Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of 2, the preparation method of 2 '-dihydroxybiphenyl.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of 2, the preparation method of 2 '-dihydroxybiphenyl,
(1) dibenzofuran, potassium hydroxide and the ring compound containing reactive hydrogen are joined in alkali-melting vessel, be first warming up to 80 ~ 130 DEG C, material is all melted, in then 1 ~ 4 hour, be at the uniform velocity warming up to 240 ~ 290 DEG C, reaction 1 ~ 6 hour after heating up;
(2) material that step (1) obtains is cooled to 180 ~ 270 DEG C, under stirring, water is added in alkali-melting vessel, after adding water, make alkali fusion temperature in the kettle maintain 80 ~ 120 DEG C, fully stir and within 1 ~ 4 hour, make material be dispersed in water, after dispersion, be cooled to 10 ~ 50 DEG C again, filter, stand-by;
(3) in filtrate after above-mentioned filtration, add gac and antioxidant, carry out decoking at being warming up to 40 ~ 100 DEG C 1 ~ 5 hour, after decoking, be cooled to 10 ~ 50 DEG C, filter;
(4) filtrate after above-mentioned filtration is warming up to 60 ~ 100 DEG C, regulates filtrate pH value to 2 ~ 5, then stirring makes its sufficient crystallising in 1 ~ 3 hour at 10 ~ 50 DEG C, filter, be washed to neutrality, obtain crude product;
(5) crude product is joined in recrystallization solvent water, stir 1 ~ 4 hour at being warming up to 60 ~ 100 DEG C, be cooled to 10 ~ 50 DEG C, filter, obtain 2,2 '-dihydroxybiphenyl.
Ring compound containing reactive hydrogen in described step (1) is fluorenes, carbazole or indoles; Charging capacity containing the ring compound of reactive hydrogen is dibenzofuran weight charging capacity 0 ~ 100%; The purity of dibenzofuran is 80 ~ 100%; Dibenzofuran and potassium hydroxide mol ratio=0.32 ~ 2:1, potassium hydroxide purity is 80 ~ 100%; Temperature of reaction is 240 ~ 290 DEG C.
Ring compound containing reactive hydrogen in described step (1) is fluorenes; Charging capacity containing the ring compound of reactive hydrogen is dibenzofuran weight charging capacity 0 ~ 40%; The purity of dibenzofuran is 89 ~ 99%; Dibenzofuran and potassium hydroxide mol ratio=0.32 ~ 0.98:1, potassium hydroxide purity is 90 ~ 95%; Temperature of reaction is 260 ~ 280 DEG C.
Wherein, the purity of dibenzofuran low containing active hydrogen compounds time, when feeding intake, can not active hydrogen compounds be added, but preferably add active hydrogen compounds again, because active hydrogen compounds not only can promote to react, the coking speed of raw material dibenzofuran can also be slowed down.
Described step (2) is that the material that step (1) obtains is cooled to 180 ~ 270 DEG C; The add-on of water is 1 ~ 20 times of dibenzofuran weight.
Described step (2) is that the material that step (1) obtains is cooled to 200 ~ 240 DEG C; The add-on of water is 2-5 times of dibenzofuran weight.
Described step (3) antioxidant comprises S-WAT, sodium bisulfite, tin protochloride or vat powder; Antioxidant usage quantity is 0.5 ~ 30% of dibenzofuran weight; Decoking temperature in described step (3) is 40 ~ 100 DEG C; The usage quantity of described gac is 0.5 ~ 30% of dibenzofuran weight.
Described step (3) antioxidant is S-WAT or sodium bisulfite; Antioxidant usage quantity is 1 ~ 3% of dibenzofuran weight; Decoking temperature in described step (3) is 75 ~ 95 DEG C; The usage quantity of described gac is 10 ~ 20% of dibenzofuran weight.
Acid is adopted to regulate filtrate in described step (4); Wherein, acid is hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or nitric acid.Preferred hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid.
In described step (5), the usage quantity of water is crude product weight 5 ~ 30 times, preferably 10 ~ 15 times; Described recrystallization temperature is 60 ~ 100 DEG C, preferably 85 ~ 95 DEG C.
The middle filtration of described step (5) obtains phenolic wastewater and can apply mechanically after solvent extraction, described extraction solvent is toluene, o-Xylol, p-Xylol, m-xylene, xylol, chlorobenzene or mixed dichlorobenzene, preferred toluene or xylol.The consumption of extraction solvent is 10 ~ 100% of wastewater flow rate volume, preferably 20 ~ 40%.
The advantage that the present invention has:
The raw material dibenzofuran Domestic Resources that the inventive method uses enriches, and the purity of the dibenzofuran used in technique only needs to be greater than 80% and just can use, and greatly reduces the cost of raw material dibenzofuran.The invention solves reaction mass discharge method, make technique meet the requirement of suitability for industrialized production, avoid occurring pulverizing material discharge method.For the carbonizing matter produced in high-temperature reaction process, the present invention finds decoking scheme.For acquisition crude product, the present invention finds the economic process for purification be applicable to, and the refining phenolic wastewater produced can directly be applied mechanically after solvent extraction, greatly reduces environmental protection pressure.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
In alkali-melting vessel (material is stainless steel), adding the dibenzofuran of 10kg, (purity is 89.5%, containing the fluorenes of 3.5% in dibenzofuran), 2kg fluorenes (purity is 93.5%) and 5kg potassium hydroxide (purity is 90%), be heated to 118 ~ 120 DEG C, after material all melts, at the uniform velocity be warming up to 275 ~ 277 DEG C (controlling the heating-up time is 1.5 hours), at this temperature, be incubated 3 hours.
After insulation reaction terminates, cooling, when reaction mass is cooled to 240 DEG C, in alkali-melting vessel, slowly add the water of 20kg, along with adding of water, material is water-soluble, and temperature is also down to 80 DEG C by 240 DEG C, stirs normal operation.Stir 2 hours at material being warming up to 90 ~ 92 DEG C, stir 1 hour at being cooled to 30 DEG C, filter, and with 10kg water washing filter cake, filter cake is dark yellow.
In filtrate, add 1.2kg gac and 0.3kg S-WAT, be warming up to 78 ~ 80 DEG C of decokings 1 hour, be cooled to 40 DEG C, cross and filter gac.
At 70 DEG C, in filtrate, adding 30% dilute sulphuric acid neutralization filtrate to PH is 3 ~ 4, and required sulfuric acid amount is about about 13kg.Stir at 30 ~ 32 DEG C and make its sufficient crystallising in 1 hour.Filter and be washed to neutrality and obtain 2,2 '-dihydroxybiphenyl crude product, dry weight is 6.1kg, and crude product weight yield is 81.7%.
6.1kg crude product is joined in refining kettle, and 60kg water is added in still, stir 1 hour at being warming up to 90 ~ 92 DEG C, at being down to 30 ~ 32 DEG C, filtration obtains product, and be heavily 5.2kg after drying at 80 DEG C, outward appearance is white powder, content is 99.3% (GC normalizing content), and refining yield is 85.2%.
Join in extraction kettle by the toluene of the phenolic wastewater obtained after refining and 12kg, stirred at ambient temperature is after 3 hours, and stop stirring, leave standstill 30 minutes, point sub-cloud water layer, it is refining that the water obtained can directly apply to next time.
Embodiment 2
In alkali-melting vessel, adding the dibenzofuran of 10kg, (purity is 89.5%, containing the fluorenes of 3.5% in dibenzofuran) and 5kg potassium hydroxide (purity is 90%), be heated to 108 ~ 110 DEG C, after material all melts, at the uniform velocity be warming up to 268 ~ 270 DEG C (controlling the heating-up time is 2 hours), at this temperature, be incubated 5 hours.
After insulation reaction terminates, cooling, when reaction mass is cooled to 220 DEG C, in alkali-melting vessel, slowly add the water of 15kg, along with adding of water, material is water-soluble, and temperature is also down to 100 DEG C by 220 DEG C, stirs normal operation.Stir 2 hours at material being maintained 86 ~ 88 DEG C, stir 1 hour at being cooled to 30 DEG C, filter, and with 10kg water washing filter cake, filter cake is black, and coking is serious.
In filtrate, add 2kg gac and 0.5kg S-WAT, be warming up to 84 ~ 86 DEG C of decokings 1 hour, be cooled to 40 DEG C, cross and filter gac.
80 DEG C, lower in filtrate, to add 33% hydrochloric acid neutralization filtrate to PH be 3 ~ 4, and required hydrochloric acid content is about about 9.8kg.Stir at 38 ~ 40 DEG C and make its sufficient crystallising in 1 hour.Filter and be washed to neutrality and obtain 2,2 '-dihydroxybiphenyl crude product, dry weight is 5.6kg, and crude product weight yield is 75.0%.
5.6kg crude product is joined in refining kettle, and 50kg water is added in still, stir 1 hour at being warming up to 95 ~ 97 DEG C, at being down to 30 ~ 40 DEG C, filtration obtains product, and be heavily 4.9kg after drying at 80 DEG C, outward appearance is white powder, content is 99.1% (GC normalizing content), and refining yield is 87.7%.
Join in extraction kettle by the toluene of the phenolic wastewater obtained after refining and 15kg, stirred at ambient temperature is after 2 hours, and stop stirring, leave standstill 30 minutes, point sub-cloud water layer, it is refining that the water obtained can directly apply to next time.
Embodiment 3
In alkali-melting vessel, adding the dibenzofuran of 10kg, (purity is 89.5%, containing the fluorenes of 3.5% in dibenzofuran), 2kg carbazole (purity is 95.4%) and 5kg potassium hydroxide (purity is 95%), be heated to 120 ~ 122 DEG C, after normal operation to be mixed, at the uniform velocity be warming up to 280 ~ 282 DEG C (controlling the heating-up time is 2 hours), at this temperature, be incubated 2 hours.
After insulation reaction terminates, cooling, when reaction mass is cooled to 200 DEG C, in alkali-melting vessel, slowly add the water of 30kg, along with adding of water, material is water-soluble, and temperature is also down to 20 DEG C by 190 DEG C, stirs normal operation.Stir 2 hours at material being maintained 88 ~ 90 DEG C, stir 1 hour at being cooled to 30 DEG C, filter, and with 10kg water washing filter cake, filter cake is dark yellow.
In filtrate, add 3kg gac and 1kg S-WAT, be warming up to 88 ~ 90 DEG C of decokings 1 hour, be cooled to 40 DEG C, cross and filter gac.
At 70 DEG C, in filtrate, adding 30% nitric acid neutralization filtrate to PH is 3 ~ 4, and required nitric acid amount is about about 19.5kg.Stir at 28 ~ 30 DEG C and make its sufficient crystallising in 1 hour.Filter and be washed to neutrality and obtain 2,2 '-dihydroxybiphenyl crude product, dry weight is 6.3kg, and crude product weight yield is 79.9%.
6.3kg crude product is joined in refining kettle, and 120kg water is added in still, stir 1 hour at being warming up to 94 ~ 96 DEG C, at being down to 25 ~ 27 DEG C, filtration obtains product, and be heavily 4.8kg after drying at 80 DEG C, outward appearance is white powder, content is 99.5% (GC normalizing content), and refining yield is 76.2%.Phenolic wastewater is reusable after 30kg xylene extraction.
Join in extraction kettle by the dimethylbenzene of the phenolic wastewater obtained after refining and 30kg, stirred at ambient temperature is after 4 hours, and stop stirring, leave standstill 1 hour, point sub-cloud water layer, it is refining that the water obtained can directly apply to next time.
Embodiment 4
In alkali-melting vessel, adding the dibenzofuran of 15kg, (purity is 98%, containing the ripple hydrogen compound of living), 2kg indoles (purity is 96.8%) and 5kg potassium hydroxide (purity is 90%), be heated to 98 ~ 100 DEG C, after material all melts, at the uniform velocity be warming up to 273 ~ 275 DEG C (controlling the heating-up time is 1 hour), at this temperature, be incubated 4 hours.
After insulation reaction terminates, cooling, when reaction mass is cooled to 190 DEG C, in alkali-melting vessel, slowly add the water of 20kg, along with adding of water, material is water-soluble, and temperature is also down to 70 DEG C by 190 DEG C, stirs normal operation.Stir 2 hours at material being maintained 98 ~ 100 DEG C, stir 1 hour at being cooled to 30 DEG C, filter, and with 10kg water washing filter cake, filter cake is dark yellow.
In filtrate, add 1kg gac and 0.2kg sodium bisulfite, be warming up to 80 ~ 82 DEG C of decokings 2 hours, be cooled to 30 DEG C, cross and filter gac.
At 85 DEG C, in filtrate, adding 33% hydrochloric acid neutralization filtrate to PH is 3 ~ 4, and required hydrochloric acid content is about about 9.8kg.Stir at 20 ~ 22 DEG C and make its sufficient crystallising in 1 hour.Filter and be washed to neutrality and obtain 2,2 '-dihydroxybiphenyl crude product, dry weight is 6.0kg, and crude product weight yield is 80.5%.
6.0kg crude product is joined in refining kettle, and in still, add 50kg water (water obtained after toluene extraction in embodiment 2), stir 2 hours at being warming up to 98 ~ 100 DEG C, at being down to 28 ~ 30 DEG C, filtration obtains product, and be heavily 5.1kg after drying at 80 DEG C, outward appearance is white powder, content is 99.3% (GC normalizing content), and refining yield is 85%.Phenolic wastewater can be applied mechanically after the extraction of 20kg toluene.
Join in extraction kettle by the toluene of the phenolic wastewater obtained after refining and 20kg, stirred at ambient temperature is after 3 hours, and stop stirring, leave standstill 30 minutes, point sub-cloud water layer, it is refining that the water obtained can directly apply to next time.