CN105137475B - A kind of coal mine work area real-time detection system and method based on belt feeder - Google Patents
A kind of coal mine work area real-time detection system and method based on belt feeder Download PDFInfo
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- CN105137475B CN105137475B CN201510593248.8A CN201510593248A CN105137475B CN 105137475 B CN105137475 B CN 105137475B CN 201510593248 A CN201510593248 A CN 201510593248A CN 105137475 B CN105137475 B CN 105137475B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of detection system and method, belong to coal mine work area stress monitor field, and in particular to a kind of coal mine work area real-time detection system and method based on belt feeder.The system and method regard the belt feeder in working face Yun Shun lanes as focus, geophone is all arranged in Yun Shunxiang and working face other side return airway, by the vibrations for recording certain time length, so as to obtain the higher earthquake big gun collection of signal to noise ratio, the VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION CT for obtaining working face is handled through tomography, the working face CT of each period is linked up to " cloud atlas " to be formed and changed over time, it becomes possible to find the exceptions area of Stress relief, send pre-warning signal.Therefore, the system and method can realize the long-term real-time stress scans of full face.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection system and method, belong to coal mine work area stress monitor field, and in particular to a kind of
Coal mine work area real-time detection system and method based on belt feeder.
Background technology
Coal work, which is emptied, can cause violent Stress relief behind under ground portion coal seam, to working face Stress relief situation
Real-time detection, being capable of effective early warning disaster accident.Mainly the inbreak including top plate, gas are dashed forward for the geological disaster of coal mine work area
Go out, the protrusion of artesian water etc., these disasters are primarily due to recovery activity and have broken the original stress in working face rock stratum
Balance, huge overlying formation pressure loses support at mined out position, and stress is constantly readjusted, the border in mined out region
On form obvious area of stress concentration, the stress arched upward on the bottom plate in mined out region is oriented.Strong stress changes can answered
The weak band of power concentration zones or rock stratum forms crack, and crack is often progressively interconnected, and ultimately causes gas or water
It is prominent, or roof collapse.
In the prior art, usually using drilling hole stress instrument measurement stress variation, but this method can only measure local change
Change, problem is scanned in the full face that can solve stress using seismic method.The change of stress can not be surveyed directly by Seismological Method
, but can indirectly be obtained using the change of seimic wave velocity.The velocity of wave of intact rock by rock density and Young's modulus
Determine, stress variation can cause obvious change to Young's modulus, so as to change the local velocity of wave of rock indirectly.
For there is the medium in crack or hole, stress causes the influence of the closed pair velocity of wave in crack etc. than more significant.If deposited in rock stratum
In the crack of saturated with fluid or hole, the speed ratio of shear wave and compressional wave is had than larger difference, compared with compressional wave, shear wave velocity
Presence for fluid is less sensitive, thus can not only detect the change of stress using the change of ripple ratio in length and breadth, Er Qieke
To find the change of medium anisotropy property.Because coal seam is yielding relative to country rock weakness, its velocity of wave changes to stress
The respond of change is stronger, therefore monitors using seismic method the velocity of wave in top, bottom plate and coal seam in real time and change, and can realize pair
Comprehensive scanning of working face terrane stress change.
The change of rock stratum medium parameter is monitored using seismic method, it is desirable to which focus and wave detector, which are tried one's best, to immobilize, because
The change of rock stratum medium is faint in itself, and the stability of measuring condition is most important for the detection of media variations.Wave detector
It is fixedly mounted on identical position and is easily done, and obtains a repeatable focus excited and then be less susceptible to.Generally
Dynamite source can all destroy blasthole, excite needs to punch again again, and hole position twice has some differences, and repeatability compares
Difference, unlikely realizes long term monitoring.The focus of long term monitoring will can be repeated several times excite, it is harmless to facility under mine, most
Normal coal mining activity can not also be influenceed well.The methods such as hammering are reusable but energy is too low.Coal-winning machine can also be used as shake
Source, has the disadvantage that position is not fixed, and is only confined to cut intraocular.The mechanicalness noise that belt conveyer is sent has high-energy, wideband
The characteristics of band, and with digging real time emission it can be converted into empty big gun collection using seismic interference method in real time, it is that working face is four-dimensional
The preferable focus of seismic sweep.The characteristics of problem and belt feeder run into for working face early warning is as a kind of effective focus, I
Investigated coal mine work area real-time detection method for early warning using belt feeder as focus.In order to strengthen the energy of belt feeder focus
Amount, devises a kind of additional hit and shakes device support, neither influence the original steadiness of mounting system, more high energy can be persistently inspired again
The seismic wave of amount.
The content of the invention
Excitated difficulty is repeated present invention aim to address focus present in prior art big, it is difficult to realize working face
The long-term technical problem monitored in real time there is provided a kind of coal mine work area real-time detection system and method based on belt feeder.
The system and method using the belt feeder in working face Yun Shun lanes as focus, in Yun Shunxiang and working face other side
Return airway all arranges geophone, by recording the vibrations of certain time length, so as to obtain the higher earthquake big gun of signal to noise ratio
Collection, the VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION CT for obtaining working face is handled through tomography, the working face CT of each period is linked up to be formed at any time
Between " cloud atlas " that changes, it becomes possible to find the exceptions area of Stress relief, send pre-warning signal.Therefore, the system and method can be with
Realize the long-term real-time stress scans of full face.
In order to solve the above problems, according to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of coal mine working based on belt feeder
Face real-time detection system, including：
Belt feeder, for producing the repeatable acoustic signals excited；
Wave detector, for receiving the acoustic signals that belt feeder is sent in search coverage；
Data processing equipment, for the acoustic signals received by wave detector to be converted into empty big gun collection and the empty big gun is utilized
Set pair working face carries out CT imagings.
Optimization, a kind of above-mentioned coal mine work area real-time detection system based on belt feeder, in addition to be installed on described
Shake device support is hit on belt feeder, the shake device support that hits includes：The upper bracket that is connected on belt feeder crossbeam, it is fixed on bottom plate
On lower carriage, upper bracket one end relative with the lower carriage connect together and gap coordinate.
In order to solve the above problems, there is provided a kind of coalman based on belt feeder according to another aspect of the present invention
Make face real-time detecting method, working face is detected using seismic interference method, with belt feeder in the seismic method
For focus.
Optimization, a kind of above-mentioned coal mine work area real-time detecting method based on belt feeder comprises the following steps：
Data collection steps, for the acoustic elasticity ripple sent using the wave detector collection belt feeder being installed in monitored area
Signal；
Data processing step, for the acoustic signals of belt feeder to be converted into empty big gun collection using seismic interference method, passes through void
Big gun set pair working face carries out CT imagings, in chronological order by CT image organizationals into Stress relief cloud atlas and difference cloud atlas；
Data analysis step, for by the Stress relief cloud atlas and the difference cloud atlas to possible Disasters Type and
Position is judged and early warning.
Optimization, a kind of above-mentioned coal mine work area real-time detecting method based on belt feeder, the data processing step
Specifically include：
Empty big gun collection changes sub-step, and the acoustic signals of belt feeder, which are converted into effective earthquake, using cross-correlation interference technique believes
Number, obtain being transmitted to the empty big gun collection of return airway from Yun Shunxiang；Recycle the point spread function of the empty big gun collection of multidimensional deconvolution interference compression
Number, obtains high-resolution empty big gun collection；
CT be imaged sub-step, for by empty big gun collection ray in working face alternate covering so as to working face carry out CT into
Picture；
Image procossing sub-step, by the chronological formation working face Stress relief cloud atlas of CT images, by initial CT images
Difference, which is carried out, with its follow-up CT image obtains difference cloud atlas.
Optimization, a kind of above-mentioned coal mine work area real-time detecting method based on belt feeder, the CT is imaged sub-step
In, when being imaged to return airway top plate and/or bottom plate, air way top plate and/or bottom plate shear wave are fetched, return airway top plate is calculated
And/or bottom plate shear wave sensitivity kernel function, carry out finite frequency tomography.
Optimization, a kind of above-mentioned coal mine work area real-time detecting method based on belt feeder, the CT is imaged sub-step
In, when being imaged to coal seam, coal seam slot wave is taken, swally wave sensitivity kernel function is calculated, finite frequency tomography is carried out.
Optimization, a kind of above-mentioned coal mine work area real-time detecting method based on belt feeder, described CT inversion algorithms
Selected from Bayes's inverting, ART, SIRT algorithm.
Therefore, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) can in real time and long term monitoring：It is repeatable to excite using belt feeder as focus, so as to realize full face
Real-time stress scans and monitoring and warning.
(2) it is widely applicable and cost is low：Belt feeder is the means of transport that each working face is all utilized, so this method is suitable
It is very wide and cost is low with face, at the same add it is additional hit the more efficient of earthquake-wave-exciting after shake device support, applicable surface is obtained
Further improve.
(3) transformed and destruction work face without needs：Shake device support, data acquisition and Transmission system are hit except addition is additional
Outside, any transformation or destruction will not be carried out to working face.
(4) it can interpolate that vertical upper VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION：Can be to roof and floor one on vertical using finite frequency tomography
The VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION for determining medium in scope is also judged, and common then tomography can only under the conditions of this signal acquisition
Make horizontal plane two-dimensional ct result.
(5) exhibition method is intuitively easy to judge：Result is shown using CT " cloud atlas " mode, facilitates the geology point of the line of colliery one
Analysis personnel intuitively quickly judge.
Brief description of the drawings
The coal-face and wave detector arrangement schematic diagram of Fig. 1 present invention；
The additional of Fig. 2 present invention hits shake device supporting structure and scheme of installation；
The empty big gun collection that the belt feeder vibration signal interference of Fig. 3 present invention is obtained；
The CT of first day obtained using empty big gun collection of Fig. 4 present invention；
The CT of second day obtained using empty big gun collection of Fig. 5 present invention.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, technical scheme is described in further detail.
In figure, shake device support 1 is hit, upper bracket 2, lower carriage 3 hits and shakes device gap 4, belt feeder crossbeam 5, belt conveyor support 6,
Belt 7, roadway floor 8.
Embodiment 1：
The coal mine work area real-time detection system and method based on belt feeder of the present embodiment be broadly divided into data acquisition with
Transmission, two parts of data processing, are described below respectively.
1. data acquisition and transmission
As shown in figure 1, first in the return airway on working face both sides and Yun Shun lanes arrangement wave detector.Return airway wave detector is installed
In the drilling of bottom plate or top plate, general 10m together, is installed if the problems such as being concerned with roof collapse or goaf is permeable
In top plate, if be concerned with Water Inrush dash forward gas the problems such as if be arranged on bottom plate in；The wave detector in Yun Shun lanes is arranged on
On the anchor pole of rib, fastened with adapter, anchor pole chosen distance belt feeder is nearer, it is higher so to collect signal to noise ratio
Source signal.Every 3 road wave detector accesses a data acquisition unit；Several data acquisition units access an optical transmitter and receivers, using optical fiber to
Ground real-time transmission data.
The vibrations of belt feeder have some uncertain as a kind of passive source, in the working face energy having enough,
The possible energy of some working faces is just inadequate, in order to extend the applicability of this method, and the present embodiment devises one kind and hits shake device support,
As shown in Figure 2.I.e. under conditions of original mounting system is not changed, in order to strengthen a set of mounting system of seismic signal installation,
The supporting leg of this support is made up of two parts：Upper bracket and lower carriage, upper bracket are connected with belt feeder crossbeam, lower carriage and lane
Road bottom plate is closely connected and the ability with adjustment length, is connected together between the two with sleeve pipe and rod-like members, centre has
Certain gap.When belt feeder works, two parts can form lasting shock impacts up and down, and the seismic wave energy sent is far high
In ordinary stent.During installation in order to reach it is best hit shake effect, the size in gap can be adjusted by lower length of stretching.Skin
Acquisition system opens work simultaneously when band machine is started working.
2nd, data processing
(1) observation system, input service face and wave detector coordinate are initially set up, is that following data processing is ready,
Required precision of the CT processing to space coordinate is higher；Cut the data also real-time update of eye propulsion, explained for data provide it is important according to
According to；
(2) the continuous mechanical vibrating noise of belt feeder is converted into effective seismic signal using seismic interference technology：Utilize
Time-domain the Method of Deconvolution compact wavelet, improves temporal resolution；Utilize belt feeder and the image source geophone group in Yun Shun lanes
Spatial relationship calculates point spread function；Then the point spread function shadow that wire focus is caused is eliminated using multidimensional the Method of Deconvolution
Ring, improve spatial resolution；The empty big gun collection of high s/n ratio is obtained by these processing, as shown in Figure 3；
(3) it is general just to obtain the higher empty big gun collection of signal to noise ratio using the data of 1 hour, need to choose when selecting data
Select belt feeder run and coal-winning machine is swept the coal stage, stronger interference is likely to result in during coal-winning machine coal breakage；Obtain empty big gun collection
CT imagings are carried out to working face afterwards, to the CT images of each period in chronological sequence arrangement form Stress relief cloud atlas, such as Fig. 4,
Fig. 5, difference cloud atlas is obtained on the basis of an initial CT by difference between follow-up CT.
(4) under conditions of the geologic information of abundant collection work face, analysis is with cutting Stress relief cloud under a propulsioning condition
The change of figure and difference cloud atlas, the big place of amplitude of variation is exactly the position that may occur accident, according to specific geological conditions
Make early warning judgement.
Above-mentioned seismic interference processing includes seismic interference technology, CT imagings.Seismic interference is to be converted into random noise
A kind of method of similar clock big gun collection, wherein：Cross-correlation interference technique is a kind of common method, can obtain the detection of Yun Shun lanes
Empty big gun collection between device and return airway wave detector, " empty big gun collection " refers to that the wave detector in Yun Shun lanes becomes a kind of " empty big gun "；Multidimensional
Deconvolution interference is a kind of new method, and can solve the problem that belt feeder focus is that wire focus, a point spread function make image resolution
The problem of rate degradation.
Embodiment 2：
The method that the present invention is implemented on width about 300m as shown in Figure 4 working face.
(1) one group of 54 wave detector, road spacing 10m are mounted with the bottom plate of return airway first；It is mounted with Yun Shunxiang
One group of 6 wave detector, road spacing is also 10m.Wave detector is arranged on Yun Shunxiang side wall, wave detector is using pair specially designed
Joint is docked to coal seam center or connect on paracentral anchor pole appears, and around tightens fixation with nut.
(2) when coal-cutting machinery is started working, start record system and do continuous record for a long time.
(3) data are handled：Observation system is initially set up, mechanicalness noise is converted into using cross-correlation interference technique
Effective seismic signal；Seismic wavelet is compressed using deconvolution interference technique, the higher big gun collection of resolution ratio is obtained；Bandpass filtering, point
The shear wave of high s/n ratio is separated out, as shown in Figure 3；Read shear wave then, then using Bayes's inverting to working face progress CT into
Picture, as illustrated in figures 4-5.
The application example demonstrates the feasibility of this method.Weak point is that the wave detector of Yun Shun lanes arrangement is insufficient, and
There are indivedual bad tracks, have impact on the accuracy of inverting, the difference of two days is than larger especially at the wave detector of close Yun Shun lanes.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to spirit explanation for example of the invention.Technology neck belonging to of the invention
The technical staff in domain can be made various modifications or supplement to described specific embodiment or be replaced using similar mode
Generation, but without departing from the spiritual of the present invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.
Shake device support 1 is hit although more having used herein, upper bracket 2, lower carriage 3 hits shake device gap 4, belt feeder is horizontal
Beam 5, belt conveyor support 6, belt 7, the grade term of roadway floor 8, but it is not precluded from the possibility using other terms.Use these
Term is used for the purpose of more easily describing and explaining the essence of the present invention；It is construed as any additional limitation all
Disagreed with spirit of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of coal mine work area real-time detection system based on belt feeder, it is characterised in that including：
Belt feeder, for producing the repeatable acoustic signals excited；
Wave detector, for receiving the acoustic signals that belt feeder is sent in search coverage；
Data processing equipment, for the acoustic signals received by wave detector to be converted into empty big gun collection and the empty big gun set pair is utilized
Working face carries out CT imagings；
Wherein, belt feeder includes the upper and lower support for being used to form continuous vibration shock when belt feeder works that gap coordinates；Its
In, lower carriage is installed on bottom plate.
2. a kind of coal mine work area real-time detection system based on belt feeder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also
Shake device support is hit including being installed on the belt feeder, the shake device support that hits includes：It is connected to upper on belt feeder crossbeam
Support, the lower carriage being fixed on bottom plate, upper bracket one end relative with the lower carriage connect together and gap
Coordinate.
3. a kind of coal mine work area real-time detection system based on belt feeder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that number
Following steps are performed according to processing equipment：
Data collection steps, for the acoustic signals sent using the wave detector collection belt feeder being installed in monitored area；
Data processing step, for the acoustic signals of belt feeder to be converted into empty big gun collection using seismic interference method, passes through empty big gun collection
CT imagings are carried out to working face, in chronological order by CT image organizationals into Stress relief cloud atlas and difference cloud atlas；
Data analysis step, for by the Stress relief cloud atlas and the difference cloud atlas to possible Disasters Type and position
Judge and early warning；
Also, the data processing step is specifically included：
Empty big gun collection changes sub-step, and the acoustic signals of belt feeder are converted into effective seismic signal using cross-correlation interference technique,
Obtain being transmitted to the empty big gun collection of return airway from Yun Shunxiang；The point spread function of the empty big gun collection of multidimensional deconvolution interference compression is recycled,
Obtain high-resolution empty big gun collection；
CT be imaged sub-step, for by empty big gun collection ray in working face alternate covering so as to working face carry out CT imagings；
Image procossing sub-step, by the chronological formation working face Stress relief cloud atlas of CT images, by initial CT images and its
Follow-up CT images carry out difference and obtain difference cloud atlas；
Also, in CT imaging sub-step, when being imaged to return airway top plate and/or bottom plate, fetch air way top plate and/or
Bottom plate shear wave, calculates return airway top plate and/or bottom plate shear wave sensitivity kernel function, carries out finite frequency tomography；
Also, in the CT imagings sub-step, when being imaged to coal seam, coal seam slot wave is taken, swally wave sensitivity core is calculated
Function, carries out finite frequency tomography.
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| CN108693561A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-10-23 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | The coal mining seismic acquisition system and method for array are segmented based on wave detector |
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| CN105652314B (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2018-05-25 | 大连理工大学 | Based on the definite method of the mine floor collapse dept of micro seismic monitoring |
| CN106291702A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-01-04 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of Time-lapse Seismic Monitoring method of mining areas of mine area of stress concentration |
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| CN101581789A (en) * | 2009-06-23 | 2009-11-18 | 刘盛东 | Mine working face inter-lane seismic wave CT detection method |
| CN102681004A (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2012-09-19 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Tunnel heading-along earthquake advanced detection device taking heading machine as earthquake focus and method thereof |
| CN102788995A (en) * | 2012-08-02 | 2012-11-21 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院 | Coal mine working face detecting method with cutting vibration as seismic signal |
| CN104111479A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-10-22 | 河北煤炭科学研究院 | Underground coal mine in-excavating channel wave seism fore-detection method |
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| CN108693561A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-10-23 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | The coal mining seismic acquisition system and method for array are segmented based on wave detector |
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