CN105120668A - 农用化学品组合物、其制备方法及其用途 - Google Patents
农用化学品组合物、其制备方法及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/38—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< where at least one nitrogen atom is part of a heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom rings with more than six members
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N2300/00—Combinations or mixtures of active ingredients covered by classes A01N27/00 - A01N65/48 with other active or formulation relevant ingredients, e.g. specific carrier materials or surfactants, covered by classes A01N25/00 - A01N65/48
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种农用化学品组合物,该组合物包含异菌脲及至少一种选自通式(I)化合物和通式(II)的化合物的大环内酯化合物,在通式(I)中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5及R6独立地表示氢或经取代或未经取代的烷基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、芳基或杂环基;及次结构A及B独立地表示与这些次结构中的每一者键结的两个碳原子通过单键、通过双键连接或通过单键及环氧桥连接;在通式(II)中,R7是氢;R8是氢或通式(III)的基团,在通式(III)中,R9是OH或CH3-CO-NH–;式(IV)的基团,或式(V)的基团;在R10及R11均为氢或结合形成=N-O-CH3基团的情况下,D是单键;或者在R10及R11结合且代表氢的情况下,D则是双键;R12是烷基、烯基或苯基;及R13是OH,R14是氢或R13及R14结合形成=N-OH基团。所述组合物用于控制某一地点的害虫,尤其线虫。
Description
本发明涉及一种农用化学品组合物,尤其是杀线虫组合物。本发明还涉及制备上述农用化学品组合物的方法及其控制线虫的用途。
线虫是微小的圆虫。它们一般被描述为水生、三胚层、不分节、两侧对称的圆虫,其为无色、透明、大多为双性、且呈蠕虫状(蚓状),虽然有些形状肿胀(梨形)。有人指出线虫为最多形态的动物,而现时为止,仅对约3%线虫种类有过详细研究。
植物寄生线虫一般以植物的根部及嫩芽为食。线虫可分为外寄生,即在寄主植物的外部进食;或内寄生,即在寄主植物内部生存/进食。寄生线虫可分为迁移性或固着性。它们对多种农艺及园艺作物造成严重植物产量限制。严重感染内部寄生线虫如某些根结或胞囊线虫可导致收成损失10%至50%。估计全球每年因植物寄生线虫而引致的作物损失达800亿美元。
一些商业上最为熟知的植物寄生线虫如下:
根瘤线虫(Meloidogyne);根瘤线虫(Root-knotnematode)
根腐线虫(Pratylenchus);腐线虫(Lesionnematode)
胞囊线虫(Heterodera);胞囊线虫(Cystnematode)
黄金线虫(Globodera);胞囊线虫(Cystnematode)
茎线虫(Ditylenchus);茎线虫(Stemandbulbnematode)
穿刺线虫(Tylenchulus);柑橘线虫(Citrusnematode)
剑线虫(Xiphinema);剑线虫(Daggernematode)
穿孔线虫(Radopholus);穿孔线虫(Burrowingnematode)
肾形线虫(Rotylenchulus);肾形线虫(Reniformnematode)
螺旋线虫(Helicotylenchus);螺旋线虫(Spiralnematode)
刺线虫(Belonolaimus);针刺线虫(Stingnematode)。
线虫是严重的害虫,控制线虫寄生活性的方法对于现代集约式农业中最大程度增加作物产量来说起重要作用。现有的用于控制线虫的害虫治理方法非常有限。土壤熏蒸剂及有效的非熏蒸性杀线虫剂(尤其氨基甲酸盐及有机磷化合物)日渐受到规管,这是由于其对用户、使用者及环境构成潜在的不良影响。其它有效减少植物寄生线虫数目的方法,如以蒸汽处理加热病土,对本领域一般或广泛应用而言,不但过程繁复,而且成本高昂。
若干种子处理方法,如使用阿维菌素作为杀线虫剂,可有效地保护幼苗根部免受各种植物害虫(包括植物寄生线虫)侵害。与受阿维菌素保护的植物相比,未受保护的根部系统发育迟缓,如有根瘤线虫(根瘤线虫,Meloidogynespp.)更会出现严重的根瘤。嫩芽的明显高度及干重差异也反映着这些土壤下的分别。然而,种子处理的抵御控制线虫入侵通常仅持续较短时间。
因此,非常需要改进的杀线虫组合物和控制线虫以及其它植物害虫及病原体的方法。如处理效果能长期维持,则更为有用。
现已发现一种改进的农用化学品组合物,可用异菌脲混合至少一种大环内酯(macrolide)化合物制备而成。
因此,第一方面,本发明提供一种农用化学品组合物,其包含异菌脲(iprodione)及至少一种选自通式(I)化合物和通式(II)化合物的大环内酯化合物:
通式(I)中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5及R6独立地表示氢或经取代或未经取代的烷基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、芳基或杂环基;及
次结构A及B独立地表示与所述次结构中的每一者键结的两个碳原子通过单键连接、通过双键连接或通过单键及环氧桥连接;
通式(II)中,R7是氢;R8是氢或通式(III)的基团:
其中,R9是OH或CH3-CO-NH–;
公式(IV)的基团:
或公式(V)的基团:
在R10及R11均为氢或结合形成=N-O-CH3基团的情况下,D是单键;或者在R10及R11结合代表氢的情况下,D则是双键;
R12是烷基、烯基或苯基;及
R13是OH,R14是氢或R13及R14结合形成=N-OH基团。
令人意外的是,已发现异菌脲及至少一种来自通式(I)及(II)化合物的大环内酯化合物的组合会产生协同作用及更有效控制线虫及其它植物害虫及病原体。具体地,此组合对控制如蕃茄、胡椒、黄瓜、甜瓜、咖啡豆及大豆等作物中的线虫有意想不到的非常高的活性。
本文所指的“协同”于此方面并非限于理解为组合的杀虫作用,更指与单独使用异菌脲及大环内酯化合物相比,组合的其它有用特性。这种有用特性的可被提及的例子有:扩大杀虫谱的范围至其它害虫,如抗药性病原菌;减少大环内酯化合物的施用率,或借助本发明的组合物,以单独使用为无效的异菌脲及大环内酯施用率,控制目标害虫;提高作物的安全性;提高生产质量(如含更高营养成分或油分、较优质纤维、更长的保质期、减少有毒产物如霉菌毒素的含量、减少任何残余物或不良成分含量或更易于消化);提升耐受不利温度、干旱或水中的盐含量的能力;提升同化速度,如养分吸收、水分吸收及光合作用;有利的作物特性,如改变叶面面积、减少营养生长、增加产量、有利的种子形状/种子厚度或发芽特性、改变腐生物或附生植物的依附、减少老化、增加植物防御素的产生、改进或加快植物成熟、花组增加、减少棉铃落下及破损、更能吸引益虫及捕食者、增加花粉传播、减低对鸟类的吸引力。
本发明的农用化学品组合物有效控制线虫及其它植物害虫及病原体,包括蕃茄、胡椒、黄瓜、甜瓜、咖啡豆及大豆等作物中的害虫如南方根瘤线虫(Meloidogyneincognita)及爪哇根瘤线虫(Meloidogynejavanica)。
本发明的组合物含有异菌脲。异菌脲为化合物3-(3,5-二氯苯基)-N-异丙基-2,4-二氧代咪唑啉-1-羧酰胺的通用名称。异菌脲首次公开于US3,755,350,作为杀真菌剂,特别用于控制翦股颖草的币斑病、褐斑病及叶斑病。此杀真菌剂现有的登记还包括控制多种草坪、商用盆景、蔬菜、果树的叶部及土壤疾病,以及控制花生的菌核病。异菌脲作为杀线虫剂的效用公开于EP1941798。
如前所述,本发明组合物还包含一种来自通式(I)及(II)化合物的大环内酯。通式(I)及(II)的大环内酯化合物于本领域为人所知。大环内酯为倍脉心(milbemycin)及阿维菌素(avermectin)的物质类别,于例如US4,310,519、US5,077,298、DE2717040及US4,427,663等公开。术语“大环内酯”根据本发明亦可理解为此等物质的衍生物,即,例如米尔贝肟(milbemycinoxime)、莫西菌素(moxidectin)、伊维菌素(ivermectin)、阿维菌素(abamectin)、甲氨基阿维菌素(emamectin)、多拉菌素(doramectin),以及通式(I)的多杀菌素(spinosyns)。
通式(I)的化合物中,R1优选为氢或低级烷基,更优选含有1至4个碳原子,更优选甲基。R2优选为杂环基,更优选通式(IV)的基团:
其中,R15是低级烷基,优选含有1至4个碳原子,尤其是甲基或乙基。R3最优选为氢。R4优选低级烷基,优选含有1至3个碳原子,尤其是甲基。R5优选为杂环基,更优选公式(VII)的基团:
R6优选为低级烷基,更优选含有1至3个碳原子,尤其是乙基。通式(I)的化合物中,A及B各自优选为单键或双键。
通式(I)的理想化合物为多杀霉素(spinosad)及乙基多杀菌素(spinetoram)。
通式(II)的化合物中,R12优选含有1至8个碳原子的烷基,更优选含有1至6个碳原子,更优选含有1至4个碳原子。烷基可为直链或支链,优选直链。优选的烷基为甲基、乙基、丙基及丁基。或者,R12也可为烯基,优选含有2至10个碳原子,较优选含有2至8个碳原子,更优选含有2至4个碳原子。烯基可为直链或支链,优选支链。在一个实施方式中,优选结构为支链的C6烯基。再者,R12优选苯基。
通式(II)的理想大环内酯化合物为伊维菌素、阿维菌素、米尔贝霉素(milbemectin)、莫西菌素、依普菌素(eprinomectin)、雷皮菌素(lepimectin)、色拉菌素(selamectin)、多拉菌素。
通式(I)及(II)大环内酯化合物会以游离形式或盐的形式运用。大环内酯(macrolide)化合物的农化兼容盐例如:无机及有机酸的酸加成盐,特别是盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、硝酸、高氯酸、磷酸、甲酸、乙酸、三氟乙酸、草酸、丙二酸、甲苯磺酸或苯甲酸。
阿维菌素是一种用于本发明的组合物中优选的大环内酯化合物。阿维菌素是阿维菌素B1a及阿维菌素B1b的混合物.并在例如伦敦英国作物保护委员会的农药手册第十版(1994)第三页中记载。阿维菌素是市场上有售的化合物。
甲氨基阿维菌素(emamectin)(4”-脱氧-4”-表-N-甲基氨基阿维菌素B1b/B1a)是另一种优选的大环内酯化合物,于US4,874,749有所记载。甲氨基阿维菌素又称MK-244,描述于有机化学期刊第59卷(1994)第7704至7708页。对农化范畴特别为有用的甲氨基阿维菌素盐列载于US5,288,710。
另一种优选的大环内酯化合物包括:含有多杀菌素及其衍生物的化合物组合;含有天然多杀菌素的化合物组合;及含有天然多杀菌素的衍生物的化合物组合。优选地,活性成分含有多杀菌素A、多杀菌素D、或多杀菌素A及多杀菌素D的混合物。一种特别成分为多杀霉素。多杀霉素记载于英国伦敦英国作物保护委员会的农药手册第十一版(1997)第1272至1273页。
本发明的优选实施方式为包含阿维菌素或多杀霉素(具体为游离形式),或甲氨基阿维菌素(具体为盐的形式,尤其苯甲酸盐),作为大环内酯活性成分的组合物。
组合物中可能存在任何合适份量的异菌脲。本发明的一些实施方式中,存在按重量计1%至99%的异菌脲,优选30%至90%,更优选50%至80%。
组合物中可能存在任何合适份量的通式(I)及(II)的大环内酯化合物。本发明的一些实施方式中,存在按重量计1%至50%选自通式(I)及(II)化合物的大环内酯化合物,优选5%至40%,更优选10%至30%。
组合物可以包含一种选自通式(I)及(II)化合物的单一大环内酯化合物。或者,组合物可以包含两种或更多种通式(I)及(II)的大环内酯化合物的混合物。
异菌脲及选自通式(I)及(II)化合物的大环内酯化合物的重量比为1:100至100:1,优选1:50至50:1。
本发明的农用化学组合物可能还含有一种或多种农业可接受助剂。组合物使用的助剂及其份量将因制剂的类型及/或最终使用者施用制剂的方法而定。合适助剂为常规制剂助剂或成分,如溶剂、表面活性剂、稳定剂、抗泡剂、防冻剂、防腐剂、抗氧化剂、色素、增稠剂及惰性填充剂。有关助剂于本领域已知及于市面上有售。本领域的技术人员熟悉此等助剂在本发明组合物制剂中的用途。
组合物可能包含一种或多种溶剂。溶剂可以为有机或无机溶剂。合适溶剂选自能完全溶解所使用的农化活性物质的常规溶剂。合适溶剂于本领域已知及于市面上有售。合适溶剂例子包括水;芳香烃溶剂如二甲苯(例如市面有售的SolvessoTM溶剂产品);矿物油;动物油;植物油;醇,如甲醇、丁醇、戊醇及苯甲醇;酮,如环己酮及γ-丁内酯;吡咯烷酮,如NMP及NOP;醋酸盐,如乙二醇二乙酸酯;二醇类;脂肪酸二甲基酰胺;脂肪酸;及脂肪酸酯。
组合物任选地还含有一种或多种表面活性剂。合适表面活性剂于本领域已知,包括但不限于木质素磺酸、萘磺酸、苯酚磺酸(phenolsulfonicacid)、二丁萘磺酸、烷基芳基磺酸盐、烷基硫酸盐、烷基磺酸盐、芳基磺酸盐、脂肪醇硫酸盐、脂肪酸及硫酸化脂肪醇二醇醚的碱金属盐、碱土金属盐和铵盐,此外还包括磺化萘及萘衍生物与甲醛的缩合物、萘或萘磺酸与苯酚、辛基苯酚、壬基苯酚、烷基苯基聚乙二醇醚、三丁基苯基聚乙二醇醚(tributylphenylpolyglycolether)、三硬脂苯基聚乙二醇醚(tristearylphenylpolyglycolether)、烷基芳基聚醚醇、醇的缩合物及脂肪醇/环氧乙烷缩合物、乙氧化蓖麻油、聚氧乙烯烷基醚、乙氧化聚氧丙烯、月桂醇聚二醇醚缩醛、山梨醇酯、木质素亚硫酸盐废液,以及甲基纤维素及环氧乙烷/环氧丙烷嵌段共聚物。合适的表面活性剂于市面上有售。
组合物任选地还包含一种或多种聚合物稳定剂。可用于本发明的合适聚合物稳定剂包括但不限于聚丙烯、聚异丁烯、聚异戊二烯、单烯烃及二烯烃的共聚物、聚丙烯酸酯、聚苯乙烯、聚醋酸乙烯酯、聚氨酯或聚酰胺。合适的稳定剂于本领域已知及于市面上有售。
组合物可包括抗泡剂。合适抗泡剂包括在农用化学品组合物中一般用于此目的的消泡物质,本领域技术人员将会熟知有关物质。合适抗泡剂于本领域已知及于市面上有售。特别优选的抗泡剂为聚二甲基硅氧烷及全氟烷基磷酸(perfluroalkylphosphonicacid)的混合物,如聚硅氧烷抗泡剂(例如市面有售的GE或康普顿(Compton)抗泡剂)。
组合物还可存在一种或多种防腐剂。合适防腐剂包括在此类型的农用化学品组合物中一般用于此目的的防腐物质,也于本领域广为人知。可能提到的合适例子包括BayerAG有售的及
再者,组合物可包括一种或多种抗氧化剂。合适抗氧化剂为在农用化学品组合物中一般用于此目的的抗氧化物质,且于本领域已知。优选的例子为丁基化羟基甲苯。
组合物可再包含一种或多种固体黏着剂。这种黏着剂于本领域已知及于市面有售。它们包括有机粘合剂,其中包括胶黏剂(如经取代纤维素的纤维素);粉末、颗粒、或晶格形式的天然及合成共聚物;及无机粘合剂如石膏、石英及水泥。
组合物可进一步包含一种或多种惰性填充剂。这种惰性填充剂于本领域已知及于市面有售。合适填充剂包括,例如天然研磨矿物,如高岭土、矾土、滑石、白垩、石英、硅镁土、蒙脱石、及硅藻土,或合成研磨矿物如高分散硅酸、氧化铝、硅酸盐及磷酸钙及磷酸氢钙。合适惰性填充剂颗粒包括,例如压碎及分馏天然矿物,如方解石、大理石、浮石、海泡石、及白云石,或无机和有机研磨材料合成颗粒,以及有机材料颗粒如木屑、椰壳、玉米穗轴及烟草茎。
组合物可进一步包含一种或多种增稠剂。合适增稠剂包括在农用化学品组合物中一般用于此目的的增稠物质。合适增稠剂例子包括胶土,如黄原胶、聚乙烯醇(PVOH)、纤维素及其衍生物、水化硅酸盐黏土、硅酸镁铝或其混合物。这些增稠剂也于本领域已知及于市面有售。
本发明的一些实施方式中,如上所述,农用化学品组合物可以纯组合物形式使用或优选连同至少一种助剂使用。
本发明组合物也可包含其它活性成分以达到特定效果,例如杀菌剂、杀真菌剂、杀虫剂、杀线虫剂、除螺剂或除草剂。提供上述活性所需的合适化合物于本领域已知及于市面上有售。
本发明农用化学品组合物可按其使用环境以不同方法配制。合适制剂技术于本领域已知,包括水分散粉剂、粉剂、糊剂、水分散粒剂、水溶液、乳油、水乳剂、悬浮剂、悬乳剂、喷雾剂、或微胶囊悬浮剂。更优选地,农用化学品组合物可配制成水分散粒剂、乳油、悬浮剂、悬乳剂、或微胶囊悬浮剂。
本发明使用的制剂类型例子如下:
A)可溶液剂(SL)
将异菌脲及至少一种选自通式(I)及(II)化合物的大环内酯化合物溶于水溶性溶剂。可加入一种或多种湿润剂及/或其它助剂。加水稀释后,活性化合物溶解。
B)乳油(EC)
将异菌脲及至少一种选自通式(I)及(II)化合物的大环内酯化合物溶于与水不混溶的溶剂,优选加入一种或多种非阴离子乳化剂及阴离子乳化剂。以如搅拌等方法搅匀混合物,制成均匀的制剂。加水稀释后,产生稳定乳液。
C)水乳剂(EW)
将异菌脲及至少一种选自通式(I)及(II)化合物的大环内酯化合物溶于一种或多种合适的与水不混溶的溶剂,优选加入一种或多种非阴离子乳化剂及阴离子乳化剂。所产生混合物使用合适工具如乳化器加入水中,以形成均匀乳液。加水稀释后,产生稳定乳液。
D)悬浮剂(SC、OD、FS)
在搅拌球磨机中,将异菌脲及至少一种选自通式(I)及(II)化合物的大环内酯化合物研磨,优选加入一种或多种分散剂及湿润剂,以及水或溶剂,以产生精细活性化合物悬浮液。加水稀释后,产生稳定的活性化合物悬浮液。
E)水分散粒剂及可溶粒剂(WG、SG)
将异菌脲及至少一种来自通式(I)及(II)化合物的大环内酯化合物磨细,优选加入一种或多种分散剂及湿润剂,并使用合适技术如挤压、在喷雾塔干燥、或经流体化床处理,制备成水分散性或可溶粒剂。加水稀释后,产生稳定的活性化合物分散体或溶液。
F)水分散性粉剂及可溶粉剂(WP、SP)
在合适仪器如转子-定子磨机中磨碎异菌脲及至少一种来自通式(I)及(II)化合物的大环内酯化合物,优选加入一种或多种分散剂、湿润剂及硅胶。加水稀释后,产生稳定的活性化合物分散体或溶液。
G)粒剂(GR、FG、GG、MG)
在合适仪器中磨细异菌脲及至少一种来自通式(I)及(II)化合物的大环内酯化合物,加入最高至99.5重量份载体。然后,使用合适技术如挤压、喷雾干燥、或使用流体化床制成粒剂。
另一方面,本发明提供前述组合物用于控制某一地点的害虫的用途,尤其用作杀线虫剂的用途。
此外,另一方面,本发明提供控制某一地点的害虫(尤其线虫)的方法,所述方法包括在所述地点施用上述组合物。
使用时,本发明组合物可施用于目标植物或有关植物的一个或多个部分(如叶部或种子)或用于植物地点。
另一方面,本发明提供控制某一地点的线虫及其它植物害虫及病原体的方法,所述方法包括向所述地点施用异菌脲及至少一种选自通式(I)及(II)化合物的大环内酯化合物。上述活性化合物可在所述地点分开施用(例如同时或连续施用)。或者,活性化合物可一并施用,优选以上述组合物的方式施用。
具体地,本发明农用化学品组合物及方法可用于控制线虫及其它植物害虫及病原体,如:
·线虫,选自根瘤线虫、胞囊线虫、穿孔线虫、剑线虫、矛线虫、钉线虫、肾形线虫、腐线虫、环形线虫、螺旋线虫、针刺线虫、短粗(stubby)线虫、矮化线虫、球茎线虫、粒瘿线虫及叶芽线虫;
·微细毛剌线虫(Paratrichodorusminor)、长针线虫属(Longidorusspp.)、伪强壮螺旋线虫(Helicotylenchuspseudorobustus)、帽形纽带线虫(Hoplolaimusgaleatus)、矛状线虫(H.columbus)、垫刃形纽带线虫(H.tylenchiformis)、毛剌线虫(Trichodorusproximus)、标准剑线虫(Xiphinemaindex)、美洲剑线虫(X.americanum)、茎线虫(Ditylenchusdipsaci)、马铃薯茎线虫(D.destructor)、假根瘤线虫(Nacobbusaberrans)、短环长针线虫(Longidorusbreviannulatus)、非洲长针线虫(L.africanus)、环腐线虫(Mesocriconemaxenoplax)、水稻叶芽线虫(Aphelenchoidesbesseyi)、草莓叶芽线虫(A.fragariae)、垫刃形纽带线虫(Zygotylenchusguevarai)、长尾刺线虫(Belonolaimuslongicaudatus)、细小剌线虫(B.gracilis)、小麦粒线虫(Anguinatritici)、肾形线虫属(Rotylenchulusspp.)、亚蠖线虫属(Subanguinaspp.)、小环纹线虫属(Criconemellaspp.)、轮线虫属(Criconemoidesspp.)、锥线虫属(Dolichodorusspp.)、半轮线虫属(Hemicriconemoidesspp.)、鞘线虫属(Hemicycliophoraspp.)、潜根线虫属(Hirschmaniellaspp.)、根结线虫属(Hypsoperinespp.)、大节片线虫属(Macroposthoniaspp.)、矮化线虫属(Meliniusspp.)、斑皮线虫属(Punctoderaspp.)、五沟线虫属(Quinisulciusspp.)、盾状线虫属(Scutellonemaspp.)、及矮化线虫属(Tylenchorhynchusspp.);
·来自粒线虫属(Anguinaspp.);叶芽线虫属(Aphelenchoidesspp.);茎线虫属(Ditylenchusspp.);
·来自黄金线虫属(Globoderaspp.),例如马铃薯黄金线虫(G.rostochiensis),及马铃薯白线虫(G.pallida);长针线虫属(Longidorusspp.);
·来自根瘤线虫属(Meloidogynespp.),例如南方根瘤线虫(Meloidogyneincognita)及爪哇根瘤线虫(Meloidogynejavanica);
·来自短体线虫属(Pratylenchus),例如螺旋短体线虫(P.neglectans)、斯克里布纳短体线虫(P.scribneri)、索式短体线虫(P.thornei)、短小短体线虫(P.brachyurus)、咖啡短体线虫(P.coffeae)、玉米短体线虫(P.zeae),和穿剌短体线虫(P.penetrans);
·来自穿孔线虫属(Radopholusspp.),例如香蕉穿孔线虫(Radopholussimilis)、柑橘穿孔线虫(R.citrophilus);
·来自针线虫属(Trichodorusspp.);穿刺线虫(Tylenchulus),例如半穿刺线虫(Tylenchulussemipenetrans);及剑线虫属(Xiphinemaspp.);
·来自胞囊线虫属(Heteroderaspp.),例如甜菜胞囊线虫(H.schachtii)、禾谷胞囊线虫(H.avenae)、大豆胞囊线虫(H.glycines)、胡萝卜胞囊线虫(H.carotae)、豌豆胞囊线虫(H.goettingiana)、玉米胞囊线虫(H.zeae)及三叶草胞囊线虫(H.trifolii);及
·来自根瘤线虫属(Meloidogynespp.),例如南方根瘤线虫(M.incognita)、爪哇根瘤线虫(M.javanica)、北方根瘤线虫(M.hapla)、花生根瘤线虫(M.arenaria)、哥伦比亚根瘤线虫(M.chitwoodi)、禾本科根瘤线虫(M.graminis)、玛雅古根瘤线虫(M.mayaguensis)、法拉克斯根瘤线虫(M.fallax)、纳西根瘤线虫(M.naasi)。
·来自鳞翅目(Lepidoptera),例如长翅卷蛾属(Aclerisspp.)、褐带卷蛾属(Adoxophyesspp.),尤其棉褐带卷蛾(Adoxophyesreticulana);透翅蛾属(Aegeriaspp.)、夜蛾属(Agrotisspp.),尤其小剑切根虫(Agrotisspinifera);棉叶波纹夜蛾(Alabamaargillaceae)、淀粉样属(Amyloisspp.)、黎豆夜蛾(Anticarsiagemmatalis)、黄卷蛾属(Archipsspp.)、带卷蛾属(Argyrotaeniaspp.)、纹夜蛾属(Autographaspp.)、玉米蛀茎褐夜蛾(Busseolafusca)、干果斑螟(Cadracautella)、桃小食心虫(Carposinanipponensis)、二化螟属(Chilospp.)、色卷蛾属(Choristoneuraspp.)、葡萄果蠹蛾(Clysiaambiguella)、纵卷叶野螟属(Cnaphalocrocisspp.)、卷蛾属(Cnephasiaspp.)、细卷蛾属(Cochylisspp.)、鞘蛾属(Coleophoraspp.)、大菜螟(Crocidolomiabinotalis)、苹果异形小卷蛾(Cryptophlebialeucotreta)、小卷蛾属(Cydiaspp.),尤其苹果蠹蛾(Cydiapomonella);灰杆草螟属(Diatraeaspp.)、展叶松夜蛾(Diparopsiscastanea)、实蛾属(Eariasspp.)、干果斑螟属(Ephestiaspp.),尤其地中海粉螟(E.Khüniella);白小卷蛾属(Eucosmaspp.)、葡萄与苹果卷叶蛾(Eupoeciliaambiguella)、茶黄毒蛾属(Euproctisspp.)、切根虫属(Euxoaspp.)、小食心虫属(Grapholitaspp.)、云雾广翅小卷蛾(Hedyanubiferana)、夜蛾属(Heliothisspp.)、尤其烟草青虫(H.virescens)和玉米穗虫(H.zea);菜心野螟(Hellulaundalis)、美国白蛾(Hyphantriacunea)、茄茎麦蛾(Keiferialycopersicella)、旋纹潜蛾(Leucopterascitella)、细蛾属(Lithocollethisspp.)、小卷蛾属(Lobesiaspp.)、毒蛾属(Lymantriaspp.)、潜蛾属(Lyonetiaspp.)、天幕毛虫属(Malacosomaspp.)、甘蓝夜蛾(Mamestrabrassicae)、烟草天蛾(Manducasexta)、尺蠖蛾属(Operophteraspp.)、玉米螟(OstriniaNubilalis)、超小卷蛾属(Pammenespp.)、褐卷蛾属(Pandemisspp.)、小眼夜蛾(Panolisflammea)、红铃麦蛾属(Pectinophoraspp.)、马铃薯麦蛾(Phthorimaeaoperculella)、小菜粉蝶日本亚种(Pierisrapae)、毛连菜属(Pierisspp.)、菜蛾(Plutellaxylostella)、巢蛾属(Praysspp.)、白螟属(Scirpophagaspp.)、大螟属(Sesamiaspp.)、长须卷蛾属(Sparganothisspp.)、海灰翅叶蛾(Spodopteralittoralis)、猛透翅蛾属(Synanthedonspp.)、带蛾属(Thaumetopoeaspp.)、卷叶蛾属(Tortrixspp.)、粉纹夜蛾(Trichoplusiani)和巢蛾属(Yponomeutaspp.);
·来自鞘翅目(Coleoptera),例如,金针虫属(Agriotesspp.)、花象甲属(Anthonomusspp.)、甜菜隐食甲(Atomarialinearis)、甜菜茎跳甲(Chaetocnematibialis)、象甲属(Cosmopolitesspp.)、栗象属(Curculiospp.)、皮属(Dermestesspp.)、叶甲属(Diabroticaspp.)、豆瓢虫属(Epilachnaspp.)、鞘翅目虫(Eremnusspp.)、马铃薯叶甲(Leptinotarsadecemlineata)、稻象属(Lissorhoptrusspp.)、鳃角金龟属(Melolonthaspp.)、鞘翅目虫(Orycaephilusspp.)、草莓根象甲属(Otiorhynchusspp.)、斑象属(Phlyctinusspp.)、弧丽拔属(Popilliaspp.)、跳甲属(Psylliodesspp.)、谷蠹属(Rhizoperthaspp.)、金龟甲科(Scarabeidae)、米象属(Sitophilusspp.)、麦蛾属(Sitotrogaspp.)、粉虫属(Tenebriospp.)、拟古谷属(Triboliumspp.)和皮蠹属(Trogodermaspp.);
·来自直翅目(Orthoptera),例如,蠊属(Blattaspp.)、小蠊属(Blattellaspp.)、蝼蛄属(Gryllotalpaspp.)、马德拉蜚蠊(Leucophaeamaderae)、飞蝗属(Locustaspp.)、大蠊属(Periplanetassp.)、和蚱蜢属(Schistocercaspp.);
·来自等翅目(Isoptera),例如,犀白蚁属(Reticulitemesspp.);
·来自啮虫目(Psocoptera),例如,书虱属(Liposcelisspp.);
·来自虱目(Anoplura),例如,血虱属(Haematopinusspp.)、长颚虱属(Linognathusspp.)、虱属(Pediculusspp.)、天疱疮属(Pemphigusspp.)和根瘤蚜属(Phylloxeraspp.);
·来自食毛目(Mallophaga),例如畜虱属(Damalineaspp.)和啮毛虱属(Trichodectesspp.);
·来自缨翅目(Thysanoptera),例如,花蓟马属(Franklinellaspp.)、条蓟马属(Hercinothripsspp.)、带蓟马属(Taeniothripsspp.)、蓟马(Thripspalmi)、烟蓟马(Thripstabaci)和非洲桔硬蓟马(Scirtothripsaurantii);
·来自异翅亚目(Heteroptera),例如,臭虫属(Cimexspp.)、可可瘤盲蝽(Distantiellatheobroma)、蛇莓属(Dysdercusspp.)、美洲蝽属(Euchistusspp.)、扁盾蝽属(Eurygasterspp.)、稻缘蝽属(Leptocorisaspp.)、绿蝽属(Nezaraspp.)、网蝽属(Piesmaspp.)、长红猎蝽属(Rhodniusspp.)、可可褐盲蝽属(Sahlbergellasingularis)、黑蝽属(Scotinopharaspp.)和锥蝽属(Triatomaspp.);
·来自同翅目(Homoptera),例如,绵粉虱(Aleurothrixusfloccosus)、甘蓝粉虱(Aleyrodesbrassicae)、圆盾蚧属(Aonidiellaspp.)、蚜科(Aphididae)、蚜属(Aphisspp.)、圆盾蚧属(Aspidiotusspp.)、团扇荠(Bemisiatabaci)、蜡蚧属(Ceroplasterspp.)、茶褐圆蚧(Chrysomphalusaonidium)、蔷薇软蚧(Chrysomphalusdictyospermi)、褐软蚧(Coccushesperidum)、微叶蝉属(Empoascaspp.)、苹果绵蚜(Eriosomalarigerum)、斑叶蝉属(Erythroneuraspp.)、同翅目虫(Gascardiaspp.)、飞虱属(Laodelphaxspp.)、水木坚蚧(Lacaniumcomi)、牡蛎盾蚧属(Lepidosaphesspp.)、长管蚜属(Macrosiphusspp.)、瘤蚜属(Myzusspp.)、长翅虱(Nehoteftixspp.)、飞虱属(Nilaparvataspp.)、环翅卷蛾属(Paratoriaspp.)、瘦绵蚜属(Pemphigusspp.)、粉蚧属(Planococcusspp.)、白蚧属(Pseudaulacaspisspp.)、粉蚧属(Pseudococcusspp.)、木虱属(Psyllaspp.)、Pulvinariaaethiopica、圆盾蚧属(Quadraspidiotusspp.)、缢管蚜属(Rhopalosiphumspp.)、盔蚧属(Saissetiaspp.)、叶蝉属(Scaphoideusspp.)、二叉蚜属(Schizaphisspp.)、芒蚜属(Sitobionspp.)、温室粉虱(Trialeurodesvaporariorum)、南非柑橘木虱(Triozaerytreae)和桔盾蚧(Unaspiscitri);
·来自膜翅目(Hymenoptera),例如,叶蚁(Acromyrmex)、切叶蚁属(Attaspp.)、茎锯蜂属(Cephusspp.)、叶蜂属(Diprionspp.)、锯节叶蜂科(Diprionidae)、云杉叶蜂(Gilpiniapolytoma)、实蜂属(Hoplocampaspp.)、黑蚁属(Lasiusspp.)、小黄家蚁(Monomoriumpharaonis)、锯角叶蜂属(Neodiprionspp)、水蚁属(Solenopsisspp.)和胡蜂属(Vespaspp.);
·来自双翅目(Diptera),例如,伊蚊属(Aedesspp.)、高粱芒蚊(Antherigonasoccata)、花园毛岐(Bibiohortulanus)、红头丽蝇(Calliphoraerythrocephala)、蜡实蝇属(Ceratitisspp.)、金蝇属(Chrysomyiaspp.)、库蚊属(Culexspp.)、黄蝇属(Cuterebraspp.)、大实蝇属(Dacusspp.)、果蝇(Drosophilamelanogaster)、厕蝇属(Fanniaspp.)、胃蝇属(Gastrophilusspp.)、舌蝇属(Glossinaspp.)、皮蝇属(Hypodermaspp.)、虱蝇属(Hyppoboscaspp.)、潜叶蝇属(Liriomysaspp.)、绿蝇属(Luciliaspp.)、潜蝇属(Melanagromyzaspp.)、舍蝇属(Muscaspp.)、狂蝇属(Oestrusspp.)、稻瘿蚊(Orseoliaspp.)、瑞典麦秆蝇(Oscinellafrit)、黎泉蝇(Pegomyiahyoscyami)、麦蝇属(Phorbiaspp.)、苹果实蝇(Rhagoletispomonella)、潭蝇属(Sciaraspp.)、螯蝇属(Stomoxysspp.)、虻属(Tabanusspp.)、螗蜩属(Tanniaspp.)、稻大蚊属(Tipulaspp.);
·来自蚤目(Siphonaptera),例如,角叶蚤(Ceratophyllusspp.)和东方鼠蚤(Xenopsyllacheopis);
·来自婴尾目(Thysanura),例如,西洋衣鱼(Lepismasaccharina)及
·来自蜱螨目(Acarina),例如,粗脚粉螨(Acarussiro)、柑橘瘤瘿螨(Aceriasheldoni);针剌锈螨属(Aculusspp.),尤其苹果锈蜱(A.schlechtendali);花蜱属(Amblyommaspp.)、隐喙蜱属(Argasspp.)、牛蜱属(Boophilusspp.)、短须螨属(Brevipalpusspp.),尤其加州伪叶螨(B.californicus)及红伪叶螨(B.phoenicis);苜蓿苔螨(Bryobiapraetiosa)、上三节瘿螨属(Calipitrimerusspp.)、皮螨属(Chorioptesspp.)、鶏皮刺螨(Dermanyssusgallinae)、始叶螨属(Eotetranychusspp.),尤其鹅耳枥始叶螨(E.carpini)及东方始叶螨(E.orientalis);瘿螨属(Eriophyesspp.),尤其葡萄瘿螨;玻眼蜱属(Hyalommaspp.)、硬蜱属(Ixodesspp.)、草地小爪螨(Olygonychuspratensis)、钝喙蜱属(Ornithodorosspp.)、全爪螨属(Panonychusspp.),尤其苹果全爪螨(P.ulmi)及柑橘全爪螨(P.citri);皱叶刺节蜱属(Phyllocoptrutaspp.),尤其柑桔皱叶刺节蜱(P.oleivora);多食跗线螨属(Polyphagotarsonemusspp.),尤其侧多食跗线螨(P.latus);瘙螨属(Psoroptesspp.)、扇头蜱属(Rhipicephalusspp.)、根螨属(Rhizoglyphusspp.)、疥螨属(Sarcoptesspp.)、跗线螨属(Tarsonemusspp.)和叶螨属(Tetranychusspp.),特别是二点叶螨(T.urticae)、朱砂叶螨(T.cinnabarinus)及神泽氏叶螨(T.Kanzawai)。
本发明的组合物及方法对控制作物中的线虫特别有利。合适目标作物包括谷类,如小麦、大麦、黑麦、燕麦、稻米、玉米、高粱、黍及木薯;甜菜类,如甜菜及饲用甜菜;水果,如梨果、有核水果及无核水果,如苹果、梨、李子、桃、杏仁、樱桃及莓类,如草莓、红莓和黑莓;豆类作物,如豆、扁豆、豌豆及大豆;油料作物,如油菜、芥菜、罂粟、橄榄、向日葵、椰子、蓖麻、可可豆和花生;瓜类,如节瓜、黄瓜及甜瓜;纤维作物,如棉花、亚麻、大麻和黄麻;柑橘类水果,如橙、柠檬、柚子和橘子;蔬菜,如菠菜、生菜、芦笋、卷心菜、胡萝卜、洋葱、蕃茄、马铃薯和辣椒;樟科作物,如牛油果、肉桂和樟脑;以及烟草、坚果、咖啡、茄子、甘蔗、茶、胡椒、葡萄、蛇麻草、香蕉、天然橡胶作物、桉树和观赏作物;其中特别优选用于处理的作物是蕃茄、胡椒、黄瓜、甜瓜、咖啡及大豆。
一般来说,此组合物可予以制备及应用,以使异菌脲及通式(I)及(II)的大环内酯化合物的农用化学品组合物可按处理地点所需以任何合适的速率施用。施用率可以在大范围内变化,这取决于各种因素如土壤成分、施用类别(叶面施用、拌种、播种沟中施用)、目标作物、所控制的线虫、各自普遍的气候情况、以及由施用类别、施用时间及目标作物而定的其它因素。总括而言,农用化学品组合物施用率为每公顷1至约2000克,特别是10至1000克/公顷,优选10至500克/公顷,更优选为10至200克/公顷。
根据本发明,异菌脲及通式(I)及(II)的大环内酯活性化合物可以任何上述合适形式施用,以及可同时或于短期内(如于同一天)连续施用于需控制的地点。在一个优选的实施方式中,通过使用本发明的组合物,同时施用异菌脲与通式(I)及(II)的大环内酯化合物。异菌脲及通式(I)及(II)的大环内酯化合物可以任意顺序施用于植物或地点。各化合物可单次或多次施用。优选地,各化合物均施用多次,如二至五次,更优选三次。
根据本发明,活性化合物可于任何合适时间施用。本发明的一些实施方式中,活性化合物在种植前、种植时或种植后施用于土壤或植物所在地点。可按本领域已知的传统方法进行有关处理,如滴灌、喷洒及土壤熏蒸。一些实施方式中,活性化合物施用于植物繁殖材料,如种子(透过种子包衣技术)。此等施用方法及相应施用机器于本领域已知。
异菌脲及通式(I)及(II)的大环内酯化合物可按各自比例使用任何份量。具体地,化合物施用于植物或地点的相对用量如上所述,其中异菌脲与通式(I)及(II)的大环内酯化合物的比例范围优选为1:100至100:1。
如果同时施用异菌脲及通式(I)及(II)的大环内酯化合物,两种物质可从不同的制剂来源取得,然后加以混合(即桶混、现成液、喷液、或浆液),及任选地可加入其它杀虫剂;或可从单一制剂混合物来源取得(即预混、浓缩物、配制化合物(或产品)),及任选地可加入其它杀虫剂混合。
现以下列实施例说明本发明的实施方式,仅供说明用途。
除本说明书或权利要求书有相反说明,百分比按重量计算。
制剂实施例
例1可溶液剂(SL)
可溶液剂制剂以下列组成制备:
例2乳油(EC)
乳油以下列组成制备:
例3水分散性粉剂(WP)
水分散性粉剂以下列组成制备:
例4水分散粒剂(WG)
水分散粒剂制剂以下列组成制备:
例5悬浮液
悬浮液制剂以下列组成制备:
例6可溶液剂(SL)
可溶液剂以下列组成制备:
例7水分散粒剂(WG)
水分散粒剂以下列组成制备:
例8悬浮种衣剂(FS)
悬浮种衣剂以下列组成制备:
例9可溶液剂(SL)
可溶液剂以下列组成制备:
例10水分散粒剂(WG)
水分散粒剂制剂以下列组成制备:
例11水乳剂(EW)
水乳剂制剂以下列组成制备:
例12悬浮液
悬浮液制剂以下列组成制备:
测试实施例
测试1–对南方根瘤线虫(Meloidogyneincognita)的杀线虫活性
向底部为0.25平方米及载有2至3厘米深沙土层的塑料盒中均匀地加入100条南方根瘤线虫(Meloidogyneincognita)。各处理重复三次并进行测试。施用异菌脲(Bayer的)、阿维菌素(Syngenta的)、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐Syngenta的)、多杀霉素(陶氏的Success)及上述实施例例1至12的各种制剂,并根据24或48小时后的死亡率评估效用。
结果如下表所载。
从上表可以看出,与市面有售的组合物相比,根据本发明制备的制剂对控制目标害虫有明显改善的功效。
测试2–对爪哇根瘤线虫(Meloidogynejavanica)的杀线虫活性
重复测试1的一般步骤,评估对爪哇根瘤线虫(Meloidogynejavanica)的杀线虫活性.
结果如下表所载。
从上表可以看出,与市面有售的组合物相比,根据本发明制备的制剂对控制目标害虫有明显改善的功效。
测试3–在蕃茄上的杀线虫效果
蕃茄种子在含有商业育苗基质的播种箱内进行播种,并在两星期后把植物移植到,内载250克(干重)经蒸汽消毒的砂的十厘米花盆。每盆感染30000颗爪哇根瘤线虫(Meloidogynejavanica)卵。施用异菌脲(Bayer的)、阿维菌素(Syngenta的)、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(Syngenta的)、多杀霉素(陶氏的Success)及上述例1至12的各种制剂。花盆以随机化完全区组设计排列,每项处理重复设置六次,且于温室以室温及环境光培植。植物按需要每天浇水。处理后一个月,量度植物高度及按根瘤评分0-10(其中0=无根瘤及10=100%根部表面出现根瘤)评定根瘤情况。
结果如下表所载。
从上表可以看出,与市面有售的组合物相比,根据本发明制备的制剂对控制目标害虫有明显改善的功效。
Claims (32)
1.一种农用化学品组合物,所述组合物包含异菌脲及至少一种选自通式(I)化合物和通式(II)化合物的大环内酯化合物:
通式(I)中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5及R6独立地表示氢或经取代或未经取代的烷基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、芳基或杂环基;及
次结构A及B独立地表示与这些次结构中的每一者键结的两个碳原子通过单键连接、通过双键连接或通过单键及环氧桥连接;
通式(II)中,R7是氢;R8是氢或通式(III)的基团:
其中,R9是OH或CH3-CO-NH–;
式(IV)的基团:
或式(V)的基团:
在R10及R11均为氢或结合形成=N-O-CH3基团的情况下,D是单键;或者在R10及R11结合代表氢的情况下,D则是双键;
R12是烷基、烯基或苯基;及
R13是OH,R14是氢或R13及R14结合形成=N-OH基团。
2.根据权利要求1所述的农用化学品组合物,其中通式(I)化合物中R1为氢或低级烷基。
3.根据权利要求2所述的农用化学品组合物,其中R1为甲基。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物,其中R2为通式(VI)的基团:
其中R15为低级烷基。
5.根据权利要求4所述的农用化学品组合物,其中R15为甲基或乙基。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物,其中R3为氢。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物,其中R4为低级烷基。
8.根据权利要求7所述的农用化学品组合物,其中R4为甲基。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物,其中R5为通式(VII)的基团:
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物,其中R6为低级烷基。
11.根据权利要求10所述的农用化学品组合物,其中R6为甲基。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物,其中A及B各为单键或双键。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物,其中所述通式(I)化合物为多杀霉素或乙基多杀菌素。
14.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物,其中在通式(II)化合物中,R12为含有1至4个碳原子的烷基。
15.根据权利要求1-13中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物,其中在通式(II)化合物中,R12为含有2至4个碳原子的烯基或含有6个碳原子的支链烯基。
16.根据权利要求1-13中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物,其中在通式(II)化合物中,R12为苯基。
17.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物,其中该通式(II)化合物为伊维菌素、阿维菌素、米尔贝霉素、莫西菌素、依普菌素、雷皮菌素、色拉菌素或多拉菌素。
18.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物,其中所述通式(I)或(II)化合物以盐的形式存在。
19.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物,其中异菌脲以30至90重量%的量存在。
20.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物,其中所述通式(I)或(II)化合物以5至40重量%的量存在。
21.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物,所述组合物包含两种或更多种通式(I)及/或(II)化合物。
22.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物,其中异菌脲与通式(I)或(II)的大环内酯化合物的重量比为1:50至50:1。
23.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物,所述组合物进一步包含溶剂。
24.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物,所述组合物进一步包含表面活性剂。
25.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物,所述组合物进一步包含聚合物稳定剂。
26.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物,其中所述组合物为可溶液剂(SL)、乳油(EC)、水乳剂(EW)、悬浮液(SC、OD、FS)、水分散或可溶粒剂(WG、SG)、水分散性或可溶粉剂(WP、SP)、或粒剂(GR、FG、GG、MG)。
27.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农用化学品组合物用于控制某一地点的害虫的用途。
28.一种用于控制某一地点害虫的方法,所述方法包括向所述地点施用根据权利要求1-26中任一项所述的组合物。
29.一种控制某一地点线虫及其它植物害虫及病原体的方法,所述方法包括向所述地点施用异菌脲及至少一种选自根据权利要求1-18中任一项界定的通式(I)及(II)化合物的大环内酯化合物。
30.根据权利要求29所述的方法,其中所述方法包括向所述地点施用根据权利要求1-26中任一项所述的组合物。
31.一种基本上如上文所述的农用化学品组合物。
32.一种基本上如上文所述的控制某一地点害虫的方法。
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