CN105145423A - Method for quickly determining various ecdysis periods of river crabs - Google Patents
Method for quickly determining various ecdysis periods of river crabs Download PDFInfo
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- CN105145423A CN105145423A CN201510460121.9A CN201510460121A CN105145423A CN 105145423 A CN105145423 A CN 105145423A CN 201510460121 A CN201510460121 A CN 201510460121A CN 105145423 A CN105145423 A CN 105145423A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
A method for quickly determining various ecdysis periods of river crabs is characterized by comprising the following steps of first opening a colorimeter to automatically conduct black-white board correction via a white board, after the correction, conducting standard measurement, adjusting a reading mode into a Lab mode, in which L indicates color lightness,+ means inclination to white, - means inclination to darkness, a indicates color green-red value, + means inclination to red and - means inclination to green indicating blue-yellow value, + means inclination to yellow and - means inclination to blue, taking out of a crab individual, wiping off a crab head, chest and back parts, reading blue-yellow value (b) of crab head-chest exoskeleton via the colorimeter, and making the following determinations according to the blue-yellow value (b): when b is no less than 7, the individual is in a proecdysis; when b is no more than 2, the individual is in ecdysis; and when b is more than 2 and less than 7, the individual is during the ecdysis. The method is simple and convenient to operate; no detection damages are caused to the crabs; and foundations are provided for crab breeding and management level.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aquaculture technology, especially a kind of culture of Chinese mitten crab technology, specifically a kind of different method of casting off a skin period of Quick river crab.
Background technology
The history of life of river crab is made up of moulting cycle process repeatedly.Each moulting cycle comprises proecdysis (D), ecdysis (E), postmolt (A/B), intermolt (C).Proecdysis (D) hormone in vivo Secretion regulation enlivens, and the moulting hormone level in blood rises, and endepidermis and ectoskeleton start progressively to be separated.Ecdysis (E) ectoskeleton breaks, and crab body is sloughed off from old shell.Postmolt (A/B phase) crab body absorbs moisture in a large number, and body is long, body weight increases fast.Intermolt (C) is that body weight gain no longer increases, and nutriment starts accumulation, and completing tissue growth is that growth of casting off a skin next time carries out material and energy prepares.In culture of Chinese mitten crab growth and process of experimental, how differentiate the moulting cycle period of dividing residing for crab body fast and accurately, culture of Chinese mitten crab peak period of casting off a skin is determined and soft crab to produce etc. and has important theory significance and using value.
One, the river crab importance of casting off a skin
1, the growth of river crab is achieved by periodically casting off a skin, and each molting process all needs to slough off old epidermis, synthesizes new epidermis, and Individual Size and body weight realize a great-leap-forward increase within a short period of time simultaneously.
2, river crab moulting cycle comprises proecdysis (D), ecdysis (E), postmolt (A/B), intermolt (C).Proecdysis (D) hormone in vivo Secretion regulation enlivens, and the moulting hormone level in blood rises, and endepidermis and ectoskeleton start progressively to be separated.Ecdysis (E) ectoskeleton breaks, and crab body is sloughed off from old shell.Postmolt (A/B phase) crab body absorbs moisture in a large number, and body is long, body weight increases fast.Intermolt (C) is that body weight gain no longer increases, and nutriment starts accumulation, and completing tissue growth is that growth of casting off a skin next time carries out material and energy prepares.
3, cast off a skin and run through river crab whole history of life, in periodicity molting process, after casting off a skin, carapace absorbs large quantity of moisture, and the wide rapid amplification of the long body of body, directly decide growth rate; Generating process of casting off a skin needs lot of energy, loses motion and defence capability simultaneously, directly has influence on survival rate; Last reproductive moult is closely connected with sexual maturity, and reproductive moult will cause sex premature phenomenon to occur in advance, and therefore casting off a skin is the key determining river crab growth rate and survival rate.
Two, the present situation of river crab moulting cycle differentiation
Differentiation at present about river crab moulting cycle divides:
1, in laboratory conditions, mainly by the mode of microscope inspection, with the bristle generating process of maxilla for foundation, the carrying out of Eriocheir sinensia moulting cycle is divided by stages, although the method for discrimination in laboratory is accurate, but shortcoming needs the professional equipments such as microscope, and the maxilla winning river crab health easily causes individual death.
2, in breeding production process, the division of river crab moulting cycle mainly has the poultry feeders of certain cultivation experience according to personal experience, rough differentiation is carried out in conjunction with morphological features such as crust color and hardness, this method, based on artificial experience, differentiates not accurate enough, lacks quantitative criteria.
Summary of the invention
The laboratory method that the object of the invention is for adopting in division ecdysis of existing river crab needs patent equipment, cost is high, and the problem of artificial cognition method poor accuracy, invent and a kind ofly utilize simple device can realize judging fast ecdysis thus provide the Quick river crab of the foundation difference method of casting off a skin period as raising decision-making.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
The method that Quick river crab difference is casted off a skin period, is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
First open color difference meter, first utilize blank to carry out the correction of auto black and white plate, after correction, Engage of standard is measured, and read mode is adjusted to Lab pattern, and wherein, L value represents the lightness of color ,+represent partially white ,-represent partially dark; A value represents the green red value of color ,+represent partially red ,-represent partially green; B value represents the indigo plant Huang value of color ,+represent partially yellow ,-represent partially blue;
Then take out river crab individual, its carapace back is dried, read the blue yellow value (b) of the ectoskeletal color of river crab carapace with color difference meter;
Finally do following judgement according to the yellow value (b) of color indigo plant of reading: when b >=7, individuality is in proecdysis; When b≤2, individuality is in postmolt; As b value 2 < b < 7, individuality is in intermolt.
Described color difference meter is portable colorimeter.
The place indoor lighting is good should be selected during measurement to carry out.
Described taking-up river crab is individual, is dried at its carapace back and carries out at low ambient temperatures, to reduce river crab vigor, is convenient to measure.
Described low temperature environment refers to that the river crab individuality of taking-up is positioned over environmental temperature to be dried its carapace for more than 3 minutes under 0-4 degrees celsius again.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, in laboratory, the present invention is more more convenient than laboratory microscopy method, and workload is little, and can not damage river crab individuality impact growth, and this makes do not damaging under river crab individual condition, divides different moulting cycle river crab, carries out Related Experimental Study and become possibility.
2, utilize method of the present invention Quick river crab cycle in breeding production process to predict to judge river crab to cast off a skin peak period, thus instruct the production of peak period of casting off a skin, reduce lethality, improve growth rate.
(1) lethality is reduced.Owing to casting off a skin, peak period river crab individuality is very fragile, uses medicine that river crab lethality will be caused to raise, and after differentiating by Quick method peak period of casting off a skin, can stop drug use in advance, thus reduce lethality.
(2) growth rate is improved.River crab process of growth stage of casting off a skin needs a large amount of calcium ions and magnesium ions, therefore adds the required elements of casting off a skin such as calcium magnesium casting off a skin in the bait feeding of peak period, can promote to cast off a skin growth, improve growth rate.
3, create conditions for producing soft crab.Shell-fish, owing to having hard carapace, is tasted loaded down with trivial details and makes some hang back.Adopt Quick river crab moulting cycle method the river crab individuality being about to cast off a skin can be carried out Fast Classification to support temporarily, after having casted off a skin, collect soft crab, carry out processing, thus create conditions for producing soft crab.
4, the present invention is convenient and swift, convenient operation, does not need laboratory profession instrument and equipment, and can not cause damage to river crab individuality; Differentiate more accurately and reliably to have operability and repeatability compared with the experience of breeding production, the personnel even without cultivation experience also can carry out Quick.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
A kind of method that Quick river crab difference is casted off a skin period, its principle is the tightness degree that combines in different period of casting off a skin based on carapace endepidermis and ectoskeleton thus presents different color distortions, utilize color difference meter to read different color data of casting off a skin period, thus differentiate the moulting cycle stage divided residing for individuality.The present invention to be casted off a skin carapace color distortion in period according to river crab difference, set up the color data scope that river crab difference is casted off a skin period, color difference meter is utilized to read the color data of different individuality in period of casting off a skin, comparison color data, determine to divide the individual moulting cycle stage, have convenient and swift, convenient operation, and there is higher accuracy, produce significant to river crab healthy aquaculture and soft crab.Concrete steps are as follows:
First open color difference meter (can adopt portable colorimeter), first utilize blank to carry out the correction of auto black and white plate, after correction, Engage of standard is measured, and read mode is adjusted to Lab pattern, and wherein, L value represents the lightness of color ,+represent partially white ,-represent partially dark; A value represents the green red value of color ,+represent partially red ,-represent partially green; B value represents the indigo plant Huang value of color ,+represent partially yellow ,-represent partially blue;
Then river crab is taken out individual, (0-4 degree Celsius) places at least 3 minutes at low ambient temperatures, to reduce the mobility of river crab, is more convenient for measuring, again its carapace back is dried, read the blue yellow value (b) of the ectoskeletal color of river crab carapace with color difference meter; Described low temperature environment can adopt ice chest or low temperature chamber to carry out;
Finally do following judgement according to the yellow value (b) of color indigo plant of reading: when b >=7, individuality is in proecdysis; When b≤2, individuality is in postmolt; As b value 2 < b < 7, individuality is in intermolt.
What color difference meter of the present invention read is river crab carapace shell i.e. ectoskeletal color, the change of divergence of this color be due to the endepidermis of one deck below the shell (ectoskeleton) of river crab and shell between the color distortion presented in conjunction with tightness degree.
In order to verify accuracy of the present invention, applicant first determines the different moulting cycle period of 15 batches of totally 45 river crabs by microscopic examination, utilizes portable colorimeter to have recorded the b value of 15 batches of totally 45 river crabs, in table 1 simultaneously.As can be seen from Table 1 method of the present invention for the difference scope of casting off a skin residing for river crab carapace ectoskeleton color value in period, coincidence statistics rule, has directive significance.
The aberration b value scope that table 1 river crab difference is casted off a skin period
| Sequence number | Proecdysis (D) b value | Postmolt (A/B) b value | Intermolt (C) b value |
| 1 | 7.22 | 1.23 | 5.20 |
| 2 | 7.89 | 2.43 | 4.20 |
| 3 | 7.75 | 1.38 | 4.98 |
| 4 | 8.43 | 0.58 | 2.67 |
| 5 | 10.82 | 0.67 | 2.40 |
| 6 | 9.62 | 0.84 | 4.08 |
| 7 | 8.25 | 2.10 | 2.32 |
| 8 | 10.58 | 2.45 | 2.32 |
| 9 | 10.01 | 3.40 | 4.62 |
| 10 | 9.37 | 2.10 | 4.92 |
| 11 | 10.16 | 2.16 | 3.12 |
| 12 | 7.55 | 2.55 | 2.82 |
| 13 | 8.86 | 1.16 | 2.20 |
| 14 | 9.32 | 1.60 | 2.70 |
| 15 | 7.63 | 0.55 | 4.97 |
The part that the present invention does not relate to prior art that maybe can adopt all same as the prior art is realized.
Claims (5)
1. the different method of casting off a skin period of Quick river crab, is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
First open color difference meter, first utilize blank to carry out the correction of auto black and white plate, after correction, Engage of standard is measured, and read mode is adjusted to Lab pattern, and wherein, L value represents the lightness of color ,+represent partially white ,-represent partially dark; A value represents the green red value of color ,+represent partially red ,-represent partially green; B value represents the indigo plant Huang value of color ,+represent partially yellow ,-represent partially blue;
Then take out river crab individual, its carapace back is dried, read the blue yellow value (b) of the ectoskeletal color of river crab carapace with color difference meter;
Finally do following judgement according to the yellow value (b) of color indigo plant of reading: when b >=7, individuality is in proecdysis; When b≤2, individuality is in postmolt; As b value 2 < b < 7, individuality is in intermolt.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described color difference meter is portable colorimeter.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the place indoor lighting is good should being selected to carry out when measuring.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described taking-up river crab is individual, is dried at its carapace back and carry out at low ambient temperatures, to reduce river crab vigor, is convenient to measure.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that described low temperature environment refers to that the river crab individuality of taking-up is positioned over environmental temperature to be dried its carapace for more than 3 minutes under 0-4 degrees celsius again.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510460121.9A CN105145423B (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2015-07-31 | A kind of method in quick discrimination river crab difference husking period |
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| CN201510460121.9A CN105145423B (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2015-07-31 | A kind of method in quick discrimination river crab difference husking period |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106305567A (en) * | 2016-08-21 | 2017-01-11 | 盘锦光合蟹业有限公司 | Image identification method used for judging river crabs |
| CN106719204A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | A kind of method that utilization wild crab produces soft crab |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7765953B2 (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2010-08-03 | Chien-Hsun Ho | Caring shell for hermit crab |
| CN103004652A (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2013-04-03 | 淮安正昌饲料有限公司 | Method for observing ecdysis period of crayfish |
| CN104488790A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-08 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | Device for observing molt and growth of river crabs and application thereof |
| CN204466602U (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-07-15 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | A kind of observe river crab cast off a skin growth device |
-
2015
- 2015-07-31 CN CN201510460121.9A patent/CN105145423B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7765953B2 (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2010-08-03 | Chien-Hsun Ho | Caring shell for hermit crab |
| CN103004652A (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2013-04-03 | 淮安正昌饲料有限公司 | Method for observing ecdysis period of crayfish |
| CN104488790A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-08 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | Device for observing molt and growth of river crabs and application thereof |
| CN204466602U (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-07-15 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | A kind of observe river crab cast off a skin growth device |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106305567A (en) * | 2016-08-21 | 2017-01-11 | 盘锦光合蟹业有限公司 | Image identification method used for judging river crabs |
| CN106719204A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | A kind of method that utilization wild crab produces soft crab |
| CN106719204B (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2019-10-08 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | A method of soft crab is produced using wild crab |
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Inventor after: Li Xuguang Inventor after: Zhou Gang Inventor after: Gu Xiaohong Inventor after: Zhou Jun Inventor after: Lin Hai Inventor after: Huang Hongbing Inventor after: Zeng Qingfei Inventor after: Mao Zhigang Inventor before: Li Xuguang Inventor before: Zhou Gang Inventor before: Gu Xiaohong Inventor before: Zhou Jun Inventor before: Lin Hai Inventor before: Huang Hongbin Inventor before: Zeng Qingfei Inventor before: Mao Zhigang |
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