
The relatively low C-C of bond energy (n-pentyl) and C-C (O) keys are first begin to be broken with high energy electron collision, therefore occur first following disconnected
Split reaction：
(x, s ＜ 5；Y, t ＜ 2x+2)
R represents that (if the original carbochain of hexanal is unbroken, R carbon chain lengths are 5 to carbochain, otherwise R carbon chain length in above formula
5) degree is less than, ° HCO is aldehyde radical free radical, and the difference of carbochain fracture position can cause x, s, y, t value difference.In addition, in high energy
Under electronic action, fracture obtains short carbon chain molecule and is possible to be broken again.By reaction above, hexanal is finally decomposed
For the small-molecule substance compared with short carbon chain and ° HCO aldehyde radical free radicals.
c：High energy electron and oxygen, the collision of water vapour equimolecular, produce substantial amounts of O ° of free radical, OH ° of free radical, H ° of freedom
The free radicals such as base and active particle, O ° of free radical, OH ° of free radical, the reaction of formation of H ° of free radical are as follows：
d：Small-molecule substance and aldehyde radical free radical are oxidized, generation final product CO2And H2O.Specifically, for short carbon
Chain small-molecule substance, C therein, H element are eventually converted into CO, CO2And H2O：
For aldehyde radical free radical, itself and O ° of free radical, OH ° of free radical, H ° of Free Radical generate CO, CO2、H2And H2O：
CO is converted into CO in excessive oxygen environment2, H2It is converted into H2O：
2CO+O2→2CO2
2H2+O2→2H2O
For other compositions such as acetic acid C contained in oil smoke2H4O2, heptenal C7H12O, decadienal C10H16O, except carbon
Beyond the length of chain and contained chemical bond (such as C=C keys) or functional group (such as COOH) are otherwise varied, the principle of its purified treatment and
Process is essentially identical with hexanal, repeats no more here.
In step (4), by the cooking fume purification handling of step (3), graininess organic matter and volatility in oil smoke have
The harmful substances such as machine thing are substantially oxidized as innocuous substances such as water and carbon dioxide, and the harmful pollution composition of air is dropped significantly
Low, the soot gas after treating enter smoke exhaust pipe discharge outdoor by the exhaust outlet of lampblack absorber.
Tested below by way of one group of cooking fume purification handling, illustrate the beneficial effect acquired by the present invention.In room temperature and normal pressure
Under the conditions of, oil smoke exhaust air rate is maintained at 1000m3/h；Start the lampblack absorber for being provided with microwave plasma torch device and run partly
Hour, on-line analysis is carried out to this equipment entrance in this time and the oil smoke concentration in exit and statistics, sampling period are
10s.Wherein, the statistics of oil smoke concentration includes total oil smoke concentration (Fig. 3), and the concentration of main several type organics contained by it
(Fig. 4 a~4d).
Although as shown in figure 3, dynamic fluctuation be present, oil smoke organic matter total concentration is significantly reducing after this equipment,
From average value about 18mg/m3It has been down to average value about 11mg/m3, and long-play post processing effect does not decay, fully
Illustrate the validity and stability of oil smoke organic matter purification method of the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 4 a~4d, oil smoke is several in oil smoke after oil smoke organic matter purification method purified treatment of the present invention
The main organic components of class, such as acetic acid C2H4O2, hexanal C6H12O, heptenal C7H12O, decadienal C10H16O isoconcentrations occur
Different degrees of significantly reduces.Acetic acid concentration average value is from about 12.5mg/m3It has been down to about 0.8mg/m3, acetic acid concentration is average
It is worth from about 12.5mg/m3It has been down to about 0.8mg/m3, hexanal concentrations average value is from about 2.9mg/m3It has been down to about 2.1mg/m3, heptan
Olefine aldehydr mean concentration is from about 1.4mg/m3It has been down to about 0.6mg/m3, decadienal mean concentration is from about 1.18mg/m3It is down to
About 0.65mg/m3。
Plasma flame of the present invention by oil smoke by microwave plasma torch device, particulate organic matter in oil smoke and
Volatile organic compounds and plasma collision and crack, and be oxidized under excess air environment, original separated with using conventional physical
Most of existing methods of reason are compared, and the inventive method can thoroughly go the harmful components in fume eliminating, and purification efficiency is high, safeguards
Simple and convenient and cost is cheap, has prevented to produce the possibility of secondary pollution.
Compared with traditional separation method, due to not needing centrifugation caused by huge adsorbent equipment and high-power blower
Power requirement, the device the realized advantage such as have small volume, noise low, oil smoke is caused by microwave plasma torch device etc.
Complete oxidation decomposes in ion field, is deteriorated, is frequently necessary in the absence of oil smoke removal effect caused by greasy deposits after long-term use
Safeguarded or consumptive material change the problems such as.
The present invention produces plasma using microwave plasma torch, with the low temperature plasma production method such as corona discharge
Compare, plasma caused by microwave plasma torch is more stable, produces, can keep away without under high pressure and strong electric field condition
The problem of exempting from the pollution of oil smoke surroundings bottom electrode, it is easy to maintain.Meanwhile this method provides excess of oxygen ring using circulation air method
Border, it is ensured that the fully oxidized effect of organic matter in oil smoke, therefore catalysis oxidation layer need not be used, avoid oxidation catalyst failure
Problem.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, it is not for limiting claim, any this area
Technical staff without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make possible variation and modification, therefore the present invention
Protection domain should be defined by the scope that the claims in the present invention are defined.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of oil smoke organic matter purification method, it is characterised in that this method is complete using lampblack absorber under room temperature and condition of normal pressure
Into being provided with microwave plasma torch device in the lampblack absorber, pass through the working gas of the microwave plasma torch device
Energetic plasma is formed by microwave electromagnetic field excitation, this method comprises the following steps：
(1) pending district being passed through oil smoke organic matter in lampblack absorber；
(2) air is passed through in a manner of constantly circulating from outside into the pending district so that oil smoke organic matter and oxygen exist
Mixing oil smoke organic matter is thoroughly mixed to form in physical significance；
(3) working gas of the torch pipe tip location of microwave plasma torch device produces high energy electricity by microwave electromagnetic field excitation
Son, the high energy electron in working gas is accelerated in torch pipe in the presence of electromagnetic field, and the mixing oil smoke of pending district is organic
For thing by the plasma flame of the microwave plasma torch device, high energy electron, which collides the oil smoke organic matter passed through, makes its molecule
Fracture occurs according to bond energy size and produces the shorter small-molecule substance and/or organic free radical of carbochain successively for key, and high energy electron touches
Hit oxygen and hydrone produces O ° of free radical, OH ° of free radical and active particle, the small-molecule substance and/or organic free radical
Generation CO is reacted with O ° of free radical, OH ° of free radical or active particle2And H2O；The working gas refers in microwave plasma
It is excited in torch device and produces the gas of plasma；
(4) by outside the oil smoke discharge after step (3) processing to lampblack absorber.
2. oil smoke organic matter purification method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (1), start lampblack absorber wind
Turbin generator so that the wind wheel of lampblack absorber is rotated at a high speed, and negative pressure is formed in the spatial dimension of the pending district in lampblack absorber
Area, the pending district that oil smoke organic matter is sucked inside lampblack absorber.
3. oil smoke organic matter purification method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the lampblack absorber exhaust air rate is in 1000m3/
H~1500m3Between/h.
4. oil smoke organic matter purification method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (2), pass through air inlet
Motor drives air pump, and air is circulated in the pending district being passed into inside lampblack absorber by air inlet pipe.
5. oil smoke organic matter purification method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the microwave plasma torch device bag
Include inner tube, middle pipe, outer tube, coupling pin, coupling ring, tuning plunger, spacer ring；Said inner tube, middle pipe, outer coaxial tube are set, described
Tuning plunger is connected to the bottom of middle pipe and outer tube as microwave reflection end, and the coupling ring is arranged in middle pipe outer wall, described
Couple pin connection coupling ring and play microwave coupling together between middle pipe and outer tube, the spacer ring is arranged between inner tube and middle pipe
The effect that axle is fixed, the middle pipe, outer tube are metal material；Excite to form plasma in the end face that torch pipe opens.
6. oil smoke organic matter purification method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the position adjustments of the tuning plunger are extremely
The distance of the end face that torch pipe opens to tuning plunger reflection end face is the odd-multiple of 1/4 microwave wavelength, so that what torch pipe opened
The electric field of end face is most strong.
7. oil smoke organic matter purification method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the microwave plasma torch device by
Microwave magnetron source provides the microwave, and the microwave frequency is 2.45GHz.
8. oil smoke organic matter purification method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the mixing oil smoke organic matter of pending district
At the uniform velocity delivered to by the first breather pipe in the inner tube of microwave plasma torch device, so that mixing oil smoke organic matter passes through microwave etc.
The plasma of gas ions torch device.
9. oil smoke organic matter purification method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the microwave plasma torch device leads to
Cross other device in isolating device and lampblack absorber to keep apart, the second breather pipe is connected by the passage being opened in isolating device
By outside the oil smoke discharge after step (3) processing to lampblack absorber.
10. oil smoke organic matter purification method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the oil smoke of processing is organic in step (3)
Thing is nytron organic matter and/or carbon oxyhydroxide organic matter.
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| CN105642081B (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2018-01-30 | 杭州西庸科技有限公司 | A kind of method for thoroughly decomposing dioxin |
| CN105664631B (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-10-13 | 浙江中控研究院有限公司 | The fume purifier of fume of microwave plasma torch |
| CN106807184A (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2017-06-09 | 成都凯圣捷科技有限公司 | Plasma deaerating type of cycles |
| CN106989427A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-07-28 | 付顺坤 | A kind of household kitchen oil smoke plasma smokeless innocent treatment equipment |
| CN111495115B (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2022-05-20 | 江苏先竞等离子体技术研究院有限公司 | Method for heating organic waste gas by utilizing thermal plasma |
| CN117450546B (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-03-19 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Integrated oven and control method thereof |
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| CN1174991A (en) * | 1997-07-08 | 1998-03-04 | 吉林大学 | Microwave plasma torch atomic emission spectrometer |
| CN104470184A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-03-25 | 浙江中控研究院有限公司 | Self-tuning microwave plasma torch and self-tuning device thereof |
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| US6806439B2 (en) * | 2003-01-13 | 2004-10-19 | Han Sup Uhm | Elimination of airborne chemical and biological warfare agents |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1174991A (en) * | 1997-07-08 | 1998-03-04 | 吉林大学 | Microwave plasma torch atomic emission spectrometer |
| CN104470184A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-03-25 | 浙江中控研究院有限公司 | Self-tuning microwave plasma torch and self-tuning device thereof |
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