CN105115587A - Device and method for measuring vibration frequency of tall building structure on the basis of Doppler radar - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring vibration frequency of tall building structure on the basis of Doppler radar Download PDFInfo
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- CN105115587A CN105115587A CN201510508919.6A CN201510508919A CN105115587A CN 105115587 A CN105115587 A CN 105115587A CN 201510508919 A CN201510508919 A CN 201510508919A CN 105115587 A CN105115587 A CN 105115587A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and method for measuring the vibration frequency of a tall building structure on the basis of a Doppler radar. The device comprises an AC power supply, a coupler, a driving amplifier, a power amplifier, an emitting antenna, a receiving antenna, a low-noise amplifier, and a mixer. The method comprises that the AC power supply generates a radiofrequency signal and the radiofrequency signal is divided into two sub radiofrequency signals by the coupler, wherein one sub radiofrequency signal is input into the mixer via the driving amplifier to provide a local oscillation signal and the other sub radiofrequency signal is input into the emitting antenna via the power amplifier to form an emitting signal; the emitting signal generates a reflected signal after reaching a vibrating target building structure and the reflected signal is received by the receiving antenna and is input into the mixer via the low-noise amplifier; the mixer mixes the received two signals and acquires a down-conversion signal in order to obtain Doppler frequency; and processing is carried out in order to finally obtain the vibration frequency of the target building structure. The method achieves noncontact measurement, has an all-weather operating characteristic, and is high in accuracy and good in realtimeness.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to signal transacting and detection technique field, particularly a kind of high building structure vibration frequency measuring device based on radar Doppler and method.
Technical background
, in city, there is a large amount of executive information systems in society.While building is more and more higher, the New Building Materials of high-strength light also constantly occur, the rigidity of high-level structure and damping are constantly declined.The feature of skyscraper and high-rise building is that slenderness ratio is large, under the effect of dynamic load (mainly wind load), is just easy to produce vibration and distortion.Mainly contain following several aspect: the Along-wind vibration of the works 1. caused due to the wind-force effect consistent with wind direction; 2. works whirlpool behind causes the beam wind of works to vibration, especially very important to some self-supporting elongated rod works such as chimney, skyscraper; 3. the vibration caused by the air-flow in other Building Wake; 4. Cross deformation formula is caused to vibrate by air negative damping.In this case, the safe condition of high-rise under high wind state is quite troubling.In order to avoid causing unnecessary fear and guaranteeing building safety, we need to carry out real-time control measurement to this building vibration frequency.
The monitoring method at present vibrating such low-frequency vibration for high building structure is generally sensor measurement, is divided into relative type motor and absolute type two kinds of metering systems.Relative type motor measurement comprises optical measurement, as interferometer, Optical Doppler vialog, photoelectricity camera work etc., all belongs to relative type motor and measures.Its shortcoming is that relative type motor measurement needs actionless basis, and this is very difficult for vibration survey in engineering; Require stricter environmental baseline, instrument price is also high simultaneously, is not suitable for widely using.Absolute type vibration survey is all based on inertial mass-spring vibration system.According to its measuring principle, be measure the acting force between sensitive-mass block and spring, or the relative motion between inertial mass and housing, be divided into the accelerometer of Low-Pass Filter and the speed pickup of high-pass type.And the method for this mechanical measurement also has its inevitable defect, as sensitivity is not high; Non-contact measurement cannot be carried out; Institute's measured frequency scope has considerable restraint; Plant equipment is easy to wear; And calculation of complex, obviously cause degradation under last degree of accuracy after twice integration.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high building structure vibration frequency measuring device based on radar Doppler and method, utilize continuous wave Doppler radar, measure high building structure vibration frequency real-time and accurately, reach the object of monitoring.
The technical solution realizing the object of the invention is: a kind of high building structure vibration frequency measuring device based on radar Doppler, comprise AC power, coupling mechanism, power amplifier, driving amplifier, emitting antenna, receiving antenna, low noise amplifier and frequency mixer, the output terminal of AC power is by coupling mechanism access power amplifier respectively, driving amplifier, the output terminal access emitting antenna of power amplifier, the output terminal of receiving antenna accesses a port of frequency mixer by low noise amplifier, another port of the output terminal access frequency mixer of driving amplifier,
Described AC power produces radiofrequency signal, two paths of signals is divided into through coupling mechanism, one tunnel radiofrequency signal provides local oscillation signal by driving amplifier input mixer, another road radiofrequency signal is sent into transmission antennas transmit and is gone out formation and transmit after power amplifier amplifies, this transmit to vibration target structures structure after produce reflected signal, after described reflected signal is received by receiving antenna through low noise amplifier amplify after send into frequency mixer; Take off frequency variation signal after two kinds of signal mixing that frequency mixer receives, namely obtain Doppler frequency.
Preferably, described AC power, coupling mechanism, power amplifier and emitting antenna composition transmitting branch, receiving antenna, low noise amplifier and frequency mixer composition receiving branch.
Preferably, the radio frequency signal frequency that described AC power exports is 24.125GHz.
Preferably, described power amplifier, driving amplifier are identical, and model is HMC863LP4E, and gain is 20dB, and insertion loss is 11dB, and return loss is 15dB, P1dB is 24.5dBm.
Preferably, the model of described low noise amplifier is HMC517LC4, and gain is 20dB, and noise figure is 2.6dB, and insertion loss is 15dB, and return loss is 17dB, P1dB is 13dBm.
Preferably, the model of described frequency mixer is HMC292LC3B, and conversion loss is 8dB, 1dB compression point be 13dBm, IIP3 is 18dBm.
Based on a high building structure vibration frequency measuring method for radar Doppler, comprise the following steps:
Step 1, AC power produces radiofrequency signal, be divided into two paths of signals through coupling mechanism, a road radiofrequency signal provides local oscillation signal by driving amplifier input mixer, and another road radiofrequency signal is sent into transmission antennas transmit and gone out formation and transmit after power amplifier amplifies;
Step 2, transmit to vibration target structures structure after produce reflected signal, after described reflected signal is received by receiving antenna through low noise amplifier amplify after send into frequency mixer;
Step 3, frequency mixer takes off frequency variation signal by after the two kinds of signal mixing received in step 1 and step 2, namely obtains Doppler frequency;
Step 4, processes according to Doppler frequency, obtains the vibration frequency of target structures structure.
Further, process according to Doppler frequency described in step 4, obtain the vibration frequency of target structures structure, specific as follows:
Described Doppler frequency f
dthe i.e. difference of reflected signal frequency and emission signal frequency, according to the size of Doppler frequency, by f
d=2V
r/ λ can obtain, the diametrically movement velocity V of target structures structure and radar Doppler
rfor:
V
r＝λf
d/2
In formula, λ is signal wavelength, λ=c/f
0, c is the light velocity, f
0for the centre frequency of radar work, f
dfor Doppler frequency;
The vibration of target structures structure under high wind effect is simple harmonic motion, if the displacement equation of target structures structure is:
In formula, A is amplitude, and ω is vibration frequency,
for initial phase;
The speed v of simple harmonic motion is:
Survey Doppler frequency f
dalso become sinusoidal variations in time, thus obtain the vibration frequency ω of target structures structure.
Compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is in the present invention: (1) measuring accuracy is high: this device signal place radio-frequency range, and up to 24.125GHz, wavelength is short, good directionality, thus has measuring error very little, the advantage that precision is high; (2) non-contact measurement: this device and tested building structure are without the need to directly contacting the vibration information that building structure can be detected, and can realize remote monitoring, easily and effectively, dirigibility is high; (3) interference resistance is strong: not by the impact of various inclement weather (as wind, rain, mist, sandstorm etc.), the soot dust granule that can penetrate well in air and air arrives measured target, also do not disturb by light condition, meet the needs measured under various external condition; (4) spend in real time: this device signal is with light velocity propagation, receive the signal that reflects only need hundreds of thousands/mono-second from transmitting signals to, thus can monitor out building construction vibration frequency any time and transmit out in real time, ensure that the validity and reliability of information.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the illustraton of model of the high building structure vibration frequency measuring device that the present invention is based on radar Doppler.
Fig. 2 is the structural principle block diagram of the high building structure vibration frequency measuring device that the present invention is based on radar Doppler.
Fig. 3 is the high building structure vibration frequency measuring device system emulation figure that the present invention is based on radar Doppler.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Composition graphs 1 ~ 2, the present invention is based on the high building structure (high building of radar Doppler, bridge etc.) structural vibration frequency measuring equipment, comprise AC power, coupling mechanism, power amplifier, driving amplifier, emitting antenna, receiving antenna, low noise amplifier and frequency mixer, the output terminal of AC power is by coupling mechanism access power amplifier respectively, driving amplifier, the output terminal access emitting antenna of power amplifier, the output terminal of receiving antenna accesses a port of frequency mixer by low noise amplifier, another port of the output terminal access frequency mixer of driving amplifier,
Described AC power produces radiofrequency signal, two paths of signals is divided into through coupling mechanism, one tunnel radiofrequency signal provides local oscillation signal by driving amplifier input mixer, another road radiofrequency signal is sent into transmission antennas transmit and is gone out formation and transmit after power amplifier amplifies, this transmit to vibration target structures structure after produce reflected signal, after described reflected signal is received by receiving antenna through low noise amplifier amplify after send into frequency mixer; Take off frequency variation signal after two kinds of signal mixing that frequency mixer receives, namely obtain Doppler frequency.
In above-mentioned Doppler Lidar System the effect of key modules and function as follows:
(1) coupling mechanism mainly solves power distribution problems.In this device, need to provide two paths of signals, a road provides local oscillation signal for frequency mixer, a road after target reflection with local oscillation signal mixing; Just final Doppler frequency can be obtained after two paths of signals acting in conjunction.
(2) power amplifier mainly solves the problem that feeble signal is amplified.Because input signal is small-signal, so must must be amplified in communication process, improve gain, so increase this power amplifier before emitting antenna.
(3) low noise amplifier is mainly and improves output signal-to-noise ratio and expand signal.The amplifier that low noise amplifier and noise figure are very low.General high frequency or the intermediate-frequency preamplifier being used as all kinds of radio receiver, and the amplifying circuit of high sensitivity electron detection equipment.Amplifying the occasion of feeble signal, the noise of amplifier self may be very serious to the interference of signal, therefore wishes to reduce this noise, to improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of output.
(4) frequency mixer is mainly and obtains the Doppler frequency of down-conversion signal namely required for us.Frequency conversion (or mixing), be the process of another value by signal frequency by a magnitude transform, the circuit with this function is called frequency converter or frequency mixer.The signal mixing that the signal that antenna receives and local oscillator produce by frequency mixer, cos α cos β=[cos (alpha+beta)+cos (alpha-beta)]/2, wherein α is signal frequency amount, and β is local frequency amount, produces and difference frequency.Again by High frequency filter, down-conversion signal can be obtained.Non-linear very complicated because diode and transistor have of actual frequency mixer, thus can produce each harmonic component, also by wave filter in the lump filtering.
Preferably, described AC power, coupling mechanism, power amplifier and emitting antenna composition transmitting branch, receiving antenna, low noise amplifier and frequency mixer composition receiving branch.Preferably, the radio frequency signal frequency that described AC power exports is 24.125GHz.Preferably, described power amplifier, driving amplifier are identical, and model is HMC863LP4E, and gain is 20dB, and insertion loss is 11dB, and return loss is 15dB, P1dB is 24.5dBm.Preferably, the model of described low noise amplifier is HMC517LC4, and gain is 20dB, and noise figure is 2.6dB, and insertion loss is 15dB, and return loss is 17dB, P1dB is 13dBm.Preferably, the model of described frequency mixer is HMC292LC3B, and conversion loss is 8dB, 1dB compression point be 13dBm, IIP3 is 18dBm.
The present invention is based on the high building structure vibration frequency measuring method of radar Doppler, comprise the following steps:
Step 1, AC power produces radiofrequency signal, be divided into two paths of signals through coupling mechanism, a road radiofrequency signal provides local oscillation signal by driving amplifier input mixer, and another road radiofrequency signal is sent into transmission antennas transmit and gone out formation and transmit after power amplifier amplifies;
Step 2, transmit to vibration target structures structure after produce reflected signal, after described reflected signal is received by receiving antenna through low noise amplifier amplify after send into frequency mixer;
Step 3, frequency mixer takes off frequency variation signal by after the two kinds of signal mixing received in step 1 and step 2, namely obtains Doppler frequency;
Step 4, processes according to Doppler frequency, obtains the vibration frequency of target structures structure, specific as follows:
Described Doppler frequency f
dthe i.e. difference of reflected signal frequency and emission signal frequency, according to the size of Doppler frequency, by f
d=2V
r/ λ can obtain, the diametrically movement velocity V of target structures structure and radar Doppler
rfor:
V
r＝λf
d/2(1)
In formula, λ is signal wavelength, λ=c/f
0, c is the light velocity, f
0for the centre frequency of radar work, f
dfor Doppler frequency;
The vibration of target structures structure under high wind effect is simple harmonic motion, if the displacement equation of target structures structure is:
In formula, A is amplitude, and ω is vibration frequency,
for initial phase;
The speed v of simple harmonic motion is:
Survey Doppler frequency f
dalso become sinusoidal variations in time, thus obtain the vibration frequency ω of target structures structure.
Embodiment 1
For realizing the technical scheme of foregoing invention content, now set forth in conjunction with software systems analogous diagram.
Composition graphs 3, as shown in the figure, model and the parameter of Primary Component used are as follows in Doppler Lidar System emulation: the radio frequency signal frequency that (1) AC power exports is 24.125GHz.(2) power amplifier, driving amplifier are identical, and model is HMC863LP4E, and gain is 20dB, and insertion loss is 11dB, and return loss is 15dB, P1dB is 24.5dBm.(3) model of low noise amplifier is HMC517LC4, and gain is 20dB, and noise figure is 2.6dB, and insertion loss is 15dB, and return loss is 17dB, P1dB is 13dBm.(4) model of described frequency mixer is HMC292LC3B, and conversion loss is 8dB, 1dB compression point be 13dBm, IIP3 is 18dBm.
Signal source in radar Doppler sends the signal of certain frequency, first through power splitter, signal is divided into two-way, one tunnel directly by after power amplifier to low-converter, another road is sent to target by emitting antenna after power amplifier amplifies, the ripple reflected by target is received by receiving antenna, after low noise amplifier and power amplifier amplify, send into low-converter.The difference frequency signal exported is Doppler frequency.Just the movement velocity of target can be calculated thus, and then the frequency of measuring and calculating vibration.Suppose that the radiofrequency signal that power module sends is after amplifying
wherein A is the amplitude of radiofrequency signal,
for the frequency of radiofrequency signal,
for radiofrequency signal phase place.This radiofrequency signal propagates in target structures structure after antenna transmission can produce reflected signal, receives this reflected signal by receiving antenna, and through a series of amplification, if reflected signal is after amplifying
wherein A
rfor the amplitude of reflected signal after amplifying,
for radiofrequency signal phase place,
for time become phase shift.This two paths of signals to be sent into after frequency mixer after mixing and High frequency filter, obtain difference frequency signal
i.e. required Doppler frequency.It is the signal of frequency with building construction vibration, velocity correlation, needs monitoring and process.
High building structure vibration frequency measuring device based on radar Doppler provided by the invention, only need a Doppler Lidar System, and without the need to contacting tested building structure, easily and effectively, dirigibility is high, can when not disturbing other human social activities in real time, monitor building construction vibration frequency, the safety for the mankind provides a sound assurance.
Claims (8)
1. the high building structure vibration frequency measuring device based on radar Doppler, it is characterized in that, comprise AC power, coupling mechanism, power amplifier, driving amplifier, emitting antenna, receiving antenna, low noise amplifier and frequency mixer, the output terminal of AC power is by coupling mechanism access power amplifier, driving amplifier respectively, the output terminal access emitting antenna of power amplifier, the output terminal of receiving antenna accesses a port of frequency mixer by low noise amplifier, another port of the output terminal access frequency mixer of driving amplifier;
Described AC power produces radiofrequency signal, two paths of signals is divided into through coupling mechanism, one tunnel radiofrequency signal provides local oscillation signal by driving amplifier input mixer, another road radiofrequency signal is sent into transmission antennas transmit and is gone out formation and transmit after power amplifier amplifies, this transmit to vibration target structures structure after produce reflected signal, after described reflected signal is received by receiving antenna through low noise amplifier amplify after send into frequency mixer; Take off frequency variation signal after two kinds of signal mixing that frequency mixer receives, namely obtain Doppler frequency.
2. the high building structure vibration frequency measuring device based on radar Doppler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described AC power, coupling mechanism, power amplifier and emitting antenna composition transmitting branch, receiving antenna, low noise amplifier and frequency mixer composition receiving branch.
3. the high building structure vibration frequency measuring device based on radar Doppler according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the radio frequency signal frequency that described AC power exports is 24.125GHz.
4. the high building structure vibration frequency measuring device based on radar Doppler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described power amplifier, driving amplifier are identical, model is HMC863LP4E, gain is 20dB, insertion loss is 11dB, and return loss is 15dB, P1dB is 24.5dBm.
5. the high building structure vibration frequency measuring device based on radar Doppler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the model of described low noise amplifier is HMC517LC4, gain is 20dB, noise figure is 2.6dB, insertion loss is 15dB, and return loss is 17dB, P1dB is 13dBm.
6. the high building structure vibration frequency measuring device based on radar Doppler according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the model of described frequency mixer is HMC292LC3B, and conversion loss is 8dB, 1dB compression point be 13dBm, IIP3 is 18dBm.
7., based on a high building structure vibration frequency measuring method for radar Doppler, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step 1, AC power produces radiofrequency signal, be divided into two paths of signals through coupling mechanism, a road radiofrequency signal provides local oscillation signal by driving amplifier input mixer, and another road radiofrequency signal is sent into transmission antennas transmit and gone out formation and transmit after power amplifier amplifies;
Step 2, transmit to vibration target structures structure after produce reflected signal, after described reflected signal is received by receiving antenna through low noise amplifier amplify after send into frequency mixer;
Step 3, frequency mixer takes off frequency variation signal by after the two kinds of signal mixing received in step 1 and step 2, namely obtains Doppler frequency;
Step 4, processes according to Doppler frequency, obtains the vibration frequency of target structures structure.
8. the high building structure vibration frequency measuring method based on radar Doppler according to claim 7, is characterized in that, process described in step 4 according to Doppler frequency, obtain the vibration frequency of target structures structure, specific as follows:
Described Doppler frequency f
dthe i.e. difference of reflected signal frequency and emission signal frequency, according to the size of Doppler frequency, by f
d=2V
r/ λ can obtain, the diametrically movement velocity V of target structures structure and radar Doppler
rfor:
V
r＝λf
d/2
In formula, λ is signal wavelength, λ=c/f
0, c is the light velocity, f
0for the centre frequency of radar work, f
dfor Doppler frequency;
The vibration of target structures structure under high wind effect is simple harmonic motion, if the displacement equation of target structures structure is:
In formula, A is amplitude, and ω is vibration frequency,
for initial phase;
The speed v of simple harmonic motion is:
Survey Doppler frequency f
dalso become sinusoidal variations in time, thus obtain the vibration frequency ω of target structures structure.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN106052839A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-26 | 南京理工大学 | Large-scale bridge structure vibration Doppler radar measuring device and method |
| CN106323450A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-11 | 上海交通大学 | Vibration monitoring method of large-scale flexible structure based on Doppler radars |
| CN107422318A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-12-01 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of take sensor and its detection method based on Doppler technology |
| CN107607924A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2018-01-19 | 上海交通大学 | The signal processing method that a kind of fmcw radar static state noise jamming eliminates |
| CN110932743A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2020-03-27 | 天津大学青岛海洋技术研究院 | Vital sign Doppler radar circuit structure with double-frequency isolation effect |
| CN111609920A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-09-01 | 上海交通大学 | Hand-held microwave vibration measuring system |
| EP4083657A1 (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-11-02 | Sick Ag | Fmcw lidar distance measuring device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106052839A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-26 | 南京理工大学 | Large-scale bridge structure vibration Doppler radar measuring device and method |
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| CN110932743A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2020-03-27 | 天津大学青岛海洋技术研究院 | Vital sign Doppler radar circuit structure with double-frequency isolation effect |
| CN111609920A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-09-01 | 上海交通大学 | Hand-held microwave vibration measuring system |
| EP4083657A1 (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-11-02 | Sick Ag | Fmcw lidar distance measuring device |
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Inventor after: Song Siqi Inventor after: Li Zhaolong Inventor after: Wang Nan Inventor before: Wang Nan Inventor before: Li Zhaolong Inventor before: Song Siqi Inventor before: Tong Tong Inventor before: Chen Rushan |
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Application publication date: 20151202 |