CN105141314B - Secondary mixing RF-DAC structures - Google Patents
Secondary mixing RF-DAC structures Download PDFInfo
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- CN105141314B CN105141314B CN201510548734.8A CN201510548734A CN105141314B CN 105141314 B CN105141314 B CN 105141314B CN 201510548734 A CN201510548734 A CN 201510548734A CN 105141314 B CN105141314 B CN 105141314B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of secondary mixing RF DAC structures comprising：Coding circuit and mixer/dac circuit, wherein, mixer/dac circuit can be achieved at the same time DAC functions and mixing function, the circuit is made of four phase switch units, double flat weighing apparatus mixing unit and tail current source Is, the input signal of secondary mixing RF DAC structures is 1 digit numeric code, the overturning of four phase switch units is controlled by coding circuit, realize transformation of the voltage signal to current signal, double flat weighing apparatus mixing unit controls electric current using local oscillation signal, it realizes and is mixed in current field, finally realize combination in output node and convert the current into voltage.The invention has the beneficial effects that：(1) mixer/dac circuit, which is equivalent to, is integrated with DAC units and mixer unit, can not only reduce cost, but also can reduce area and power consumption, is more convenient the system integration；(2) advantage of DAC and frequency mixer has been merged, the higher linearity can have been realized in the case of high frequency big bandwidth, to improve the overall performance of radio frequency sending set.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of circuits, and in particular to a kind of secondary mixing RF-DAC structures belong to the integrated electricity of numerical model analysis
Road technique field.
Background technology
The fast development of wireless communication technique, to multicarrier, more bandwidth, multi-standard radio frequency sending set propose it is higher
It is required that needing to realize the higher linearity in the case where possessing big bandwidth.
Traditional radio frequency sending set generally use Low Medium Frequency or zero-intermediate-frequency architecture, structure are as shown in Figure 1.Utilize digital mould
Quasi- converter (DAC) generates low intermediate frequency signal, is filtered by low-pass filter (LPF), is then mixed using frequency mixer
Frequently, it recycles bandpass filter (BPF) to select the radiofrequency signal after mixing, finally passes through power amplifier (PA) and antenna emits signal
It goes out.
With being constantly progressive for CMOS technology processing procedure, the frequency of digital analog converter has been lifted to the level of 5GS/s,
But the highest frequency of signal output is still in Nyquist or far below Nyquist Bandwidth.So traditional structure
Radio frequency sending set needs digital analog converter being combined with frequency mixer.However, the combination of the two is unfavorable for the micro- of transmitter
Refinement and the system integration.
If digital analog converter and frequency mixer can be integrated in a chip, can not only reduce into
This, but also area and power consumption can be reduced, it is advantageously integrated.
For digital analog converter with frequency mixer as the important link in transmitter signal chain, the performance of the two determines hair
Penetrate the quality of machine performance.Current steer digital analog converter have big bandwidth, but frequency raising can severe exacerbation it
The linearity, however frequency mixer can generate the radiofrequency signal of high linearity.
For these reasons, the RF- of big bandwidth and high linearity can be possessed simultaneously under the output signal frequency of GHz
DAC structure will be as a kind of urgent demand.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of secondary mixing RF-DAC structures, which is not only advantageously integrated, Er Qieke
The performance of overall emission machine is improved, ensures that transmitter can possess big bandwidth and high line simultaneously under the output signal frequency of GHz
Property degree.
In order to realize that above-mentioned target, the present invention adopt the following technical scheme that：
A kind of secondary mixing RF-DAC structures, which is characterized in that including：
Coding circuit：Sampled clock signal CLK and input signal DATA generates control signal G1, control by coding circuit
Signal G2, control signal G3 and control signal G4, wherein control signal G1=DATA＆CLK, control signal
Control signalControl signal
Mixer/dac circuit：It is integrated with DAC units and mixing unit, can be achieved at the same time DAC functions and mixing function；
Aforementioned mixer/dac circuit is made of four phase switch units, double flat weighing apparatus mixing unit and tail current source Is, wherein
Aforementioned four phases switch unit can realize the basic function of DAC, by metal-oxide-semiconductor M1, metal-oxide-semiconductor M2, metal-oxide-semiconductor M3 and
Metal-oxide-semiconductor M4 is constituted, and four source is all connected to the drain terminal of tail current source Is, wherein metal-oxide-semiconductor M1 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M4 are a pair of poor
The drain terminal of switch-dividing, the two links together, and metal-oxide-semiconductor M2 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M3 are another pair differential switch, and the drain terminal of the two also connects
Together, control signal G1, control signal G2, control signal G3 and control signal G4 are respectively to metal-oxide-semiconductor M1, metal-oxide-semiconductor M2, MOS
Tetra- differential switch of pipe M3 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M4 are controlled；
Aforementioned double flat weighing apparatus mixing unit can realize signal mixing, be realize combination and will be electric in the output node of element circuit
Circulation changes voltage into, is made of metal-oxide-semiconductor M5, metal-oxide-semiconductor M6, metal-oxide-semiconductor M7 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M8, wherein metal-oxide-semiconductor M5's and metal-oxide-semiconductor M6
The grid that grid meets local oscillation signal LO, metal-oxide-semiconductor M7 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M8 connects opposite local oscillation signalMetal-oxide-semiconductor M5's and metal-oxide-semiconductor M8
Source links together and is connect simultaneously with the drain terminal of metal-oxide-semiconductor M1 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M4, and the source of metal-oxide-semiconductor M6 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M7 are connected to
It is connect together and simultaneously with the drain terminal of metal-oxide-semiconductor M2 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M3, the drain terminal of metal-oxide-semiconductor M5 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M7 are connected to difference output
The drain terminal of one end, metal-oxide-semiconductor M6 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M8 are connected to the other end of difference output；
The input signal of aforementioned secondary mixing RF-DAC structures is 4 digit numeric codes, and four phases switch is controlled by coding circuit
Unit is overturn, and realizes that transformation of the voltage signal to current signal, double flat weigh mixing unit using local oscillation signal control electric current, in electricity
Mixing is realized in basin, is finally realize combination in output node and is converted the current into voltage.
Secondary mixing RF-DAC structures above-mentioned, which is characterized in that aforementioned four phases switch unit is in every half of clock cycle
Have and only a pair of switches is connected, and exports do not change within a clock cycle.
The invention has the beneficial effects that：
(1) mixer/dac circuit is made of four phase switch units, double flat weighing apparatus mixing unit and tail current source Is, wherein four phases
Switch unit can realize that the basic function of DAC, double flat weighing apparatus mixing unit can realize signal mixing, in the output of element circuit
Node realize combination and converts the current to voltage, so mixer/dac circuit, which is equivalent to, is integrated with DAC units and frequency mixer list
Member, therefore, secondary mixing RF-DAC structures of the invention can not only reduce cost, but also can reduce area and power consumption,
The more convenient system integration；
(2) the of the invention secondary mixing RF-DAC structure fusions advantage of DAC and frequency mixer, can be in the big bandwidth of high frequency
In the case of realize the higher linearity, to improve the overall performance of radio frequency sending set.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the signal link figure of traditional radio frequency sending set；
Fig. 2 is the signal link figure of the radio frequency sending set of secondary mixing RF-DAC structures using the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the secondary mixing RF-DAC structures in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the working timing figure of base band DAC patterns；
Fig. 5 (a) is the working timing figure of a mixed-mode；
Fig. 5 (b) is the spectrum diagram of the input/output signal of a mixed-mode；
Fig. 6 (a) is the working timing figure of secondary mixing pattern；
Fig. 6 (b) is the spectrum diagram of the input/output signal of secondary mixing pattern.
Specific implementation mode
Specific introduce is made to the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
First, the composition of the secondary mixing RF-DAC structures of the present invention is introduced.
With reference to Fig. 3, secondary mixing RF-DAC structures of the invention include：Coding circuit and mixer/dac circuit two large divisions.
One, coding circuit
Sampled clock signal CLK and input signal DATA generates control signal G1, control signal G2, control by coding circuit
Signal G3 processed and control signal G4.Wherein, control signal G1=DATA＆CLK, control signalControl
Signal processedControl signal
Two, mixer/dac circuit
The circuit is integrated with DAC units and mixing unit, can be achieved at the same time DAC functions and mixing function.
The structure of mixer/dac circuit is described in detail below.
Mixer/dac circuit is made of four phase switch units, double flat weighing apparatus mixing unit and tail current source Is.
1, four phase switch unit
Four phase switch units can realize the basic function of DAC, by metal-oxide-semiconductor M1, metal-oxide-semiconductor M2, metal-oxide-semiconductor M3 and metal-oxide-semiconductor
M4 is constituted.Wherein：
(1) source of metal-oxide-semiconductor M1, metal-oxide-semiconductor M2, metal-oxide-semiconductor M3 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M4 are all connected to the leakage of tail current source Is
End；
(2) metal-oxide-semiconductor M1 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M4 is a pair of of differential switch, and the drain terminal of the two links together；
(3) metal-oxide-semiconductor M2 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M3 is another pair differential switch, and the drain terminal of the two also links together；
(4) control signal G1, control signal G2, control signal G3 and control signal G4 respectively to metal-oxide-semiconductor M1, metal-oxide-semiconductor M2,
Tetra- differential switch of metal-oxide-semiconductor M3 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M4 are controlled.
Have in every half of clock cycle and only a pair of switches is connected, and exports do not change within a clock cycle
Become, i.e., is overturn in all only a pair of of differential switch of every half of clock cycle, and another pair differential switch remains turned-off.Control
Signal G1, control signal G2, control signal G3 and control signal G4 determine that output current is switched to mutually from one end before
The other end of benefit has still only only flowed into another switch of the same output end of connection.The traditional difference of overall output logical AND
It switchs identical.
Using suitable decoding so that switch is overturn in each sampling period, then being generated in this switching process
Noise just appear in higher frequency band, improve the linearity to reduce high frequency distortion far from carrier frequency band.
2, double flat weighing apparatus mixing unit
Double flat weighing apparatus mixing unit can realize the mixing of current field, be realize combination and will be electric in the output node of element circuit
Circulation changes voltage into, is made of metal-oxide-semiconductor M5, metal-oxide-semiconductor M6, metal-oxide-semiconductor M7 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M8.Wherein,
(1) grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor M5 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M6 connect local oscillation signal LO, metal-oxide-semiconductor M7 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M8 grid connect it is opposite
Local oscillation signal
(2) source of metal-oxide-semiconductor M5 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M8 link together, and at the same time the drain terminal with metal-oxide-semiconductor M1 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M4
Connection；
(3) source of metal-oxide-semiconductor M6 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M7 link together, and at the same time the drain terminal with metal-oxide-semiconductor M2 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M3
Connection；
(4) drain terminal of metal-oxide-semiconductor M5 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M7 are connected to one end of difference output, the drain terminal of metal-oxide-semiconductor M6 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M8
It is connected to the other end of difference output.
The present invention double flat weighing apparatus mixing unit with routine the main distinction for being mixed structure be：Input signal is different.Normal
In the Gilbert cell of rule, input signal is often low intermediate frequency signal, and in the double flat of present invention weighing apparatus mixing unit, input letter
Number be 4 digit numeric codes.Therefore the mode for analyzing two kinds of circuits is also different, and conventional mixing structure input metal-oxide-semiconductor is operated in saturation
Area, and the double flat weighing apparatus mixing unit of the present invention inputs metal-oxide-semiconductor with switch mode operation.
The double flat weighing apparatus mixing unit of the present invention, mainly completes three functions：
(1) base band or voltage intermediate frequency signal are converted to current signal；
(2) electric current for utilizing local oscillation signal control base band or intermediate-freuqncy signal, realizes in current field and is mixed；
(3) current signal after mixing is converted into voltage signal, the radio frequency voltage signal after being finally mixed.
3, the four phase switch units relationship between the two with double flat weighing apparatus mixing unit
The input signal of secondary mixing RF-DAC structures is 4 digit numeric codes, passes through the appropriate coding-control four of coding circuit
, it can be achieved that voltage signal is to the transformation of current signal, the double flat mixing unit that weighs utilizes local oscillation signal control for the overturning of phase switch unit
Electric current processed is realized in current field and is mixed, finally realize combination in output node and convert the current into voltage.
Next, introducing the operating mode of the secondary mixing RF-DAC structures of the present invention.
The present invention secondary mixing RF-DAC structures DAC and mixing function are integrated, by it is appropriate decoding and
Input signal is controlled, base band DAC can be operated in, be once mixed, under secondary mixing Three models.
The operation principle for analyzing these three patterns in detail below.
One, base band DAC patterns
By in secondary mixing RF-DAC structures shown in Fig. 3 local oscillation signal LO and opposite local oscillation signalIt is all connected with
On fixed level, input signal DATA and sampled clock signal CLK, the input signal DATA in the present embodiment are 0011, are led to
The control signal that coding circuit generates four phase switch units is crossed, is denoted as control signal G1, control signal G2, control signal G3 respectively
With control signal G4, this four control signals go respectively the control metal-oxide-semiconductor M1 of four phase switch units, metal-oxide-semiconductor M2, metal-oxide-semiconductor M3 and
The turn-on and turn-off of this four metal-oxide-semiconductors of metal-oxide-semiconductor M4, wherein metal-oxide-semiconductor M1 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M4 are a pair of of differential switch, metal-oxide-semiconductor M2 and
Metal-oxide-semiconductor M3 is another pair differential switch.In every half of clock cycle, all only a pair of of differential switch is overturn, and another pair
Differential switch is held off, and it is to be switched to the other end from one end before, or be only to control signal deciding output current
Flow into another switching tube of the same end.Have in every half of clock cycle and only a pair of switches is connected, and in a clock
Output does not change in period.In the present embodiment, metal-oxide-semiconductor M2 conductings, metal-oxide-semiconductor M 3 are turned off within preceding half of clock cycle,
In back to back second half of the cycle metal-oxide-semiconductor M2 shutdown, metal-oxide-semiconductor M 3 be connected, at this time electric current be all flow to the same load, so
It exports and does not change in one cycle, to realize base band DAC patterns, the work schedule of the pattern is as shown in Figure 4.
Using this structure switch is overturn in each sampling period, switch activity is not determined by input data, thus
It is appeared in higher frequency band in the noise that switching process generates, to reduce distortion, the higher linearity can be obtained.
Two, a mixed-mode
By in secondary mixing RF-DAC structures local oscillation signal LO and opposite local oscillation signalIt is still attached to fixed electricity
On flat, input signal DATA and sampled clock signal CLK, and when input signal DATA at this time is by every half of coding appropriate
The clock period changes, and the input signal DATA in the present embodiment is 1001.Sampled clock signal CLK and input signal DATA is logical
It crosses coding circuit and generates four phase switch control signals to control four switches for being linked into difference output end two-by-two.Due to
Input data every half of clock cycle changes so that electric current is switched to from one end in difference output end in one cycle
The other end, so that output voltage every half of clock cycle just changes, work schedule such as Fig. 5 (a) of the pattern is shown.
Metal-oxide-semiconductor M1 conductings, metal-oxide-semiconductor M3 shutdowns within preceding half of clock cycle in the present embodiment, and the metal-oxide-semiconductor within rear half of clock cycle
M1 shutdowns, metal-oxide-semiconductor M3 conductings, electric current has flowed to the other end from one end that difference output loads at this time, so in this clock week
Output voltage is changed in phase, to realize with fSCentered on frequency primary mixing.For more intuitive understanding
Optical mixing process, Fig. 5 (b) give in optical mixing process input, output signal spectrum diagram, input bandwidth is fBBase band letter
Number, the centre frequency of input signal is promoted to f by mixingSPlace, to realize primary mixing.
Three, secondary mixing pattern
Sampled clock signal CLK and input signal DATA is identical as the signal in an above-mentioned mixed-mode, and at this time
Local oscillation signal LO and opposite local oscillation signalAccess high-frequency local oscillation signal.An above-mentioned optical mixing process is completed first, then
By after primary mixing signal and local oscillation signal realize by dual balanced structure the secondary mixing of current field, when the work of the pattern
Shown in sequence such as Fig. 6 (a).In the present embodiment, input signal DATA is 1001, in the preceding half period metal-oxide-semiconductor of local oscillation signal LO
M1 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M5 conductings, and in the second half of the cycle metal-oxide-semiconductor M1 of local oscillation signal LO and metal-oxide-semiconductor M8 conductings, electric current is from differential load
One end transform to the other end, so output voltage is changed within a local oscillator clock cycle, to realize with fLO
Centered on secondary mixing.The process of secondary mixing can be got information about very much by spectrum diagram shown in Fig. 6 (b), it is defeated
Enter signal and centre frequency is promoted to f by being once mixed firstSPlace, then again by secondary mixing by centre frequency improve to
fS+fLOSignal can be mixed to very high frequency by place at this time, realize the direct transmitting of RF signals.
Finally, the application of the secondary mixing RF-DAC structures of the present invention is introduced.
With reference to Fig. 2, secondary mixing RF-DAC structures of the invention are widely used in radio-frequency transmitter machine.
Compared with traditional transmitter, the radio frequency sending set of secondary mixing RF-DAC structures using the present invention reduces one
A filter, it is only necessary to which a bandpass filter carries out passband selection, therefore reduces the length of signal chains, whole to can be improved
The performance of body transmitter.
It should be noted that the invention is not limited in any way for above-described embodiment, it is all to use equivalent replacement or equivalent change
The technical solution that the mode changed is obtained, all falls in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. secondary mixing RF-DAC structures, which is characterized in that including：
Coding circuit：Sampled clock signal CLK and input signal DATA generates control signal G1, control signal by coding circuit
G2, control signal G3 and control signal G4, wherein control signal G1=DATA＆CLK, control signal
Control signalControl signal
Mixer/dac circuit：It is integrated with DAC units and mixing unit, can be achieved at the same time DAC functions and mixing function；
The mixer/dac circuit is made of four phase switch units, double flat weighing apparatus mixing unit and tail current source Is, wherein
The four phases switch unit can realize the basic function of DAC, by metal-oxide-semiconductor M1, metal-oxide-semiconductor M2, metal-oxide-semiconductor M3 and metal-oxide-semiconductor
M4 is constituted, and four source is all connected to the drain terminal of tail current source Is, wherein metal-oxide-semiconductor M1 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M4 are that a pair of of difference is opened
It closes, the drain terminal of the two links together, and metal-oxide-semiconductor M2 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M3 are another pair differential switch, and the drain terminal of the two is also connected to one
It rises, control signal G1, control signal G2, control signal G3 and control signal G4 are respectively to metal-oxide-semiconductor M1, metal-oxide-semiconductor M2, metal-oxide-semiconductor M3
It is controlled with tetra- differential switch of metal-oxide-semiconductor M4；
Double flat weighing apparatus mixing unit can realize signal mixing, realize combination in the output node of element circuit and turn electric current
It changes voltage into, is made of metal-oxide-semiconductor M5, metal-oxide-semiconductor M6, metal-oxide-semiconductor M7 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M8, wherein the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor M5 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M6
The grid for meeting local oscillation signal LO, metal-oxide-semiconductor M7 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M8 connects opposite local oscillation signalThe source of metal-oxide-semiconductor M5 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M8
It links together and is connect simultaneously with the drain terminal of metal-oxide-semiconductor M1 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M4, the source of metal-oxide-semiconductor M6 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M7 link together
And connect simultaneously with the drain terminal of metal-oxide-semiconductor M2 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M3, the drain terminal of metal-oxide-semiconductor M5 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M7 are connected to the one of difference output
The drain terminal of end, metal-oxide-semiconductor M6 and metal-oxide-semiconductor M8 are connected to the other end of difference output；
The input signal DATA of the secondary mixing RF-DAC structures is that 4 digit numeric codes pass through coding circuit control using binary system
The overturning of four phase switch units is made, realizes that transformation of the voltage signal to current signal, double flat weighing apparatus mixing unit utilize local oscillation signal control
Electric current processed is realized in current field and is mixed, finally realize combination in output node and convert the current into voltage.
2. secondary mixing RF-DAC structures according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the four phases switch unit is per half
A clock cycle has and only a pair of switches is connected, and exports do not change within a clock cycle.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103368587A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2013-10-23 | 英特尔移动通信有限责任公司 | Transmitters and methods |
| CN103873062A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2014-06-18 | 英特尔移动通信有限责任公司 | RF-DAC cell and method for providing an RF output signal |
| CN103873077A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2014-06-18 | 英特尔移动通信有限责任公司 | Envelope Detector and Method for Detecting an Envelope of a Signal to be Amplified by a Power Amplifier |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103368587A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2013-10-23 | 英特尔移动通信有限责任公司 | Transmitters and methods |
| CN103873077A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2014-06-18 | 英特尔移动通信有限责任公司 | Envelope Detector and Method for Detecting an Envelope of a Signal to be Amplified by a Power Amplifier |
| CN103873062A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2014-06-18 | 英特尔移动通信有限责任公司 | RF-DAC cell and method for providing an RF output signal |
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