CN105129983A - Micro-polluted surface water treatment method based on bio-membrane reactor - Google Patents
Micro-polluted surface water treatment method based on bio-membrane reactor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a micro-polluted surface water treatment method based on a bio-membrane reactor. A ceramic carrier water pump is employed for driving a baffle-plate internal-circulating bio-membrane reactor to performing denitrification, dephosphorization and/or organic substance removal to micro-polluted surface water. A separation plate is arranged in the bio-membrane reactor to separate the interior of the reactor into an oxygen dissolving zone at the upper part and a bio-degradation zone at the lower part, wherein the oxygen dissolving zone is communicated with one end of the bio-degradation zone while the other end of the bio-degradation zone is communicated with a circulation pipe through a circulation pump, so that waste water to be treated flows through the oxygen dissolving zone and the bio-degradation zone continuously. A plurality of flow guide boards are vertically arranged in the bio-degradation zone at interval and are arranged in a high-low interlaced manner, thereby forming a channel in which solution can flow in a vertical baffled manner in the reactor. The flow guide boards are used as a carrier of a bio-membrane. Compared with a reactor in the prior art, by means of the reactor, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in polluted river water are removed well and a certain removal effect on total phosphorus and organic substances in water is achieved too.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of water treatment method, especially relate to a kind of micro-polluted surface water treatment method based on biofilm reactor.
Background technology
Micro-polluted surface water generally refers to that contained pollutant kind is more, character is more complicated, but the water body that concentration is humbleer.Its Micropollutants mainly comprise petroleum hydrocarbon, volatile phenol, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus, agricultural chemicals, COD, heavy metal, arsenic, prussiate, iron, manganese etc., these pollutents all can cause very large murder by poisoning to HUMAN HEALTH, especially those difficult degradations, easily biological accumulation and have three cause (carcinogenic, teratogenesis, mutagenesis) toxic organic pollutant that acts on.These years, the large water system of China seven and three Big Lakess all receive pollution in various degree.Detect according to environmental administration, the urban waters of China more than 90% is subject to severe contamination, the key cities water source of 50% is about had not meet drinking water source standard, the water quality of whole nation surface water nearly more than 60% reduces to the following water quality of IV class, lose the function as drinking water source completely, have the big and medium-sized cities underground water of 97% also to be polluted.Due to the existence of Organic substance in water; its provide protection to colloid and the raising of stability; water treatment is made to add certain difficulty; in water, toxic organic compound is difficult to degraded simultaneously; the Organohalogen compounds produced after conventional chlorine disinfectant; wherein have and be manyly identified as directly acting carcinogens or inducer, have great potential hazard to HUMAN HEALTH.
The domestic and international improvement for micropollutant water, recovery technique can be summarized as five kinds generally: physical processing techniques, chemical treatment method, physical chemistry treatment technology, ecological reestablishment, bioremediation technology, they respectively have its relative merits.
The difficulty that special property adds Physical, chemical method is repaired of micro-polluted surface water body.In recent years, along with the research and development of various new bio carrier (filler), technology of biological membrane is developed, and is used to the reparation of polluted surface water.
Microbial film (Biofilm) is the baroque microbial consortia be fixed on by adhering on specific support.Microbial film is made up of the also cell be often embedded in organic polymer structure be fixed on apposition growth carrier.Microbial film has cavernous structure, and has very strong absorption property.Form biomembranous microorganism to mainly contain: bacterium, fungi, algae (having under optical condition), protozoon and metazoan, have virus in addition.
Technology of biological membrane refers to that with natural materials (as cobble), synthetic materials (as fiber) be carrier, a kind of special microbial film is formed on its surface, biofilm surface is long-pending large, can be the attaching surface that microorganism provides larger, is conducive to strengthening the Degradation to pollutent.Its reaction process is: 1. matrix spreads to biofilm surface, and 2. in microbial film internal divergence, the 3. ferment of microorganism secretion and catalyzer generation chemical reaction, 4. metabolism resultant discharges microbial film.
Biomembrance process is by being attached to the microbial growth such as bacterium on carrier or dielectric surface, forming membranaceous active bio sludge organism film, utilize the organic bioremediation in microbial film degradation of sewage.Microorganism in microbial film is with the organic pollutant in sewage for nutritive substance, and by organic matter degradation in metabolic processes, microorganism self is also bred simultaneously.Along with the continuous breeding of microorganism increases, and the continuous deposition of suspended substance and microorganism in waste water, biomembranous thickness is constantly increased, consequently makes biomembranous structure change.
Microbial film specific activity mud has stronger adsorptive power and degradation capability, can adsorb and the various pollutents in degradation of sewage, have the advantages that speed is fast, efficiency is high.When using biomembrance process to dispose of sewage, require the filler loading some amount in the structures for the treatment of system, these fillers can expand the specific surface area for the treatment of system on the one hand, adhere to fixing carrier on the other hand for microorganism provides.The performance of biofilm treatment system, efficiency depend on wherein microorganism active height and load material number and specific surface area.
Microbial film is attached to the surface of carrier, is the material of highly-hydrophilic, under the condition that sewage constantly flows, always there is one deck attachment water layer outside it.Microbial film is again the material of microorganism highly dense, breeds a large amount of microorganisms and microfauna on the surface of the film with the growth inside of its degree of depth, forms the food chain be made up of organic pollutant → bacterium → protozoon (metazoan).Microbial film is made up of bacterium, fungi, algae, protozoon, metazoan and some other macroscopic coenosis.Wherein bacterium generally has: false single luxuriant Pseudomonas, spore bacteria belong to, Alkaligenes and Zoogloea and Sphaerotilus, protozoon mostly be campanularian, etc. branch worm, cover fine worm etc.Metazoan only just occurs under the very sufficient condition of dissolved oxygen, and is mainly nematode.Sewage is when flowing through carrier surface, and the organic pollutant in sewage by the microorganism adsorption in microbial film, and by oxygen to microbial film internal divergence, in film, the effects such as bio-oxidation occurs, thus completes organic degraded.What microbial film top layer grew is aerobic and facultative microbe, then often anaerobic state is in biomembranous internal layer microorganism, when microbial film progressive additive, when the thickness of anaerobic layer is greater than aerobic layer, biomembranous coming off can be caused, and new microbial film can regenerate at carrier surface, upgraded by the biomembranous cycle, to maintain the normal operation of biofilm reactor.
By artificial-strengthening effect, microbial film is incorporated in sewage-treating reactor, just defines biofilm reactor.In recent years, rapidly, by single to compound, having aerobicly also has anaerobism, progressively defines a set of more complete biological treatment system in biofilm reactor development.Conventional biofilm reactor has following five kinds: biological contact oxidation process reactor, rotating bio-disc reactor, biological filter reactor, biological fluidized-bed reactor (FluidizedBedReactor, FBR), micro-pore film biological reaction device.There is respective shortcoming in biofilm reactor process micro-polluted surface water conventional at present, therefore, researches and develops a kind of biofilm reactor being applicable to micro-polluted surface water and have important theory and realistic meaning.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention be exactly in order to overcome above-mentioned prior art exist defect and a kind of micro-polluted surface water treatment method based on biofilm reactor is provided.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Based on a micro-polluted surface water treatment method for biofilm reactor, adopt ceramic monolith water pump to drive deflector type internal recycle biofilm reactor, denitrogenation, dephosphorization and/or organics removal are carried out to micro-polluted surface water.
Described ceramic monolith water pump drives deflector type internal recycle biofilm reactor to comprise reactor shell, reactor shell is provided with water-in and water outlet, reactor shell inside is provided with division board, inside reactor is divided into the dissolved oxygen district of top and the biological degradation district of below by described division board, and described dissolved oxygen district directly communicates with one end, biological degradation district, the other end is connected with circulation tube by recycle pump, pending waste water circulation is made constantly to flow through dissolved oxygen district and biological degradation district, the built-in some pieces of flow deflectors in described biological degradation district, flow deflector successively height is staggered, formation can make the passage of solution upper and lower baffling in reactor, described flow deflector is as biomembranous carrier.
Described flow deflector one side surface is smooth surface, and there are bar shaped lines or little block-type tread lines in opposite side surface.
Described flow deflector is porous light stupalith.Porous ceramics is owing to having equally distributed micropore or hole, porosity is higher, volume density is little, there is flourishing specific surface and the physical surface properties of uniqueness thereof, to the selectable perviousness of liquids and gases medium, energy absorption or damping characteristic, in addition stupalith is distinctive high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, high chemical stability and dimensional stability, this green material of porous ceramics can be filtered at gas liquid, purification separation, chemical industry catalytic carrier, sound absorption damping, high-quality thermal insulating material, biological implantation material, the extraordinary many-side such as materials for wall and sensor material is widely used.
The present invention for fixation support designs bio-reactor, fixes liver moss and VA Mycorrhizal Fungi process micro-polluted water thereof with porous ceramic plate.Porous light stupalith of the present invention with soft clay, diatomite, vermiculite etc. for main raw material, mix by weight the ratio for Qing matter Nian Tu ︰ Gui Zao Tu ︰ vermiculite=5 ~ 7 ︰ 4 ~ 6 ︰ 10, in 1150 DEG C of firing porous ceramic plates, open porosity is 20 ~ 35%.
Described flow deflector can freely arrange 5 ~ 50 pieces as required, or arranges more polylith, preferably arranges 9 pieces ~ 30 pieces.
Described flow deflector is attached with microbial film, aerobic zone and anaerobic zone is formed in biological degradation district, wherein, in aerobic zone, dominant bacteria comprises AlkaliphilusmetalliredigensQYMF, Geobactersp.M21, DesulfitobacteriumhafnienseDCB-2, Acinetobacterbrisouii, ClostridiumphytofermentansISDg, PedobacterheparinusDSM2366 six kinds;
In anaerobic zone, dominant bacteria comprises AlkaliphilusmetalliredigensQYMF, ClostridiumphytofermentansISDg, PedobacterheparinusDSM2366, AcinetobacterbrisouiiCIP110357, Geobactersp.M21, NitrosococcusoceaniATCC19707, DesulfitobacteriumhafnienseDCB-2 seven kinds.
Carry out denitrogenation processing to micro-polluted surface water, processing condition are as follows: controlling micro-polluted surface water carbon-nitrogen ratio is 18 ~ 20, and in reactor, hydraulic detention time is 14 ~ 16h.
Carry out dephosphorization process to micro-polluted surface water, processing condition are as follows: regulate micro-polluted surface water C:N:P to be 100:5:1.
To the process of micro-polluted surface water organics removal, processing condition are as follows: in reactor, hydraulic detention time is 6 ~ 16h, are preferably 14 ~ 16h.
The ultimate principle of biofilm reactor is: growth and breeding on microbial carrier and form microbial film, oxygen in air and the organic pollutant in polluted water are by microbial film absorption, diffusion, and then in microbial film, the enzyme of microorganism decomposes adsorbed pollutent thus stain disease is purified.
In this reactor, generation time, longer nitrifier had better growing conditions at reactor leading portion, nitration reaction is carried out thus the carbon source consumed in water body and dissolved oxygen under aerobic condition, the reactor second half section is made to form oxygen-starved area, so for anti-nitration reaction provides environment, like this, nitrated in reactor, anti-nitration reaction is carried out simultaneously, is conducive to efficiently, rapidly to remove the ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and the organism that are rich in ground water.
Reactor of the present invention is divided into upper and lower two portions through division board, and top is dissolved oxygen district, and bottom is biological degradation district.The vertical flow deflector of the built-in several piece in biological degradation district of bottom, is separated into several reaction chambers of series connection by reactor, each reaction chamber is a relatively independent biomembrane reaction system.Under the driving of water pump, waste water is baffling circulation in reactor, when wastewater streams is through top, because waste water solution is ceaselessly flowing, so the oxygen in air has just constantly been dissolved in water, waste water because of disturbance carry out dissolved oxygen after when flowing through the baffling passage be made up of porous ceramic plate of bottom and biofilm contact thus realize biological degradation, dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in biological degradation district reduces gradually along flow direction, forms aerobic zone and oxygen-starved area in same reactor.Through experimental monitoring, the top DO concentration of reactor is higher, is 3.0 ~ 4.0mg/L, and bottom is along flow direction, and DO concentration progressively reduces from 3.0 → 0.1mg/L.Pending water enters reactor casing through intake pump by the water-in being positioned at lower box, and under water circulating pump drives, in reactor, water sequentially circulates through aerobic zone and anaerobic zone.In aerobic zone, DO concentration is 2.0 ~ 3.0mg/L, and polluted surface water carries out nitration reaction in aerobic zone, flows into anaerobic zone after ruing out of dissolved oxygen gradually, along current downflow on traverse baffle in anaerobic zone, and carries out anti-nitration reaction simultaneously.Like this, realize Simultaneous Nitrification in same reactor, anti-nitration reaction and consumption carbon source, thus effectively remove ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen and organism.
Compared with prior art, the present invention's reactor used is that a kind of novel ceramic monolith water pump drives deflector type internal recycle biofilm reactor, belongs to New biological membrane method, and is used for process city micro-polluted surface water, and unconventional trade effluent; Demonstrate the effect that this reactor has synchronous nitration and denitrification; Realize synchronous removal and the degraded of Water, phosphoric and Persistent organic pollutants with a kind of biologic treating technique of novelty, surface water quality can be made to improve a grade.
Compared with traditional biological denitrification process, the present invention has following advantage:
1. nitrated, anti-nitration reaction are controlled in same reactor, a reaction tank can be saved, reduce reactor volume, and floor space, Reaction time shorten;
2. the basicity produced in the basicity consumed in nitrifying process and denitrification process offsets, and can effectively keep the pH in reactor to stablize;
3. there is structure simple, less investment, the advantages such as resistance to overload shock ability is strong;
4. this reactor flexible operation, can select the different cycles of operation according to the change of influent quality concentration, flow etc., reactor is run under optimum condition;
5. the flow deflector of stupalith well for microorganism provides attachment carrier, and can increase the duration of contact of polluted water and microorganism, is conducive to improving treatment effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of biofilm reactor in embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of biofilm reactor in embodiment 4.
Number in the figure: 1 is reactor shell, 11 is water-in, and 12 is water outlet, and 2 is division board, and 3 is flow deflector, and 4 is dissolved oxygen district, and 5 is biological degradation district, and 6 is recycle pump, and 7 is circulation tube.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of ceramic monolith water pump drives deflector type internal recycle biofilm reactor, as shown in Figure 1, comprise reactor shell 1, reactor shell 1 one end arranges water-in 11 and water outlet 12, reactor shell 1 inside is provided with division board 2, inside reactor is divided into the dissolved oxygen district 4 of top and the biological degradation district 5 of below by division board 2, and dissolved oxygen district 4 directly communicates with one end, biological degradation district 5, the other end is connected with circulation tube 7 by recycle pump 6, pending waste water circulation is made constantly to flow through dissolved oxygen district 4 and biological degradation district 5, in biological degradation district 5, vertical interval arranges 9 pieces of flow deflectors 3, flow deflector 3 successively height is staggered, formation can make the passage of solution upper and lower baffling in reactor, flow deflector 3 is as biomembranous carrier.Wherein, flow deflector 3 one side surface is smooth surface, and there is bar shaped lines on opposite side surface.
In the present embodiment, reactor shell adopts synthetic glass to make, and physical dimension is: long 230mm × wide 120mm × high 160mm, wall thickness 12mm, and useful volume is 2075mL.Built-in 9 pieces of flow deflectors, height is staggered successively, forms the passage that can make solution upper and lower baffling in reactor, every block flow deflector is of a size of: long 100mm, wide 100mm, thick 9mm, left surface is smooth surface, there is bar shaped lines on right surface, baffle material is with ceramic raw materials such as soft clay, diatomite and vermiculites, fills a prescription by a certain percentage, a kind of light ceramics be developed into, as biomembranous carrier, be easy to the attachment of microorganism, growth, breeding.Division board is frosted unorganic glass, long 203mm, wide 96mm, thick 5mm, is divided into upper and lower two portions by reactor, and top is dissolved oxygen district, below is biological degradation district, and can, under the driving of peristaltic pump, make pending waste water circulation constantly flow through dissolved oxygen district and biological degradation district, at whole reactor internal circulation flow.
The model that intake pump and recycle pump all adopt Baoding LanGe constant flow pump Co., Ltd to produce is the peristaltic pump of BT100-1J, rotating speed 1 ~ 100rpm, physical dimension 212mm × 112mm × 142mm, weight 2.8kg.
The biofilm reactor of the present embodiment is used to carry out denitrogenation processing to micro-polluted surface water:
When reactor runs by Continuous Flow, get Huangpu River tributary---the water source of park, Guilin, river course, river for transporting grain to the capital informer times river rising in Ningxia and flowing into central Shaanxi, port, Longhua, Shanghai City section is as former water.
When reactor presses periodic running, adopt laboratory water distribution as former water.
Water distribution agents useful for same: tap water, glucose, ammonium chloride (or SODIUMNITRATE), potassium primary phosphate.
Glucose: C2H12O6H2O, molecular weight 198.17, white crystalline powder, odorless, taste is sweet, soluble in water.
Ammonium chloride: NH4Cl, molecular weight 53.49, white saloid crystal, analytical pure AR.
SODIUMNITRATE: NaNO3, molecular weight 84.99, Bai Wei is with yellow rhomboidan, and fusing point is 306.8 DEG C, and density is
2.257g/cm3 (when 20 DEG C), bitter is salty, soluble in water and liquefied ammonia, is slightly soluble in glycerine and ethanol, easy deliquescence.
Potassium primary phosphate: KH2PO4, molecular weight 136.09, white crystals, analytical pure AR.
Glucose, as carbon source, simulates COD; Ammonium chloride (or SODIUMNITRATE), as N element, simulates ammonia nitrogen NH
4+-N (or NO
3--N); Potassium primary phosphate simulation total phosphorus.
When running process natural river course water by Continuous Flow, reactor all has stable removal effect to ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitric nitrogen, total nitrogen.Wherein, the most obvious to the removal effect of ammonia nitrogen, reactor water outlet ammonia nitrogen concentration is starkly lower than reactor influent ammonium concentration all the time, although former water ammonia nitrogen concentration, far beyond the regulation of " water environment quality standard ", belong to bad V class, even bad V class, but reactor water outlet ammonia nitrogen concentration meets III ~ IV class waters standard (≤1.5mg/L) that " water environment quality standard " specifies substantially; The clearance of reactor to ammonia nitrogen is minimum is 37.6%, and when intake pump rotating speed runs with 2.0rpm, when hydraulic detention time (HRT) is for 14.6h, ammonia nitrogen removal frank is maximum, reaches 78.0%.Reactor also has the removal effect determined to total nitrogen, minimum clearance is 24.9%, but because former water total nitrogen exceeds standard seriously, experimental session, former water total nitrogen concentration is up to 9.24mg/L, mean value 6.28mg/L, Schwellenwert 3.60mg/L, also V class waters standard (≤2.0mg/L) that " water environment quality standard " specifies is exceeded, belong to bad V class, even bad V class, reactor water outlet total nitrogen concentration still can not be up to standard, mean value is 5.83mg/L, only when hydraulic detention time (HRT) is for 14.6h, the clearance of total nitrogen is maximum, when being 73.8%, reactor water outlet total nitrogen concentration mean value is 1.81mg/L, finally V class waters standard (≤2.0mg/L) that " water environment quality standard " specifies is met, but IV class waters standard (≤1.5mg/L) still do not reached required by landscape water, therefore should consider to increase carbon source to increase microbial biomass in reactor thus to improve nitrogen removal rate.When running process natural river course water by Continuous Flow, biofilm reactor denitrification effect is main relevant with hydraulic detention time, especially ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen clearance and remove the dependency that speed and hydraulic detention time have highly significant, optimal water power standing time is 15.5 hours.
When pressing the water distribution of periodic running treating lab, in 24 hours, total nitrogen, nitric nitrogen all have removal in various degree, and when glucose concn is 50mg/L (carbon-nitrogen ratio is 3.08), nitrogen removal rate reaches maximum at the 9th hour place, is 30.5%; When glucose concn is 100mg/L (carbon-nitrogen ratio is 6.03), nitrogen removal rate reaches maximum at the 12nd hour place, is 48.1%; When glucose concn >=200mg/L (carbon-nitrogen ratio >=12.74), total nitrogen 24 hours clearance >=91.0%, reactor water outlet total nitrogen concentration reaches the IV class waters standard that " water environment quality standard " specifies; When glucose concn >=300mg/L (carbon-nitrogen ratio >=19.96), react 5 hours nitrogen removal efficiency >=98.7%; When glucose concn is 400mg/L (carbon-nitrogen ratio >=25.58), reacts 5 hours nitrogen removal rates and reach 100%; In a word, the increase of carbon source, is conducive to improving the clearance to total nitrogen, nitric nitrogen, but takes into account economic reason, think that optimum carbon nitrogen ratio (C/N) is 18 ~ 20.Reactor water outlet dissolved oxygen DO concentration is apparently higher than water inlet, and DO increase rate 38%, urban river water DO concentration after this reactor in river for transporting grain to the capital informer times river rising in Ningxia and flowing into central Shaanxi meets IV class waters standard (DO >=3mg/L) that " water environment quality standard " specifies.The increase of dissolved oxygen DO is conducive to the removal of ammonia nitrogen, but and there is no obvious dependency between total nitrogen removal effect, the aerobic nitrification reaction of simultaneously having carried out removing ammonia nitrogen and the anaerobic denitrifying reaction of removing nitric nitrogen are described in this reactor.
Embodiment 2
The biofilm reactor of the present embodiment 1 is used to carry out denitrogenation processing to micro-polluted surface water:
When reactor runs by Continuous Flow, get Huangpu River tributary---the water source of park, Guilin, river course, river for transporting grain to the capital informer times river rising in Ningxia and flowing into central Shaanxi, port, Longhua, Shanghai City section is as former water.
When reactor presses periodic running, water source preparation reference example 1.
Batch reactor dephosphorization test has been carried out in July, 2010 ~ August, when reactor presses periodic running, close intake pump, pending water is filled reactor, ON cycle pump, rotating speed is 50.0rmp, former hydromining laboratory water distribution (C:N:P=100:5:1), wherein nitrogenous source ammonium chloride is prepared, be ammonia nitrogen, and adopt not aeration and aeration experiment respectively, research dissolved oxygen is on the impact of the dense effect of dephosphorization, aerator is the super-silent air pump that GuangDong HaiLi Group Co., Ltd produces, model: ACO-5503, aeration rate is 0.5m3/h, aeration position is after water-in.In reactor water outlet, every 2h water sampling, detect total phosphorus concentration; In recycle pump water inlet place, every 2h water sampling, detect dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration.
Test-results shows: no matter aeration or not aeration, water distribution is through ceramic monolith deflector type internal recycle biofilm reactor, total phosphorus concentration obviously sequentially declines along with the increase in reaction times, wherein not aeration decline soon, decline acutely, illustrate that aeration mode phosphor-removing effect is not better than aeration mode, aeration mode did not locate total tp removal rate at the 10th hour is 53%, it is 23.5% that aeration mode located total tp removal rate at the 10th hour, when illustrating that this reactor is the laboratory water distribution of 100:5:1 by periodic running process C:N:P, can effectively remove total phosphorus in water without the need to aeration.The reason of aeration mode is better than as not aeration mode phosphor-removing effect, it may be the natural dissolved oxygen carried out through top water flow disturbance under water pump drives because of reactor, make aerobic zone can meet polyP bacteria (Polyphosphateaccumulatingorganisms, PAOs) aerobic condition needed for phosphorus is inhaled, and artificial aeration increases dissolved oxygen, and may destroy or weaken polyP bacteria (PAOs) releases phosphorus and denitrifying phosphorus removing bacteria (denitrifyingphosphorusremovingbacteria on the one hand, DPB) anaerobic condition needed for growth, the water impact that artificial aeration causes on the other hand also may affect biomembranous sticking power thus affect biomembranous activity, therefore aeration mode to the clearance of total phosphorus on the contrary lower than not aeration mode.
Embodiment 3
The biofilm reactor of the present embodiment 1 is used to carry out denitrogenation processing to micro-polluted surface water:
When reactor runs by Continuous Flow, get Huangpu River tributary---the water source of park, Guilin, river course, river for transporting grain to the capital informer times river rising in Ningxia and flowing into central Shaanxi, port, Longhua, Shanghai City section is as former water.
When reactor presses periodic running, water source preparation reference example 1.
Run process natural river course water by Continuous Flow, when hydraulic detention time (HRT) is greater than 6.0 hours, reactor has obvious Degradation to organism, reactor water outlet COD
crconcentration is starkly lower than reactor influent COD
crconcentration, water outlet COD
criI ~ III class waters that concentration reaches " water environment quality standard " specifies; This experiment with biofilm reactor to COD
crremoval effect and hydraulic detention time have obviously dependency, originally COD
crclearance and removal speed all increase along with the increase of hydraulic detention time, COD
crit is 14.6 hours places that maximum material removal rate appears at hydraulic detention time, reaches 65.5%; By fitted trend curve, find for organics removal, optimal water power standing time is 15.5 hours, and this is consistent with the optimal water power standing time needed for reactor denitrogenation.
When pressing the water distribution of periodic running treating lab, find with regard to COD
crclearance see, do not need too high carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N), remove COD
croptimum carbon nitrogen ratio be 5 ~ 6, namely when ammonia nitrogen concentration is about 15mg/L, initial COD
crconcentration is approximately 80 ~ 100mg/L, and therefore this test is more suitable for processing micro-polluted surface water with biofilm reactor, instead of high-concentration industrial-water; But to COD
crremoval speed can increase along with the increase of starting point concentration.
Embodiment 4
A kind of ceramic monolith water pump drives deflector type internal recycle biofilm reactor, as shown in Figure 2, comprise reactor shell 1, reactor shell 1 two ends arrange water-in 11 and water outlet 12 respectively, reactor shell 1 inside is provided with division board 2, inside reactor is divided into the dissolved oxygen district 4 of top and the biological degradation district 5 of below by division board 2, and dissolved oxygen district 4 directly communicates with one end, biological degradation district 5, the other end is connected with circulation tube 7 by recycle pump 6, pending waste water circulation is made constantly to flow through dissolved oxygen district 4 and biological degradation district 5, in biological degradation district 5, vertical interval arranges 21 pieces of flow deflectors 3, flow deflector 3 successively height is staggered, formation can make the passage of solution upper and lower baffling in reactor, flow deflector 3 is as biomembranous carrier.Wherein, flow deflector 3 one side surface is smooth surface, and there is little block-type tread lines on opposite side surface.
Wherein, housing still adopts transparent organic glass to make, and physical dimension is: long 416mm × wide 111mm × high 160mm, wall thickness 8mm; Working volume is about 3.6L.Adopt one piece of division board that reactor is divided into upper and lower two portions, their volume is respectively 0.6L and 3L.Reactor lower part is staggered 21 pieces of flow deflectors up and down, in this, as biomembranous carrier, forms the passage of deflector type simultaneously.Every block flow deflector is of a size of: long 100mm, wide 100mm, thick 4mm, left surface is the uneven surface without decorative pattern, and right surface is little block-type tread, and baffle material is still with ceramic raw materials such as soft clay, vermiculite and diatomite, fill a prescription according to a certain percentage, the light porous ceramic be developed into.Division board is transparent inorganic glass, long 295mm, wide 94mm, thick 6mm, is added with horizontal strip slot 11 on the downside of division board, corresponding with flow deflector, groove width 6mm; Water outlet is than isolation plate hight 10mm.A submersible pump is installed in the side of reactor lower part, model BL-1588, " clear spring " board, produced by Guangdong Zhenhua Appliance Co., Ltd., frequency 50HZ, power 15W, peak flow 880L/h, physical dimension is: long 65mm × wide 40mm × high 60mm, weight 0.5kg, drives the aqueous solution to circulate between reactor top and the bottom with this submersible pump.When current are through reactor top, dissolved oxygen content is caused to increase due to the turbulence of current.When solution enters bottom, solution stream carries out biological respinse through microbial film, and dissolved oxygen wherein will consume gradually.Therefore, in the bio-reaction zone of reactor lower part from right to left by aerobic zone to oxygen-starved area transition.Thus, aerobic zone and oxygen-starved area can be formed in same reactor.This structure of reactor is conducive to realizing simultaneous nitrification and denitrification.
Wherein flow deflector is attached with microbial film, aerobic zone and anaerobic zone is formed in biological degradation district, carry out analysis to microbial film on flow deflector known, in aerobic zone, dominant bacteria comprises AlkaliphilusmetalliredigensQYMF, Geobactersp.M21, DesulfitobacteriumhafnienseDCB-2, Acinetobacterbrisouii, ClostridiumphytofermentansISDg, PedobacterheparinusDSM2366 six kinds;
In anaerobic zone, dominant bacteria comprises AlkaliphilusmetalliredigensQYMF, ClostridiumphytofermentansISDg, PedobacterheparinusDSM2366, AcinetobacterbrisouiiCIP110357, Geobactersp.M21, NitrosococcusoceaniATCC19707, DesulfitobacteriumhafnienseDCB-2 seven kinds.
Aerobic zone and anaerobic zone microorganisms group kind, content distribution are obviously different, the mainly aerobic microbiological that aerobic zone detects, the mainly anaerobion that oxygen-starved area detects, this demonstrates this reactor further has and can form aerobic zone, anaerobic zone two sections in same reactor, carries out the feature of nitration denitrification simultaneously.
AlkaliphilusmetalliredigensQYMF is the number one dominant bacteria of aerobic zone and the number one dominant bacteria of anaerobic zone, this illustrates that this bacterium has amphimicrobian characteristic on the one hand, add on the other hand and brightly in ceramic monolith deflector type internal recycle biofilm reactor, run micro-polluted surface water, the microorganism ceramic flow deflector is the most easily cultivated, adhered to is AlkaliphilusmetalliredigensQYMF.There are 8 kinds of identical microorganisms in aerobic zone and oxygen-starved area simultaneously, but their content ratio shared by aerobic, oxygen-starved area have relatively big difference, although this illustrates that these microorganisms all take part in the reaction in two regions, but effect played in the reaction is not quite similar, the participation situation of nitrification and denitrification process be there are differences, this cause the organism of degrading in the reaction and degradation capability all different; Just because of the existence of these microorganisms, just make this reactor realize simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, utilize micropopulation to drop on advantage on structure and function, for biological denitrificaion provides the foundation more tamped better.
Above-mentioned is can understand and use invention for ease of those skilled in the art to the description of embodiment.Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various amendment to these embodiments, and General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiments and need not through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, those skilled in the art, according to announcement of the present invention, do not depart from improvement that scope makes and amendment all should within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. based on a micro-polluted surface water treatment method for biofilm reactor, it is characterized in that, adopt ceramic monolith water pump to drive deflector type internal recycle biofilm reactor, denitrogenation, dephosphorization and/or organics removal are carried out to micro-polluted surface water.
2. a kind of micro-polluted surface water treatment method based on biofilm reactor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described ceramic monolith water pump drives deflector type internal recycle biofilm reactor to comprise reactor shell, reactor shell is provided with water-in and water outlet, reactor shell inside is provided with division board, inside reactor is divided into the dissolved oxygen district of top and the biological degradation district of below by described division board, and described dissolved oxygen district directly communicates with one end, biological degradation district, the other end is connected with circulation tube by recycle pump, pending waste water circulation is made constantly to flow through dissolved oxygen district and biological degradation district, the built-in some pieces of flow deflectors in described biological degradation district, flow deflector successively height is staggered, formation can make the passage of solution upper and lower baffling in reactor, described flow deflector is as biomembranous carrier.
3. a kind of micro-polluted surface water treatment method based on biofilm reactor according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described flow deflector one side surface is smooth surface, and there are bar shaped lines or little block-type tread lines in opposite side surface.
4. a kind of micro-polluted surface water treatment method based on biofilm reactor according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described flow deflector is porous light stupalith, and described flow deflector arranges 5 ~ 50 pieces.
5. a kind of micro-polluted surface water treatment method based on biofilm reactor according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described flow deflector is attached with microbial film, aerobic zone and anaerobic zone is formed in biological degradation district, wherein, in aerobic zone, dominant bacteria comprises AlkaliphilusmetalliredigensQYMF, Geobactersp.M21, DesulfitobacteriumhafnienseDCB-2, Acinetobacterbrisouii, ClostridiumphytofermentansISDg, PedobacterheparinusDSM2366 six kinds;
In anaerobic zone, dominant bacteria comprises AlkaliphilusmetalliredigensQYMF, ClostridiumphytofermentansISDg, PedobacterheparinusDSM2366, AcinetobacterbrisouiiCIP110357, Geobactersp.M21, NitrosococcusoceaniATCC19707, DesulfitobacteriumhafnienseDCB-2 seven kinds.
6. a kind of micro-polluted surface water treatment method based on biofilm reactor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, carry out denitrogenation processing to micro-polluted surface water, processing condition are as follows: controlling micro-polluted surface water carbon-nitrogen ratio is 18 ~ 20, and in reactor, hydraulic detention time is 14 ~ 16h.
7. a kind of micro-polluted surface water treatment method based on biofilm reactor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, carry out dephosphorization process to micro-polluted surface water, processing condition are as follows: regulate micro-polluted surface water C:N:P to be 100:5:1.
8. a kind of micro-polluted surface water treatment method based on biofilm reactor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, to the process of micro-polluted surface water organics removal, processing condition are as follows: in reactor, hydraulic detention time is 6 ~ 16h.
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