CN105137585B - Method for generating tunable non-gradient optical force on chalcogenide metal multilayer core-shell surface by linearly polarized non-planar optical waves - Google Patents
Method for generating tunable non-gradient optical force on chalcogenide metal multilayer core-shell surface by linearly polarized non-planar optical waves Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for generating tunable non-gradient optical force on the surface of a chalcogenide metal multilayer core-shell by linearly polarized non-planar light waves is characterized in that under the irradiation of the linearly polarized non-planar light waves, the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell deviates from the center of an incident optical axis to destroy the symmetrical distribution of the boscalid vectors around the multilayer core-shell, so that the total boscalid vector on the multilayer core-shell is not zero, and non-gradient optical force is generated; then, the direction and the size of a total bosttin vector on the multilayer core-shell are changed by changing the lattice structure of the chalcogenide, and the direction and the size of a non-gradient optical force acted on the multilayer core-shell by the total bosttin vector are further changed, so that the motion track of the multilayer core-shell in an incident light field is regulated and controlled, and the technical scheme of tunable capture and screening of nano-sized molecules attached to the surface of the multilayer core-shell is carried out. Wherein the lattice structure of the chalcogenide in the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell is changed by means of light, electricity, heat, pressure, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for generating tunable non-gradient optical force on the surface of a chalcogenide metal multilayer core-shell by linearly polarized non-planar optical waves, which is a method for generating tunable non-gradient optical force on the surface of a chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell by linearly polarized non-planar optical waves and can be applied to the fields of biology, medicine, nano control and the like.
Background
Optical capture and screening of tiny objects has been a focus of research in the optical field. Optical gradient forces play an important role in various optical trapping techniques, such as optical tweezers and optical bundling, etc. achieved by optical gradient forces. However, optical gradient forces have the disadvantages of complex generation equipment, non-tunability, and difficulty in capturing and screening nanometer-sized molecules. In 2008, ward, t.j. et al suggested that chiral molecules with nanometer size could be captured and separated by optical gradient force generated by circularly polarized light. However, the circularly polarized incident light still needs to be generated by using complex equipment, which is not favorable for the practical application of the system; and the nano-molecules captured and separated by the nano-molecules have chiral structures, so that the range of action objects of the nano-molecules is limited. Therefore, the invention proposes to cover the surface of the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with nano-sized molecules, so that the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell can generate non-gradient optical force around the multilayer core-shell under the irradiation of linearly polarized non-planar light waves; then, the characteristic that the chalcogenide lattice structure changes along with the change of an external optical field, an electric field, a temperature field and a pressure field is utilized to tune the size and the direction of the non-gradient optical force applied to the multilayer core-shell, so that the capture and the screening of the nanometer-sized molecules attached to the surface of the multilayer core-shell are realized, wherein the nanometer-sized molecules can be in a non-chiral structure.
Object of the Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the traditional method for capturing and screening nano-sized molecules by utilizing gradient optical force is complex in incident light source (namely, the incident light is required to be circularly polarized or elliptically polarized), limited in screening object (namely, the nano-sized molecules are required to have chiral structures), untuneable in gradient optical force generated by circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light, difficult to capture the nano-sized achiral molecules and the like, and provides a method for capturing and screening the achiral nano-sized molecules by utilizing the non-gradient optical force generated by linearly polarized light, which has the advantages of simple system, convenience in operation, super sensitivity, super rapidness, active tuning and the like, and can be used in the fields of biology, medicine, nano control and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows:
under the vertical irradiation of the linear polarization non-planar light wave, the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell deviates from the center of an incident light axis (z axis) to destroy the symmetrical distribution of the boston vectors around the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell, so that the total boston vector on the multilayer core-shell is not zero to generate a non-gradient optical force; the total vitreogtin vector is changed along with the change of the lattice structure of chalcogenide, and further the direction and the size of non-gradient optical force of the total vitreogtin vector acting on the multilayer core-shell are changed to regulate and control the motion trail of the multilayer core-shell in an incident light field, so that the tunable capture and screening of nanometer-sized molecules attached to the surface of the multilayer core-shell are carried out, wherein the multilayer core-shell is positioned in an incident light beam, the distance deviating from the central symmetry axis (z axis) of the light beam along the incident direction is l (0 & ltinfinity & lt l & lt/ltoreq w (z)), w (z) is the width of the incident light beam, and the change is carried out along with the change of z (& ltinfinitive & lt z & gtz & lt); the multilayer core-shell is formed by alternately growing metal layers and chalcogenide layers, the number of the layers is n (n is more than 1), and the thickness of each layer is 1 nanometer to 1 micrometer; the shape of the multilayer core-shell can be a spherical body, an ellipsoid, a cylinder, a cone and other curved surface geometric bodies or a prism, a cube, a cuboid and other polyhedrons, and the volume is 1 cubic nanometer to 1000 cubic micrometers; the centers of the core and shell in the multi-layered core-shell may overlap or be separated.
The incident light is characterized in that the incident light is linearly polarized non-planar waves, and the types of the incident light comprise Gaussian waves, bessel waves, airy waves and the like; incident light perpendicularly irradiates the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell; the frequency range is 0.3-20 μm; the power range is 0.1 mW/mum 2 ～10mW/μm 2 。
The light source adopts a wavelength tunable laser, a semiconductor continuous or quasi-continuous laser or a light emitting diode.
The chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with nanometer-sized molecules attached to the surface is characterized in that the metal layer is Al, ag, au, cu, ni, pt and the like.
The chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with nanometer-sized molecules attached to the surface is characterized in that the chalcogenide layer is GeTe or Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 ，Ge 1 Sb 2 Te 4 ，Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 4 ，Ge 3 Sb 4 Te 8 ，Ge 15 Sb 85 ，Ag 5 In 6 Sb 59 Te 30 。
The chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with nanometer-sized molecules attached to the surface can have an achiral structure or a chiral structure, such as antigens, antibodies, enzymes, hormones, amines, peptides, amino acids, vitamins and the like.
The chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with nanometer-sized molecules attached to the surface is realized by a material growth process, which comprises electron beam evaporation, metal organic compound chemical vapor deposition, vapor phase epitaxial growth and molecular beam epitaxy.
The chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with nanometer-sized molecules attached to the surface can change the lattice structure of chalcogenide in the shell by means of light, electricity, heat, pressure and the like.
The system of the present invention consists of a light source, a microscope and an optical force display. Before testing, the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with the nanometer-sized molecules attached to the surface is placed in a sample pool filled with water or oil, under the vertical irradiation of linearly polarized non-planar light waves, the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell is deviated from the center of an incident optical axis (z axis), the symmetrical distribution of the boston vectors around the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell is damaged, the total boston vector on the multilayer core-shell is not zero, and non-gradient optical force is generated; then, the direction and the size of the non-gradient optical force of the total bosttin vector acting on the multilayer core-shell are changed by changing the lattice structure of the chalcogenide to regulate and control the motion track of the multilayer core-shell in an incident light field, so that the tunable capture and screening of the nano-sized achiral molecules attached to the surface of the multilayer core-shell are performed. The microscope can be used for observing the motion track generated by the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with the nanometer-sized achiral molecules attached on the surface under the action of incident light. The microscope may be a normal fluorescence vertical or upright microscope.
The system can realize tunable capture and screening of the object with the nano-sized achiral structure through simple linearly polarized light. The method overcomes the problems that an incident light source is complex (namely, the incident light is required to be circularly polarized or elliptically polarized), a screening object is limited (namely, the nano-sized molecules are required to have chirality), the gradient optical force generated by circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light is not tunable, the nano-sized molecules are difficult to capture and the like in the traditional method of capturing and screening the nano-sized molecules by utilizing the gradient optical force, has the advantages of simple system, convenience in operation, super sensitivity, super rapidness, active tuning and the like, and can be used in the fields of biology, medicine, nano control and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with nanoscale molecules attached to the surface.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a process for capturing chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shells with nanoscale molecules attached to the surface by non-gradient optical force generated by linearly polarized light.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system test for a chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with nanoscale molecules attached to its surface that can be trapped by linearly polarized light without optical gradient.
In the figure: 1 chalcogenide layer, 2 metal layer, 3 chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell, 4 nanometer size molecules, 5 light source, 6 microscope, 7 optical force display, 8 sample cell, 9 temperature controller, 10CCD camera, 11 monitor, 12 computer, 13 video recorder.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical contents of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the technical solutions and the accompanying drawings. The material growth technology comprises the following steps: electron beam evaporation, chemical vapor deposition of metal organic compounds, vapor phase epitaxy, and molecular beam epitaxy.
Example 1
First, n layers (n > 1) of chalcogenide layers 1, metal layers 2, and alternating chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shells 3 are produced by a material growth process, as shown in fig. 1 (a). Wherein the geometry and size of the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 can be determined using algorithms such as finite time domain difference method, finite element method, etc.
Next, a nano-sized molecule 4 is attached to the outer surface of the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3, as shown in fig. 1 (b).
Then, the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 with the nano-sized molecules 4 attached to the surface thereof is placed at a distance l (0 </l ≦ w (z)) from the central symmetry axis (z axis) of the incident light wave, where w (z) is the incident light beam width, and changes with z (∞ < z < + >) and when the incident light is a linearly polarized non-planar wave and the chalcogenide layer 1 is in an amorphous state, the bosttin vector around the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3, which is located at a position offset from the central symmetry axis of the incident light wave, is in an asymmetric distribution, i.e., the total bosttin vector on the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 is not zero, and a non-gradient optical force directed to the periphery of the light beam is generated, so that the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 is moved toward the periphery of the light beam, and the nano-sized molecules 4 attached to the surface of the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 are further moved toward the periphery of the light beam, as shown in fig. 2 (a).
Then, the non-crystalline state of the chalcogenide layer 1 is transformed into a crystalline state by means of illumination, energization, heating, pressurization and the like, so that the vector direction and the size of the total boston on the surface of the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 are changed, a non-gradient optical force pointing to the center of the light beam is generated, and the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 drives the nano-sized molecules 4 attached to the surface of the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell to move towards the center of the light beam, as shown in fig. 2 (b).
Finally, the chalcogenide layer 1 is changed from the crystalline state to the amorphous state by cooling, illumination and other manners, at this time, the non-gradient optical force applied to the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 is changed back to the outside, and the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 drives the nano-sized molecules 4 to move to the periphery of the light beam, as shown in fig. 2 (c).
Therefore, the movement track of the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 in an incident optical field is controlled by changing the lattice structure of the chalcogenide, and finally tunable capture and screening of the nanometer-sized molecules 4 attached to the surface of the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 are realized.
The system of the invention is mainly composed of a light source 5, a microscope 6 and an optical force display 7. Before testing, the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 with the nanometer-sized molecules 4 attached to the surface can be placed in a sample cell 8, and a light source 5 generates linearly polarized non-planar waves which are emitted to the sample cell 8, so that the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 with the nanometer-sized molecules 4 attached to the surface can be captured and manipulated. The microscope 6 can be used to observe the motion trajectory of the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 with the nanoscale molecules 4 attached to its micro-surface under the action of incident light. The non-gradient optical force generated by the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 with the nano-sized molecules 4 attached to the surface by the linearly polarized non-planar wave is measured by the optical force display 7. The system of the invention also comprises a temperature controller 9, a CCD camera 10, a monitor 11, a computer 12, a video recorder 13 and the like (shown in figure 3). The chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 with the nano-sized molecules 4 attached to the surface under the irradiation of linearly polarized non-planar waves is monitored in real time by using a CCD camera 10, and the obtained video signal is displayed on a display. The video recorder 13 can be used to record images. The sample cell 8 is connected to a temperature controller 9 so that the lattice structure of chalcogenide in the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell 3 having the nano-sized molecules 4 attached to the surface thereof changes according to the temperature change of the sample cell 8. The computer 12 may store field of view information acquired by the microscope 6.
The foregoing is a description of the principles and embodiments of the invention, and equivalents to be employed in accordance with the concepts of the invention are intended to fall within the scope of the invention unless otherwise claimed.
Claims (7)
1. A method for generating tunable non-gradient optical force on the surface of a chalcogenide metal multilayer core-shell by linearly polarized non-planar light waves is characterized in that under the irradiation of the linearly polarized non-planar light waves, the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell is deviated from the center of an incident light axis (z axis), so that the symmetric distribution of boscalid vectors around the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell is destroyed, the total boscalid vector on the multilayer core-shell is not zero, and non-gradient optical force is generated; the total boscalid vector changes along with the change of the lattice structure of the chalcogenide, so that the direction and the size of non-gradient optical force of the total boscalid vector acting on the multilayer core-shell are changed, the motion trail of the multilayer core-shell in an incident light field is regulated and controlled, and the tunable capture and screening of the nanometer size molecules attached to the surface of the multilayer core-shell are performed, wherein the multilayer core-shell is positioned in an incident light beam, the distance of the multilayer core-shell deviated from the central symmetry axis (z axis) of the light beam along the incident direction is l, and l is more than 0 and less than or equal to w (z); w (z) is the incident beam width, and changes along with the change of z, wherein z is more than infinity and less than infinity; the multilayer core-shell is formed by alternately growing metal layers and chalcogenide layers, the number of the layers is n, n is more than 1, and the thickness of each layer is 1 nanometer to 1 micrometer; the appearance of the multilayer core-shell is a curved surface geometry or polyhedron, and the volume is 1 cubic nanometer to 1000 cubic micrometers; a multi-layered core-shell in which the core overlaps or is separated from the center of the shell;
a chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with nano-sized molecules attached to the surface, in which the lattice structure of chalcogenide is changed by light irradiation, energization, heating and pressurization.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the incident light is linearly polarized non-planar waves of the type comprising gaussian, bessel, airy; incident light perpendicularly irradiates the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell; the frequency range is 0.3-20 μm; the power range is 0.1 mW/mum 2 ～10mW/μm 2 。
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the light source of the incident light is a wavelength tunable laser, a semiconductor continuous or quasi-continuous laser or a light emitting diode.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell has nanoscale molecules attached to its surface, and the metal layer is Al, ag, au, cu, ni, pt.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell having the nano-sized molecules attached to the surface thereof, and the chalcogenide layer is GeTe, ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 、Ge 1 Sb 2 Te 4 、Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 4 、Ge 3 Sb 4 Te 8 、Ge 15 Sb 85 、Ag 5 In 6 Sb 59 Te 30 。
6. The method according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5, characterized in that the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell is attached with nanosized molecules on its surface, the nanosized molecules having an achiral or chiral structure.
7. Method according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5, characterized in that the chalcogenide/metal multilayer core-shell with the nanometric sized molecules attached to its surface is obtained by a material growth process comprising magnetron sputtering, electron beam evaporation, metal organic chemical vapour deposition, vapour phase epitaxy, molecular beam epitaxy.
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