Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned deficiency existing in the prior art, and offer is a kind of reasonable in design,
It can be in the case where testing stretching, while testing the composite material test equipment of deformation.
Technical solution is used by the present invention solves the above problems:The composite material test equipment, including:Power fills
It sets, clamping apparatus, detection device, work station and deformation detectors, power plant are used for the lifting in vertical direction;, clamp
Device is connect with power plant, and clamping apparatus is for clamping test specimen;Detection device is for detecting mechanical property;With detection device electricity
Connection;Deformation detectors are mounted in clamping apparatus.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, clamping apparatus includes bottom plate, fixed plate, No.1 inner splint, No.1 outer clip
Plate, guide rod, top plate, No. two inner splints and two extra clamping plates, fixed plate are fixed on bottom plate, and No.1 inner splint is mounted on fixed plate
On, No.1 external splint and No.1 inner splint coordinate, and guide rod has fixing end and lift side, fixing end to be fixed on bottom plate, top plate with
Lift side is flexibly connected, and No. two inner splints are installed on top plate, and two extra clamping plates and No. two inner splints coordinate, No.1 inner splint and one
Extra clamping plate is both provided with card slot, and No. two inner splints and two extra clamping plates are both provided with card slot.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, deformation detectors are mounted in the card slot of inner splint.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, flexible material is provided between deformation detectors and inner splint.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the multi beam light guide that deformation detectors include substrate, are fixed on substrate is fine
Dimension beam and the photodetector being connect with fibre-optic bundle.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, optical fiber element is U-shaped structure, there is the fibre-optic bundle of two classes, similar
Fibre-optic bundle is arranged in parallel, foreign peoples's fibre-optic bundle vertical arrangement.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, deformation detectors packet anode layer, layer of pressure sensitive, negative electrode layer and mainboard,
Anode layer, layer of pressure sensitive and negative electrode layer overlap successively, and test point isolated mutually, each positive test point are provided in anode layer
Electrically connected mainboard, corresponding position is provided with negative testing point, each negative testing point electrically connected mainboard on negative electrode layer.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, power plant is servo motor or hydraulic device.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, further include horizontally moving device, horizontally moving device and clamping apparatus company
It connects.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, further include torsion device, torsion device is connect with clamping apparatus.
Compared with prior art, the present invention haing the following advantages and effect:Deformation detectors are provided in clamping apparatus
The deformation characteristics that test specimen directly can be directly and quickly detected when stretching, can accomplish one-time detection, obtain two kinds of data,
It is convenient and efficient so that composite material test equipment of the invention serves many purposes.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and by embodiment, and following embodiment is to this hair
Bright explanation and the invention is not limited in following embodiments.
A kind of composite material test equipment in the present embodiment includes power plant, clamping apparatus, detection device, work
It stands, deformation detectors, horizontally moving device and torsion device.Power plant is being hung down for the lifting in vertical direction in test specimen
It needs to elongate test specimen when histogram is to extension test.Clamping apparatus can clamp test specimen, and clamping apparatus connects with power plant
Connect, need to detect when extension test the power that stretches how many, so need detection device, detection device is for detecting power
Learn performance.In the present embodiment, power plant is servo motor, and servo motor is electrically connected with detection device, in the present invention, power dress
It can be hydraulic device to set.In the present embodiment, deformation detectors are mounted in clamping apparatus.Clamping apparatus in the present embodiment is detailed
Thin content sees below, and deformation detectors are connected with top plate.Deformation detectors can detect the deformation quantity of test specimen, and be integrated in and clamp
Composite material test equipment is enabled in device while there are two types of functions for tool.Horizontally moving device connect with clamping apparatus, turns round
Rotary device.Torsion device is connect with clamping apparatus.Horizontally moving device and clamping apparatus cooperation, horizontally moving device include one turn
Lever, rotating bar coordinates with No. two inner splints, when rotating bar rotates so that No. two inner splint offsets, so as to examine
The shear stress of test block.Similarly, device is grappled on the connector of servo motor and top plate, is started when torsion device
When, the micro- torsion of top plate, so as to measure the torsional capacity of test specimen.
In the present embodiment, deformation detectors are mounted in the card slot of inner splint.It is set between deformation detectors and inner splint
It is equipped with flexible material.Flexible material can make there is certain deformation space between deformation detectors and test specimen, and can be with
The collision for preventing deformation detectors and card slot bottom extends the usage time of deformation detectors.
Deformation detectors are contacted with test specimen, and test specimen table can be only attached under the extruding of external splint and inner splint
Face is detected.In the present embodiment, deformation detectors include substrate, are fixed on substrate multi beam fibre-optic bundle and with
The photodetector of fibre-optic bundle connection.Fibre-optic bundle is U-shaped structure, there is the fibre-optic bundle of two classes, similar optical fiber
Beam is arranged in parallel, foreign peoples's fibre-optic bundle vertical arrangement.Multi beam fibre-optic bundle has the ability for passing to light, U-shaped structure energy
Enough so that the both ends of fibre-optic bundle all connect on the photo-detector, the deformation on test specimen is adjacent to if test specimen deforms upon
Corresponding deformation also occurs for detector, to measure deflection.In the present invention, deformation detectors can also be that another way is real
Existing, deformation detectors packet anode layer, layer of pressure sensitive, negative electrode layer and mainboard, anode layer, layer of pressure sensitive and negative electrode layer are folded successively
It closes, test point isolated mutually, each positive test point electrically connected mainboard, the corresponding position on negative electrode layer is provided in anode layer
It is provided with negative testing point, each negative testing point electrically connected mainboard.
When the composite material test equipment of the present invention uses, test specimen is put into No.1 inner splint and No. two inner splints
Card slot in, then by No.1 external splint and two extra Boards walls on No.1 inner splint and No. two inner splints, tried with fixed
Then part starts servo motor, test specimen is enabled to stretch, and test specimen can detect various Mechanical Datas after stretching, and is broken in test specimen
Before, various mechanical index can be detected using horizontally moving device and/or torsion device.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Figure 14 show that a kind of composite material test equipment clamping apparatus, the clamping apparatus include bottom plate, consolidate
Fixed board, No.1 inner splint, No.1 external splint, guide rod, top plate, No. two inner splints and two extra clamping plates, fixed plate are fixed on bottom plate
On, No.1 inner splint is mounted in fixed plate, and No.1 external splint coordinates with No.1 inner splint, and guide rod has fixing end and lift side,
Fixing end is fixed on bottom plate, and top plate is flexibly connected with lift side, and No. two inner splints are installed on top plate, two extra clamping plates and No. two
Inner splint coordinates, and No.1 inner splint is both provided with card slot with No.1 external splint, and No. two inner splints are both provided with two extra clamping plates
Card slot.Clamping apparatus further includes backing plate in the present embodiment, and backing plate is that can bear strong pressure, and backing plate has low elasticity.Wherein one
Number inner splint and No. two inner splints are referred to as inner splint, and No.1 external splint and two extra clamping plates are referred to as external splint.
Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 shows bottom plate, and base plate quality is bigger, and stability is good.It is provided on bottom plate and clamps the recessed of fixed plate
Slot, groove and fixed plate tight fit.Two through hole is provided on bottom plate, guide rod is mounted in through-hole, and guide rod is connected with bottom plate by key
It connects.Tight fit between key connection Kong Yujian on guide rod.
There are four threaded holes, fixed plate, and corresponding position is provided with through-hole for setting on bottom plate, and the fluting being threaded through is heavy
Head screw enables fixed plate be fixed with bottom plate.Bottom plate groove bottom is provided with the concave-convex position agreed with mutually with fixed plate bottom, disappears
Except the vibrations between bottom plate and fixed plate.
Figure 11, Figure 12 and Figure 13 show that fixed plate, fixed plate are L-shaped structure, and fixed plate includes that transverse slat and riser form,
Transverse slat is embedded into bottom plate, and transverse slat is embedded into bottom plate and allows to convenient and accurately positions fixed plate, and is installed
It is also very convenient with dismantling.Transverse slat is equipped with small recesses with riser intersection, which can clamp backing plate.Using small-sized recessed
Slot clamping can facilitate positioning backing plate, can also prevent backing plate from shifting in use.
In the present invention, fixed plate can also be semi-open structure, with easy disassembly inner splint and external splint, the L of fixed plate
Shape structure can make the fixation inner splint that can either stablize, and enable to fixation that can be connected on floor, due to outer clip
Plate is not directly anchored on fixed plate or bottom plate, so external splint can be replaced flexibly, in use, can be adjusted outer
The subtle quality of clamping plate reduces influence of the disturbance to test equipment of smile to balance the Mass Distribution of various aspects.Fixed plate
Certain cure process is passed through on surface, so that fixed plate can be bonded between inner splint.
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 show No.1 inner splint.In the present embodiment, No.1 inner splint is fixed in fixed plate, in this hair
Bright middle No.1 inner splint and fixed plate can be integrated casting, although fixed plate and the No.1 clamping plate of integrally casting reduce replacement
Flexibility, but slight void can be reduced between fixed plate and No.1 clamping plate on being influenced caused by test equipment.
In the present embodiment, at least one protrusion is arranged in the card slot bottom of No.1 inner splint, as shown in figure 4, card slot bottom
Protrusion continuously rehearse, and there is no gap between two neighboring protrusion.In the present embodiment, protrusion is mainly round table-like knot
Structure, and the angle between the busbar of round platform and axis is 45 degree, this angle is the best angle of design and manufacture.In the present invention
In, protrusion is to be covered with setting in card slot, and protrusion can make test specimen and card slot bottom have certain cushioning effect, not directly
Neck test specimen is connect to contact with card slot bottom, it is right due to the minute movement between test specimen and inner splint during test to prevent
Inner splint causes to wear, and reduces the service life of inner splint, and in addition excessive abrasion will also result in certain thin for test specimen
Micro- deformation so that test is inaccurate.
In the present embodiment, protrusion naturally has certain elasticity, although protrusion is also using the bigger gold of rigidity
Category is fabricated, but has the shape presented with protrusion that it is enabled to have certain elasticity.It is smooth why protrusion is not suitable for
Semicircular structure, be because semicircular structure although reduces the contact area with test specimen and reduce abrasion and to test essence
The influence of exactness, but small area contact enables and generates prodigious pressure between protrusion and test specimen, to generate deformation, influences to survey
Examination.
In the present embodiment, the card slot of No.1 inner splint is the straight slot of strip structure, is mutually matched with the shape of test specimen.One
Number inner splint is additionally provided with the screw hole being connect with fixed plate, and the quantity of the screw hole is two, and position is placed exactly in No.1 inner clip
The middle part of plate, card slot also are located at the middle part of No.1 inner splint, and certain screw hole is located at two faces of No.1 inner splint, and spiral shell with card slot
Hole and card slot not through.
The shape of No.1 inner splint entirety is, including main part and four arm parts, and main part is setting card slot,
And it is connected and fixed the position of plate screw hole, it should be noted that the thickness of main part necessarily is greater than the half of its width,
To enable it with basic intensity to bear the strength of the torsion of four arms.Each arm position offers connection outer clip
Through-hole used in plate, the shape of through holes is generally circular in cross section, and size accounts for 60 or so the percent of arm position.In the present embodiment, it is
It enables No.1 inner splint have preferably to coordinate with No.1 external splint, is provided with the circle of protrusion around No.1 inner splint through-hole
Cyclic structure, and the through-hole of annulus and No.1 inner splint penetrates through, and to be inserted into No.1 external splint corresponding for ring-shaped structure
In through-hole.So that No.1 inner splint and the even closer cooperation of No.1 external splint, can reduce error and reduce No.1 inner clip
Relative movement between plate and No.1 external splint.
Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 shows No.1 external splint, integrally similar to No.1 inner splint in No.1 external splint overall structure, but
It is that No.1 external splint does not have the position being connect with fixed plate.No.1 external splint is more succinct in structure thus, No.1 outer clip
Plate also has the protrusion being mutually matched with No.1 inner splint.It is mutual in general between No.1 inner splint and No.1 external splint
It is matched, it is mutually adjacent to due to being needed between No.1 inner splint and No.1 external splint, and generate prodigious power between each other, so
No.1 inner splint needs that face being close to that deep clean is needed to handle with No.1 external splint, to ensure relative clean.Due to one
Number inner splint and the mutual cooperation of No.1 external splint clamp test specimen, and No.1 inner splint is fixed in fixed plate, so an extra
Clamping plate has certain adjustment quality and Mass Distribution degree of freedom.In the present invention, No.1 external splint is overleaf provided with numerous
The back side of circular groove, No.1 external splint refers to the reverse side that card slot is arranged, and is also filled out with the small-sized of these circular groove tight fits
Object is filled, circular groove size is small, and quantity is more.In use, if discovering device quality is on the whole not during the test
Enough balances, can be by the position and quantity of the small-sized filler of adjusting addition come the performance of balancing equipment.So that the essence of test
Spend higher.
In the present embodiment, No.1 inner splint is bolted with No.1 external splint by four.Certain present invention can also have
Better connection type.
Figure 10 shows that guide rod, guide rod have fixing end and lift side, fixing end to be fixed on bottom plate, and top plate is lived with lift side
Dynamic connection.Guide rod is string configuration, is to enable top plate that can be moved up and down in guide rod, the lift side of guide rod is inserted into top thus
The through-hole of plate enables top plate that can freely up and down move, to enable a device to normal operation.Guide rod surface must do smooth treatment,
To reduce the friction noise in lifting process, measuring accuracy is improved.In the present embodiment, guide rod is generally two, respectively symmetrically
Setting, guide rod are made of the very strong material of rigidity, prevent the miniature deformation of guide rod.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Figure 14 show the overall structure of clamping apparatus.Wherein No. two can be straight between inner splint and top plate
Connect in succession, can also again No. two fixed plate is provided between inner splint and top plate.
In the present embodiment, No. two are provided with fixed plate between inner splint and top plate, fixed plate is fixed on top plate, fixed plate
It is connect with inner splint.Two extra clamping plates and No. two inner splints coordinate.In the present embodiment, the shape of No. two inner splints and No.1 inner splint
Shape and structure are all identical, so unspecial illustrates No. two inner splints, similarly two extra clamping plates and No.1 outer clip
The shape and structure of plate are also the same, so also unspecial illustrate two extra clamping plates.
In the present embodiment, top plate top is connected with hydraulic device or voltage power apparatus, the direct conducting pressure of top plate, and pushes up
Plate is transportable, and top plate can move up and down on guide rod.Top plate, the fixed plate being fixed on top plate, No. two
Inner splint and two extra clamping plates can move up and down on the whole.So that quality is bigger on the whole for moving parts, operational process is enabled
Middle vibration generates smaller.It is provided with backing plate between the fixed plate being fixed on top plate in the present embodiment and No. two inner splints, Gu
It is also equipped with backing plate between the fixed plate being scheduled on top plate and two extra clamping plates, the two backing plates can be same backing plate.Backing plate
For shockproof movable plate, vibrations can be reduced.
In the present embodiment, micro pressure mechanism for testing is provided between inner splint and external splint.No.1 inner splint and one
No.1 micro pressure mechanism for testing is provided between extra clamping plate.Be provided between No. two inner splints and two extra clamping plates No. two it is micro-
Type pressure test mechanism.Micro pressure mechanism for testing is the mechanism for measuring small pressure and pressure change, miniature pressure
Power mechanism for testing is directly connected to computer.Before test equipment test, need the upper end of test specimen being mounted on No. two inner splints
Between two extra clamping plates, and the lower end of test specimen is mounted between No.1 inner splint and No.1 external splint, test specimen is all installed on
Inner splint is formed by with external splint card slot in space, by protrusion clamping test specimen.But during the test, due in No.1
If pressure, No. two inner splints between clamping plate and No.1 external splint and the pressure between two extra clamping plates differ greatly, will
So that accept gap excessive for the top of test specimen and the lower part of test specimen, and test piece deformation is enabled, the confidence level of test can be reduced in this way.For
This is provided with No.1 micro pressure mechanism for testing between No.1 inner splint and No.1 external splint.No. two inner splints and two extras press from both sides
No. two micro pressure mechanism for testing are provided between plate.Pass through comparison data, it may be convenient to pressure between the two is adjusted, with
Coordinate the force-bearing situation between test specimen top and the bottom.
Whether micro pressure mechanism for testing real-time monitoring and test can also be normally carried out during test, if No. two micro-
The numerical value of type pressure test mechanism is significantly greater than No.1 micro pressure mechanism for testing, that just illustrates that the top of test specimen is expanding,
And this will lead to the inaccuracy of test result, it is necessary to adjust.
By pressure change of the integrating micro pressure test mechanism on certain time, it is known that disturbing test equipment
Vibration concentrates in those frequencies, and can deduce these frequencies according to these frequencies probably goes out between those components, with this
Adjust the installation of clamping apparatus.Micro pressure mechanism for testing is by hydroscope and the groups of springs being sleeved on outside hydroscope
At.