CN105145066A - 一种采用植物生长控制剂缩短盐柏盆景培育周期的方法 - Google Patents

一种采用植物生长控制剂缩短盐柏盆景培育周期的方法 Download PDF

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CN105145066A
CN105145066A CN201510545030.5A CN201510545030A CN105145066A CN 105145066 A CN105145066 A CN 105145066A CN 201510545030 A CN201510545030 A CN 201510545030A CN 105145066 A CN105145066 A CN 105145066A
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王胜
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Weifang Yourong Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种采用植物生长控制剂缩短盐柏盆景培育周期的方法，包括制备插穗、插穗预处理、扦插、生长过程管理、塑形步骤。所述的生长过程管理步骤：柽柳高度长至50cm时，施用植物生长控制剂；植物生长控制剂的原料配比为：2-甲氧基-5-硝基苯酚钠0.38份、水杨酸2.3份、6-苄氨基嘌呤0.69份、芸胎素内酯1.3份、氟啶胺1.1份、葡萄糖酸4份、白藜芦醇6份、质量百分含量为40%乙酸5份、质量百分含量为50%乙醇42份、水1850份。采用本发明培育盐柏盆景，培育周期为11-13个月，成活率为98.1-99.3%。

Description

一种采用植物生长控制剂缩短盐柏盆景培育周期的方法
技术领域
本发明属于盆景培育技术领域，涉及一种盆景培育的方法，具体涉及一种采用植物生长控制剂缩短盐柏盆景培育周期的方法。
背景技术
柽柳为温带及亚热带树种，产于中国甘肃、河北、河南、山东、湖北、安徽、江苏、浙江、福建、广东、云南等省区。黄河流域及沿海盐碱地多有栽培。喜光、耐旱、耐寒，亦较耐水湿。极耐盐碱、沙荒地，根系发达，萌生力强，极耐修剪刈割。
柽柳为灌木或小乔木，其枝叶浓绿、茂密，绿期长，对土壤条件要求不高，有一定的耐盐碱能力，非常适合培育盆景。
用柽柳培育的盆景，外形美观，观赏价值高，其单根枝条上的枝叶多被修剪为球形，根据对其枝叶的塑形和修剪，可呈现各种形状。用柽柳培育的盆景，培育过程较为困难，耗费时间也较长，且培育效果难以做到理想。
但培育盆景的现有技术具有以下缺陷：（1）培育周期长；（2）成活率较低，商品率不高；（3）盆景的根系较短、主杆较细。
发明内容
本发明针对以上不足，提供一种采用植物生长控制剂缩短盐柏盆景培育周期的方法，实现以下发明目的：
1、缩短盐柏盆景的培育周期，缩短培育周期至11-13个月；
2、提高盐柏盆景的成活率和商品率，使成活率为98.1-99.3%，商品率为97-99%；
3、提高盐柏根系长度，提高盐柏枝干粗度。
为解决上述技术问题，采用以下技术方案：
一种采用植物生长控制剂缩短盐柏盆景培育周期的方法，包括制备插穗、插穗预处理、扦插、生长过程管理、塑形步骤。
以下是对上述技术方案的进一步改进：
所述的生长过程管理步骤：柽柳高度长至50cm时，施用植物生长控制剂；所述的植物生长控制剂由以下重量配比的原料制备而成：
2-甲氧基-5-硝基苯酚钠0.38份、水杨酸2.3份、6-苄氨基嘌呤0.69份、芸胎素内酯1.3份、氟啶胺1.1份、葡萄糖酸4份、白藜芦醇6份、质量百分含量为40%乙酸5份、质量百分含量为50%乙醇42份、水1850份。
所述的插穗预处理步骤：将插穗下端浸泡在植物生根剂中，温度为30-34℃，浸泡5-6小时。
所述的插穗预处理步骤：采用的植物生根剂由以下重量配比的原料制备而成：胺鲜酯2.5份、赤霉素1.3份、绿原酸3.5份、蒙花苷7份、阿魏酸3.5份、质量百分含量为50%的乙醇35份、水2000份。
所述的制备插穗步骤：截取1-2年生的直径在5-7cm的健壮枝条作为种条制作插穗，插穗长度为15-20cm。
所述的扦插步骤：插穗与地面夹角为75-85°，插穗地上露出部分长度为2-3cm。
所述的塑形步骤：苗木地上部分高度长到1.0-1.5米、主杆直径为10-12cm时，移栽出圃。
盐柏盆景培育周期为11-13个月，成活率为98.1-99.3%。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下有益效果：
1、采用本发明培育方法培育盐柏盆景，培育周期为11-13个月；
2、采用本发明培育方法培育盐柏盆景，成活率为98.1-99.3%，商品率为97-99%；
3、采用本发明培育方法培育盐柏盆景，盐柏平均根系长度为2.1-2.5m；
4、采用本发明培育方法培育的盐柏盆景，盐柏主杆平均直径为11.6-12.2cm，可塑型性更强。
具体实施方式
实施例1一种采用植物生长控制剂缩短盐柏盆景培育周期的方法
本发明所述的盐柏为柽柳。
步骤一、制备插穗
选择好育苗地块后，整理地块，亩施禽粪基肥50kg/亩，与土混匀，整平，挖好沟槽；
3月上旬，选取发育充分，健壮且无病虫害的柽柳，截取1-2年生的直径在5-7cm的健壮枝条作为种条；
在扦插前3-4天，把种条分段剪成15-20cm的插穗。
步骤二、插穗预处理
在扦插前要对柽柳插穗进行预处理，将插穗下端浸泡在植物生根剂中，温度为30-34℃，浸泡5-6小时；
所述的植物生根剂由以下重量配比的原料制备而成：胺鲜酯2.5份、赤霉素1.3份、绿原酸3.5份、蒙花苷7份、阿魏酸3.5份、质量百分含量为50%的乙醇35份、水2000份；
所述的胺鲜酯：有效成分含量为98%；
所述的赤霉素：有效成分含量为80%；
所述的绿原酸：白色精细粉末，有效成分含量为70%；
植物生根剂的制备方法：按配方比例称好各原料后，先将绿原酸和乙醇溶解完全，再加入到水中，搅拌均匀，依次加入胺鲜酯和赤霉素，边加入边搅拌，溶解后，加入蒙花苷和阿魏酸，搅拌至完全溶解。
步骤三、扦插
盐柏扦插时，将插穗插入沟槽中心线处，插穗与地面夹角为75-85°，插穗地上露出部分长度为2-3cm；扦插后，立即浇一次透水。
步骤四、生长过程管理
柽柳扦插后，苗期要时常浇水，每次浇水润湿土壤即可，忌大水漫灌；
柽柳高度长至50cm时，进入生长期，柽柳生长期较长，施用植物生长控制剂可缩短其生长周期；
所述的植物生长控制剂由以下重量配比的原料制备而成：
2-甲氧基-5-硝基苯酚钠0.31份、水杨酸2.1份、6-苄氨基嘌呤0.68份、芸胎素内酯1.2份、氟啶胺0.8份、葡萄糖酸2份、白藜芦醇3份、质量百分含量为40%乙酸3份、质量百分含量为50%乙醇38份、水1800份；
所述的2-甲氧基-5-硝基苯酚钠：枣红色片状结晶，有效成分含量为98%；
所述的6-苄氨基嘌呤：有效成分含量为98%；
所述的氟啶胺：有效成分含量为98%。
植物生长控制剂的制备方法：按配方比例称好各原料后，先将6-苄氨基嘌呤、芸胎素内酯、氟啶胺溶于50%的乙醇溶液中；将2-甲氧基-5-硝基苯酚钠、白藜芦醇、水杨酸、葡萄糖酸溶解于40%的乙酸溶液中；将上述2种溶液合并后，再加入水，搅拌均匀即可。
植物生长控制剂的施用方法：每月向种植区地面喷洒植物生长控制剂B一次，每次施用量为1L/亩，喷洒后，浇一次水，润湿土壤即可。
步骤五、塑形
当柽柳苗木地上部分高度长到1.0-1.5米、主杆直径为10-12cm时，将其移栽出圃，转至花盆中继续培育，此时进入塑形期；
塑形期为1-3个月，可根据设计好的形状修剪和造型，抹去不必要的枝芽，留用的枝叶定期修剪，一般将留用的枝条上的茂密枝叶修为球形，球径大小可达到8-20cm，使其按设计好的盆景形状生长。
实施例2一种采用植物生长控制剂缩短盐柏盆景培育周期的方法
步骤一、制备插穗
按照实施例1的方法制备插穗。
步骤二、插穗预处理
按照实施例1的方法进行插穗预处理。
步骤三、扦插
按照实施例1的方法进行扦插。
步骤四、生长过程管理
柽柳扦插后，苗期要时常浇水，每次浇水润湿土壤即可，忌大水漫灌；
柽柳高度长至50cm时，进入生长期，柽柳生长期较长，施用植物生长控制剂可缩短其生长周期；
所述的植物生长控制剂由以下重量配比的原料制备而成：
2-甲氧基-5-硝基苯酚钠0.38份、水杨酸2.3份、6-苄氨基嘌呤0.69份、芸胎素内酯1.3份、氟啶胺1.1份、葡萄糖酸4份、白藜芦醇6份、质量百分含量为40%乙酸5份、质量百分含量为50%乙醇42份、水1850份；
所述的2-甲氧基-5-硝基苯酚钠：枣红色片状结晶，有效成分含量为98%；
所述的6-苄氨基嘌呤：有效成分含量为98%；
所述的氟啶胺：有效成分含量为98%。
植物生长控制剂的制备方法：按配方比例称好各原料后，先将6-苄氨基嘌呤、芸胎素内酯、氟啶胺溶于50%的乙醇溶液中；将2-甲氧基-5-硝基苯酚钠、白藜芦醇、水杨酸、葡萄糖酸溶解于40%的乙酸溶液中；将上述2种溶液合并后，再加入水，搅拌均匀即可。
植物生长控制剂的施用方法：每月向种植区地面喷洒植物生长控制剂一次，每次施用量为1L/亩，喷洒后，浇一次水，润湿土壤即可。
步骤五、塑形
按照实施例1的方法进行塑形。
实施例3一种采用植物生长控制剂缩短盐柏盆景培育周期的方法
步骤一、制备插穗
按照实施例1的方法制备插穗。
步骤二、插穗预处理
按照实施例1的方法进行插穗预处理。
步骤三、扦插
按照实施例1的方法进行扦插。
步骤四、生长过程管理
柽柳扦插后，苗期要时常浇水，每次浇水润湿土壤即可，忌大水漫灌；
柽柳高度长至50cm时，进入生长期，柽柳生长期较长，施用植物生长控制剂可缩短其生长周期；
所述的植物生长控制剂由以下重量配比的原料制备而成：
2-甲氧基-5-硝基苯酚钠0.43份、水杨酸2.5份、6-苄氨基嘌呤0.72份、芸胎素内酯1.4份、氟啶胺1.3份、葡萄糖酸6份、白藜芦醇9份、质量百分含量为40%乙酸8份、质量百分含量为50%乙醇45份、水1900份；
所述的2-甲氧基-5-硝基苯酚钠：枣红色片状结晶，有效成分含量为98%；
所述的6-苄氨基嘌呤：有效成分含量为98%；
所述的氟啶胺：有效成分含量为98%。
植物生长控制剂的制备方法：按配方比例称好各原料后，先将6-苄氨基嘌呤、芸胎素内酯、氟啶胺溶于50%的乙醇溶液中；将2-甲氧基-5-硝基苯酚钠、白藜芦醇、水杨酸、葡萄糖酸溶解于40%的乙酸溶液中；将上述2种溶液合并后，再加入水，搅拌均匀即可。
植物生长控制剂的施用方法：每月向种植区地面喷洒植物生长控制剂B一次，每次施用量为1L/亩，喷洒后，浇一次水，润湿土壤即可。
步骤五、塑形
按照实施例1的方法进行塑形。
盆景培育结果：
分别采用实施例1-3的培育方法培育盐柏盆景，与现有技术培育方法相比，培育结果见表1；
表1盐柏盆景培育结果
由表1可见，实施例2为优选实施例。
采用本发明培育方法培育盐柏盆景，培育周期短，仅为11-13个月，盐柏成活率为98.1-99.3%，盐柏商品率为97-99%；盐柏平均根系长度为2.1-2.5m,盐柏主杆平均直径为11.6-12.2cm，可塑型性更强。
最后应说明的是：以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种采用植物生长控制剂缩短盐柏盆景培育周期的方法，其特征在于：包括制备插穗、插穗预处理、扦插、生长过程管理、塑形步骤。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种采用植物生长控制剂缩短盐柏盆景培育周期的方法，其特征在于：所述的生长过程管理步骤：柽柳高度长至50cm时，施用植物生长控制剂；所述的植物生长控制剂由以下重量配比的原料制备而成：
2-甲氧基-5-硝基苯酚钠0.38份、水杨酸2.3份、6-苄氨基嘌呤0.69份、芸胎素内酯1.3份、氟啶胺1.1份、葡萄糖酸4份、白藜芦醇6份、质量百分含量为40%乙酸5份、质量百分含量为50%乙醇42份、水1850份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种采用植物生长控制剂缩短盐柏盆景培育周期的方法，其特征在于：所述的插穗预处理步骤：将插穗下端浸泡在植物生根剂中，温度为30-34℃，浸泡5-6小时。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种采用植物生长控制剂缩短盐柏盆景培育周期的方法，其特征在于：所述的插穗预处理步骤：采用的植物生根剂由以下重量配比的原料制备而成：胺鲜酯2.5份、赤霉素1.3份、绿原酸3.5份、蒙花苷7份、阿魏酸3.5份、质量百分含量为50%的乙醇35份、水2000份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种采用植物生长控制剂缩短盐柏盆景培育周期的方法，其特征在于：所述的制备插穗步骤：截取1-2年生的直径在5-7cm的健壮枝条作为种条制作插穗，插穗长度为15-20cm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种采用植物生长控制剂缩短盐柏盆景培育周期的方法，其特征在于：所述的扦插步骤：插穗与地面夹角为75-85°，插穗地上露出部分长度为2-3cm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种采用植物生长控制剂缩短盐柏盆景培育周期的方法，其特征在于：所述的塑形步骤：苗木地上部分高度长到1.0-1.5米、主杆直径为10-12cm时，移栽出圃。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种采用植物生长控制剂缩短盐柏盆景培育周期的方法，其特征在于：盐柏盆景培育周期为11-13个月，成活率为98.1-99.3%。
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