CN105131948A - Metal doped carbon points with high fluorescence quantum yield and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Metal doped carbon points with high fluorescence quantum yield and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides metal doped carbon points with high fluorescence quantum yield and a preparation method and application thereof. The pure metal-doped carbon points are primarily synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis method, and the pure metal-doped carbon points have high fluorescence quantum yield. The pure metal-doped carbon points can be prepared only by one-step reaction, the cost is low, reaction speed is quick, byproducts and intermediate products are fewer; at the same time the pure metal-doped carbon points have the characteristics of high fluorescence quantum yield, are expected to be used in human blood trace Fe<3+> detection, and have broad application prospects in biological detection and sewage treatment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of nanometer material technology, be specifically related to a kind of metal-doped carbon point and its preparation method and application, particularly relate to a kind of Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar carbon point with high-fluorescence quantum yield and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
Carbon has various electronic orbit characteristic (sp, sp
2, sp
3), therefore can form the peculiar material of many structures and characteristics, as carbon nanotube, soccerballene, Nano diamond, Graphene and graphene oxide etc.The reported first such as Xu in 2004 carbon point, they in use gel electrophoresis from the carbon ash that arc-over produces during separating single-wall carbon nanotube, find the carbon nano-particles with fluorescence property, open up new era of novel fluorescence sensitive material (see X.D.Xu, R.Ray, Y.L.Gu, etal.ElectrophoreticAnalysisandPurificationofFluorescent Single-walledcarbonNanotubeFragments [J], JamChemSoc, 2004,126 (40): 12736-12737).
Luminous carbon point (Carbondots, CDs) is that the size of skeleton structure is less than the spherical nano particle of the class of 10nm with carbon.As a kind of novel fluorescent nano material, carbon point not only has the fluorescence property similar to semiconductor-quantum-point, also has the advantage of the low and good biocompatibility of toxicity.In addition, carbon point also has that preparation is simple, cost is low and easily realize the advantages such as scale operation.Therefore, carbon point has broad application prospects in fields such as cell marking, cell imaging, medical diagnosis, analyzing and testing.
The cheaper starting materials of carbon point is easy to get, but a lot of fluorescence of carbon point adopting different raw materials to synthesize as carbon source is very weak, or even does not have fluorescence.In order to improve the luminous intensity of gained carbon point, widen its application in fields such as cell markings, select suitable carbon source and effective preparation method improving luminous intensity, simple and easy preparation good water solubility and the high carbon point of luminous intensity still have very large exploration space, and wherein element doping is a kind of effective means improving fluorescence intensity.
In the carbon point of doping, current research mainly concentrate on sulphur, nitrogen monad doping or diatomic doping carbon point on, such as CN104726098A discloses the carbon quantum dot of a kind of sulphur, nitrogen codope high-fluorescence quantum yield, wherein, the carbon source of carbon quantum dot is provided by Trisodium Citrate, sulphur source and nitrogenous source are all provided by sulphamide, material dissolution is reacted in hydrothermal reaction kettle, carry out separation after product naturally cooling to be synthesized and obtain solution, will just obtain sulphur, the nitrogen codope carbon quantum dot of high-fluorescence quantum yield after solution drying; CN104449693A discloses a kind of preparation method of fluorescent carbon quantum dot of nitrogen sulfur doping, it take citric acid as carbon source, GSH is the agent of nitrogen sulfur doping, by microwave oven for reacting platform, the carbon quantum dot with fluorescence property is prepared in heating, remove residue and moisture by dialysis and lyophilize, obtain quantum dot powder.Although adopt the carbon point of the doping of sulphur, nitrogen monad or diatomic doping to have higher luminous intensity, but its fluorescence quantum yield still remains at low levels, and also there is larger limitation in it in biological detection and sewage disposal.
Therefore, how to research and develop one and there is more high-fluorescence quantum yield, make gained carbon point luminous intensity higher and the carbon point expanding its Application Areas has become current problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of metal-doped carbon point and its preparation method and application, specifically provide a kind of Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar carbon point with high-fluorescence quantum yield and its preparation method and application.The present invention changes the energy band structure of carbon point inside by copper doped atom, thus prepares a kind of carbon point with high-fluorescence quantum yield, and uses it for Fe
3+detect or sewage disposal in.
For reaching this object, present invention employs following technical scheme:
First aspect, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of metal-doped carbon point, and it adopts hydrothermal method, microwave method or plasma partition method to prepare described metal-doped carbon point.
Metal-doped carbon point in the present invention, preferably adopts hydrothermal method to prepare.
Metal described in the present invention can select copper or zinc, is preferably copper.
The present invention adopts hydrothermal method to carry out the preparation of Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar carbon point, and it needs single step reaction, and speed of response is very fast, and by product and intermediate product few, raw material dosage is few, and cost is low.
In the present invention, due to the electronic orbit characteristic of the metallic elements such as copper, there is more active outermost layer mobile electron compared with the non-metallic element such as sulphur, nitrogen, metalline easily occurs and changes, there is larger research potential.Such as, disclose a kind of method of Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar titanium oxide in CN103058274A, the change of being arranged by the electronic orbit of metallic copper and energy level transition, substantially increase photoelectric transformation efficiency.The doping of the single metal of copper, compared to the sulphur nitrogen codope in CN104312582A, more easily realizes quantitatively regulating and controlling, becomes the basis of bimetal-doped research.Therefore adopt single metallic copper doping carbon point in the present invention, the carbon point obtained can be made to have higher fluorescence quantum yield, and the luminous intensity of this carbon point is higher.
The preparation method of the carbon of Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar described in the present invention point, specifically comprises the steps:
(1) carbon source and Tong Yuan are dissolved in the water, obtain precursor solution;
(2) precursor solution is reacted in hydrothermal reaction kettle, be then cooled to room temperature and obtain suspension liquid;
(3) be separated suspension liquid, obtain solution;
(4) solution is dry, obtain described Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar carbon point.
In the present invention, step (1) described carbon source is Trisodium Citrate or citric acid, is preferably Trisodium Citrate.
Described copper source is cuprous chloride and/or copper sulfate, is preferably cuprous chloride.
In the present invention, in step (1) described precursor solution, the concentration of carbon source is 0.01mol/L-0.1mol/L, such as, can be 0.01mol/L, 0.02mol/L, 0.05mol/L, 0.06mol/L, 0.07mol/L, 0.08mol/L, 0.09mol/L, 0.1mol/L; Preferably, in described precursor solution, the concentration in copper source is 0.001-1mol/L, can be such as 0.001mol/L, 0.002mol/L, 0.005mol/L, 0.010mol/L, 0.015mol/L, 0.020mol/L, 0.025mol/L, 0.030mol/L, 0.060mol/L, 0.150mol/L, 0.250mol/L, 0.400mol/L, 0.600mol/L, 0.800mol/L, 1mol/L, be preferably 0.025mol/L.Namely the mol ratio of Trisodium Citrate described in the present invention and cuprous chloride is 1:0.1-1:10, such as, can be 1:0.1,1:0.25,1:0.5,1:1,1:2,1:5,1:8 etc., is preferably 1:0.25.
If the mol ratio of Trisodium Citrate and cuprous chloride is at below 1:0.25, its fluorescence intensity does not have obvious increase; If after the mol ratio of sodium citrate solution and described cuprous chloride solution is greater than 1:0.25, fluorescence intensity sharply declines, when mol ratio is 1:0.25, there is peak value in fluorescence intensity.The mol ratio of the preferred described Trisodium Citrate of the present invention and cuprous chloride is 1:0.25, to guarantee to have best fluorescent effect.
In the present invention, step (1) described solution is for dissolve completely.
Hydrothermal reaction kettle described in the present invention is the stainless steel autoclave of teflon lined.
In the present invention, step (2) described temperature of reaction is 120-240 DEG C, such as, can be 120 DEG C, 140 DEG C, 160 DEG C, 180 DEG C, 190 DEG C, 200 DEG C, 210 DEG C, 220 DEG C, 230 DEG C, 240 DEG C, is preferably 190 DEG C-210 DEG C.All the Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar carbon point with fluorescence property can be synthesized in this temperature range.
Preferably, the described reaction times is more than 2h, such as, can be 2h, 3h, 4h, 5h, 6h, 7h, 8h, 9h, 10h, 11h, 12h, is preferably 6h.
In the present invention, the described separation of step (3) adopts separator-filter to carry out.
Preferably, described separator-filter is cylindrical membrane separator-filter.
Further preferably, described cylindrical membrane separator-filter is the combination of any one or at least two kinds in molecular weight cut-off 3kDa, 5kDa, 10kDa or 30kDa.
In the present invention, step (4) described drying is carried out under vacuum.
Preferably, the temperature of described drying is-100-100 DEG C, such as, can be-100 DEG C ,-90 DEG C ,-80 DEG C ,-60 DEG C ,-50 DEG C ,-20 DEG C, 10 DEG C, 50 DEG C, 80 DEG C, 100 DEG C; The dry time is 3-24h, such as, can be 3h, 5h, 6h, 8h, 10h, 12h, 15h, 18h, 20h, 24h.
As the preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the preparation method of described Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar carbon point comprises the steps:
(1) Trisodium Citrate and cuprous chloride are dissolved in the water, obtain precursor solution;
(2) precursor solution is reacted more than 2h in hydrothermal reaction kettle, then naturally cool to room temperature and obtain suspension liquid;
(3) be separated suspension liquid with cylindrical membrane separator-filter, obtain solution;
(4) solution is dry, obtain described Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar carbon point;
Wherein, in described precursor solution, the concentration of Trisodium Citrate is 0.1mol/L, and the concentration of cuprous chloride is 0.025mol/L.
Second aspect, the metal-doped carbon point that the method that present invention also offers according to first aspect prepares.
The metal-doped carbon point luminous intensity that the present invention obtains is high, and fluorescence quantum yield is high.
The third aspect, present invention also offers the purposes of the metal-doped carbon point according to second aspect, and described metal-doped carbon point is used for Fe
3+detect or sewage disposal.
Therefore, the invention provides metal-doped carbon point as described in second aspect for Fe
3+the purposes (method) of detection or sewage disposal.When for Fe
3+during detection, its minimum detectability can reach 0.1nmol/L.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) the Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar carbon point adopting method of the present invention to prepare, only needs single step reaction, and speed of response is very fast, and by product and intermediate product few, raw material dosage is few, and cost is low.
(2) the Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar carbon point for preparing of the present invention, its fluorescence quantum yield is high, reaches as high as 70.81%; The carbon point luminous intensity of gained is high, and is successfully applied to Fe
3+detect, make Fe
3+the minimum detected can reach 0.1nmol/L; In addition, also have broad application prospects in biological detection and sewage disposal etc.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the transmission electron microscope picture of Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar fluorescent carbon point prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar fluorescent carbon point of the embodiment of the present invention 1 preparation and the luminous intensity comparison diagram of general carbon point, and in figure, 300-400nm is general carbon point, and 400-550nm is Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar carbon point, and light source is 340nm UV-light;
Fig. 3 is the C of Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar fluorescent carbon point prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1
1sswarming collection of illustrative plates;
Fig. 4 is the Cu swarming collection of illustrative plates of Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar fluorescent carbon point prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 5 is the O of Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar fluorescent carbon point prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1
1sswarming collection of illustrative plates;
Fig. 6 is the FTIR collection of illustrative plates of Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar fluorescent carbon point prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 7 adds the Fe of 50 μMs
3+the luminous intensity relation over time of carbon point after solution;
Fig. 8 is different Fe
3+the luminous intensity of carbon point under concentration (0,1,20,50,70,100,200 μM);
Fig. 9 is pad value and the Fe of luminous intensity
3+the relation of concentration;
Figure 10 is after adding different metal ion, and carbon point is at the pad value of the luminous intensity at 440nm place.
Embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated by embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
A () gets Trisodium Citrate and the 0.0617g cuprous chloride of 0.735g, be dissolved in 25mL deionized water and fully stir 5min, obtain precursor solution;
B the precursor solution obtained is placed in the stainless steel autoclave of 50ml teflon lined by (), be to react 6h under the condition of 200 DEG C after sealing in temperature, naturally cools to room temperature, obtains suspension liquid;
C suspension liquid molecular weight cut-off 3kDa cylindrical membrane separator-filter filters by (), collect filtered solution, drying obtains the Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar carbon point of high fluorescent yield.
See Fig. 1, it is the transmission electron microscope picture of Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar fluorescent carbon point prepared by the present embodiment, and what obtain carbon point from Fig. 1 test presents uniform round particle, and size is between 2.5nm to 5nm, and median size is 3.76nm.
See Fig. 2, it is the Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar fluorescent carbon point prepared of the present embodiment and the sulfur doping carbon quantum dot disclosed in the CN104312582A luminous intensity comparison diagram as general carbon point, as can be seen from this figure, the luminous intensity of Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar fluorescent carbon point for preparing of embodiment 1 is apparently higher than general carbon point (the sulfur doping carbon quantum dot namely disclosed in CN104312582A).
See the XPS swarming collection of illustrative plates that Fig. 3-7 is Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar fluorescent carbon points prepared by the present embodiment, as can be seen from the figure in Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar carbon point, there is the existence of Cu-C key.
Embodiment 2
A () gets Trisodium Citrate and the 0.0617g cuprous chloride of 0.735g, be dissolved in 25mL deionized water and fully stir 5min, obtain precursor solution;
B the precursor solution obtained is placed in the stainless steel autoclave of 50mL teflon lined by (), react 6h, naturally cool to room temperature, obtain suspension liquid after sealing under the condition of 200 DEG C;
C () filters suspension liquid molecular weight cut-off 3kDa cylindrical membrane separator-filter, collect filtered solution, drying obtains the Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar carbon point of high fluorescent yield.Carbon point luminous intensity under 340nm rayed that the present embodiment obtains is 350000.
Embodiment 3
A () gets Trisodium Citrate and the 0.0617g cuprous chloride of 0.735g, be dissolved in 25mL deionized water and fully stir 5min, obtain precursor solution;
B the precursor solution obtained is placed in the stainless steel autoclave of 50mL teflon lined by (), react 6h, naturally cool to room temperature, obtain suspension liquid under the condition of 180 DEG C of sealings;
C () filters to suspension liquid with molecular weight cut-off 5kDa cylindrical membrane separator-filter, collect filtered solution, drying obtains a kind of Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar carbon point of high fluorescent yield.Carbon point luminous intensity under 450nm rayed that the present embodiment obtains is 140000.
Embodiment 4
A () gets Trisodium Citrate and the 0.0617g cuprous chloride of 0.735g, be dissolved in 25mL deionized water and fully stir 5min, obtain precursor solution;
B stainless steel autoclave that the precursor solution obtained is placed in 50mL teflon lined by () reacts 10h under the condition of 200 DEG C of sealings, naturally cools to room temperature, obtains suspension liquid;
C () filters suspension liquid with the cylindrical membrane separator-filter of molecular weight cut-off 3kDa, collect filtered solution, drying obtains a kind of high photoluminescence intensity carbon point.Carbon point luminous intensity under 440nm rayed that the present embodiment obtains is 200000.
Embodiment 5
Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar carbon point in the present invention is used successfully to Fe
3+detection.Being diluted by 10 μ L carbon point deionized waters is 1mL, after the optical excitation with wavelength 340nm, the luminous intensity at 440nm place is denoted as initial strength F
0.Add containing Fe in this solution
3+solution, survey luminous intensity after 1min, be denoted as F
1.Δ F is Fe
3+detection signal, expression formula is Δ F=F
0-F
1.Excite crack width and launch slit width and be respectively 5nm and 5nm.Fig. 7-10 is that this carbon point is to Fe
3+the experimental result of susceptibility.
Wherein, Fig. 7 adds the Fe of 50 μMs
3+the luminous intensity relation over time of carbon point after solution.Luminous intensity is almost constant after 1min, therefore after 1min, detects luminous intensity in experiment.Fig. 8 is different Fe
3+the luminous intensity of carbon point under concentration (0,1,20,50,70,100,200 μM).Luminous intensity is with Fe
3+the increase of concentration obviously declines.Fig. 9 is pad value and the Fe of luminous intensity
3+the relation of concentration.Work as Fe
3+concentration is within the scope of 1-2000nM, and the two is strong linear relationship, relation conefficient 0.9967.Then calculate according to triple standard difference method, detect and be limited to 0.1nmol/L, Fe before being better than
3+report (LiuY, XiaoN, GongN, WangH, ShiX, GuW, the etal.One-stepmicrowave-assistedpolyolsynthesisofgreenlum inescentcarbondotsasopticalnanoprobes.Carbon.2014 detected; 68:258-64; JuJ, ChenW.Synthesisofhighlyfluorescentnitrogen-dopedgraphene quantumdotsforsensitive, label-freedetectionofFe (III) inaqueousmedia.BiosensBioelectron.2014; 8:219-25; ZhuS, MengQ, WangL, ZhangJ, SongY, JinH, etal.Highlyphotoluminescentcarbondotsformulticolorpatter ning, sensors, andbioimaging.AngewChemIntEdEngl.2013; 52 (14): 3953-7).Figure 10 is after adding different metal ion, and carbon point is at the pad value of the luminous intensity at 440nm place.Add the Fe of 200 μMs
3+after solution, luminous intensity obviously declines, and the impact of other metal ions almost can be ignored.This shows that the Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar carbon point in the present invention detects Fe
3+there is good selectivity.
Applicant states, the present invention illustrates method detailed of the present invention by above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned method detailed, does not namely mean that the present invention must rely on above-mentioned method detailed and could implement.Person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, any improvement in the present invention, to equivalence replacement and the interpolation of ancillary component, the concrete way choice etc. of each raw material of product of the present invention, all drops within protection scope of the present invention and open scope.
Claims (10)
1. a preparation method for metal-doped carbon point, is characterized in that, it adopts hydrothermal method, microwave method or plasma partition method to prepare described metal-doped carbon point.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, it adopts hydrothermal method to prepare described metal-doped carbon point; Described metal is copper.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) carbon source and Tong Yuan are dissolved in the water, obtain precursor solution;
(2) precursor solution is reacted in hydrothermal reaction kettle, be then cooled to room temperature and obtain suspension liquid;
(3) be separated suspension liquid, obtain solution;
(4) solution is dry, obtain described Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar carbon point.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, step (1) described carbon source is Trisodium Citrate or citric acid, is preferably Trisodium Citrate;
Preferably, described copper source is cuprous chloride and/or copper sulfate, is preferably cuprous chloride;
Preferably, in described precursor solution, the concentration of carbon source is 0.01mol/L-0.1mol/L;
Preferably, in described precursor solution, the concentration in copper source is 0.001-1mol/L, is preferably 0.025mol/L.
5. the method according to claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that, the temperature of step (2) described reaction is 120-240 DEG C;
Preferably, the time of described reaction is more than 2h, is preferably 6h.
6. the method according to any one of claim 3-5, is characterized in that, the described separation of step (3) adopts separator-filter to carry out;
Preferably, described separator-filter is cylindrical membrane separator-filter;
Further preferably, described cylindrical membrane separator-filter is the combination of any one or at least two kinds in molecular weight cut-off 3kDa, 5kDa, 10kDa or 30kDa.
7. the method according to any one of claim 3-6, is characterized in that, step (4) described drying is carried out under vacuum;
Preferably, the temperature of described drying is-100-100 DEG C, and the time of described drying is 3-24h.
8. the method according to any one of claim 3-7, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) Trisodium Citrate and cuprous chloride are dissolved in the water, obtain precursor solution;
(2) precursor solution is reacted more than 2h in hydrothermal reaction kettle, then naturally cool to room temperature and obtain suspension liquid;
(3) be separated suspension liquid with cylindrical membrane separator-filter, obtain solution;
(4) solution is dry, obtain described Copper-cladding Aluminum Bar carbon point;
Wherein, in described precursor solution, the concentration of Trisodium Citrate is 0.1mol/L, and the concentration of cuprous chloride is 0.025mol/L.
9. the metal-doped carbon point that the method according to any one of claim 1-8 prepares.
10. the purposes of metal-doped carbon point according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described metal-doped carbon point is used for Fe
3+detect or sewage disposal.
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