CN105136567B - Test equipment for composite materials property - Google Patents

Test equipment for composite materials property Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105136567B
CN105136567B CN201410711749.7A CN201410711749A CN105136567B CN 105136567 B CN105136567 B CN 105136567B CN 201410711749 A CN201410711749 A CN 201410711749A CN 105136567 B CN105136567 B CN 105136567B
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splint
plate
clamping apparatus
test
clamping
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CN105136567A (en
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刘连学
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Zhejiang Zhenshi New Materials Co ltd
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ZHENSHI GROUP HENGSHI FABRICS CO Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention provides the test equipments for composite materials property, including:Power plant, for the lifting in vertical direction;Clamping apparatus, the clamping apparatus are connect with the power plant, and the clamping apparatus is for clamping test specimen;Detection device, the detection device is for detecting mechanical property;Work station is electrically connected with the detection device;It is characterized in that:Further include deformation detectors, the deformation detectors are mounted in the clamping apparatus.This is reasonable in design, can be in the case where testing stretching, while testing the composite material test equipment of deformation.

Description

Test equipment for composite materials property
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of test equipment of composite material, the mechanical property for measuring composite material is a kind of material Expect mechanics properties testing equipment.
Background technology
The test equipment of composite material is for detecting material mechanical performance, is suitable for metal, non- Metal material such as is stretched, is compressed at the Mechanics Performance Testings.The maximal force that can go out material, surrender force value, fracture can be detected The equipment of the material properties such as force value and maximal tensility, elongation at yield amount.
But during practice, since test stretches and the structure of the device of test deformation is inconsistent, need point It is not tested in two test equipments, it is necessary to which test twice, and needs to prepare two parts of test specimens, and operation in this way can also influence to survey The consistency of examination.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned deficiency existing in the prior art, and offer is a kind of reasonable in design, It can be in the case where testing stretching, while testing the composite material test equipment of deformation.
Technical solution is used by the present invention solves the above problems:The composite material test equipment, including:Power fills It sets, clamping apparatus, detection device, work station and deformation detectors, power plant are used for the lifting in vertical direction;, clamp Device is connect with power plant, and clamping apparatus is for clamping test specimen;Detection device is for detecting mechanical property;With detection device electricity Connection;Deformation detectors are mounted in clamping apparatus.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, clamping apparatus includes bottom plate, fixed plate, No.1 inner splint, No.1 outer clip Plate, guide rod, top plate, No. two inner splints and two extra clamping plates, fixed plate are fixed on bottom plate, and No.1 inner splint is mounted on fixed plate On, No.1 external splint and No.1 inner splint coordinate, and guide rod has fixing end and lift side, fixing end to be fixed on bottom plate, top plate with Lift side is flexibly connected, and No. two inner splints are installed on top plate, and two extra clamping plates and No. two inner splints coordinate, No.1 inner splint and one Extra clamping plate is both provided with card slot, and No. two inner splints and two extra clamping plates are both provided with card slot.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, deformation detectors are mounted in the card slot of inner splint.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, flexible material is provided between deformation detectors and inner splint.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the multi beam light guide that deformation detectors include substrate, are fixed on substrate is fine Dimension beam and the photodetector being connect with fibre-optic bundle.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, optical fiber element is U-shaped structure, there is the fibre-optic bundle of two classes, similar Fibre-optic bundle is arranged in parallel, foreign peoples's fibre-optic bundle vertical arrangement.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, deformation detectors packet anode layer, layer of pressure sensitive, negative electrode layer and mainboard, Anode layer, layer of pressure sensitive and negative electrode layer overlap successively, and test point isolated mutually, each positive test point are provided in anode layer Electrically connected mainboard, corresponding position is provided with negative testing point, each negative testing point electrically connected mainboard on negative electrode layer.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, power plant is servo motor or hydraulic device.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, further include horizontally moving device, horizontally moving device and clamping apparatus company It connects.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, further include torsion device, torsion device is connect with clamping apparatus.
Compared with prior art, the present invention haing the following advantages and effect:Deformation detectors are provided in clamping apparatus The deformation characteristics that test specimen directly can be directly and quickly detected when stretching, can accomplish one-time detection, obtain two kinds of data, It is convenient and efficient so that composite material test equipment of the invention serves many purposes.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the main structure diagram of clamping apparatus in embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-sectional view of clamping apparatus in embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the main structure diagram of No.1 inner splint in embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the left view structural representation of No.1 inner splint in embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the schematic cross-sectional view of No.1 inner splint in embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the main structure diagram of No.1 external splint in embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the left view structural representation of No.1 external splint in embodiment.
Fig. 8 is the main structure diagram of embodiment bottom plate.
Fig. 9 is the overlooking structure diagram of embodiment bottom plate.
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of guide rod in embodiment.
Figure 11 is the main structure diagram of fixed plate in embodiment.
Figure 12 is the left view structural representation of fixed plate in embodiment.
Figure 13 is the present invention looks up structural representation of fixed plate in embodiment.
Figure 14 is the overlooking structure diagram of clamping apparatus in embodiment.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and by embodiment, and following embodiment is to this hair Bright explanation and the invention is not limited in following embodiments.
A kind of composite material test equipment in the present embodiment includes power plant, clamping apparatus, detection device, work It stands, deformation detectors, horizontally moving device and torsion device.Power plant is being hung down for the lifting in vertical direction in test specimen It needs to elongate test specimen when histogram is to extension test.Clamping apparatus can clamp test specimen, and clamping apparatus connects with power plant Connect, need to detect when extension test the power that stretches how many, so need detection device, detection device is for detecting power Learn performance.In the present embodiment, power plant is servo motor, and servo motor is electrically connected with detection device, in the present invention, power dress It can be hydraulic device to set.In the present embodiment, deformation detectors are mounted in clamping apparatus.Clamping apparatus in the present embodiment is detailed Thin content sees below, and deformation detectors are connected with top plate.Deformation detectors can detect the deformation quantity of test specimen, and be integrated in and clamp Composite material test equipment is enabled in device while there are two types of functions for tool.Horizontally moving device connect with clamping apparatus, turns round Rotary device.Torsion device is connect with clamping apparatus.Horizontally moving device and clamping apparatus cooperation, horizontally moving device include one turn Lever, rotating bar coordinates with No. two inner splints, when rotating bar rotates so that No. two inner splint offsets, so as to examine The shear stress of test block.Similarly, device is grappled on the connector of servo motor and top plate, is started when torsion device When, the micro- torsion of top plate, so as to measure the torsional capacity of test specimen.
In the present embodiment, deformation detectors are mounted in the card slot of inner splint.It is set between deformation detectors and inner splint It is equipped with flexible material.Flexible material can make there is certain deformation space between deformation detectors and test specimen, and can be with The collision for preventing deformation detectors and card slot bottom extends the usage time of deformation detectors.
Deformation detectors are contacted with test specimen, and test specimen table can be only attached under the extruding of external splint and inner splint Face is detected.In the present embodiment, deformation detectors include substrate, are fixed on substrate multi beam fibre-optic bundle and with The photodetector of fibre-optic bundle connection.Fibre-optic bundle is U-shaped structure, there is the fibre-optic bundle of two classes, similar optical fiber Beam is arranged in parallel, foreign peoples's fibre-optic bundle vertical arrangement.Multi beam fibre-optic bundle has the ability for passing to light, U-shaped structure energy Enough so that the both ends of fibre-optic bundle all connect on the photo-detector, the deformation on test specimen is adjacent to if test specimen deforms upon Corresponding deformation also occurs for detector, to measure deflection.In the present invention, deformation detectors can also be that another way is real Existing, deformation detectors packet anode layer, layer of pressure sensitive, negative electrode layer and mainboard, anode layer, layer of pressure sensitive and negative electrode layer are folded successively It closes, test point isolated mutually, each positive test point electrically connected mainboard, the corresponding position on negative electrode layer is provided in anode layer It is provided with negative testing point, each negative testing point electrically connected mainboard.
When the composite material test equipment of the present invention uses, test specimen is put into No.1 inner splint and No. two inner splints Card slot in, then by No.1 external splint and two extra Boards walls on No.1 inner splint and No. two inner splints, tried with fixed Then part starts servo motor, test specimen is enabled to stretch, and test specimen can detect various Mechanical Datas after stretching, and is broken in test specimen Before, various mechanical index can be detected using horizontally moving device and/or torsion device.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Figure 14 show that a kind of composite material test equipment clamping apparatus, the clamping apparatus include bottom plate, consolidate Fixed board, No.1 inner splint, No.1 external splint, guide rod, top plate, No. two inner splints and two extra clamping plates, fixed plate are fixed on bottom plate On, No.1 inner splint is mounted in fixed plate, and No.1 external splint coordinates with No.1 inner splint, and guide rod has fixing end and lift side, Fixing end is fixed on bottom plate, and top plate is flexibly connected with lift side, and No. two inner splints are installed on top plate, two extra clamping plates and No. two Inner splint coordinates, and No.1 inner splint is both provided with card slot with No.1 external splint, and No. two inner splints are both provided with two extra clamping plates Card slot.Clamping apparatus further includes backing plate in the present embodiment, and backing plate is that can bear strong pressure, and backing plate has low elasticity.Wherein one Number inner splint and No. two inner splints are referred to as inner splint, and No.1 external splint and two extra clamping plates are referred to as external splint.
Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 shows bottom plate, and base plate quality is bigger, and stability is good.It is provided on bottom plate and clamps the recessed of fixed plate Slot, groove and fixed plate tight fit.Two through hole is provided on bottom plate, guide rod is mounted in through-hole, and guide rod is connected with bottom plate by key It connects.Tight fit between key connection Kong Yujian on guide rod.
There are four threaded holes, fixed plate, and corresponding position is provided with through-hole for setting on bottom plate, and the fluting being threaded through is heavy Head screw enables fixed plate be fixed with bottom plate.Bottom plate groove bottom is provided with the concave-convex position agreed with mutually with fixed plate bottom, disappears Except the vibrations between bottom plate and fixed plate.
Figure 11, Figure 12 and Figure 13 show that fixed plate, fixed plate are L-shaped structure, and fixed plate includes that transverse slat and riser form, Transverse slat is embedded into bottom plate, and transverse slat is embedded into bottom plate and allows to convenient and accurately positions fixed plate, and is installed It is also very convenient with dismantling.Transverse slat is equipped with small recesses with riser intersection, which can clamp backing plate.Using small-sized recessed Slot clamping can facilitate positioning backing plate, can also prevent backing plate from shifting in use.
In the present invention, fixed plate can also be semi-open structure, with easy disassembly inner splint and external splint, the L of fixed plate Shape structure can make the fixation inner splint that can either stablize, and enable to fixation that can be connected on floor, due to outer clip Plate is not directly anchored on fixed plate or bottom plate, so external splint can be replaced flexibly, in use, can be adjusted outer The subtle quality of clamping plate reduces influence of the disturbance to test equipment of smile to balance the Mass Distribution of various aspects.Fixed plate Certain cure process is passed through on surface, so that fixed plate can be bonded between inner splint.
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 show No.1 inner splint.In the present embodiment, No.1 inner splint is fixed in fixed plate, in this hair Bright middle No.1 inner splint and fixed plate can be integrated casting, although fixed plate and the No.1 clamping plate of integrally casting reduce replacement Flexibility, but slight void can be reduced between fixed plate and No.1 clamping plate on being influenced caused by test equipment.
In the present embodiment, at least one protrusion is arranged in the card slot bottom of No.1 inner splint, as shown in figure 4, card slot bottom Protrusion continuously rehearse, and there is no gap between two neighboring protrusion.In the present embodiment, protrusion is mainly round table-like knot Structure, and the angle between the busbar of round platform and axis is 45 degree, this angle is the best angle of design and manufacture.In the present invention In, protrusion is to be covered with setting in card slot, and protrusion can make test specimen and card slot bottom have certain cushioning effect, not directly Neck test specimen is connect to contact with card slot bottom, it is right due to the minute movement between test specimen and inner splint during test to prevent Inner splint causes to wear, and reduces the service life of inner splint, and in addition excessive abrasion will also result in certain thin for test specimen Micro- deformation so that test is inaccurate.
In the present embodiment, protrusion naturally has certain elasticity, although protrusion is also using the bigger gold of rigidity Category is fabricated, but has the shape presented with protrusion that it is enabled to have certain elasticity.It is smooth why protrusion is not suitable for Semicircular structure, be because semicircular structure although reduces the contact area with test specimen and reduce abrasion and to test essence The influence of exactness, but small area contact enables and generates prodigious pressure between protrusion and test specimen, to generate deformation, influences to survey Examination.
In the present embodiment, the card slot of No.1 inner splint is the straight slot of strip structure, is mutually matched with the shape of test specimen.One Number inner splint is additionally provided with the screw hole being connect with fixed plate, and the quantity of the screw hole is two, and position is placed exactly in No.1 inner clip The middle part of plate, card slot also are located at the middle part of No.1 inner splint, and certain screw hole is located at two faces of No.1 inner splint, and spiral shell with card slot Hole and card slot not through.
The shape of No.1 inner splint entirety is, including main part and four arm parts, and main part is setting card slot, And it is connected and fixed the position of plate screw hole, it should be noted that the thickness of main part necessarily is greater than the half of its width, To enable it with basic intensity to bear the strength of the torsion of four arms.Each arm position offers connection outer clip Through-hole used in plate, the shape of through holes is generally circular in cross section, and size accounts for 60 or so the percent of arm position.In the present embodiment, it is It enables No.1 inner splint have preferably to coordinate with No.1 external splint, is provided with the circle of protrusion around No.1 inner splint through-hole Cyclic structure, and the through-hole of annulus and No.1 inner splint penetrates through, and to be inserted into No.1 external splint corresponding for ring-shaped structure In through-hole.So that No.1 inner splint and the even closer cooperation of No.1 external splint, can reduce error and reduce No.1 inner clip Relative movement between plate and No.1 external splint.
Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 shows No.1 external splint, integrally similar to No.1 inner splint in No.1 external splint overall structure, but It is that No.1 external splint does not have the position being connect with fixed plate.No.1 external splint is more succinct in structure thus, No.1 outer clip Plate also has the protrusion being mutually matched with No.1 inner splint.It is mutual in general between No.1 inner splint and No.1 external splint It is matched, it is mutually adjacent to due to being needed between No.1 inner splint and No.1 external splint, and generate prodigious power between each other, so No.1 inner splint needs that face being close to that deep clean is needed to handle with No.1 external splint, to ensure relative clean.Due to one Number inner splint and the mutual cooperation of No.1 external splint clamp test specimen, and No.1 inner splint is fixed in fixed plate, so an extra Clamping plate has certain adjustment quality and Mass Distribution degree of freedom.In the present invention, No.1 external splint is overleaf provided with numerous The back side of circular groove, No.1 external splint refers to the reverse side that card slot is arranged, and is also filled out with the small-sized of these circular groove tight fits Object is filled, circular groove size is small, and quantity is more.In use, if discovering device quality is on the whole not during the test Enough balances, can be by the position and quantity of the small-sized filler of adjusting addition come the performance of balancing equipment.So that the essence of test Spend higher.
In the present embodiment, No.1 inner splint is bolted with No.1 external splint by four.Certain present invention can also have Better connection type.
Figure 10 shows that guide rod, guide rod have fixing end and lift side, fixing end to be fixed on bottom plate, and top plate is lived with lift side Dynamic connection.Guide rod is string configuration, is to enable top plate that can be moved up and down in guide rod, the lift side of guide rod is inserted into top thus The through-hole of plate enables top plate that can freely up and down move, to enable a device to normal operation.Guide rod surface must do smooth treatment, To reduce the friction noise in lifting process, measuring accuracy is improved.In the present embodiment, guide rod is generally two, respectively symmetrically Setting, guide rod are made of the very strong material of rigidity, prevent the miniature deformation of guide rod.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Figure 14 show the overall structure of clamping apparatus.Wherein No. two can be straight between inner splint and top plate Connect in succession, can also again No. two fixed plate is provided between inner splint and top plate.
In the present embodiment, No. two are provided with fixed plate between inner splint and top plate, fixed plate is fixed on top plate, fixed plate It is connect with inner splint.Two extra clamping plates and No. two inner splints coordinate.In the present embodiment, the shape of No. two inner splints and No.1 inner splint Shape and structure are all identical, so unspecial illustrates No. two inner splints, similarly two extra clamping plates and No.1 outer clip The shape and structure of plate are also the same, so also unspecial illustrate two extra clamping plates.
In the present embodiment, top plate top is connected with hydraulic device or voltage power apparatus, the direct conducting pressure of top plate, and pushes up Plate is transportable, and top plate can move up and down on guide rod.Top plate, the fixed plate being fixed on top plate, No. two Inner splint and two extra clamping plates can move up and down on the whole.So that quality is bigger on the whole for moving parts, operational process is enabled Middle vibration generates smaller.It is provided with backing plate between the fixed plate being fixed on top plate in the present embodiment and No. two inner splints, Gu It is also equipped with backing plate between the fixed plate being scheduled on top plate and two extra clamping plates, the two backing plates can be same backing plate.Backing plate For shockproof movable plate, vibrations can be reduced.
In the present embodiment, micro pressure mechanism for testing is provided between inner splint and external splint.No.1 inner splint and one No.1 micro pressure mechanism for testing is provided between extra clamping plate.Be provided between No. two inner splints and two extra clamping plates No. two it is micro- Type pressure test mechanism.Micro pressure mechanism for testing is the mechanism for measuring small pressure and pressure change, miniature pressure Power mechanism for testing is directly connected to computer.Before test equipment test, need the upper end of test specimen being mounted on No. two inner splints Between two extra clamping plates, and the lower end of test specimen is mounted between No.1 inner splint and No.1 external splint, test specimen is all installed on Inner splint is formed by with external splint card slot in space, by protrusion clamping test specimen.But during the test, due in No.1 If pressure, No. two inner splints between clamping plate and No.1 external splint and the pressure between two extra clamping plates differ greatly, will So that accept gap excessive for the top of test specimen and the lower part of test specimen, and test piece deformation is enabled, the confidence level of test can be reduced in this way.For This is provided with No.1 micro pressure mechanism for testing between No.1 inner splint and No.1 external splint.No. two inner splints and two extras press from both sides No. two micro pressure mechanism for testing are provided between plate.Pass through comparison data, it may be convenient to pressure between the two is adjusted, with Coordinate the force-bearing situation between test specimen top and the bottom.
Whether micro pressure mechanism for testing real-time monitoring and test can also be normally carried out during test, if No. two micro- The numerical value of type pressure test mechanism is significantly greater than No.1 micro pressure mechanism for testing, that just illustrates that the top of test specimen is expanding, And this will lead to the inaccuracy of test result, it is necessary to adjust.
By pressure change of the integrating micro pressure test mechanism on certain time, it is known that disturbing test equipment Vibration concentrates in those frequencies, and can deduce these frequencies according to these frequencies probably goes out between those components, with this Adjust the installation of clamping apparatus.Micro pressure mechanism for testing is by hydroscope and the groups of springs being sleeved on outside hydroscope At.

Claims (5)

1. for the test equipment of composite materials property, including:
Power plant, for the lifting in vertical direction;
Clamping apparatus, the clamping apparatus are connect with the power plant, and the clamping apparatus is for clamping test specimen;
Detection device, the detection device is for detecting mechanical property;
Work station is electrically connected with the detection device;
It is characterized in that:Further include deformation detectors, the deformation detectors are mounted in the clamping apparatus, described to clamp dress It sets including bottom plate, fixed plate, No.1 inner splint, No.1 external splint, guide rod, top plate, No. two inner splints and two extra clamping plates, it is fixed Plate is fixed on bottom plate, and No.1 inner splint is mounted in fixed plate, and No.1 external splint coordinates with No.1 inner splint, and guide rod has fixation End and lift side, fixing end are fixed on bottom plate, and top plate is flexibly connected with lift side, and No. two inner splints are installed on top plate, No. two External splint and No. two inner splints coordinate, and No.1 inner splint is both provided with card slot, No. two inner splints and two extras with No.1 external splint Clamping plate is both provided with card slot, and the deformation detectors are mounted in the card slot of the inner splint, in the deformation detectors and institute It states and is provided with flexible material between inner splint, the deformation detectors include substrate, the multi beam optical fiber that is fixed on substrate Beam and the photodetector being connect with the fibre-optic bundle, the deformation detectors packet anode layer, layer of pressure sensitive, negative electrode layer And mainboard, the anode layer, the layer of pressure sensitive and the negative electrode layer overlap successively, and mutual orphan is provided in the anode layer Vertical positive test point, each positive test point are electrically connected the mainboard, and corresponding position is provided with negative on the negative electrode layer Test point, each negative testing point are electrically connected the mainboard.
2. according to the test equipment described in claim 1 for composite materials property, it is characterised in that:The optical fiber Beam is U-shaped structure, there is the fibre-optic bundle described in two classes, and similar fibre-optic bundle is arranged in parallel, and foreign peoples's fibre-optic bundle is vertical Arrangement.
3. according to the test equipment described in claim 1 for composite materials property, it is characterised in that:The power plant For servo motor or hydraulic device.
4. according to the test equipment described in claim 1 for composite materials property, it is characterised in that:It further include horizontal shifting Dynamic device, the horizontally moving device are connect with the clamping apparatus.
5. according to the test equipment described in claim 1 for composite materials property, it is characterised in that:It further include torsion dress It sets, the torsion device is connect with the clamping apparatus.
CN201410711749.7A 2014-11-28 2014-11-28 Test equipment for composite materials property Active CN105136567B (en)

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CN110514520A (en) * 2019-08-30 2019-11-29 北京航空航天大学 A kind of semi-solid preparation fibreglass-reinforced metal laminate interlayer cohesion force test method

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CN100575914C (en) * 2007-04-29 2009-12-30 北京科技大学 A kind of constant Loading tension-compression test machine
JP4883307B2 (en) * 2007-07-04 2012-02-22 株式会社島津製作所 Material testing machine
CN101694444B (en) * 2009-10-22 2011-05-25 国际竹藤网络中心 Mechanical property test method for fabric and textile structural composite materials
CN202757833U (en) * 2012-08-21 2013-02-27 无锡通用钢绳有限公司 Steel wire rope tension tester clamp
CN202735164U (en) * 2012-08-29 2013-02-13 黑龙江工程学院 Compression performance testing fixture of composite material laminated wood
CN104101532A (en) * 2013-04-09 2014-10-15 中国科学院金属研究所 Fixture for axial push-pull fatigue testing of metal thin-walled tube sample in high-temperature and high-pressure water
CN204831912U (en) * 2014-11-28 2015-12-02 振石集团恒石纤维基业有限公司 A test equipment for mechanics of composites performance

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