CN105136848B - Convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device and method - Google Patents

Convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device and method Download PDF

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CN105136848B
CN105136848B CN201510590847.4A CN201510590847A CN105136848B CN 105136848 B CN105136848 B CN 105136848B CN 201510590847 A CN201510590847 A CN 201510590847A CN 105136848 B CN105136848 B CN 105136848B
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gas
temperature value
air inlet
test chamber
particles thing
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CN105136848A (en
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周晓光
王文媛
刘相东
刘景云
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device and method, and the device includes:Air pump, heater, test chamber, controller, test chamber is used to deposit candidate particles thing, air inlet is provided with the top of test chamber, air inlet connects with the outlet side of heater, the inlet end of heater connects with the outlet side of air pump, and the bottom of test chamber is provided with ventilative grid;The first temperature sensor is provided with above air inlet, for testing the first temperature value of the gas from heater input air inlet, the first temperature value is transmitted to controller;Second temperature sensor is provided with below ventilative grid, for testing the second temperature value of the gas exported from ventilative grid, second temperature value is transmitted to controller;Controller is used for when the first temperature value is equal to second temperature value, and the convection transfer rate of candidate particles thing is obtained according to the first length of testing speech.Realize and obtain accurate convection transfer rate and convective transfer coefficient.

Description

Convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device and method
Technical field
The present embodiments relate to heating power switching technology, more particularly to a kind of convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient to survey Try device and method.
Background technology
At present, most particulate matters (such as grain) store to stack, go bad because of storage condition in order to avoid particulate matter, it is necessary to Periodically divulged information into particulate matter.
Because the storage condition of different particulate matters is different, the parameter divulged information into particulate matter (such as it is the temperature of wind, wet Degree, wind intensity etc.) it is also different, at present, it is determined that the parameter (temperature, humidity, wind intensity etc.) divulged information into particulate matter it It is preceding, it is necessary to first determine particulate matter convection transfer rate and convective transfer coefficient.
In the prior art, the convection transfer rate of particulate matter to be stored typically is obtained by the method for estimation and to spreading Matter coefficient, however, accurate convection transfer rate and convective transfer coefficient can not be obtained by the method for estimation.
The content of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device and method, is obtained with realizing Take accurate convection transfer rate and convective transfer coefficient.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device, including: Air pump, heater, test chamber, controller, wherein,
The test chamber is used to deposit candidate particles thing, and air inlet, the air inlet are provided with the top of the test chamber Connected with the outlet side of the heater, the inlet end of the heater connects with the outlet side of the air pump, the air Pump is used to extract gas, and by from the gas transport that the inlet end of the air pump extracts to the heater, the heater For being heated to gas, and by the air inlet by the gas transport after heating to the test chamber, the test The bottom of chamber is provided with ventilative grid, and the air grid is used to export the gas in the test chamber;
The first temperature sensor is provided with above the air inlet, the air inlet is inputted for testing from the heater Gas the first temperature value, and first temperature value is transmitted to the controller;
Second temperature sensor is provided with below the ventilative grid, for testing the gas exported from the ventilative grid The second temperature value of body, and the second temperature value is transmitted to the controller;
The controller is used for when first temperature value is equal to the second temperature value, is obtained according to the first length of testing speech Take the convection transfer rate of the candidate particles thing, first length of testing speech be gas input at the time of the air inlet extremely Duration between at the time of first temperature value is equal to the second temperature value.
Convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device as described above, described device also include humidifier, its In,
The inlet end of the humidifier connects with the outlet side of the air pump, and the outlet side of the humidifier adds with described The inlet end connection of hot device, the humidifier are used to carry out the gas that the air pump extracts humidification process, and by after humidification Air export to the heater, the heater gas after the humidification heated;Or the humidification The inlet end of device connects with the outlet side of the heater, and the outlet side of the humidifier connects with the air inlet, described to add Wet device is used to carry out the gas after heating humidification process, and will carry out the gas transport after heating and humidification process extremely The air inlet;
Accordingly, the first humidity sensor is additionally provided with above the air inlet, enters the air inlet for testing First humidity value of the gas of mouth, and first humidity value is transmitted to the controller, in the lower section of the ventilative grid The second humidity sensor is additionally provided with, spreads out of the second humidity value of gas from the ventilative grid for testing, and by described in Second humidity value is transmitted to the controller;
Accordingly, the controller is additionally operable to, when first temperature value is equal to the second temperature value, and the first humidity When value is equal to second humidity value, the convection transfer rate of the second length of testing speech and candidate particles thing is determined, and according to described The convection transfer rate of second length of testing speech and the candidate particles thing obtains the candidate particles thing convective transfer coefficient, described At the time of second length of testing speech is that the gas is inputted to the air inlet, it is equal to the second temperature to first temperature value Value and at the time of the first humidity value is equal to second humidity value between duration.
Convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device as described above, described device also include gas flow and adjusted Valve and gas mass flow gauge are saved, wherein,
The inlet end of the gas flow regulating valve connects with the outlet side of the air pump, for adjusting from the air The flow of pump output gas;
The gas mass flow gauge connects with the outlet side of the gas flow regulating valve, in cooling water of units of measurement time From the quality of the gas flow regulating valve output gas;
Accordingly, the controller is specifically used for, from the gas according to the first length of testing speech and in the unit interval The quality of flow control valve output gas obtains convection transfer rate, and/or, according to the second length of testing speech, the unit interval The interior quality from the gas flow regulating valve output gas obtains convective transfer coefficient.
Convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device as described above, the test chamber outer sheath are provided with tubular Support, insulation material, the second temperature sensor and described second are filled between the rack inner wall and the test chamber Humidity sensor is fixedly installed in the side wall of the support.
As described above convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device, the heater or the humidifier with Connected between the air inlet by breather line, first temperature sensor and first humidity sensor fixed setting In the side wall of the breather line.
Convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device as described above, the test chamber top are provided with removable The upper lid of dress, the air inlet are arranged on the upper tops.
Convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device as described above, the heater and the humidifier point It is not connected with the controller, the controller is additionally operable to the temperature for controlling the heater to heat gas, Yi Jisuo State the humidity that humidifier is humidified to gas.
Convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device as described above, the humidifier include:Humidification chamber, storage Water tank, atomising head, membrane pump and speed governing air pump;Wherein,
The water inlet end of the membrane pump connects with the storage tank, and the water side of the membrane pump connects with the humidification chamber It is logical, for the water in the storage tank to be evacuated into the humidification chamber;
The atomising head is located in the humidification chamber, for being atomized to the water in the humidification chamber;
The inlet end of the speed governing air pump connects with the outlet side of the outlet side of the air pump or the heater, institute The outlet side for stating speed governing air pump connects with the humidification chamber, and the speed governing air pump is used under the control of the controller, passes through Adjust the humidity that rotating speed control spreads out of gas from the humidification chamber.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient method of testing, the side Method includes applied to convection transfer rate as described in relation to the first aspect, convective transfer coefficient test device, methods described:
The first temperature value obtained by first temperature sensor measurement is obtained, and by the second temperature sensor Measure obtained second temperature value;
Obtain the first measurement duration, during first measurement a length of gas input at the time of the air inlet to described the Duration between at the time of one temperature value is equal to the second temperature value;
When first temperature value is equal to the second temperature value, obtained according to the described first measurement duration described to be measured The convection transfer rate of particulate matter.
Convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient method of testing as described above, in the acquisition by first temperature After the first temperature value that sensor measurement obtains, and the second temperature value obtained by the second temperature sensor measurement, Also include:
Obtained by gas mass flow gauge in the unit interval from the quality of the gas flow regulating valve output gas;
Accordingly, the convection transfer rate that the candidate particles thing is obtained according to the described first measurement duration, including:
Duration is measured according to described first and in the unit interval from the matter of the gas flow regulating valve output gas Amount obtains convection transfer rate.
Convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient method of testing as described above, it is described according to the described first measurement duration The convection transfer rate of the candidate particles thing is obtained, including:
The convection transfer rate of the candidate particles thing is obtained according to formula one:
Wherein, the htFor the convection transfer rate of the candidate particles thing, the ρaFor from the air inlet at the top of test chamber Into the density of the gas in the test chamber, the CP, aTo enter from the air inlet at the top of test chamber in the test chamber The specific heat at constant pressure of gas, the v be from the air inlet at the top of test chamber enter the test chamber in gas speed, the v It is described for the quality and the ratio of the cross section of the test chamber in the unit time from the gas flow regulating valve output gas AV, eFor the unit bodies specific surface area of the candidate particles thing, the L is the thickness of candidate particles thing in the test chamber, the t For first length of testing speech, the ρgFor the density of the candidate particles thing, the CP, gFor the level pressure of the candidate particles thing Specific heat, the εgFor the porosity of the candidate particles thing.
Convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient method of testing as described above, in the acquisition by first temperature After the first temperature value that sensor measurement obtains, and the second temperature value obtained by the second temperature sensor measurement, Also include:
Obtain by the humidity value of the first humidity sensor first, and obtained by second humidity sensor measurement Second humidity value;
Obtain the convection transfer rate of the second measurement duration and candidate particles thing, described second a length of gas input when measuring At the time of to the air inlet, it is equal to the second temperature value to first temperature value and the first humidity value is equal to described second Duration between at the time of humidity value;
It is equal to the second temperature value in first temperature value, and first humidity value is equal to second humidity value When, the convection current of the candidate particles thing is obtained according to the convection transfer rate of the described second measurement duration and the candidate particles thing Mass tranfer coefficient.
Convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient method of testing as described above, it is described according to the described second measurement duration The convective transfer coefficient of the candidate particles thing is obtained with the convection transfer rate of the candidate particles thing, including:
The convective transfer coefficient of the candidate particles thing is obtained according to formula two:
Wherein, hmFor the convective transfer coefficient of candidate particles thing, htFor the convection transfer rate of candidate particles thing, ρaFor from The density for the gas that air inlet at the top of test chamber enters in test chamber, CP, aTo enter test from the air inlet at the top of test chamber The specific heat at constant pressure of the gas of intracavitary, LeFor the Lewis numbers of air.
Convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device and method provided by the invention, including:Air pump, heating Device, test chamber, controller, test chamber are used to deposit candidate particles thing, and air inlet is provided with the top of test chamber, air pump, is added Hot device connects from beginning to end successively with the air inlet of test chamber, and air pump extracts gas from air and transmitted to heater, heater After heating to gas, by the air inlet of the gas transport after heating to test chamber;Set above air inlet The second temperature sensor set below the first temperature sensor and the ventilative grid of test chamber bottom put measures gas in real time Temperature, and transmit to controller, the first length of testing speech, and root be worth to according to the first temperature value and second temperature by controller The convection transfer rate of candidate particles thing is determined according to the first length of testing speech, in this process, controller calculates convection transfer rate Used parameter is that controller measurement obtains or other corresponding testing tool measurements obtain, without artificially being estimated, And then realize and obtain accurate convection transfer rate.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing There is the required accompanying drawing used in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are this hairs Some bright embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, can be with Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is convection transfer rate provided by the invention, the structural representation one of convective transfer coefficient test device;
Fig. 2 is convection transfer rate provided by the invention, the structural representation two of convective transfer coefficient test device;
Fig. 3 is convection transfer rate provided by the invention, the structural representation three of convective transfer coefficient test device;
Fig. 4 is convection transfer rate provided by the invention, the flow chart one of convective transfer coefficient method of testing;
Fig. 5 is convection transfer rate provided by the invention, the flowchart 2 of convective transfer coefficient method of testing.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is Part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The present embodiments relate to convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device, for testing candidate particles Convection transfer rate, the convective transfer coefficient of thing;Candidate particles thing involved in the present invention can be grain, granular chemical fertilizer etc., By device of the present invention, accurate convection transfer rate and convective transfer coefficient can be obtained, solves prior art In the problem of can not obtaining accurate convection transfer rate and convective transfer coefficient;Below using specific embodiment to heat convection Coefficient, the structure of convective transfer coefficient test device are described in detail.
Fig. 1 is convection transfer rate provided by the invention, the structural representation one of convective transfer coefficient test device, please be joined According to Fig. 1, the device can include:Air pump 101, heater 102, test chamber 103, controller 104, wherein,
Test chamber 103 is used to deposit candidate particles thing, and the top of test chamber 103 is provided with air inlet 105, air inlet 105 Connected with the outlet side of heater 102, the inlet end of heater 102 is connected with the outlet side of air pump 101, and air pump 101 is used It is used in extraction gas, and by the gas transport of the inlet end extraction from air pump 101 to heater 102, heater 102 to gas Body is heated, and by air inlet by the gas transport after heating to test chamber 103, the bottom of test chamber 103 is provided with Ventilative grid, air grid are used to export the gas in test chamber 103;The top of air inlet 105 is provided with the first TEMP Device 106, for testing the first temperature value of the gas that air inlet is inputted from heater 102, and the first temperature value is transmitted to control Device 104 processed;Second temperature sensor 107 is provided with below ventilative grid, for testing the gas exported from ventilative grid Second temperature value, and second temperature value is transmitted to controller 104;Controller 104 is used to be equal to the second temperature in the first temperature value During angle value, according to the first length of testing speech obtain candidate particles thing convection transfer rate, the first length of testing speech be gas input to Duration between at the time of being equal to second temperature value to the first temperature value at the time of air inlet.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, optionally, can pass through between air pump 101, heater 102, test chamber 103 Breather line connects, can be according to the size and material for being actually needed selection breather line in actual application;It is optional , nothing can also be passed through by wired connection between the first temperature sensor and/or second temperature sensor and controller Line connects, and when passing through wireless connection between the first temperature sensor and/or second temperature sensor and controller, controller can To be controlled by wireless control signal to the first temperature sensor and/or second temperature sensor, the present invention does not make to this It is specific to limit.
Below, to the convection transfer rate shown in Fig. 1, the structure of convective transfer coefficient test device, and convection current is passed through The process that the coefficient of heat transfer, convective transfer coefficient test device obtain convection transfer rate is described in detail.
In actual application, when needing to obtain the convection transfer rate of candidate particles thing, candidate particles thing is deposited It is put in test chamber 103, air pump 101 extracts gas from air and transmits to heater 102, heater 102 to enter gas After row heats, the air inlet 105 that the gas after being heated is set by the top of test chamber 103 is transmitted to test In chamber 103, gas stream after the being heated candidate particles thing in chamber 103 after tested, and from the saturating of the bottom of test chamber 103 Gas grid is spread out of.
During above-mentioned gas transmit, the first temperature sensor 106 for being arranged on the top of air inlet 105 is surveyed in real time The first temperature value of the gas from the input air inlet 105 of heater 102 is tried, and the first temperature value is transmitted to controller 104, if Put the second temperature for the gas that the real-time testing of second temperature sensor 107 below ventilative grid exports from ventilative grid Value, and second temperature value is transmitted to controller 104.
At the time of gas is inputted to air inlet 105, controller 104 starts timing, can be that operating personnel are led to optionally Input operation is crossed so that controller 104 starts timing or sent when controller 104 receives the first temperature sensor 106 The first temperature value when start timing, the mode that the present invention starts timing for controller 104 is not especially limited;Controller 104 the second temperature sent in the first temperature value and second temperature sensor 107 that receive the transmission of the first temperature sensor 106 After angle value, compare the size of the first temperature value and second temperature value in real time, when it is determined that the first temperature value is equal to second temperature value, Controller 104 stops timing, and the first length of testing speech is determined simultaneously according at the time of starting timing and at the time of stopping timing, according to First length of testing speech obtains the convection transfer rate of candidate particles thing;Optionally, to be measured can be obtained by equation below one The convection transfer rate of grain thing:
Wherein, htFor the convection transfer rate of candidate particles thing, ρaTo enter from the air inlet at the top of test chamber in test chamber Gas density, CP, aFor the specific heat at constant pressure of the gas entered from the air inlet at the top of test chamber in test chamber, v is from test The speed for the gas that the air inlet of top of chamber enters in test chamber, v are from gas flow regulating valve output gas in the unit time Quality and test chamber cross section ratio, AV, eFor the unit bodies specific surface area of candidate particles thing, L is to be measured in test chamber The thickness of particulate matter, t are the first length of testing speech, ρgFor the density of candidate particles thing, CP, gFor the specific heat at constant pressure of candidate particles thing, εg For the porosity of candidate particles thing.
It should be noted that t in above-mentioned formula one obtains for controller measurement, other parameters be candidate particles thing or The physical attribute of gas is inputted into test chamber, each physical attribute can be obtained by different testing tool measurements, the present invention Embodiment is no longer repeated.
In above-mentioned test process, the gas of air inlet is inputted from heater by the measurement in real time of the first temperature sensor First temperature value, and the first temperature value is transmitted to controller, measured in real time from ventilative grid by second temperature sensor The second temperature value of the gas of output, and second temperature value is transmitted to controller;Controller in real time according to the first temperature value and Second temperature value obtains the first length of testing speech, and the heat convection system for obtaining candidate particles thing is calculated according to the first length of testing speech Number, in this process, it is that controller measurement obtains or other corresponding that controller, which calculates parameter used in convection transfer rate, Testing tool measurement obtain, without artificially being estimated, and then realize and obtain accurate convection transfer rate.
Convection transfer rate provided by the invention, convective transfer coefficient test device, including:Air pump, heater, test Chamber, controller, test chamber are used to deposit candidate particles thing, and air inlet, air pump, heater and survey are provided with the top of test chamber The air inlet of examination chamber is connected from beginning to end successively, and air pump, which extracts gas from air and transmitted to heater, heater, to be passed through to gas After body is heated, by the air inlet of the gas transport after heating to test chamber;First set above air inlet The second temperature sensor set below temperature sensor and the ventilative grid of test chamber bottom measures the temperature of gas in real time, and Transmit to controller, the first length of testing speech is worth to according to the first temperature value and second temperature by controller, and survey according to first Examination duration determines the convection transfer rate of candidate particles thing, and in this process, controller is calculated used in convection transfer rate Parameter is that controller measurement obtains or other corresponding testing tool measurements obtain, and then realizes and obtain accurate heat convection Coefficient.
Fig. 2 is convection transfer rate provided by the invention, the structural representation two of convective transfer coefficient test device;Pass through Convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device shown in Fig. 1 embodiments, can measure acquisition convection transfer rate, On the basis of Fig. 1 embodiment shown devices, in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, surveyed by convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient Trial assembly is put, and can also measure acquisition convective transfer coefficient, on the basis of embodiment illustrated in fig. 1, refer to Fig. 2, heat convection Coefficient, convective transfer coefficient test device can also include:
Humidifier 108, wherein, the inlet end of humidifier 108 connects with the outlet side of air pump 101, and humidifier 108 goes out Gas end connects with the inlet end of heater 102, and humidifier 108 is used to carry out humidification process to the gas that air pump 101 extracts, And the air after humidification is exported to heater 102, heater 102 gas after humidification is heated;Or add The inlet end of wet device 108 connects with the outlet side of heater 102, and the outlet side of humidifier 108 connects with air inlet 105, humidification Device 108 is used to carry out the gas after heating humidification process, and will carry out the gas transport after heating and humidification process To air inlet 105;
Accordingly, the first humidity sensor 109 is additionally provided with the top of air inlet 105, enters air inlet for testing First humidity value of 105 gas, and the first humidity value is transmitted to controller 104, it is additionally provided with below ventilative grid Second humidity sensor 110, the second humidity value of gas is spread out of from ventilative grid for testing, and the second humidity value is transmitted To controller 104;Accordingly, controller 104 can be also used for, when the first temperature value is equal to second temperature value, and the first humidity When value is equal to the second humidity value, the convection transfer rate of the second length of testing speech and candidate particles thing is determined, when being tested according to second Long and candidate particles thing convection transfer rate obtains candidate particles thing convective transfer coefficient, and the second length of testing speech inputs for gas At the time of to air inlet 105, at the time of being equal to second temperature value and the first humidity value to the first temperature value and be equal to the second humidity value Between duration.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, air pump 101, heater 102 and humidifier 108 can be by following two Feasible implementation connection.
A kind of feasible implementation:The inlet end of humidifier 108 connects with the outlet side of air pump 101, humidifier 108 Outlet side connected with the inlet end of heater 102.In this kind of implementation, air pump 101, humidifier 108 and heater 102 head and the tail connections successively.
Another feasible implementation:The inlet end of humidifier 108 connects with the outlet side of heater 102, humidifier 108 outlet side connects with air inlet 105.In this kind of implementation, air pump 101, humidifier 108 and heater 102 according to Secondary head and the tail connection.
It should be noted that Fig. 2 illustrate only a kind of above-mentioned feasible implementation air pump 101, heater 102 with And the annexation of humidifier 108, another feasible implementation air pump 101, heater 102 and humidifier 108 Annexation, closed with the connection of the air pump 101 in a kind of feasible implementation, heater 102 and humidifier 108 It is similar, is no longer repeated herein.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, optionally, humidifier 108 and air pump 101, heater 102 or test chamber 103 Between can be connected by pipeline;First humidity sensor 109 and the second humidity sensor 110 and controller 104 can be had Line connects or wireless connection, when the first humidity sensor 109 and/or the second humidity sensor 110 and controller 104 Between when passing through wireless connection, controller 104 can be by wireless control signal to the first humidity sensor 109 and/or second Humidity sensor 110 is controlled, and the present invention is not especially limited to this.
Below, to the convection transfer rate shown in Fig. 2, the structure of convective transfer coefficient test device, and convection current is passed through The process that the coefficient of heat transfer, convective transfer coefficient test device obtain convective transfer coefficient is described in detail.
In actual application, when needing to obtain the convection transfer rate of candidate particles thing, candidate particles thing is deposited It is put in test chamber 103, air pump 101 extracts gas and gas transport to humidifier 108, humidifier 108 is right from air After gas is humidified, the gas transport after humidification process will be carried out to heater 102, after heater 102 is to humidification process Gas is heated, and the gas after carrying out humidification process and heating is entered by what the top of test chamber 103 was set Gas port 105 is transmitted into test chamber 103, and the gas stream after by humidification process and heating is to be measured in chamber 103 after tested Particulate matter, and spread out of from the ventilative grid of the bottom of test chamber 103.
During above-mentioned gas transmit, the first temperature sensor 106 for being arranged on the top of air inlet 105 is surveyed in real time The first temperature value of the gas from the input air inlet 105 of heater 102 is tried, and the first temperature value is transmitted to controller 104, if Put the gas that the real-time testing of the first humidity sensor 109 above air inlet 105 inputs from heater 102 air inlet 105 First humidity value, and the first humidity value is transmitted to controller 104;The second temperature sensor being arranged on below ventilative grid The second temperature value for the gas that 107 real-time testings export from ventilative grid, and second temperature value is transmitted to controller 104, It is arranged on the second humidity of the gas that the real-time testing of the second humidity sensor 110 below ventilative grid exports from ventilative grid Value, and the second humidity value is transmitted to controller 104.
At the time of gas is inputted to air inlet 105, controller 104 starts timing, and wherein controller 104 starts timing Mode and controller in embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 104 start timing mode it is similar, no longer repeated herein;Controller 104 The second temperature value of the first temperature value of the first temperature sensor 106 transmission and the transmission of second temperature sensor 107 is being received, After the second humidity value that the first humidity value and the second humidity sensor 110 that first humidity sensor 109 is sent are sent, compare in real time Compared with the first temperature value and the size and the size of the first humidity value and the second humidity value of second temperature value, when it is determined that the first temperature When value is equal to second temperature value and when the first humidity value is equal to second humidity value, controller 104 stops timing, according to startup At the time of timing and stop determining the second length of testing speech at the time of timing, according to the second length of testing speech convective transfer coefficient;Can Choosing, the second length of testing speech can be first passed through and above-mentioned formula one obtains convection transfer rate, then according to heat convection system Number and following formula two obtain convective transfer coefficient.
Wherein, hmFor the convective transfer coefficient of candidate particles thing, htFor the convection transfer rate of candidate particles thing, ρaFor from The density for the gas that air inlet at the top of test chamber enters in test chamber, CP, aTo enter test from the air inlet at the top of test chamber The specific heat at constant pressure of the gas of intracavitary, LeFor the Lewis numbers of air.
It should be noted that the h in above-mentioned formula onemObtained for controller measurement, other parameters are defeated into test chamber Enter the physical attribute of gas, each physical attribute can be obtained by different testing tool measurements, and the embodiment of the present invention is no longer entered Row repeats.
Fig. 3 is convection transfer rate provided by the invention, the structural representation three of convective transfer coefficient test device;In order to So that the convection transfer rate, the convective transfer coefficient that are obtained by convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device measurement It is more accurate, and the convenience that increase convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device use, in the reality shown in Fig. 3 Apply in example, convection transfer rate shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 1, convective transfer coefficient test device are improved;Retouch for convenience State, on the basis of embodiment illustrated in fig. 2, refer to Fig. 3, convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device can be with Including:
Gas flow regulating valve 111 and gas mass flow gauge 112, wherein, the air inlet of gas flow regulating valve 111 End connects with the outlet side of air pump 101, for adjusting the flow from the output gas of air pump 101;Gas mass flow gauge 112 Connected with the outlet side of gas flow regulating valve 111, in cooling water of units of measurement time from the output gas of gas flow regulating valve 111 Quality;Accordingly, controller 104 is specifically used for, from gas flow regulating valve according to the first length of testing speech and in the unit interval The quality of 111 output gas obtains convection transfer rate, and/or, according to the second length of testing speech, in the unit interval from gas flow The quality of the output gas of regulating valve 111 obtains convective transfer coefficient.
By setting gas flow regulating valve in convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device, actually using During, convection transfer rate can be enhanced, to spreading according to flow of the regulation from air pump output gas is actually needed The convenience that matter coefficient testing device uses.Further, by convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient test device Setting and gas mass flow gauge, it can measure and obtain the unit interval interior quality from gas flow regulating valve output gas, with So that controller calculates according to the accurate parameter obtains convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient, and then to calculate and obtain Convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient it is more accurate;, can be according to being actually needed selection flow in actual application The specification and model of regulating valve and gas mass flow gauge.
In actual use, for the ease of installing the humidity sensor 110 of second temperature sensor 107 and second, survey The examination outer sheath of chamber 103 is provided with cylindrical stent 113, and the humidity sensor 110 of second temperature sensor 107 and second is fixedly installed on branch In the side wall of frame 113, optionally, support 113 can be PVC materials;Further, can also be in the inwall of support 113 and test Insulation material 114 is filled between chamber 103, so, the temperature avoided in test chamber 103 carries out heat biography with ambient temperature Pass, and then make it that test result is more accurate, can be according to the material for being actually needed selection insulation material in actual application Matter;Lid 115 on removable can also be provided with the top of test chamber 103, air inlet 105 is arranged on the top of lid 115, so It can realize and easily load or take out particle to be tested in test chamber 103;Optionally, heater 102 or humidifier 108 with Connected between air inlet 105 by breather line, the first temperature sensor 106 and the first humidity sensor 109 are fixedly installed on In the side wall of breather line.
In actual use, in order that the heating-up temperature for obtaining heater is adjustable, and the humidification humidity of humidifier can To adjust, heater and humidifier are connected with controller respectively, and controller is additionally operable to the temperature for controlling heater to heat gas, And the humidity that humidifier is humidified to gas;So, heater and humidifier can be entered in actual application Row is accurately controlled, and enhances convection transfer rate, the convenience that convective transfer coefficient test device uses;Optionally, heat When heater and/or it can also can be added by wireless connection by wired connection between device and/or humidifier and controller When passing through wireless connection between wet device and controller, controller is carried out by wireless control signal to heater and/or humidifier Control.
In actual application, optionally, humidifier 108 can include:Humidification chamber 1081, storage tank 1082, atomization First 1083, membrane pump 1084 and speed governing air pump 1085;Wherein, the water inlet end of membrane pump 1084 connects with storage tank 1082, barrier film The water side of pump 1084 connects with humidification chamber 1081, for the water in storage tank 1082 to be evacuated into humidification chamber 1081;Atomising head 1083 are located in humidification chamber 1081, for being atomized to the water in humidification chamber 1081;The inlet end of speed governing air pump 1085 and sky The outlet side of air pump 101 or the outlet side connection of heater 102, outlet side and the humidification chamber 1081 of speed governing air pump 1085 connect Logical, speed governing air pump 1085 is used under the control of controller 104, and gas is spread out of from humidification chamber 1081 by adjusting rotating speed control Humidity.
It should be noted that above-mentioned simply describe a kind of structure of humidifier in exemplary fashion, not to humidifier The restriction of structure, can be according to the type for being actually needed selection humidifier in actual application.
Below, in the form of specific embodiment, to passing through the convection transfer rate shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 3, convective transfer coefficient Test device, test convection transfer rate, the method for convective transfer coefficient are described in detail.
Fig. 4 is convection transfer rate provided by the invention, the flow chart one of convective transfer coefficient method of testing;This method Executive agent can be controller, and the controller can be realized by software and/or hardware, refer to Fig. 1, this method can wrap Include:
The first temperature value that S401, acquisition are obtained by the first temperature sensor measurement, and surveyed by second temperature sensor The second temperature value measured;
S402, obtain first measurement duration, first measurement when a length of gas input at the time of air inlet to the first temperature Duration between being worth at the time of being equal to second temperature value;
S403, when the first temperature value is equal to second temperature value, according to first measurement duration obtain candidate particles thing pair Flow the coefficient of heat transfer.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the first temperature value obtained in acquisition by the first temperature sensor measurement, Yi Jiyou After the second temperature value that second temperature sensor measurement obtains, in addition to:
Obtained by gas mass flow gauge in the unit interval from the quality of gas flow regulating valve output gas;
Accordingly, the convection transfer rate of candidate particles thing is obtained according to the first measurement duration, including:
According to the first measurement duration and convection current is obtained from the quality of gas flow regulating valve output gas in the unit interval to change Hot coefficient.
During practical application, optionally, the heat convection system of candidate particles thing is obtained according to the first measurement duration Number, including:The convection transfer rate of candidate particles thing is obtained according to formula one:
Wherein, htFor the convection transfer rate of candidate particles thing, ρaTo enter from the air inlet at the top of test chamber in test chamber Gas density, CP, aFor the specific heat at constant pressure of the gas entered from the air inlet at the top of test chamber in test chamber, v is from test The speed for the gas that the air inlet of top of chamber enters in test chamber, v are from gas flow regulating valve output gas in the unit time Quality and test chamber cross section ratio, AV, eFor the unit bodies specific surface area of candidate particles thing, L is to be measured in test chamber The thickness of particulate matter, t are the first length of testing speech, ρgFor the density of candidate particles thing, CP, gFor the specific heat at constant pressure of candidate particles thing, εg For the porosity of candidate particles thing.
Fig. 5 is convection transfer rate provided by the invention, the flowchart 2 of convective transfer coefficient method of testing;This method Executive agent can be controller, and the controller can be realized by software and/or hardware;In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, may be used To acquire the convection transfer rate of particulate matter to be tested, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 5, convective mass transfer can also be obtained Coefficient, on the basis of embodiment illustrated in fig. 4, Fig. 5 is refer to, this method can include:
The first temperature value that S501, acquisition are obtained by the first temperature sensor measurement, and surveyed by second temperature sensor The second temperature value measured;
S502, obtain by first the first humidity value of humidity sensor, and the obtained by the second humidity sensor measurement Two humidity values;
S503, obtain second measurement duration and candidate particles thing convection transfer rate, second measurement when a length of gas it is defeated At the time of entering to air inlet, it is equal at the time of second temperature value and the first humidity value are equal to the second humidity value it to the first temperature value Between duration;
S504, in the first temperature value it is equal to second temperature value, and when the first humidity value is equal to the second humidity value, according to second Measure the convective transfer coefficient of the convection transfer rate acquisition candidate particles thing of duration and candidate particles thing.
During practical application, optionally, according to the second measurement duration and the convection transfer rate of candidate particles thing The convective transfer coefficient of candidate particles thing is obtained, including:
The convective transfer coefficient of candidate particles thing is obtained according to formula two:
Wherein, hmFor the convective transfer coefficient of candidate particles thing, htFor the convection transfer rate of candidate particles thing, ρaFor from The density for the gas that air inlet at the top of test chamber enters in test chamber, CP, aTo enter test from the air inlet at the top of test chamber The specific heat at constant pressure of the gas of intracavitary, LeFor the Lewis numbers of air.
The method of the embodiment of the present invention, surveyed applied to the convection transfer rate shown in above-described embodiment, convective transfer coefficient Examination, its implementing principle and technical effect is similar, and here is omitted for the present embodiment.
Finally it should be noted that:Various embodiments above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations;To the greatest extent The present invention is described in detail with reference to foregoing embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those within the art that:Its according to The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, either which part or all technical characteristic are entered Row equivalent substitution;And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technology The scope of scheme.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of convection transfer rate, convective transfer coefficient method of testing, it is characterised in that methods described is applied to heat convection Coefficient, convective transfer coefficient test device,
Described device includes:Air pump, heater, test chamber, controller, gas flow regulating valve and gas mass flow Meter, wherein,
The test chamber is used to deposit candidate particles thing, and air inlet, the air inlet and institute are provided with the top of the test chamber The outlet side connection of heater is stated, the inlet end of the heater is connected with the outlet side of the air pump, and the air pump is used It is used in extraction gas, and by gas transport to the heater, the heater of the inlet end extraction from the air pump Gas is heated, and by the air inlet by the gas transport after heating to the test chamber, the test chamber Bottom is provided with ventilative grid, and the ventilative grid is used to export the gas in the test chamber;
The first temperature sensor is provided with above the air inlet, inputs the gas of the air inlet from the heater for testing First temperature value of body, and first temperature value is transmitted to the controller;
Second temperature sensor is provided with below the ventilative grid, for testing the gas exported from the ventilative grid Second temperature value, and the second temperature value is transmitted to the controller;
The controller is used for when first temperature value is equal to the second temperature value, and institute is obtained according to the first measurement duration State the convection transfer rate of candidate particles thing, during first measurement a length of gas input at the time of the air inlet to described Duration between at the time of first temperature value is equal to the second temperature value;
Described device also includes:Humidifier;The inlet end of the humidifier connects with the outlet side of the air pump, the humidification The outlet side of device connects with the inlet end of the heater, and the humidifier is used to add the gas that the air pump extracts Wet process, and the air after humidification is exported to the heater, the heater gas after humidification is heated; Or the inlet end of the humidifier connects with the outlet side of the heater, the outlet side of the humidifier and the air inlet Mouth connection, the humidifier is used to carry out humidification process to the gas after heating, and will carry out heating and humidification process Gas transport afterwards is to the air inlet;
Accordingly, the first humidity sensor is additionally provided with above the air inlet, enters the air inlet for testing First humidity value of gas, and first humidity value is transmitted to the controller, also set in the lower section of the ventilative grid The second humidity sensor is equipped with, spreads out of the second humidity value of gas from the ventilative grid for testing, and by described second Humidity value is transmitted to the controller;
Accordingly, the controller is additionally operable to, when first temperature value is equal to the second temperature value, and first humidity value etc. When second humidity value, the convection transfer rate of the second measurement duration and candidate particles thing is determined, and according to described second The convection transfer rate of measurement duration and the candidate particles thing acquisition candidate particles thing convective transfer coefficient, described second At the time of a length of gas is inputted to the air inlet during measurement, it is equal to the second temperature value and first to first temperature value Duration between at the time of humidity value is equal to second humidity value;
Methods described includes:
Obtain the first temperature value for being obtained by the first temperature sensor measurement, and the obtained by second temperature sensor measurement Two temperature values;
Obtain first measurement duration, it is described first measurement when a length of gas input at the time of air inlet to first temperature value Duration between at the time of equal to the second temperature value;
When first temperature value is equal to the second temperature value, candidate particles thing is obtained according to the described first measurement duration Convection transfer rate;
Sensed in first temperature value for obtaining and being obtained by first temperature sensor measurement, and by the second temperature After the second temperature value that device measurement obtains, in addition to:
Obtain the first humidity value for being obtained by the first humidity sensor measurement, and the obtained by the second humidity sensor measurement Two humidity values;
Obtain second measurement duration and candidate particles thing convection transfer rate, it is described second measurement when a length of gas input to institute At the time of stating air inlet, it is equal to the second temperature value to first temperature value and the first humidity value is equal to second humidity Duration between at the time of value;
It is equal to the second temperature value in first temperature value, and when first humidity value is equal to second humidity value, According to the convection transfer rate acquisition candidate particles thing of the described second measurement duration and the candidate particles thing to spreading Matter coefficient;
Surveyed in first temperature value for obtaining and being obtained by first temperature sensor measurement, and by second temperature sensor After the second temperature value measured, in addition to:
Obtained by gas mass flow gauge in the unit interval from the quality of gas flow regulating valve output gas;
Accordingly, the convection transfer rate that the candidate particles thing is obtained according to the described first measurement duration, including:
Duration is measured according to described first and in the unit interval from the quality acquisition pair of the gas flow regulating valve output gas Flow the coefficient of heat transfer;
The convection transfer rate that the candidate particles thing is obtained according to the described first measurement duration, including:
The convection transfer rate of the candidate particles thing is obtained according to formula one:
Wherein, the htFor the convection transfer rate of the candidate particles thing, the ρaTo enter from the air inlet at the top of test chamber The density of gas in the test chamber, the CP, aFor the gas entered from the air inlet at the top of test chamber in the test chamber Specific heat at constant pressure, the v be from the air inlet at the top of test chamber enter the test chamber in gas speed, the v is by list Obtained in the time of position from the quality and the ratio calculation of the cross section of the test chamber of the gas flow regulating valve output gas, The AV, eFor the unit bodies specific surface area of the candidate particles thing, the L is the thickness of candidate particles thing in the test chamber, The t measures duration, the ρ for described firstgFor the density of the candidate particles thing, the CP, gFor the candidate particles thing Specific heat at constant pressure, the εgFor the porosity of the candidate particles thing;
The convection transfer rate according to the described second measurement duration and the candidate particles thing obtains the candidate particles thing Convective transfer coefficient, including:
The convective transfer coefficient of the candidate particles thing is obtained according to formula two:
Wherein, hmFor the convective transfer coefficient of candidate particles thing, htFor the convection transfer rate of candidate particles thing, ρaFor from test The density for the gas that the air inlet of top of chamber enters in test chamber, CP, aTo enter from the air inlet at the top of test chamber in test chamber Gas specific heat at constant pressure, LeFor the Lewis numbers of air.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the inlet end of the gas flow regulating valve and the air The outlet side connection of pump, for adjusting the flow from the air pump output gas;
The gas mass flow gauge connects with the outlet side of the gas flow regulating valve, in cooling water of units of measurement time from institute State the quality of gas flow regulating valve output gas.
3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the test chamber outer sheath is provided with cylindrical stent, the branch Insulation material is filled between frame inwall and the test chamber, the second temperature sensor and second humidity sensor are consolidated Surely it is arranged in the side wall of the support.
4. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the heater or the humidifier and the air inlet it Between connected by breather line, first temperature sensor and first humidity sensor are fixedly installed on the breather pipe In the side wall in road.
5. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with removable upper lid, institute at the top of the test chamber State air inlet and be arranged on the upper tops.
6. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the heater and the humidifier respectively with the control Device is connected, and the controller is additionally operable to the temperature for controlling the heater to heat gas, and the humidifier to gas The humidity that body is humidified.
7. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the humidifier includes:Humidification chamber, storage tank, atomising head, Membrane pump and speed governing air pump;Wherein,
The water inlet end of the membrane pump connects with the storage tank, and the water side of the membrane pump connects with the humidification chamber, uses In the water in the storage tank is evacuated into the humidification chamber;
The atomising head is located in the humidification chamber, for being atomized to the water in the humidification chamber;
The inlet end of the speed governing air pump connects with the outlet side of the outlet side of the air pump or the heater, the tune The outlet side of fast air pump connects with the humidification chamber, and the speed governing air pump is used under the control of the controller, passes through regulation Rotating speed control spreads out of the humidity of gas from the humidification chamber.
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CN107421855B (en) * 2017-08-28 2019-07-16 昆明理工大学 A kind of device and its measuring method of steady state method measuring and calculating porous material mass tranfer coefficient
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