CN105136085B - 一种激光熔覆中激光束与粉锥偏离度的测量方法 - Google Patents

一种激光熔覆中激光束与粉锥偏离度的测量方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN105136085B
CN105136085B CN201510427984.6A CN201510427984A CN105136085B CN 105136085 B CN105136085 B CN 105136085B CN 201510427984 A CN201510427984 A CN 201510427984A CN 105136085 B CN105136085 B CN 105136085B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
powder
irrelevance
laser beam
laser
measuring method
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201510427984.6A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN105136085A (zh
Inventor
李昊丞
杨雨晨
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beijing Aerospace Xinfeng Machinery Equipment Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Beijing Aerospace Xinfeng Machinery Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beijing Aerospace Xinfeng Machinery Equipment Co Ltd filed Critical Beijing Aerospace Xinfeng Machinery Equipment Co Ltd
Priority to CN201510427984.6A priority Critical patent/CN105136085B/zh
Publication of CN105136085A publication Critical patent/CN105136085A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN105136085B publication Critical patent/CN105136085B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Abstract

本发明提供了一种激光熔覆中激光束与粉锥偏离度的测量方法,该方法将偏离度按两垂直方向进行分解,放大了观测区间,采用熔覆试件而后剖切测量的方法能够定量计算偏离度;大大降低误差(ΔX>X、ΔY>Y);可以直接反映后期的激光束校准量;避免目光直视激光,确保了人身安全。

Description

一种激光熔覆中激光束与粉锥偏离度的测量方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种激光熔覆测量方法,特别是一种激光熔覆中激光束与粉锥偏离度的测量方法。
背景技术
激光熔覆是粉杯1中的粉末2通过管道3在喷嘴4中形成粉锥5并利用与之同轴的激光束6将粉锥熔化后喷射在基体7表面形成熔覆层(基体上)8和熔池(基体内)9的加工方法。加工原理如图1所示。
激光束与粉锥在轴向上的偏离度的测量是校准激光束的基础。一般采用目测法,具体方案是关闭粉末管道、开启激光束,将感光纸10贴到喷嘴4上,仰视观测激光束6在感光纸上形成的投影11与感光纸圆心12的偏离程度K(如图2、3所示),并实时校准激光束,直至使其投影位于感光纸的中心位置。
目测法存在以下3个问题:
1)误差大:激光熔覆头一般向下放置,测量者需扭曲身体,仰视目测。观测结果的不可靠性大大升高。采用目测的误差约为0.8mm。这将会极大影响熔覆加工质量。
2)具有一定危险性:激光加工严禁裸眼直视,目测风险极大。
3)调试反馈周期长:目测不能定量反映偏离度,校准后需要开启粉末通道,进行激光熔覆验证目测准确度。
发明内容
为解决以上问题,本发明提供了一种激光熔覆中激光束与粉锥偏离度的测量方法,克服了目测法的缺点。本发明的技术内容如下:
第一步,在粉杯中加注粉末;
第二步,开启粉末通道;
第三步,开启激光束;
第四步,在基体上激光熔覆两条轨迹垂直的试样;
第五步,对上述试样的横截面剖切制取金相;
第六步,分别测量两试样两正交方向上熔池与熔覆层的偏移量ΔX、ΔY,并据此公式X=(1-H/D)×(ΔX)/2、Y=(1-H/D)×(ΔY)/2计算出激光束与粉锥的偏离度X、Y。
其中ΔX、ΔY分别为两试样两正交方向上熔池与熔覆层的偏移量;
X、Y为激光束与粉锥的偏离度;
D为离焦量,H为机头高度。
该测量方法放大了观测区间,大大降低误差(ΔX>X、ΔY>Y);将偏离度按两垂直方向进行分解,可以直接反映后期的激光束校准量;采用熔覆试件而后剖切测量的方法能够定量计算偏离度;避免目光直视激光,确保了人身安全。
附图说明
图1是激光熔覆加工原理图;
图2是目测法侧视示意图;
图3是目测法仰视示意图;
图4是测量方法流程图;
图5是偏离度计算方法原理图。
具体实施方式
以316L不锈钢激光熔覆试验为例,技术方案具体实施如下:
1、加注不锈钢粉;
2、在试验台上装夹5mm厚316L钢板,用螺钉紧固压板;
3、编制熔覆试验程序,正离焦熔覆、激光功率700W、行走速度0.03m/s、机头高度12mm;行走路径50mm×50mm(两垂直方向),送粉量10g/min。运行程序;
4、剖切金相:在两垂直方向上用砂轮切割熔覆件,并用砂纸磨光;
5、用钝化膏涂抹腐蚀截面,观察并测量两试样中心偏移程度(腐蚀金相);计算激光束的偏离度;
6、偏离度计算方法如下:
设两正交方向熔覆层与熔池的偏移量分别为ΔY、ΔX,离焦量为D。则激光束在两个对应方向的偏离度分别为X=(1-H/D)×(ΔX)/2、Y=(1-H/D)×(ΔY)/2。

Claims (3)

1.一种激光束与粉锥偏离度的测量方法,其特征在于:在激光熔覆中,
第一步,在粉杯中加注粉末;
第二步,开启粉末通道;
第三步,开启激光束;
第四步,在基体上激光熔覆两条轨迹垂直的试样;
第五步,对上述试样的横截面剖切制取金相;
第六步,分别测量两试样上熔池与熔覆层的偏移量ΔX、ΔY,并据此公式X=(1-H/D)×(ΔX)/2、Y=(1-H/D)×(ΔY)/2计算出激光束与粉锥的偏离度X、Y;
其中ΔX、ΔY分别为两试样上熔池与熔覆层的偏移量;
X、Y为激光束与粉锥的偏离度;
D为离焦量,H为机头高度。
2.如权利要求1所述的激光束与粉锥偏离度的测量方法,其特征在于:步骤一中所述粉末 为不锈钢粉。
3.如权利要求1所述的激光束与粉锥偏离度的测量方法,其特征在于:步骤五中用砂轮切割熔覆件,并用砂纸磨光,制取金相。
CN201510427984.6A 2015-07-20 2015-07-20 一种激光熔覆中激光束与粉锥偏离度的测量方法 Active CN105136085B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510427984.6A CN105136085B (zh) 2015-07-20 2015-07-20 一种激光熔覆中激光束与粉锥偏离度的测量方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510427984.6A CN105136085B (zh) 2015-07-20 2015-07-20 一种激光熔覆中激光束与粉锥偏离度的测量方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN105136085A CN105136085A (zh) 2015-12-09
CN105136085B true CN105136085B (zh) 2018-01-02

Family

ID=54721525

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201510427984.6A Active CN105136085B (zh) 2015-07-20 2015-07-20 一种激光熔覆中激光束与粉锥偏离度的测量方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN105136085B (zh)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106367751B (zh) * 2016-09-14 2018-09-04 苏州柯莱得激光科技有限公司 立面激光熔覆成形工艺中熔道顶点偏移量的控制方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201071393Y (zh) * 2007-08-15 2008-06-11 北京有色金属研究总院 一种快速使同轴送粉粉末焦点与激光光斑重合的装置
CN201826015U (zh) * 2010-11-01 2011-05-11 苏州大学 一种用于激光熔覆的对光装置
CN103060795A (zh) * 2012-11-22 2013-04-24 北京工业大学 一种熔覆层宽度实时可变的激光加工工作头
CN103983203A (zh) * 2014-05-29 2014-08-13 苏州大学张家港工业技术研究院 一种激光熔覆熔池离焦量测量装置及其测量方法
CN104195545A (zh) * 2014-08-18 2014-12-10 苏州克兰兹电子科技有限公司 一种激光熔覆的校准装置

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2551376A4 (en) * 2010-03-25 2014-04-02 Osaka Municipal Tech Res Inst PROCESS FOR FORMING A METAL MEMBRANE

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201071393Y (zh) * 2007-08-15 2008-06-11 北京有色金属研究总院 一种快速使同轴送粉粉末焦点与激光光斑重合的装置
CN201826015U (zh) * 2010-11-01 2011-05-11 苏州大学 一种用于激光熔覆的对光装置
CN103060795A (zh) * 2012-11-22 2013-04-24 北京工业大学 一种熔覆层宽度实时可变的激光加工工作头
CN103983203A (zh) * 2014-05-29 2014-08-13 苏州大学张家港工业技术研究院 一种激光熔覆熔池离焦量测量装置及其测量方法
CN104195545A (zh) * 2014-08-18 2014-12-10 苏州克兰兹电子科技有限公司 一种激光熔覆的校准装置

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
基于激光加工机器人的光内送粉变基面熔覆研究;朱刚贤等;《中国激光》;20150331;第42卷(第3期);第0303010-1至0303010-6页 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN105136085A (zh) 2015-12-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9696142B2 (en) Method and apparatus for determining residual stresses of a component
CN106353284B (zh) 基于光谱诊断的激光增材制造过程中缺陷的在线诊断方法
Beghini et al. A procedure for evaluating high residual stresses using the blind hole drilling method, including the effect of plasticity
CN106001912B (zh) 一种焊接设备
CN105136085B (zh) 一种激光熔覆中激光束与粉锥偏离度的测量方法
Tabernero et al. Modeling of the geometry built-up by coaxial laser material deposition process
CN108875113A (zh) 变厚截面板激光焊接的熔深预测与控制方法及系统
CN105196002B (zh) 一种磁粉检测用带涂覆层人工裂纹缺陷试块的制作方法
CN114088503A (zh) 一种验证二次冷却凝固模型准确性方法
Norman et al. State-of-the-art of monitoring and imaging of laser welding defects
Li et al. Small punch test for weld heat affected zones
US11085903B2 (en) Method, device and use for the device for quantitatively determining the concentration or particle size of a component of a heterogeneous material mixture
JP2013095983A (ja) 溶射皮膜の品質評価方法
CN104330069A (zh) 一种快速测定金属镀层厚度的方法
Heinen et al. Helium-tight laser beam welding of aluminum with brillant laser beam radiation
Bally et al. Characterisation of weld heterogeneity through hardness mapping and miniature tensile testing
Sorgente et al. Evaluation of the strain behaviour of butt joints on AZ31 magnesium alloy thin sheets welded by Nd: YAG laser
JP6365813B2 (ja) 疲労強度推定方法
Gao et al. An in-process form error measurement system for precision machining
Al-Badani et al. Investigating the Effect of TIG Welding on the Surface Roughness of the Welded Closure of Thin Stainless Steel Tubes
Hess et al. Reference process for determination of thermal focus shift
CN111638177A (zh) 丝状微电极及其对电化学腐蚀速率的修正方法与应用
Hosseinzadeh et al. Measurements of residual stress in a welded compact tension specimen using the neutron diffraction and slitting techniques
Xie et al. Molten steel level measurement based on temperature attenuation characteristic
Okamoto et al. Characteristics of spatter in micro-drilling of metal sheet by pulsed Nd: YAG laser

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant