A kind of BJT types single phase full bridge controlled rectifier
Technical field
The present invention relates to rectification (AC-DC) circuit, applied to exchange input, the transformation of electrical energy occasion of direct current output, such as:It is micro-
Energy collecting system, grid-connected power generation system, battery charging system etc., especially a kind of single phase full bridge controlled rectifier.
Background technology
Rectification (AC-DC) circuit be it is a kind of AC energy can be converted into the circuit of direct current energy, using quite varied.Press
Exchange input number of phases classification, rectification circuit can be divided into single-phase circuit and polyphase circuit;Classify by circuit structure, rectification circuit can divide
For bridge circuit and zero formula circuit;By the device classification of composition, rectification circuit can be divided into uncontrollable circuit, half control circuit and full control
Circuit.
Mainly there are MOSFET and BJT suitable for the wholly-controled device of middle low power application scenario.In early days, the BJT of Si materials
There is larger drive loss, higher switching loss, larger device dynamic impedance.Therefore, in order to obtain low work(
Consumption, the single phase full bridge controlled rectifier of middle low power uses MOSFET mostly.But, MOSFET is voltage mode driver part,
Compared with current mode drive device BJT, MOSFET drive circuit of the drive circuit than BJT is more complicated.Especially in ultralow pressure
Or in the working environment of high pressure, the design difficulty of MOSFET drive circuits is quite big.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome MOSFET drive circuits complexity, drive efficiency in existing MOSFET types single phase full bridge controlled rectifier
Relatively low deficiency, the present invention provides a kind of simplified drive circuit, drive efficiency higher BJT type single-phase bridges full-controlled rectifier electricity
Road.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of BJT types single phase full bridge controlled rectifier, the rectification circuit is managed including input capacitance Ci, positive-negative-positive BJT
Q1, positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q2, NPN type BJT pipes Q3, NPN type BJT pipes Q4, NPN type BJT pipes Q5, output capacitance Co, diode D1, two
Pole pipe D2, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3 and for by control NPN type BJT pipes Q5 base current realize to positive-negative-positive BJT
The controlled current source M1 of the control of pipe Q1 and positive-negative-positive BJT pipe Q2 working conditions, input capacitance Ci one end are while and single phase ac
Power supply vac anode, diode D1 anode, positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q1 emitter stage and NPN type BJT pipes Q3 emitter stage phase
Even, positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q1 colelctor electrode simultaneously with resistance R2 one end, positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q2 colelctor electrode, output capacitance Co one
The anode at end, load Z1 one end and output voltage vo is connected, positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q1 base stage simultaneously with positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q2
Base stage and resistance R1 one end be connected, positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q2 emitter stage emitter stage simultaneously with NPN type BJT pipes Q4, two
The negative terminal of pole pipe D2 anode, the input capacitance Ci other end and single phase alternating current power supply vac is connected, NPN type BJT pipes Q3 collection
Electrode simultaneously with NPN type BJT pipes Q5 emitter stage, NPN type BJT pipes Q4 colelctor electrode, the output capacitance Co other end, load Z1
The other end and output voltage vo negative terminal be connected, NPN type BJT pipes Q5 colelctor electrode is connected with the resistance R1 other end, NPN
Type BJT pipes Q5 base stage is connected with resistance R3 one end and controlled current source M1 port a simultaneously, and the resistance R3 other end is same
When be connected with diode D1 negative electrode and diode D2 negative electrode, NPN type BJT pipes Q3 base stage is simultaneously another with resistance R2
End and NPN type BJT pipes Q4 base stage are connected.
Further, resistance R1 two ends parallel connection speed-up capacitor C1, resistance R2 two ends parallel connection speed-up capacitor C2, resistance R3 two ends are simultaneously
Join speed-up capacitor C3.The preferred scheme can accelerate the dynamic characteristic of the BJT types single phase full bridge controlled rectifier.
Further, the controlled current source M1 include NPN type BJT pipes Qa1, resistance Ra1, resistance Ra2, resistance Ra3 and
Electric capacity Ca1, NPN type BJT pipes Qa1 current collection extremely controlled current source M1 port a, NPN type BJT pipes Qa1 emitter stage is simultaneously
The negative terminal of one end, electric capacity Ca1 one end and output voltage vo with resistance Ra3 is connected, and NPN type BJT pipes Qa1 base stage is simultaneously
Be connected with resistance Ra2 one end and the resistance Ra3 other end, the resistance Ra2 other end simultaneously with resistance Ra1 one end and
The electric capacity Ca1 other end is connected, and the resistance Ra1 other end is connected with diode D1 negative electrode.The BJT types single-phase bridge is controlled entirely
Rectification circuit has input voltage over-voltage protecting function.
Further, the controlled current source M1 includes NPN type BJT pipes Qb1, diode Db1, resistance Rb1, resistance Rb2
With electric capacity Cb1, load Z1 one end is connected with output voltage vo anode, loads the Z1 other end simultaneously with diode Db1's
Anode and resistance Rb1 one end are connected, NPN type BJT pipes Qb1 current collection extremely controlled current source M1 port a, NPN type BJT
Pipe Qb1 emitter stage simultaneously with output voltage vo negative terminal, resistance Rb2 one end, electric capacity Cb1 one end and resistance Rb1
The other end is connected, and NPN type BJT pipes Qb1 base stage is while the other end and diode of the other end, electric capacity Cb1 with resistance Rb2
Db1 negative electrode is connected.The BJT types single phase full bridge controlled rectifier has output current current-limiting protection function.
The present invention technical concept be:With the development of novel semiconductor material device, the BJT of new material (such as SiC) is
Show less drive loss, it is very low resistance coefficient, faster switching speed, less temperature dependency, good
Short-circuit capacity and many advantages, such as in the absence of second breakdown.Using new in the single phase full bridge controlled rectifier of middle low power
The BJT of material, can not only obtain low-power consumption, but also can simplify the drive circuit of wholly-controled device.
Single phase full bridge controlled rectifier uses BJT, the advantage using BJT service behaviours can realize simultaneously circuit it is simple and
High efficiency.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in:BJT types single phase full bridge controlled rectifier, which has, turns AC energy
Change the ability of direct current energy into, circuit is simple, drive efficiency is high, be suitable for different control methods.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the basic electrical block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention accelerates the electrical block diagram after dynamic characteristic.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 5 is simulation work oscillogram of the embodiment of the present invention 1 when output capacitance Co capacitances are smaller.
Fig. 6 is simulation work oscillogram of the embodiment of the present invention 2 when output capacitance Co capacitances are smaller.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a kind of BJT types single phase full bridge controlled rectifier, the rectification circuit includes input capacitance
Ci, positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q1, positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q2, NPN type BJT pipes Q3, NPN type BJT pipes Q4, NPN type BJT pipes Q5, output capacitance
Co, diode D1, diode D2, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3 and for the base current by controlling NPN type BJT pipes Q5
Realize the controlled current source M1 of the control to positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q1 and positive-negative-positive BJT pipe Q2 working conditions, input capacitance Ci one end
Managed simultaneously with single phase alternating current power supply vac anode, diode D1 anode, positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q1 emitter stage and NPN type BJT
Q3 emitter stage is connected, positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q1 colelctor electrode simultaneously with resistance R2 one end, positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q2 colelctor electrode, defeated
The anode of one end for going out electric capacity Co, the one end for loading Z1 and output voltage vo is connected, positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q1 base stage simultaneously with
Positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q2 base stage and resistance R1 one end are connected, positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q2 emitter stage simultaneously with NPN type BJT pipes Q4
Emitter stage, diode D2 anode, the input capacitance Ci other end and single phase alternating current power supply vac negative terminal be connected, NPN type
BJT pipes Q3 colelctor electrode is simultaneously another with NPN type BJT pipes Q5 emitter stage, NPN type BJT pipes Q4 colelctor electrode, output capacitance Co
The negative terminal of one end, the other end for loading Z1 and output voltage vo is connected, and NPN type BJT pipes Q5 colelctor electrode is another with resistance R1's
One end is connected, and NPN type BJT pipes Q5 base stage is connected with resistance R3 one end and controlled current source M1 port a simultaneously, resistance
The R3 other end is connected with diode D1 negative electrode and diode D2 negative electrode simultaneously, NPN type BJT pipes Q3 base stage and meanwhile with
The resistance R2 other end and NPN type BJT pipes Q4 base stage are connected.
Further, resistance R1 two ends parallel connection speed-up capacitor C1, resistance R2 two ends parallel connection speed-up capacitor C2, resistance R3 two ends are simultaneously
Join speed-up capacitor C3.The preferred scheme can accelerate the dynamic characteristic of the BJT types single phase full bridge controlled rectifier.
Embodiment 1:Reference picture 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, the embodiment of the present invention 1 have input voltage over-voltage protecting function, and it is by defeated
Enter electric capacity Ci, it is positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q1, positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q2, NPN type BJT pipes Q3, NPN type BJT pipes Q4, NPN type BJT pipes Q5, defeated
Go out electric capacity Co, diode D1, diode D2, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, controlled current source M1 compositions.Wherein, controlled electricity
Stream source M1 is made up of NPN type BJT pipes Qa1, resistance Ra1, resistance Ra2, resistance Ra3, electric capacity Ca1 again.
As shown in figure 3, input capacitance Ci one end simultaneously with single phase alternating current power supply vac anode, diode D1 anode,
Positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q1 emitter stage and NPN type BJT pipes Q3 emitter stage are connected, positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q1 colelctor electrode simultaneously with electricity
Hinder R2 one end, positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q2 colelctor electrode, output capacitance Co one end, the one end for loading Z1 and output voltage vo
Anode is connected, and positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q1 base stage is connected with positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q2 base stage and resistance R1 one end simultaneously, positive-negative-positive
BJT pipes Q2 emitter stage simultaneously with the other end of NPN type BJT pipes Q4 emitter stage, diode D2 anode, input capacitance Ci with
And single phase alternating current power supply vac negative terminal is connected, NPN type BJT pipes Q3 colelctor electrode emitter stage simultaneously with NPN type BJT pipes Q5,
NPN type BJT pipes Q4 colelctor electrode, the output capacitance Co other end, the other end for loading Z1 and output voltage vo negative terminal phase
Even, NPN type BJT pipes Q5 colelctor electrode is connected with the resistance R1 other end, and NPN type BJT pipes Q5 base stage is simultaneously with resistance R3's
One end and controlled current source M1 port a is connected, the negative electrode and diode of the resistance R3 other end simultaneously with diode D1
D2 negative electrode is connected, the other end and NPN type BJT pipes Q4 base stage phase of NPN type BJT pipes Q3 base stage simultaneously with resistance R2
Even, NPN type BJT pipes Qa1 current collection extremely controlled current source M1 port a, NPN type BJT pipes Qa1 emitter stage are while and resistance
The negative terminal of Ra3 one end, electric capacity Ca1 one end and output voltage vo is connected, and NPN type BJT pipes Qa1 base stage is simultaneously and resistance
Ra2 one end and the resistance Ra3 other end are connected, resistance Ra2 other end one end simultaneously with resistance Ra1 and electric capacity
The Ca1 other end is connected, and the resistance Ra1 other end is connected with diode D1 negative electrode.
Fig. 5 is simulation work oscillogram of the embodiment of the present invention 1 when output capacitance Co capacitances are smaller, and its steady operation is former
Reason is as follows:
Work as vac<When 0, single phase alternating current power supply vac is in negative half period (i.e. ta1<t<ta4);Work as vac>When 0, single-phase alternating current
Source vac is in positive half cycle (i.e. ta4<t<ta7).Q4 is in the positive half cycle conductings of AC power vac, negative half period cut-off, and Q3 is in alternating current
The positive half cycle cut-offs of source vac, negative half period conducting.
When vac crest voltage<During setting voltage Vi1 (VBE_Qa1 is NPN
Type BJT pipes Qa1 base-emitter conducting voltage), input voltage over-voltage protecting function does not come into force.In this case, NPN
Type BJT pipes Qa1 is in cut-off state all the time.Because of D1, D2 and R3 effect, Q5 is turned on all the time.Q1 and Q4 are in single phase alternating current power supply
The positive half cycle conductings of vac, negative half period cut-off, Q2 and Q3 are in the positive half cycle cut-offs of single phase alternating current power supply vac, negative half period conducting, output electricity
Press vo ≈ | vac |.
When vac crest voltage>When setting voltage Vi1, input voltage over-voltage protecting function comes into force.Because of electric capacity Ca1 storage
Energy ability, (see the time period t a1 in Fig. 5 in portion of time section<t<ta2、ta3<t<ta4、ta4<t<ta5、ta6<t<
Ta7), NPN type BJT pipes Qa1 is in the conduction state.In this section in the period, because of Qa1 effect, Q5 cut-offs, in single phase ac
Q1 ends because of Q5 cut-off in the positive half cycles of power supply vac, and Q2 is cut because of Q5 cut-off in single phase alternating current power supply vac negative half periods
Only, output voltage vo ≈ 0.(see the time period t a2 in Fig. 5 in another part period<t<Ta3 and ta5<t<Ta6), electric capacity
Ca1 causes its both end voltage to be fallen because of electric discharge, and NPN type BJT pipes Qa1 recovers cut-off state.In this section in the period, because D1,
D2 and R3 effect, Q5 recovers conducting state, and Q1 is turned on because of Q5 conducting in the positive half cycles of single phase alternating current power supply vac, in list
Q2 is turned on because of Q5 conducting in cross streams power supply vac negative half periods, output voltage vo>0.
Embodiment 2:Reference picture 1, Fig. 4 and Fig. 6, the embodiment of the present invention 2 have output current current-limiting protection function, and it is by defeated
Enter electric capacity Ci, it is positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q1, positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q2, NPN type BJT pipes Q3, NPN type BJT pipes Q4, NPN type BJT pipes Q5, defeated
Go out electric capacity Co, diode D1, diode D2, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, controlled current source M1 compositions.Wherein, controlled electricity
Stream source M1 is made up of NPN type BJT pipes Qb1, diode Db1, resistance Rb1, resistance Rb2, electric capacity Cb1 again.
As shown in figure 4, input capacitance Ci one end simultaneously with single phase alternating current power supply vac anode, diode D1 anode,
Positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q1 emitter stage and NPN type BJT pipes Q3 emitter stage are connected, positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q1 colelctor electrode simultaneously with electricity
Hinder R2 one end, positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q2 colelctor electrode, output capacitance Co one end, the one end for loading Z1 and output voltage vo
Anode is connected, and positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q1 base stage is connected with positive-negative-positive BJT pipes Q2 base stage and resistance R1 one end simultaneously, positive-negative-positive
BJT pipes Q2 emitter stage simultaneously with the other end of NPN type BJT pipes Q4 emitter stage, diode D2 anode, input capacitance Ci with
And single phase alternating current power supply vac negative terminal is connected, NPN type BJT pipes Q3 colelctor electrode emitter stage simultaneously with NPN type BJT pipes Q5,
The negative terminal of NPN type BJT pipes Q4 colelctor electrode, the output capacitance Co other end and output voltage vo is connected, NPN type BJT pipes Q5
Colelctor electrode be connected simultaneously with the resistance R1 other end, NPN type BJT pipes Q5 base stage at the same with resistance R3 one end and controlled
Current source M1 port a is connected, and the resistance R3 other end is connected with the negative electrode of diode D1 negative electrode and diode D2, NPN
Type BJT pipes Q3 base stage is connected with the base stage of the resistance R2 other end and NPN type BJT pipes Q4, loads the Z1 other end simultaneously
It is connected with diode Db1 anode and resistance Rb1 one end, NPN type BJT pipes Qb1 current collection extremely controlled current source M1's
Port a, NPN type BJT pipes Qb1 emitter stage simultaneously with output voltage vo negative terminal, resistance Rb2 one end, electric capacity Cb1 one end
And the resistance Rb1 other end is connected, the NPN type BJT pipes Qb1 base stage other end simultaneously with resistance Rb2, electric capacity Cb1 it is another
One end and diode Db1 negative electrode are connected.
Fig. 6 is simulation work oscillogram of the embodiment of the present invention 2 when output capacitance Co capacitances are smaller, and its steady operation is former
Reason is as follows:
Work as vac<When 0, single phase alternating current power supply vac is in negative half period (i.e. tb1<t<tb4);Work as vac>When 0, single-phase alternating current
Source vac is in positive half cycle (i.e. tb4<t<tb7).Q4 is in the positive half cycle conductings of single phase alternating current power supply vac, negative half period cut-off, and Q3 is in list
The positive half cycle cut-offs of cross streams power supply vac, negative half period conducting.
As output current io<During setting electric current Io1 (VBE_Qb1 is NPN type
BJT pipes Qb1 base-emitter conducting voltage, VDF_Db1 is diode Db1 forward conduction voltage drop), output current current limliting
Defencive function does not come into force.In this case (see the time period t b1 in Fig. 6<t<tb2、tb3<t<tb4、tb4<t<tb5、tb6<
t<Tb7), NPN type BJT pipes Qb1 is in cut-off state.Because of D1, D2 and R3 effect, Q5 is turned on, in single phase alternating current power supply vac just
Q1 is turned on because of Q5 conducting in half cycle, and Q2 is turned on because of Q5 conducting in single phase alternating current power supply vac negative half periods, output current
io≈|vac|/Z1。
When output current io rises and surmounts setting electric current Io1, output current current-limiting protection function comes into force.In such a feelings
(see the time period t b2 in Fig. 6 under condition<Tb3 and tb5<Tb6), NPN type BJT pipes Qb1 is in the conduction state.Because of Qb1 effect,
Though Q5 is turned on but in Linear Amplifer state, Q1 also locates because of Q5 Linear Amplifer state in the positive half cycles of single phase alternating current power supply vac
In Linear Amplifer state, Q2 is also at Linear Amplifer shape because of Q5 Linear Amplifer state in single phase alternating current power supply vac negative half periods
State, output current io is clamped, i.e. io ≈ Io1.
Content described in this specification embodiment is only enumerating to the way of realization of inventive concept, protection of the invention
Being not construed as of scope is only limitted to the concrete form that embodiment is stated, protection scope of the present invention is also and in this area skill
Art personnel according to present inventive concept it is conceivable that equivalent technologies mean.