CN105136106B - One kind can not the point of arrival forest electricity through the accurate observation procedure of method - Google Patents

Abstract

One kind can not the point of arrival forest electricity through the accurate observation procedure of method, it is characterized in that：Flat site A point sets up electronic theodolite at the foot of the hill, and in the line rod that the front known length of C point placement nearby is L so that electronic theodolite, line rod, forest D point to be measured are point-blank；Zenith distance α on line rod top 1 is measured by A point_A1, zenith distance α at line rod bottom 2_A2, then zenith distance α for being measured forest top 1 by A point_A1', zenith distance α at forest bottom 2_A2′；Again electronic theodolite is moved linearly to B point along same, zenith distance α on line rod top 1 is measured by B point_B1, zenith distance α at line rod bottom 2_B2, then zenith distance α for being measured forest top 1 by B point_B1', zenith distance α at forest bottom 2_B2′；The above 8 groups of data of record, try to achieve can not point of arrival D tree height n to be measured；Determine can not point of arrival D forest to be measured diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground position；Horizontal sextant angle β can not be obtained, tries to achieve the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of forest to be measured at the forest diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of point of arrival D in the observation of B point.

Description

One kind can not the point of arrival forest electricity through the accurate observation procedure of method

First, technical field

The technology belongs to mapping method technical field.

2nd, technical background

As in actual environment, forest zone physical features is complicated, mountain peak is precipitous, the trees in some places be not accessibility, or It is difficult to carry instrument, the height of tree of the trees in such place and the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground are difficult to measure.

Provided by the present invention can not point of arrival forest electricity through the accurate observation procedure of method, be by setting up on the point of arrival Electronic theodolite and line rod measure, and are converted by geometrical relationship, so as to try to achieve can not the tree height of the point of arrival and the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, A measurement difficult problem in actual field operation is solved, so as to lift the efficiency of field operation measurement.

3rd, content of the invention

One kind can not the point of arrival forest electricity through the accurate observation procedure of method, it is characterized in that：Flat site A point sets up at the foot of the hill Electronic theodolite, and in the line rod that the front known length of C point placement nearby is L so that electronic theodolite, line rod, woods to be measured Wooden D point is point-blank；Zenith distance α on line rod top 1 is measured by A point_A1, zenith distance α at line rod bottom 2_A2, then by A Point measures zenith distance α at forest top 1_A1', zenith distance α at forest bottom 2_A2′；Again by electronic theodolite along same straight line B point is moved to, and zenith distance α on line rod top 1 is measured by B point_B1, zenith distance α at line rod bottom 2_B2, then woods is measured by B point Zenith distance α at wooden top 1_B1', zenith distance α at forest bottom 2_B2′；The above 8 groups of data of record；According to geometry relation, Try to achieve can not point of arrival D tree height n to be measured computing formula：

Wherein：

According to above-mentioned measured value determine can not point of arrival D forest to be measured diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground position；By geometry relation, obtain：

Therefore, when the zenith distance in B point observation D point forest to be measured is α_B3' when, you can determine position at the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground.

Horizontal sextant angle β can not be obtained, is gained knowledge by geometry and try to achieve the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground at the forest diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of point of arrival D in the observation of B point Computing formula is：

Method provided by the present invention has advantages below：Be by electronic theodolite and line rod can be being set up on the point of arrival Measure, converted by geometrical relationship, so as to try to achieve can not the tree height of the point of arrival and the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, solve in actual field operation A measurement difficult problem, so as to lift the efficiency of field operation measurement.

4th, illustrate：

The present invention is further described with example below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is Observation principle schematic diagram.2 points of A, B are survey station point, and C point is line rod position, D point be can not the point of arrival woods Wooden position.

5th, specific embodiment：

1st, flat site A point sets up electronic theodolite at the foot of the hill, and is L in the front known length of C point placement nearby Line rod so that electronic theodolite, line rod, forest D point to be measured are point-blank；

2nd, zenith distance α on line rod top 1 is measured by A point_A1, zenith distance α at line rod bottom 2_A2, then woods is measured by A point Zenith distance α at wooden top 1_A1', zenith distance α at forest bottom 2_A2′；

3rd, again electronic theodolite is moved linearly to B point along same, zenith distance α on line rod top 1 is measured by B point_B1, flower Zenith distance α at bar bottom 2_B2, then zenith distance α for being measured forest top 1 by B point_B1', the zenith distance at forest bottom 2 α_B2′；

4th, above 8 groups of data are recorded, and according to geometry relation, try to achieve can not point of arrival D tree height n to be measured；

5th, determine can not point of arrival D forest to be measured diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground position；

6th, horizontal sextant angle β can not be obtained, tries to achieve the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of forest to be measured at the forest diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of point of arrival D in the observation of B point.

Claims (1)

1. one kind can not the point of arrival forest electricity through the accurate observation procedure of method, it is characterized in that：Flat site A point sets up electricity at the foot of the hill Sub- theodolite, and in the line rod that the front known length of C point placement nearby is L so that electronic theodolite, line rod, forest D to be measured Point is point-blank；Zenith distance α on line rod top 1 is measured by A point_A1, zenith distance α at line rod bottom 2_A2, then by A point Measure zenith distance α at forest top 1_A1', zenith distance α at forest bottom 2_A2′；Again electronic theodolite is moved along same straight line Move zenith distance α that line rod top 1 is measured to B point by B point_B1, zenith distance α at line rod bottom 2_B2, then forest is measured by B point Zenith distance α at top 1_B1', zenith distance α at forest bottom 2_B2′；The above 8 groups of data of record；According to geometry relation, ask Obtain the computing formula of the tree height n to be measured of point of arrival D：

$n=\frac{aL}{b}$

In formula, a, b are the coefficient of relationship that is surveyed after calculating between different zenith distances, respectively

$a=\frac{{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{A1}{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{A2}}{{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{A2}-{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{A1}}-\frac{{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{B1}{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{B2}}{{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{B2}-{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{B1}},b=\frac{{{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{A1}}^{\′}{{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{A2}}^{\′}}{{{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{A2}}^{\′}-{{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{A1}}^{\′}}-\frac{{{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{B1}}^{\′}{{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{B2}}^{\′}}{{{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{B2}}^{\′}-{{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{B1}}^{\′}};$

By institute's observation apex distance and geometry relation obtain can not the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground position of forest to be measured of point of arrival D be：

${{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{B3}}^{\′}=\frac{-{{\mathrm{aLtan\α}}_{B1}}^{\′}{\tan }^2{{\mathrm{\α}}_{B2}}^{\′}}{1.3{{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{B2}}^{\′}({{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{B2}}^{\′}-{{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{B1}}^{\′})-{{\mathrm{aLtan\α}}_{B1}}^{\′}{{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{B2}}^{\′}},$

Therefore, when the zenith distance in B point observation D point forest to be measured is α_B3' when, you can determine position at the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground；

According to calculated α_B3', the observation of B point can not position at the forest diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of point of arrival D, obtain horizontal sextant angle β, then by Geometry is gained knowledge and tries to achieve diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground d_1.3Computing formula be：

$d_{1.3}=2\tan \frac{\mathrm{\β}}{2}\·\frac{aL\left({{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{B1}}^{\′}{{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{B2}}^{\′}\right)}{b({{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{B2}}^{\′}-{{\mathrm{tan\α}}_{B1}}^{\′})}.$