CN105136445A - Self-balancing-type method of realizing building test component end portion constraint and apparatus thereof - Google Patents
Self-balancing-type method of realizing building test component end portion constraint and apparatus thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105136445A CN105136445A CN201510622360.XA CN201510622360A CN105136445A CN 105136445 A CN105136445 A CN 105136445A CN 201510622360 A CN201510622360 A CN 201510622360A CN 105136445 A CN105136445 A CN 105136445A
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Abstract
The invention provides a self-balancing-type apparatus of realizing a building test component end portion constraint. The apparatus comprises a test component, a supporting frame, a constraint system and a measurement system, wherein the supporting frame is used for supporting the component; the constraint system comprises a cantilever beam and a suspension beam; the cantilever beam is connected to the frame and is located below the component; the suspension beam is located below the cantilever beam and is suspended on an end portion of the component; the measurement system comprises a force sensor; and the force sensor is located between the cantilever beam and the suspension beam. The invention also provides a self-balancing-type method of realizing the building test component end portion constraint.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the experimental technique field of building structure, when particularly relating to a kind of experimental study, self-balancing type realizes method and the device of building test component end restraint.
Technical background
Building structure is combined according to certain connected mode by basic building blocks such as a series of beam, plate, posts, jointly resists external loads that buildings bears and bear interior load and deadweight.For grasping the mechanical property of single component under all kinds of load situation, carrying out scientific experiment is indispensable research means.Due to differences such as the mode of building, overlapping mode, support conditionses, single component is more diversified with the boundary condition of periphery connected structure, and the boundary condition of the single component of accurate simulation is one of committed step obtaining efficiency test data.In national standard " Standard for test methods of concrete structures " (GB/T50152-2012), require the realistic convenient constraint condition of fulcrum arrangement of test component and accept the calculation diagram of state, and describing the way of realization of several hinged-support wherein.In actual tests process, except test component is supported, need that end restraint is applied to test component simultaneously and carry out simulating boundary condition, as end restraint moment of flexure etc.If realize above-mentioned end restraint, can with reference to the implementation of cantilever test piece end position of fixity in national standard the 5.13rd section, suggestion which is only " programmatic ", there is no the concrete scheme implemented.In general, researchist by the earth anchor in laboratory and reaction frame, the end restraint realizing building element that can be easy.But, when running into following situation, realizing end restraint can be comparatively difficult: when (1) lacks earth anchor and counterforce device when conducting a research outside laboratory, such as carrying out the situation such as the in-situ test of buildings, outdoor structure performance test, not possessing the condition and device that apply counter-force.(2) though in laboratory, earth anchor and counterforce device Lack of support or when using inconvenient.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of method for realizing building element end restraint when testing and device, can facilitate, the power that imposes restriction accurately forms restraining moment.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of self-balancing type realizes the device of building test component end restraint, comprise a test component, one for supporting the scaffold of described component, and described test component is according to test objective, can be steel construction or concrete component, Ru Liang, plate, composite floor etc.Described test component is positioned on scaffold, and generally, beam needs supported at two edges, and plate then has the multiple situations such as both sides, three limits or supported along four sides.
One constrained system, comprises the semi-girder that is connected to described framework, and being positioned at below semi-girder and hanging on the hanging beam of described component ends, described semi-girder length stretches out the external dimensions of described framework close to top test component.
One measuring system, comprises a force snesor, and described force snesor is between described semi-girder and described hanging beam.Described sensor connects one and gathers computer.
In a preferred embodiment, described constrained system also comprises a flat beams, and described flat beams to be positioned at above described component ends and to be connected with described hanging beam.
In a preferred embodiment, described flat beams is connected with described hanging beam by screw, and described screw, through described component ends, forms constraint by adjusting screw to described component ends.
In a preferred embodiment, described scaffold also has a bearing, and described component is placed on described bearing.
In a preferred embodiment, described bearing comprises backing plate and roller bearing.Described backing plate comprises upper padding plate and lower bolster, when bearing is installed, is first welded on lower bolster by roller bearing, and then spots weld on support frame by secondary integrated spaced property, afterwards upper padding plate is positioned over roller bearing top, finally places test component.
Self-balancing type realizes a method for building test component end restraint, comprises the following steps:
(1) processing experiment component;
(2) scaffold is processed;
(3) test component is placed on scaffold;
(4) installation and debugging constrained system as claimed in claim 3;
(5) test and record data are started.
In a preferred embodiment, when step (1) processing experiment component, prepared screw-bolt hole on described component ends.
In a preferred embodiment, when step (2) processing scaffold, be also included on framework and semi-girder is installed.Also comprise the bearing of processing installation for supporting member, described bearing comprises backing plate and roller bearing; Described backing plate comprises upper padding plate and lower bolster, when bearing is installed, is first welded on lower bolster by roller bearing, and then spots weld on support frame by secondary integrated spaced property, afterwards upper padding plate is positioned over roller bearing top, places test component after wait.
In a preferred embodiment, when step (4) installation and debugging constrained system, flat beams, component, hanging beam are alignd and connect with screw; Headspace installing force sensor between described overarm arm and hanging beam.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1) test unit of the present invention's design makes simple, easy to operate, is easy to install.
2) self-regulation.Ground anchor type the way of restraint in the past, needs to rely on outside external force frame could balance with the constraining force applied, and in the present invention, direct and self the semi-girder of the constraining force of device and support frame balance, and belong to internal balance.
3) without the need to by force application apparatus such as lifting jack, end constraining force size is gathered in conjunction with computer, only by the initial restraining moment of constraint of building element end manually just can be applied.
4) good economy performance of this device, than construction earth anchor engineering, makes counterforce device, buys the expenses such as lifting jack low, and can reuse.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of embodiment one;
Fig. 2 is the front elevation of embodiment one constrained system;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of embodiment one;
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of embodiment one flat beams and hanging beam;
Specific embodiment
In order to make technical solution of the present invention clearly, now the present invention is described in further details with accompanying drawing in conjunction with the embodiments:
1-4 by reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is a kind of device in order to realize building test component 6 end restraint power, comprises the framework for supporting test component 6, comprise Vierendeel girder 1, frame column 11, and on framework the bearing of test component 6, described bearing is made up of billet 3 and steel roller bearing 5.
An overarm arm 4 is also provided with perpendicular to Vierendeel girder 1 in the centre of Vierendeel girder 1, be positioned at below overarm arm 4 and have a hanging beam 10, the length of hanging beam 10 answers counterpart member 6 to stretch out the external dimensions of support, hanging beam 10 is connected with the flat beams 7 be positioned on test component 6 end by adding long screw 8, adds long screw 8 through test component 6.Described overarm arm 4, hanging beam 10, flat beams 7 and add long screw 8 and form constrained system of the present invention.
Between overarm arm 4 and hanging beam 10, also have space, for placing force snesor 9, described force snesor 9 is also connected to a collection computer (not shown).
This device is realized by following steps:
(1) processing experiment component.According to test objective, processing and fabricating steel construction or concrete component, Ru Liang, plate, composite floor etc., i.e. test component 6.During making, need at the bearing place outward flange processing restrained end relevant position prepared screw-bolt hole of design so that the later stage forms constraint, the position of preformed hole need with flat beams 7 and hanging beam 10 in the middle part of hole adapt, to pass through when the later stage installs.
(2) scaffold is processed.Test component needs independently to be placed on supporting structure, and generally, beam needs supported at two edges, and plate then has the multiple situations such as both sides, three limits, supported along four sides.What was certain was that, on each supporting border, need framed structure to bear deadweight and the experiment load of upper component.Generally.Framed structure has Vierendeel girder 1, and frame column 11 is formed by connecting.And in order to realize content of the present invention, also need to carry out following transformation:
1. in the appropriate position forming constraint, the central region perpendicular to Vierendeel girder 1 welds one section of joist steel, and form semi-girder 4, length should stretch out the external dimensions of bearing close to top test component 6.
2. for making Vierendeel girder 1 can keep out larger moment of torsion, in the both sides of the joist steel of framework 1, with closure steel plate 2, Vierendeel girder cross section is transformed into closed cross-section, to obtain larger torsional rigidity, Vierendeel girder cross section after closing reliably must be connected with the frame column at two ends, and preferred mode is the dual connected mode by bolt and welding.
In addition, when processing scaffold, according to testing requirements, the support style erection support of advising according to national standard " Standard for test methods of concrete structures " (GB/T50152-2012).Fixed-hinged support as shown in Figure 3, is first welded on bottom billet 3 by steel roller bearing 5, then this integrated spaced property is spoted weld supporting frame and sets a roof beam in place on the upper surface of joist steel 1, finally by upper steel backing plate 3 pre-placing in the top of steel roller bearing.
(3) test component 6 is lifted on supporting frame structure.
(4) install and debug constrained system.Composition graphs 4, flat beams 7 is by upper batten plate 7-1, lower batten plate 7-4, and two equal angle 7-2, closed steel plate 7-3 etc. are welded.Wherein, upper batten plate 7-1 and lower batten plate 7-4 disconnects in the region that end bolt is passed through, and can refer to Fig. 1.Hanging beam 10 is by two channel-section steel 10-2, up and down batten plate 10-1 be welded, wherein disconnect at the region batten plate that bolt passes through, allow two to add long screw 8 and pass through.Installation process:
1. the end regions fine sand of experimental member 6 is levelling now.
2. flat beams 7 is placed in component surface, wherein should be noted that hole aligning reserved on the middle part hole of flat beams 7 and component 6.
3. will add long screw 8 and stretch into reserving hole.
4. will add the hole of bottom by hanging beam 10 of long screw 8, and be tightened by bottom nut, now the middle part of hanging beam 10 should be positioned at the below of overarm arm 4, and reserved sufficient space installing force sensor 9.
5. the data acquisition line concentration of force snesor 9 is connected with computer, and carries out preliminary debugging.
6. converse the preliminary examination power that need apply at sensor place according to the calculation diagram of the restraining moment size preset and this device, start to apply power by the nut bottom rotating lengthening screw 8, and ensure that the degree of two ends cap rotation is suitable, ensure the level of hanging beam 10, can by placing surveyor's staff to check on hanging beam 10.
7. constrained system installation.
(5) after debugging, by arranging force snesor 9, can in detection experiment process, the process of constraining force change, thus grasp the situation of end restraint.
(6) analyzing and processing test figure, sums up experimental phenomena.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (10)
1. self-balancing type realizes a device for building test component end restraint, and it is characterized in that: comprise a test component, one for supporting the scaffold of described component;
One constrained system, comprises one and is connected to described framework and is positioned at the semi-girder below described component, to be positioned at below semi-girder and to hang on the hanging beam of described component ends;
One measuring system, comprises a force snesor, and described force snesor is between described semi-girder and described hanging beam.
2. self-balancing type as claimed in claim 1 realizes the device of building test component end restraint, it is characterized in that: described constrained system also comprises a flat beams, and described flat beams to be positioned at above described component ends and to be connected with described hanging beam.
3. self-balancing type as claimed in claim 2 realizes the device of building test component end restraint, and it is characterized in that, described flat beams is connected with described hanging beam by screw, and described screw is through described component ends.
4. self-balancing type as claimed in claim 1 realizes the device of building test component end restraint, and it is characterized in that: described scaffold also has a bearing, described component is placed on described bearing.
5. self-balancing type as claimed in claim 4 realizes the device of building test component end restraint, it is characterized in that: described bearing comprises backing plate and roller bearing.
6. self-balancing type realizes a method for building test component end restraint, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) processing experiment component;
(2) scaffold is processed;
(3) test component is placed on scaffold;
(4) installation and debugging constrained system as claimed in claim 3;
(5) test and record data are started.
7. self-balancing type as claimed in claim 6 realizes the method for building test component end restraint, it is characterized in that: when step (1) processing experiment component, prepared screw-bolt hole on described component ends.
8. self-balancing type as claimed in claim 7 realizes the method for building test component end restraint, it is characterized in that: when step (2) processing scaffold, be also included on framework and install semi-girder.
9. self-balancing type as claimed in claim 8 realizes the method for building test component end restraint, it is characterized in that: when step (4) installation and debugging constrained system, and flat beams, component, hanging beam are alignd and connected with screw; Headspace installing force sensor between described overarm arm and hanging beam.
10. self-balancing type as claimed in claim 9 realizes the method for building test component end restraint, it is characterized in that: when step (2) process support framework, also comprise the bearing of processing installation for supporting member, described bearing comprises backing plate and roller bearing; Described backing plate comprises upper padding plate and lower bolster, when bearing is installed, is first welded on lower bolster by roller bearing, and then spots weld on support frame by secondary integrated spaced property, afterwards upper padding plate is positioned over roller bearing top, places test component after wait.
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| CN201510622360.XA CN105136445B (en) | 2015-09-25 | 2015-09-25 | A kind of self-balancing type realizes the method and device of building test component end restraint |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111442867A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-07-24 | 华侨大学 | Testing device and method for horizontal restraining force of beam end |
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| CN105136445B (en) | 2017-07-21 |
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