CN105126888A - 一种用于光催化的金复载碳酸氧铋材料及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于光催化的金复载碳酸氧铋材料及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于光催化的金负载碳酸氧铋材料及其制备方法,属于无机纳米材料领域。金负载碳酸氧铋微球的制备为:首先将柠檬酸铋铵和碳酸钠加入到水中,搅拌获得均匀的悬浮溶液,然后将溶液放入水热反应釜中160℃、24h进行水热反应,最后将反应得到的沉淀物离心、洗涤、干燥得到碳酸氧铋纳米球。复载金的过程为:将上述制备的碳酸氧铋和尿素、氯金酸、水一起在水浴条件下80℃、4h进行反应,自然冷却后洗涤、干燥即得到金复载的碳酸氧铋纳米球。所制备的金复载碳酸氧铋纳米球物相为JCPDS编号为84-1752的斜方相的碳酸氧铋,形状为球状,直径约2~5?um,表面金颗粒约5~10nm。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于无机纳米材料和环境污染治理技术领域,具体涉及一种可用于降解污染物(染料)的具有高效光催化活性的金复载碳酸氧铋材料及制备方法。
背景技术
随着人口的急剧膨胀和工业的快速发展,环境污染问题已经成为影响人类生产、生活的首要问题。各国政府都将环境污染治理列为现阶段以及未来几年的头等大事。特别是印染行业中甲基橙等大量水溶性偶氮染料的大量排放,使人类赖以生存的水质日益恶化。这些污染物质多难生物降解,一旦进入水体,由于其在水体中自然降解过程缓慢,其危害性延滞较长。光催化反应可以将污染物在光照条件下完全矿化为各种无机离子,因此在环境治理方面得到了广泛关注,关于光催化剂的研发,成为目前国内外的研究热点。
纳米光催化剂由于具有尺寸小、比表面积大、表面原子配位不全等特点,从而导致其表面的活性位较多,形成了凸凹不平的原子台阶,在作为催化剂使用时可以增大与反应物的接触面积,因此,和传统催化剂相比,具有更高的催化活性。在光催化领域,纳米材料作为催化剂时能使水中的有害有机物质最终分解,避免其对环境的污染。研究表明,纳米材料的反应速度是大块材料的100~1000倍,而且与普通粒子相比,纳米材料几乎不会引起光的散射,因此是极具应用前景的光催化剂。
到目前为止,人们已经用多种方法制备出了不同形貌的纳米碳酸氧铋。虽然制备方法很多,但仍都存在一些不足,并且其量子效率有限,无法作为合适的光催化材料。贵金属沉积是一种有效提高材料催化性能的方法,寻求高催化活性的光催化材料是光催化技术发展的关键。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种可用于降解污染物(染料)的具有高效光催化活性的金复载碳酸氧铋材料及制备方法。
本发明提供的方法是首先通过水热反应过程制备出碳酸氧铋,再利用贵金属沉积的方法在碳酸氧铋表面沉积尺寸可控的纳米金颗粒,所得金复载碳酸氧铋在污染物治理方面具有很好的应用前景。具体包括以下步骤:
1)配置碳酸钠[Na2CO3]、柠檬酸铋铵[C6H13BiN2O7·H2O]、水溶液,室温下搅拌至溶液呈悬浮液;
2)将上述悬浮液移入聚四氟乙烯反应釜中,放入烘箱中160℃反应24h,自然冷却,得到的沉淀离心、洗涤、干燥,即得到碳酸氧铋微球;
3)称取上述固体同尿素、水、氯金酸一起放入圆底烧瓶中,磁力搅拌,水浴加热条件下,80℃、4h;
4)反应结束后,自然冷却,将沉淀离心、洗涤、干燥,最后将样品放入马弗炉中一定温度保温2h,即得到金负载的碳酸氧铋。
本发明中,步骤(1)中所述碳酸钠、柠檬酸铋铵的摩尔比例为1∶2,水的体积根据反应釜填充度(30%~90%)确定;步骤(2)中所述样品的洗涤分别使用水和乙醇,各3次;步骤(3)中所述尿素和氯金酸摩尔浓度一致,具体含量根据负载量换算,步骤(4)中所述马弗炉温度为200~450℃。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
本发明方法使用两步法制备了表面负载金颗粒的碳酸氧铋光催化材料,通过在碳酸氧铋表面沉积金颗粒,所得金复载碳酸氧铋对染料甲基橙的降解具有很好的催化效果。
附图说明
图1是制备的金复载碳酸氧铋的SEM图。
图2是制备的金复载碳酸氧铋中高倍下金的SEM图。
图3是制备的金复载碳酸氧铋的XRD图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行进一步说明。本发明的生产技术对本专业的人来说是容易实施的。本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件,或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。
实施例
称取0.46g碳酸钠[Na2CO3]、1.6g柠檬酸铋铵[C6H13BiN2O7·H2O]加入到70ml水中,室温下搅拌至溶液呈悬浮液。
将上述悬浮液移入100ml聚四氟乙烯反应釜中反应,160℃反应24h,自然冷却,得到的沉淀离心、洗涤、干燥,即得到碳酸氧铋微球。
称取0.5g碳酸氧铋,1.26尿素加入到50ml水中,同时加入2.6mM氯金酸,一起放入圆底烧瓶中,磁力搅拌,水浴加热条件下,80℃反应4h。
反应结束后,自然冷却,将沉淀离心、洗涤、干燥,最后将样品放入马弗炉中350℃保温2h,即得到金负载的碳酸氧铋。
材料的光催化性能测试
准确称量0.1g的金负载碳酸氧铋材料加入100ml甲基橙(MO)溶液(10mg/L)中,超声分散;所得悬浮液避光搅拌1h使材料达到吸附平衡;平衡后取出3ml悬浮液,开启150W氙灯照射,每隔10min取3ml悬浮液于离心管中,总反应时间1h;反应结束,取出的各个样品经离心分离后,取上清液用紫外-可见分光光度计测其在465nm左右的吸光度,从而反映各个降解时间段后剩余甲基橙的浓度,以此来反映本方法制得的金负载碳酸氧铋光催化剂降解甲基橙的效果。
Claims (6)
1.一种用于光催化的金负载的碳酸氧铋纳米材料,其特征在于该材料微观结构为直径约2-5um的球状,球体有均匀的片状结构堆叠构成,纳米片厚度约10-50nm,同时金颗粒均匀粘附在球体表面,颗粒直径小于10nm,成分为JCPDS编号84-1752斜方相结构的碳酸氧铋。
2.如权利要求1所述的金负载的碳酸氧铋纳米材料的制备方法,其特征在于具体合成步骤如下:
(1)配置碳酸钠[Na2CO3]、柠檬酸铋铵[C6H13BiN2O7·H2O]、水溶液,室温下搅拌至溶液呈悬浮液;
(2)将上述悬浮液移入聚四氟乙烯反应釜中,放入烘箱中160℃反应24h,自然冷却,得到的沉淀离心、洗涤、干燥,即得到碳酸氧铋微球;
(3)称取上述固体同尿素、水、氯金酸一起放入圆底烧瓶中,磁力搅拌,水浴加热条件下,80℃、4h;
(4)反应结束后,自然冷却,将沉淀离心、洗涤、干燥,即得到金负载的碳酸氧铋。
3.如权利要求2所述的金负载的碳酸氧铋纳米材料制备方法,其特征在于步骤(1)中所述碳酸钠、柠檬酸铋铵的摩尔比例为1:2,水的体积根据反应釜填充度(30%~90%)确定。
4.如权利要求2所述的金负载的碳酸氧铋纳米材料制备方法,其特征在于步骤(2)中所述样品的洗涤分别使用水和乙醇,各3次。
5.如权利要求2所述的金负载的碳酸氧铋纳米材料制备方法,其特征在于步骤(3)中所述尿素和氯金酸摩尔浓度一致,具体含量根据负载量换算。
6.如权利要求2所述的金负载的碳酸氧铋纳米材料制备方法,其特征在于步骤(4)中所述马弗炉温度为200~450℃。
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CN106847526B (zh) * | 2016-12-26 | 2019-04-19 | 重庆大学 | 一种镍锰双金属氢氧化物复合材料、光催化剂和电极材料 |
CN106861735A (zh) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-06-20 | 常州大学 | 一种碳酸钴复合碳酸铋光催化剂的制备方法 |
CN107754834A (zh) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-06 | 苏州大学 | 基于碘掺杂碳酸氧铋纳米片和二硫化钼修饰的纳米碳纤维复合材料及其制备方法与应用 |
CN107754834B (zh) * | 2017-10-26 | 2023-02-28 | 苏州大学 | 基于碘掺杂碳酸氧铋纳米片和二硫化钼修饰的纳米碳纤维复合材料及其制备方法与应用 |
CN108465473A (zh) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-08-31 | 清华大学 | 铋铜硫氧和/或其复合材料及其制备方法和用途、温度影响的光催化降解甲醛的设备和方法 |
CN108465473B (zh) * | 2018-03-13 | 2021-01-26 | 清华大学 | 铋铜硫氧和/或其复合材料及其制备方法和用途、温度影响的光催化降解甲醛的设备和方法 |
CN109261193A (zh) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-25 | 辽宁大学 | 超声-溶剂热法合成Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4花状复合光催化剂的方法及其应用 |
CN109261193B (zh) * | 2018-11-09 | 2021-07-20 | 辽宁大学 | 超声-溶剂热法合成Bi2O2CO3/g-C3N4花状复合光催化剂的方法及其应用 |
CN113828338A (zh) * | 2020-06-23 | 2021-12-24 | 长沙学院 | 碘插层的碳酸氧铋及其制备方法和应用 |
CN113828338B (zh) * | 2020-06-23 | 2023-12-05 | 长沙学院 | 碘插层的碳酸氧铋及其制备方法和应用 |
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