CN105142212B - A kind of frame synchronization detection method based on zero correlation band sequence - Google Patents
A kind of frame synchronization detection method based on zero correlation band sequence Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
- H04W56/0035—Synchronisation arrangements detecting errors in frequency or phase
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- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
- H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
- H04L27/2656—Frame synchronisation, e.g. packet synchronisation, time division duplex [TDD] switching point detection or subframe synchronisation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of for being based on the frame synchronization detection method of zero correlation band (Zero Correlation Zone, ZCZ) sequence in wireless communication system.Make computing cross-correlation with local ZCZ sequence firstly, receiving sequence；Secondly, making the conjugation point multiplication operation between the symbolic blocks of front and back to computing cross-correlation result；Then, the arrival of frame is judged whether there is after the real part maximum value of each symbolic blocks being made comparisons with threshold value.Make the conjugation point multiplication operation between the symbolic blocks of front and back to the result of computing cross-correlation is that, if it is desired to being easier peak detection, can make the conjugation point multiplication operation between front and back symbolic blocks several times to keep maximum value more obvious more.Compared with existing frame detection method, the method is easy to operate and realize, can accurately judge whether there is the arrival of frame.The present invention also can be applied in time synchronization, determine the starting point of signal by finding the position of negative pulse.
Description
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of to be based on zero correlation band the present invention relates to a kind of frame synchronization detection method for wireless communication system
The frame synchronization detection method of (Zero Correlation Zone, ZCZ) sequence, belongs to wireless communication technology field.
Background technique
In a communications system, it is influenced since signal will receive channel fading, noise etc., time delay is generated in transmission process,
So that receiving end cannot correctly judge the starting point of signal.In order to guarantee system performance and improve transmission quality and transmitting terminal
With the consistency of receiving end signal starting point, it is necessary to determine the arrival of frame by frame detection technique, and then pass through simultaneous techniques
Accurately to estimate the starting point of signal.
With emerging in large numbers for 802.11 equipment of IEEE, wireless local area network technology experienced unprecedented development, especially with it is how defeated
Enter multi output (Multiple Input Multiple Output, MIMO) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (Orthogonal
Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM) technology combination, make wireless transmission rate and quality obtain very
Big raising.But 802.11 WLAN of IEEE (Wireless LocalArea Network, WLAN) system has
Randomness, that is, the initial position of signal cannot be accurately known in receiving end.In order to ensure receiving end and emit end signal
Consistency needs frame detection and simultaneous techniques to judge the arrival of signal frame and the initial position of signal frame.Existing frame detection
Technology is based on delay correlation algorithm, and when noise is relatively low, in order to detect frame, threshold value can be also arranged smaller,
In this case it will appear the case where noise is mistaken for frame, the false detection rate of frame detection can accordingly increase, cause correctly to sentence
The arrival of disconnected frame.Frame synchronization inspection proposed by the present invention based on zero correlation band (Zero Correlation Zone, ZCZ) sequence
Survey method can overcome asking in low signal-to-noise ratio erroneous detection using being used in combination for cross correlation algorithm and auto-correlation algorithm
Topic, can be good at the arrival for detecting frame.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention：In order to solve the deficiency of existing frame detection and Time synchronization technique in a wireless communication system, this
Invention proposes a kind of frame synchronization detection method for being based on zero correlation band (Zero Correlation Zone, ZCZ) sequence, benefit
A kind of leader sequence is designed with the characteristic of the good autocorrelation of ZCZ sequence, cross correlation and complete complementary, according to leading
The characteristic of sequence improves Frame Synchronization Test using the arrival of cross correlation algorithm and auto-correlation algorithm being used in combination come judgment frame
Accuracy.The method can also be used in time synchronization, and system performance has good improvement.
The content of present invention is understood in order to clearer, introduces ZCZ sequence and lead code according to the present invention first
Relevant knowledge：ZCZ sequence can be usedTo indicate, wherein N indicates the length of a ZCZ sequence, and Q is indicated
The item number of ZCZ sequence, Z are the length of zero correlation block.Lead code is by short training field (Short Training Fields, STF)
With channel estimation field (Channel Estimation Fields, CEF) two parts rent at.STF includes K time of ZCZ sequence
It repeats, for automatic growth control (Automatic Gain Control), frame detection (Packet Estimation), thick frequency
Rate synchronous (Coarse Frequency Synchronization) and time synchronization (Timing Synchronization).
CEF includes L ZCZ sequence, and for different transmission bandwidths, but they have distinct symbols form, with+,-it indicates, mainly
For channel estimation (Channel Estimation).
For multiple-antenna MIMO system, transmitting antenna number NTx, receiving antenna number is NRx, and wherein receiving antenna number cannot
Greater than transmitting antenna number, transmitting antenna number cannot be greater than the item number of ZCZ sequence, i.e. NRx≤NTx, NTx≤Q.In transmitting terminal, often
One ZCZ sequence forms a preamble sequence, and every transmission antenna sends a preamble sequence, and different antenna transmittings
Different preamble sequences.For this sending mode, receiving end every the reception signal behavior of receiving antenna one and its
The different ZCZ sequence of his receiving antenna carries out Frame Synchronization Test.
Technical solution：A kind of frame synchronization detection method based on zero correlation band sequence is based on ZCZ Sequence composition lead code sequence
Column, design a kind of Frame Synchronization Test correlation technique using preamble sequence structure feature, the method is：Firstly, receiving signal
First make computing cross-correlation with local ZCZ sequence, then the conjugation dot product between the symbolic blocks of front and back is made to the result of computing cross-correlation and is transported
It calculates, the real part maximum value of each symbolic blocks is then taken out compared with threshold value, according to the result of the comparison to determine whether there is frame
It arrives.
One kind is specifically wrapped based on the frame synchronization detection method of zero correlation band (Zero Correlation Zone, ZCZ) sequence
Include following steps：
Step 1：In receiving end, signal r is receivedi(i=1,2 ..., NRx) is first and one different from other receiving antennas
ZCZ sequence makees computing cross-correlation, i.e. the cyclic shift matrices of reception signal and the ZCZ Sequence composition of selection are conjugated dot product, wherein
riIndicate the reception signal of i-th receiving antenna.Corresponding formula is
(formula 1)
Wherein || expression takes absolute value, and * expression takes conjugation, xi,jIndicate j-th of symbolic blocks of i-th receiving antenna, symbol
Block includes N number of symbol, and n indicates which symbol in symbolic blocks, and M indicates to make the symbol block number of related operation and M≤K, K are short
The ZCZ sequence block number that training field (Short Training Fields, STF) includes, matrix ZkNIndicate the ZCZ sequence selected
The cyclic shift matrices of column can be indicated with following formula
(formula 2)
Wherein zi,k(i=1,2 ..., NRx, k=1,2 ..., N) it indicates and the reception signal r of i-th receiving antennaiMake mutual
K-th of symbol of the ZCZ sequence of related operation, ZkN1st column element of matrix is the former ZCZ sequence selected, and t is classified as t-
The sequence of 1 column ring shift right 1, at this time 2≤t≤N.
Step 2：M symbolic blocks are obtained by (formula 1) in step 1, auto-correlation computation is made to result above, that is,
Symbolic blocks corresponding cross correlation value in front and back is subjected to conjugation point multiplication operation, formula can be expressed as
γi,s=c* i,s·ci,s+1(formula 3)
(formula 4)
(formula 5)
Wherein (formula 4) indicates the energy of each symbol block signal, s=1,2 ..., M-1.
Step 3：M-1 symbolic blocks are obtained by (formula 5), the conjugation between the symbolic blocks of front and back is made to this M-1 symbolic blocks
Point multiplication operation, formula are
χi,m=b* i,m·bi,m+1(formula 6)
(formula 7)
(formula 8)
Wherein m=1,2 ..., M-2.
Step 4：M-2 symbolic blocks are obtained by (formula 8), take out the real part maximum value of each symbolic blocks, are used to and threshold value
It makes comparisons, formula is
αi,m=max { real (ηi,m), m=1,2 ..., M-2 (formula 9)
Wherein max { } is to be maximized, and real () is to take real part.
Step 5：By αi,m, compared with the threshold value being set in advance, formula is by m=1,2 ..., M-2
αi,m>=ζ (formula 10)
Wherein ζ is the threshold value of setting.
Specific judgment method is in step 5：
If the α of any one receiving antennai,m, there is the value more than or equal to ζ in m=1,2 ..., M-2, be then judged as there is frame
It arrives；
If the α of all receiving antennasi,m, there is no the value more than or equal to ζ in m=1,2 ..., M-2, then it is judged as no frame
It arrives；
A kind of frame synchronization detection method based on zero correlation band sequence also can be applied in time synchronization, time synchronization
Principle is similar with the principle that frame detects, only according to the characteristic of lead code, it is only necessary to determine the position of first negative pulse, just
It can determine the rough position of time synchronization.
Because needing to make comparisons by some values and threshold value, and then judge whether there is frame in Frame Synchronization Test technology
It arrives, is to take out maximum value to make comparisons with threshold value under normal circumstances.Signal and local ZCZ sequence are received by observation in step 1
Column make the result of computing cross-correlation, it can be seen that the maximum value of each symbolic blocks cannot highlight well, and result is simultaneously
Not certain rule can be followed；The conjugation point multiplication operation between the symbolic blocks of front and back is made to the result of computing cross-correlation again, can be made
Maximum value in one symbolic blocks highlights, and implements and is more easy.
Beneficial effect：It is provided by the invention to be based on zero correlation compared with the existing method used in frame detection technique
Preamble structure with sequence, the lead code have certain periodicity, use that can be more convenient and flexible.Receive signal
Sequence and local ZCZ sequence make computing cross-correlation, then make the conjugate point between the symbolic blocks of front and back to the result of computing cross-correlation
Multiplication, the real part maximum value for then taking out each symbolic blocks is made comparisons with threshold value is capable of the arrival of accurate judgment frame.This side
Method can also be used in thick time synchronization, determine the position of signal by finding first negative pulse.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is preamble structure figure used in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the sending mode of antenna used in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that the present invention is based on the frame overhaul flow charts of the realization of the frame synchronization detection method of ZCZ sequence；
Fig. 4 is that the present invention is based on the frame synchronization detection method of ZCZ sequence and delay correlation algorithm false detection rate comparison diagram, emulation
Scene is：540MHz bandwidth, four spatial datas.
Specific embodiment
Below by taking millimeter wave WLAN (IEEE802.11aj) as an example, in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention is furture elucidated, answers
Understand that these examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, after the present invention has been read, this
Field technical staff falls within the application range as defined in the appended claims to the modification of various equivalent forms of the invention.
In wireless communication field, the Frame Synchronization Test algorithm based on ZCZ sequence has diversified application.Such as
Carry out frame detection with it is synchronous, generally require to send multiple duplicate ZCZ sequences on antenna at this time, using multiple related operation into
Row detection.
It in the embodiment of the present invention, is sent using the single carrier data in IEEE802.11aj, data transmission bandwidth is
540MHz, the symbolic number that each symbolic blocks include are 256, and emulating the spatial data fluxion used is 4, ZCZ sequence using four phases
Sequence with complete complementary characteristic, this quadriphase sequence can use ZaN、ZbN、ZcN、ZdNIt indicates, length N=256, zero correlation block
Length Z=56, i.e. ZCZ arrangement setSTF includes 10 ZCZ sequences, and CEF includes 4 ZCZ sequences, is adopted
With-,+,+,-form, indicate+1 ,+j with 0,1,2,3 respectively, -1,-j, the ZCZ sequence of 256 length are shown in Table 1, lead code knot
Structure as shown in Figure 1, the sending mode of each antenna as shown in Fig. 2, other parameters are shown in Table 2.Support different bandwidth, different spaces data
The example that the scene of fluxion and different antennae number can be modified in the present embodiment obtains.
1 ZCZ sequence of table
The setting of 2 simulation parameter of table
As shown in figure 3, the correlation technique for frame detection that the embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of based on ZCZ sequence, tool
Steps are as follows for body：
Step 1：In 4 × 4 system, the reception signal r of i-th receiving antennai(i=1,2 ..., 4) and one and its
The different ZCZ sequence of his receiving antenna makees computing cross-correlation, i.e. riMake conjugate point with the cyclic shift matrices of the ZCZ sequence of selection
Multiplication is 6 for making the symbol block number of related operation, and symbolic blocks include N number of symbol and N=256, corresponding formula
It is as follows：
(formula 11)
Wherein || expression takes absolute value, and * expression takes conjugation, xi,jIndicate j-th of symbolic blocks of i-th receiving antenna, n table
Show which symbol in symbolic blocks, matrix Zk256The cyclic shift matrices for indicating the ZCZ sequence selected, can be indicated with following formula
(formula 12)
Wherein zi,k(i=1,2 ..., 4, k=1,2 ..., 256) it indicates and the reception signal r of i-th receiving antennaiMake mutual
K-th of symbol of the ZCZ sequence of related operation, Zk2561st column element of matrix is the former ZCZ sequence selected, and t is classified as the
The sequence of t-1 column ring shift right 1, and 2≤t≤256.
Step 2：6 symbolic blocks are obtained by (formula 1) in step 1, then auto-correlation computation is made to result above, also
It is that front and back symbolic blocks corresponding element makees conjugation point multiplication operation, formula can be expressed as
γi,s=c* i,s·ci,s+1(formula 13)
(formula 14)
(formula 15)
Wherein (formula 14) indicate a receiving antenna on each symbol block signal energy, s=1,2 ..., 5.
Step 3：5 symbolic blocks are obtained by (formula 15), the conjugation dot product between the symbolic blocks of front and back is made to this 5 symbolic blocks
Operation, formula are
χi,m=b* i,m·bi,m+1(formula 16)
(formula 17)
(formula 18)
Wherein m=1,2 ..., 4.
Step 4：4 symbolic blocks are obtained by (formula 18), take out the real part maximum value of each symbolic blocks, are used to make with threshold value
Compare, formula is
αi,m=max { real (ηi,m), m=1,2,…, 4 (formula 19)
Wherein max { } is to be maximized, and real () is to take real part.
Step 5：By αi,m, m=1,2 ..., 4 compared with the threshold value being set in advance, and formula is
αi,m>=ζ (formula 20)
Wherein ζ is the threshold value of setting.
Specific judgment method is in step 5：
If the α of any one receiving antennai,m, there is the value more than or equal to ζ in 2 ..., 4 in m=1, then being judged as has frame to arrive
Come；
If the α of four receiving antennasi,m, m=1 is then judged as that no frame arrives there is no the value more than or equal to ζ in 2 ..., 4
Come.
Frame synchronization detection method based on zero correlation band sequence also can be applied in time synchronization, the principle of time synchronization
It is similar with the principle of frame detection, only according to the characteristic of lead code, it is only necessary to determine the position of first negative pulse, so that it may
Determine the rough position of time synchronization.
The method of the present invention using cross correlation algorithm and auto-correlation algorithm the arrival being used in combination come judgment frame, and it is existing
Frame detection technique based on delay correlation algorithm is compared, and the accuracy of Frame Synchronization Test is improved, and experimental result is as shown in Figure 4.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of frame synchronization detection method based on zero correlation band sequence, which is characterized in that be based on ZCZ Sequence composition lead code sequence
Column, lead code is by short training field (Short Training Fields, STF) and channel estimation field (Channel
Estimation Fields, CEF) two parts rent at；STF is K duplication of production of ZCZ sequence, and CEF includes L ZCZ sequence,
For different transmission bandwidths, but they have distinct symbols form, with+,-it indicates, is mainly used for channel estimation, for more
Antenna MIMO system, transmitting antenna number NTx, receiving antenna number are NRx, and wherein receiving antenna number cannot be greater than transmitting antenna
Number, transmitting antenna number cannot be greater than the item number of ZCZ sequence, and in transmitting terminal, each ZCZ sequence forms a preamble sequence,
Every transmission antenna sends a preamble sequence, and different antennas emits different preamble sequences；For this transmission
Mode, receiving end every, the signal behavior one ZCZ sequence different from other receiving antennas that receives of receiving antenna carries out frame
Synchronous detection；
A kind of Frame Synchronization Test correlation technique designed using preamble sequence structure feature, the method are：Firstly, receiving letter
Number elder generation and local ZCZ sequence make computing cross-correlation, then the conjugation dot product before and after making to the result of computing cross-correlation between symbolic blocks
Operation then takes out the real part maximum value of each symbolic blocks compared with threshold value, according to the result of the comparison to determine whether there is frame
Arrival；
It receives signal and first makees computing cross-correlation with local ZCZ sequence, then the result of computing cross-correlation is made between the symbolic blocks of front and back
Conjugation point multiplication operation, then take out the real part maximum value of each symbolic blocks compared with threshold value, sentence according to the result of the comparison
The disconnected arrival for whether having frame, specifically comprises the following steps：
Step 1：In receiving end, signal r is receivedi(i=1,2 ..., NRx) a first and ZCZ sequence different from other receiving antennas
Column make computing cross-correlation, i.e. the cyclic shift matrices of reception signal and the ZCZ Sequence composition of selection are conjugated dot product, wherein riIt indicates
The reception signal of i-th receiving antenna；Corresponding formula is
Wherein | | expression takes absolute value, and * expression takes conjugation, and NRx is receiving antenna number, xi,jIndicate the jth of i-th receiving antenna
A symbolic blocks, symbolic blocks include N number of symbol, and n indicates which symbol in symbolic blocks, M indicate to make the symbolic blocks of related operation
Number and M≤K, K are the ZCZ sequence block number that short training field (Short Training Fields, STF) includes, matrix ZkNTable
The cyclic shift matrices for showing the ZCZ sequence of selection, can be indicated with following formula
Wherein zi,k(i=1,2 ..., NRx, k=1,2 ..., N) it indicates and the reception signal r of i-th receiving antennaiMake cross-correlation
K-th of symbol of the ZCZ sequence of operation, ZkN1st column element of matrix is the former ZCZ sequence selected, and t is classified as t-1 column and follows
Ring moves to right 1 sequence, and 2≤t≤N；
Step 2：M symbolic blocks are obtained by formula 1 in step 1, auto-correlation computation made to result above, that is, by front and back
The corresponding cross correlation value of symbolic blocks carries out conjugation point multiplication operation, and formula can be expressed as
γi,s=c* i,s·ci,s+1Formula 3
Wherein formula 4 indicates the energy of each symbol block signal, s=1,2 ..., M-1；
Step 3：M-1 symbolic blocks are obtained by formula 5, the conjugation dot product between the symbolic blocks of front and back is made to this M-1 symbolic blocks and is transported
It calculates, formula is
χi,m=b* i,m·bi,m+1Formula 6
Wherein m=1,2 ..., M-2；
Step 4：M-2 symbolic blocks are obtained by formula 8, take out the real part maximum value of each symbolic blocks, for making comparisons with threshold value,
Formula is
αi,m=max { real (ηi,m), m=1,2 ..., M-2 formula 9
Wherein max { } is to be maximized, and real () is to take real part；
Step 5：By αi,m, compared with the threshold value being set in advance, formula is by m=1,2 ..., M-2
αi,m>=ζ formula 10
Wherein ζ is the threshold value of setting；
Specific judgment method is in step 5：
If the α of any one receiving antennai,m, there is the value more than or equal to ζ in m=1,2 ..., M-2, being then judged as has frame to arrive
Come；
If the α of all receiving antennasi,m, there is no the value more than or equal to ζ in m=1,2 ..., M-2, then it is judged as that no frame arrives
Come.
2. the frame synchronization detection method as described in claim 1 based on zero correlation band sequence, which is characterized in that the frame synchronization
Detection method also can be applied in time synchronization, and the principle of time synchronization is similar with the principle that frame detects, according to lead code
Characteristic, it is only necessary to determine the position of first negative pulse, so that it may determine the rough position of time synchronization.
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| US10298335B1 (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-05-21 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Co-channel interference reduction in mmWave networks |
| CN110868237B (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2021-08-24 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Signal synchronization method and device and computer storage medium |
| CN113923090B (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-15 | 深圳市永达电子信息股份有限公司 | Frame synchronization detection method, system and computer storage medium for mobile device network |
| CN115085766A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-20 | 重庆邮电大学 | Power line communication timing synchronization implementation method based on FFT and IFFT cascade structure |
| CN117811693A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-04-02 | 华为技术有限公司 | Ultra-wideband-based sensing method and device |
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| CN101778088A (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2010-07-14 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Training sequence frame timing synchronized method based on pseudo-random sequence modulation based |
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| CN1753395A (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2006-03-29 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Symbol timing method for multi-antenna wireless communication system |
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| CN101778088A (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2010-07-14 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Training sequence frame timing synchronized method based on pseudo-random sequence modulation based |
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