CN105105210A

CN105105210A - Skin-evaporated fresh fish, and production apparatus thereof

Info

Publication number: CN105105210A
Application number: CN201410731346.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 坂本义信; 川端康之亮; 泽田亮; 三浦贺一; 横山浩隆
Original assignee: Miura Sensor Laboratory inc; Kyokuyo Co Ltd
Current assignee: Miura Sensor Laboratory inc; Kyokuyo Co Ltd
Priority date: 2013-12-05
Filing date: 2014-12-05
Publication date: 2015-12-02
Anticipated expiration: 2034-12-05
Also published as: CN105105210B

Abstract

The invention provides skin-evaporated fresh fishes that are produced from fresh fish raw materials or frozen fish raw materials, maintain freshness, original appearance and taste, and are superior in taste and texture, and to provide a production apparatus thereof that enables hygienic production with high yield without using human hands. Skin-evaporated fresh fishes are produced in such a way that a selected wavelength laser light which is well absorbed by water is controlled to be sequentially irradiated on the skin entire surfaces of fresh fish raw materials. In the skin-evaporated fresh fish, a dermis beneath the skin is not damaged and only the skin evaporates, the appearance, freshness and taste of the original fresh fish raw material are maintained, thereby the taste and texture are superior, and the skin-evaporated fresh fish can be eaten fresh.

Description

Epidermis steaming removes fresh fish or possesses the fresh fish of edible epidermis, its manufacture method and manufacturing installation thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to epidermis steaming to remove fresh fish (freshfishablatedouterskin) or possess the fresh fish of edible epidermis, its manufacture method and manufacturing installation thereof, more specifically, the corium (innerskin) relating to the bottom of epidermis is not impaired, only aforementioned epidermis has carried out through heat treatment steaming except or changing edible epidermis into, the original outward appearance of fresh fish raw material, freshness, taste are maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, and under raw state, also edible epidermis steaming removes fresh fish or possesses the fresh fish of edible epidermis, its manufacture method and manufacturing installation thereof.

Background technology

Figure 35 is the cross section key diagram of fresh fish raw material (having carried out the cube meat hacking processing and/or bone processing) or freezing fresh fish raw material (following, to be sometimes referred to as fresh fish raw material).If fresh fish raw material 1 is roughly distinguished, be made up of epidermis 2, corium 3, fat deposit 4 and muscle layer 5.

When eating something rare fish (such as, raw fish, salt marsh, marinate etc.), owing to its epidermis cannot be bitten broken, thus mostly need peeling.But the impaired situation of the outward appearance (apperance of fish) due to peeling with corium is many, the problem that yield rate also reduces.Such as, found that mackerel is very difficult to carry out peeling under the state maintaining outward appearance.

Therefore, when needing removing epidermis 2 always, carrying out: as shown in figure 36, kitchen knife 6 cut between the epidermis 2 of fresh fish raw material 1 and corium 3 and in the mode not destroying health, epidermis 2 peeled off; Or as shown in figure 37, the edible medicine 8(chemical treatment fresh fish raw material 1 being dipped in the liquid be contained in container 7 is used), then artificially epidermis 2 is peeled off; Or as shown in figure 38, thermal source such as infrared heater 9 grade is heated towards epidermis 2 placements, burn epidermis 2 and artificially by skin removing etc.

On the other hand, it is also proposed and utilize laser beam, ultrasonic wave, blast, hydraulic pressure etc. give the scheme (with reference to patent document 1) of cut to food etc. or propose the fish body treating apparatus (with reference to patent document 2) possessing the location light irradiating device irradiating light on the transport path of flesh of fish block.

Prior art document

Patent document

Patent document 1: International Publication publication WO2013/062093

Patent document 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2005-229913 publication.

Summary of the invention

The problem that invention will solve

But the method for operating in the past shown in Figure 36 is undertaken by the hand of people, thus not only need the technology of height, and the problem that there is unhygienic, to be easy to occur fish body damage and yield rate is reduced; Chemically treated method of operating in the past shown in Figure 37 be by fresh fish raw material 1 mass-impregnation in the edible medicine 8 of liquid, thus there is the problem that freshness and original taste taste are lost; The method of operating of the heating of infrared heater 9 that utilizes shown in Figure 38 is difficult to the increase and decrease of adjustment heat, namely enable epidermis 2 to be removed, also there is product owing to radiating heat arrival muscle layer 5 and there is no fresh sense, dry and residual burning, the problem etc. of mouthfeel also poor grade, arbitrary method of operating in the past has time-consuming problem of taking a lot of work all further in addition.

1st object of the present invention uses fresh fish raw material or freezing fresh fish raw material, in the situation of fresh fish raw material then using it directly as raw material, in the situation of freezing fresh fish raw material then using the fresh fish of thawing of thawing as raw material, wholesomely provide: the corium of the bottom of epidermis is not impaired, only epidermis has carried out through heat treatment steaming except or changing edible epidermis into, the outward appearance that fresh fish raw material is original, freshness, taste is maintained, taste, mouthfeel is excellent, under raw state, also edible epidermis steams except fresh fish or the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis.

2nd object of the present invention is to provide and wholesomely can easily manufactures with high finished product rate the manufacture method that epidermis steams the fresh fish removing fresh fish or possess edible epidermis.

3rd object of the present invention is to provide and wholesomely can easily manufactures with high finished product rate the manufacturing installation that epidermis steams the fresh fish removing fresh fish or possess edible epidermis.

For the method for dealing with problems

That epidermis steams except fresh fish or possesses the fresh fish of edible epidermis for solving the invention of the present invention according to claim 1 of above-mentioned problem, it is characterized in that, its whole of epidermis laser beam of the selection wavelength preset or hot blast being controlled in fresh fish raw material also supplies equably successively and obtains, the corium of the bottom of aforementioned epidermis is not impaired, only aforementioned epidermis has carried out through heat treatment steaming except or changing edible epidermis into, the outward appearance that fresh fish raw material is original, freshness, taste is maintained, taste, mouthfeel is excellent, even if also edible under raw state.

Invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is that epidermis according to claim 1 steams except fresh fish or the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis,

It is characterized in that, aforementioned fresh fish raw material is the fresh fish raw material obtained that thawed by freezing fresh fish raw material.

Invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is the manufacture method that epidermis steams the fresh fish removing fresh fish or possess edible epidermis, the corium of the bottom of the epidermis of described fresh fish is not impaired, only aforementioned epidermis has carried out through heat treatment steaming except or changing edible epidermis into, the original outward appearance of fresh fish raw material, freshness, taste are maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, even if also edible under raw state, the feature of described manufacture method is, at least comprise the steps (1) ~ (2), and comprise the steps (3) ~ (4) as required:

(1) fresh fish raw material or freezing fresh fish raw material is used, in the situation of fresh fish raw material then using it directly as raw material, in the situation of freezing fresh fish raw material then using the fresh fish of thawing of thawing as raw material, these fresh fish raw materials are carried out as required hack processing and/or the processing and prepare the step of processed goods of boning;

(2) raw material prepared in step (1) is placed in raw material mobile device, for the aforementioned base materials of the speed movement controlled as regulation, on the direction crossing with moving direction, the laser beam of the in check selection wavelength preset supplied by laser beam generating means or hot air generator or hot blast are controlled in whole of its epidermis and continuous place is irradiated or blows in the mode of warm air curtain, by this whole face of its epidermis is supplied successively equably to the thermal energy of ormal weight, when not damaging the corium of bottom of aforementioned epidermis, only aforementioned epidermis heat-treated and make it to steam the step removing or change into edible epidermis,

(3) step that the product product withdrawing device making it to steam except or change into edible epidermis by only heat-treating aforementioned epidermis in step (2) takes out;

(4) product of taking-up is carried out vacuum packaging and freezing step as required.

Invention according to claim 4 of the present invention is manufacture method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, use aforementioned laser light generating device, the laser beam of the selection wavelength preset occurred by aforementioned laser light generating device is delivered to scanner unit, while the enterprising line scanning in the direction crossing with moving direction, be controlled in whole of its epidermis with the speed of the scanner preset and continuous for laser beam place is irradiated, by this whole face of epidermis is supplied successively equably to the thermal energy of regulation, when not damaging the corium of bottom of aforementioned epidermis, only steam except aforementioned epidermis, when carrying out this heat treatment, the thermal energy supplying the irreducible minimum that the mouthfeel of aforementioned epidermis is disappeared processes, or the thermal energy that supply is about to the maximum limit before burning processes, or supply exceed the thermal energy of aforementioned irreducible minimum and the thermal energy being less than the scope of the thermal energy of aforementioned maximum limit to implement abovementioned steps (2).

Invention according to claim 5 of the present invention is manufacture method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, in abovementioned steps (2), supply energy density is 0.036 ~ 0.109(W/mm ²) the thermal energy of scope, when not damaging the corium of bottom of aforementioned epidermis, only aforementioned epidermis being steamed and removing.

Invention according to claim 6 of the present invention is the manufacture method described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that, the laser beam of aforementioned selection wavelength is the laser beam of wavelength 3 ~ 15 μm.

Invention according to claim 7 of the present invention is manufacture method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, use aforementioned hot wind generation apparatus, on the direction crossing with moving direction, be that the temperature of regulation and the warm air curtain of air quantity are controlled in whole of its epidermis and blow continuously by the control that the nozzle by aforementioned hot wind generation apparatus sprays, by this whole face of epidermis is supplied successively equably to the thermal energy of regulation, when not damaging the corium of bottom of aforementioned epidermis, only aforementioned epidermis heat-treated and make it to become edible epidermis, now, change the translational speed of aforementioned base materials in advance, the temperature of hot blast and the air quantity of hot blast, obtain display only aforementioned epidermis to be heat-treated and change the curve 1 of the boundary of edible epidermis into and display can when not damaging corium only to the curve 2 of the boundary that aforementioned epidermis is heat-treated, and use the translational speed in the scope that surrounded by curve obtained 1 and curve 2, the temperature of hot blast and the air quantity of hot blast implement abovementioned steps (2).

Invention according to claim 8 of the present invention is the manufacturing installation that the epidermis described in claim 1 or 2 steams except fresh fish, it is characterized in that,

At least possess: load fresh fish raw material and make it the raw material mobile device of movement; Detect the raw material checkout equipment that the fresh fish raw material being placed in aforementioned base materials mobile device and movement has arrived assigned position; Laser beam generating means; The laser beam occurred by aforementioned laser light generating device is controlled in while the enterprising line scanning in the direction crossing with moving direction whole of the epidermis of fresh fish raw material and the continuous place scanner unit of irradiating; Control device; And product withdrawing device as required and vacuum packaging equipment;

Foregoing control device carries out comprising following control: receive from aforementioned base materials checkout equipment the signal that fresh fish raw material has arrived assigned position, aforementioned laser light generating device is sent to the signal of the laser beam of the selection wavelength preset, and to aforementioned scanners unit send with the speed of the scanner preset the laser beam carried by laser beam generating means is controlled in while the enterprising line scanning in the direction crossing with moving direction fresh fish raw material whole of epidermis and continuously place irradiate thus supply the signal of the thermal energy of regulation successively equably, carry out the laser scanner operation of the time preset, only aforementioned epidermis is steamed when not damaging the corium of bottom of aforementioned epidermis and remove.

Invention according to claim 9 of the present invention is the manufacturing installation that the epidermis described in claim 1 or 2 steams except fresh fish, it is characterized in that,

At least possess: load fresh fish raw material and make it the raw material mobile device of movement; Detect the raw material checkout equipment that the raw material being placed in aforementioned base materials mobile device and movement has arrived assigned position; The hot blast temperature controlled as specifying and air quantity occurred is from nozzle ejection and with the hot air generator that the form control of warm air curtain blows continuously in whole of the epidermis of aforementioned base materials on the direction crossing with moving direction; Control device; And product withdrawing device as required and vacuum packaging equipment;

Foregoing control device carries out comprising following control: send signal to raw material mobile device and carry with the translational speed preset to make aforementioned base materials, receive from aforementioned base materials checkout equipment the signal that aforementioned base materials has arrived assigned position simultaneously, the signal of the hot blast of temperature and the air quantity preset is sent to aforementioned hot air generator, on the direction crossing with moving direction by control for the temperature of regulation and the warm air curtain of air quantity be controlled in aforementioned base materials whole of epidermis and from the nozzle of aforementioned hot air generator blow continuously to, by this whole face of epidermis is supplied successively equably to the thermal energy of regulation, when not damaging the corium of bottom of aforementioned epidermis, only aforementioned epidermis heat-treated and make it to change edible epidermis into.

Invention effect

Invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is that epidermis steams except fresh fish or the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis, it is characterized in that, whole of the epidermis that the laser beam of the selection wavelength that its control presets or hot blast are also supplied to fresh fish raw material successively equably obtains, the corium of the bottom of aforementioned epidermis is not impaired, only aforementioned epidermis has carried out through heat treatment steaming except or changing edible epidermis into, the original outward appearance of fresh fish raw material, freshness, taste are maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, though under raw state also edible;

Use fresh fish raw material or freezing fresh fish raw material, in the situation of fresh fish raw material then using it directly as raw material, in the situation of freezing fresh fish raw material then using the fresh fish of thawing of thawing as raw material, thus wholesomely realizing following remarkable result: the corium of the bottom of epidermis is not impaired, only aforementioned epidermis has carried out through heat treatment steaming except or changing edible epidermis into, the original outward appearance of fresh fish raw material, freshness, original taste are maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, though under raw state also edible.

The epidermis of fresh fish raw material contains a large amount of collagen with triple helices stereochemical structure, if but in check laser beam or hot blast are controlled and evenly also blows whole of the epidermis to fresh fish raw material successively continuously, supply the thermal energy of regulation by this, then its result is, become only aforementioned epidermis to decompose through heat treatment and steam and remove, or a part of breaking of covalent bonds, triple helices stereochemical structure is broken and gelatinization occurs, or a part is dissolved in the medium state of the moisture of remainder, namely, think and only change epidermis into edible epidermis by heat-treating.

Certainly, only epidermis steams through heat treatment except or the mechanism that changes edible epidermis into is not limited to aforementioned mechanism.

Invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is that epidermis according to claim 1 steams except fresh fish or the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis, and it is characterized in that, aforementioned fresh fish raw material is the fresh fish raw material obtained that thawed by freezing fresh fish raw material;

Use freezing fresh fish raw material, thus realize following further remarkable result: only superficial cortical layers steams through heat treatment except or changes edible epidermis into, even if also edible under raw state, freshness, original taste are maintained, and taste, mouthfeel are excellent.

Invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is the manufacture method that epidermis steams the fresh fish removing fresh fish or possess edible epidermis, the corium of the bottom of the epidermis of described fresh fish is not impaired, only aforementioned epidermis has carried out through heat treatment steaming except or changing edible epidermis into, the original outward appearance of fresh fish raw material, freshness, taste are maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, even if also edible under raw state, the feature of described manufacture method is, at least comprise abovementioned steps (1) ~ (2), and comprise abovementioned steps (3) ~ (4) as required

Achieve following remarkable result: fresh fish raw material or freezing fresh fish raw material can be used, the corium wholesomely easily manufacturing the bottom of epidermis with high finished product rate is not impaired, only epidermis has carried out through heat treatment steaming except or changing edible epidermis into by aforementioned epidermis, the original outward appearance of fresh fish raw material, freshness, original taste are maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, though under raw state also edible epidermis steam except fresh fish or the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis.

Invention according to claim 4 of the present invention is manufacture method according to claim 3,

It is characterized in that, use aforementioned laser light generating device, the laser beam of the selection wavelength preset occurred by aforementioned laser light generating device is delivered to scanner unit, while the enterprising line scanning in the direction crossing with moving direction, be controlled in whole of its epidermis with the speed of the scanner preset and continuous for laser beam place is irradiated, by this whole face of epidermis is supplied successively equably to the thermal energy of regulation, when not damaging the corium of bottom of aforementioned epidermis, only steam except aforementioned epidermis, when carrying out this heat treatment, the thermal energy supplying the irreducible minimum that the mouthfeel of aforementioned epidermis is disappeared processes, or the thermal energy that supply is about to the maximum limit before burning processes, or supply exceed the thermal energy of aforementioned irreducible minimum and the thermal energy being less than the scope of the thermal energy of aforementioned maximum limit to implement abovementioned steps (2),

Achieve following remarkable result: even if differences such as the kind of fish, size or the places of production, also easily the suitableeest condition can be found, fresh fish raw material or frozen fish raw material can be used, the corium wholesomely easily manufacturing the bottom of epidermis with high finished product rate is not impaired, really only aforementioned epidermis has carried out steaming removing, the original outward appearance of fresh fish raw material, freshness, original taste are maintained, and taste, mouthfeel are excellent, though under raw state also edible epidermis steam except fresh fish.

Invention according to claim 5 of the present invention is the manufacture method that epidermis according to claim 4 steams except fresh fish,

It is characterized in that, in abovementioned steps (2), supply energy density is 0.036 ~ 0.109(W/mm ²) the thermal energy of scope, when not damaging the corium of bottom of aforementioned epidermis, only aforementioned epidermis being steamed and removing;

Comprise the mackerel that salts down, salt marsh mackerel, mackerel raw fish, the saury that salts down, salt marsh saury, saury raw fish, the scad that salts down, salt marsh scad, scad raw fish etc. fish kind situation in, in preceding energy density range, more positively realize following further remarkable result: wholesomely easily can manufacture the original outward appearance of fresh fish raw material with high finished product rate, freshness, original taste maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, though under raw state also edible epidermis steam except fresh fish.

Invention according to claim 6 of the present invention is the manufacture method that the epidermis described in claim 4 or 5 steams except fresh fish, and it is characterized in that, the laser beam of aforementioned selection wavelength is the laser beam of wavelength 3 ~ 15 μm;

The laser beam that wavelength is 3 ~ 15 μm is the representative laser beam of water absorption excellence, thus the also easily economy ground acquisition such as this laser beam generating means, use the laser beam in aforementioned wave-length coverage, thus more positively realize following further remarkable result: can wholesomely with high finished product rate easily and economy manufacture the original outward appearance of fresh fish raw material, freshness, original taste maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, though under raw state also edible epidermis steam except fresh fish.

Invention according to claim 7 of the present invention is manufacture method according to claim 3,

It is characterized in that, use aforementioned hot wind generation apparatus, the control that nozzle by aforementioned hot wind generation apparatus sprays is by the direction crossing with moving direction the temperature of regulation and the warm air curtain of air quantity are controlled in whole of its epidermis and blow continuously, by this whole face of epidermis is supplied successively equably to the thermal energy of regulation, when not damaging the corium of bottom of aforementioned epidermis, only aforementioned epidermis heat-treated and make it to become edible epidermis, now, change the translational speed of aforementioned base materials in advance, the temperature of hot blast and the air quantity of hot blast, obtain display only aforementioned epidermis to be heat-treated and change the curve 1 of the boundary of edible epidermis into and display can when not damaging corium only to the curve 2 of the boundary that aforementioned epidermis is heat-treated, and use the translational speed in the scope that surrounded by curve obtained 1 and curve 2, the temperature of hot blast and the air quantity of hot blast implement abovementioned steps (2).

Curve 1 and curve 2 is obtained owing to carrying out in advance testing, translational speed, the temperature of hot blast and the air quantity of hot blast in the scope that use is surrounded by two curves are to implement abovementioned steps (2), thus following further remarkable result is realized: even if the difference such as the kind of fish, size, the place of production, also easily can find the suitableeest condition, more positively wholesomely can easily manufacture the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis with high finished product rate.

At least possess: load fresh fish raw material and make it the raw material mobile device of movement; Detect the raw material checkout equipment that the fresh fish raw material being placed in aforementioned base materials mobile device and movement has arrived assigned position; Laser beam generating means; Whole of the epidermis of fresh fish raw material and the continuous place scanner unit of irradiating is controlled in while being scanned on the direction crossing with moving direction by the laser beam occurred by aforementioned laser light generating device; Control device; And product withdrawing device as required and vacuum packaging equipment;

Foregoing control device carries out comprising following control: receive from aforementioned base materials checkout equipment the signal that fresh fish raw material has arrived assigned position, aforementioned laser light generating device is sent to the signal of the laser beam of the selection wavelength preset, and to aforementioned scanners unit send with the speed of the scanner preset the laser beam carried by laser beam generating means is controlled in while the enterprising line scanning in the direction crossing with moving direction fresh fish raw material whole of epidermis and continuously place irradiate thus supply the signal of the thermal energy of regulation successively equably, carry out the laser scanner operation of the time preset, only aforementioned epidermis is steamed when not damaging the corium of bottom of aforementioned epidermis and remove,

Thus realize following remarkable result: the hand of people can not relied on and wholesomely easily manufacture epidermis of the present invention steaming except fresh fish with high finished product rate.

Foregoing control device carries out comprising following control: send signal to raw material mobile device and carry with the translational speed preset to make aforementioned base materials, receive from aforementioned base materials checkout equipment the signal that aforementioned base materials has arrived assigned position simultaneously, the signal of the hot blast of temperature and the air quantity preset is sent to aforementioned hot air generator, the direction crossing with moving direction will control as the temperature of regulation and the warm air curtain of air quantity are controlled in whole of the epidermis of aforementioned base materials and blow continuously from the nozzle of aforementioned hot air generator, by this whole face of epidermis is supplied successively equably to the thermal energy of regulation, when not damaging the corium of bottom of aforementioned epidermis, only aforementioned epidermis heat-treated and make it to change into edible epidermis,

Thus realize following remarkable result: the hand of people can not relied on and wholesomely easily manufacture the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis of the present invention with high finished product rate.

Accompanying drawing explanation

[Fig. 1] Fig. 1 illustrates that epidermis of the present invention steams the key diagram of an example of the manufacturing installation except fresh fish.

[Fig. 2] Fig. 2 illustrates cross section key diagram laser beam point being irradiated the example when epidermis.

[Fig. 3] Fig. 3 (a) ~ (c) be pattern cross section key diagram laser beam point being irradiated the effect brought by its thermal energy when epidermis is described.

[Fig. 4] Fig. 4 is the key diagram from top view, the laser beam of the selection wavelength of water absorption excellence being controlled in by the fresh fish raw material of movement while the enterprising line scanning in the direction crossing with moving direction to whole of the epidermis of fresh fish raw material and the situation of place irradiation continuously.

[Fig. 5] Fig. 5 is the cross section key diagram that the epidermis manufactured in the present invention steams except fresh fish.

[Fig. 6] Fig. 6 (a) and (b) are the key diagrams of the method that immersion distance (mm) using loading measuring machine mensuration fracture loading (g) that ruptures, plunger is described.

[Fig. 7] Fig. 7 illustrates to use freezing mackerel to manufacture the key diagram that epidermis of the present invention steams 1 example (embodiment 1) of the step except fresh fish (salt down mackerel).

[Fig. 8] Fig. 8 illustrates to use freezing mackerel to manufacture the key diagram that epidermis of the present invention steams 1 example (embodiment 2) of the step except fresh fish (salt marsh mackerel).

[Fig. 9] Fig. 9 illustrates to use freezing mackerel to manufacture the key diagram that epidermis of the present invention steams 1 example (embodiment 3) of the step except fresh fish (mackerel raw fish).

[Figure 10] Figure 10 illustrates to use Japan to produce freezing saury to manufacture the key diagram that epidermis of the present invention steams 1 example (embodiment 4) of the step except fresh fish (salt down saury).

[Figure 11] Figure 11 illustrates to use Japan to produce freezing saury to manufacture the key diagram that epidermis of the present invention steams 1 example (embodiment 5) of the step except fresh fish (salt marsh saury).

[Figure 12] Figure 12 illustrates to use Japan to produce freezing saury to manufacture the key diagram that epidermis of the present invention steams 1 example (embodiment 6) of the step except fresh fish (saury raw fish).

[Figure 13] Figure 13 illustrates to use Japan to produce fresh scad to manufacture the key diagram that epidermis of the present invention steams 1 example (embodiment 7) of the step except fresh fish (salt down scad).

[Figure 14] Figure 14 illustrates to use Japan to produce fresh scad to manufacture the key diagram that epidermis of the present invention steams 1 example (embodiment 8) of the step except fresh fish (salt marsh scad).

[Figure 15] Figure 15 illustrates to use Japan to produce fresh scad to manufacture the key diagram that epidermis of the present invention steams 1 example (embodiment 9) of the step except fresh fish (scad raw fish).

[Figure 16] Figure 16 illustrates the key diagram possessing an example of the manufacturing installation of the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention.

[Figure 17] Figure 17 is the key diagram that the example blowing the state of the epidermis in fresh fish raw material to the nozzle being the temperature of regulation and the never illustrated hot air generator of warm air curtain of air quantity on the direction crossing with moving direction is described by control.

[Figure 18] Figure 18 is to using the manufacturing installation possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention shown in Figure 16, make the air quantity of hot blast be constant and change translational speed (longitudinal axis), result that the temperature (transverse axis) of hot blast carries out testing summarizes and the curve that obtains of described point.

[Figure 19] Figure 19 is from the fresh fish raw material of top view for movement, on the direction crossing with moving direction by control for the temperature of regulation and the warm air curtain of air quantity be controlled in fresh fish raw material whole of epidermis and blowed by the nozzle of not shown hot air generator continuously situation time key diagram.

[Figure 20] Figure 20 is the cross section key diagram possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention.

[Figure 21] Figure 21 illustrates the key diagram possessing an example of other manufacturing installation of the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention.

[Figure 22] Figure 22 illustrates the key diagram possessing an example of other manufacturing installation of the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention.

[Figure 23] Figure 23 illustrates the key diagram possessing an example of other manufacturing installation of the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention.

[Figure 24] Figure 24 illustrates the key diagram possessing an example of other manufacturing installation of the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention.

[Figure 25] Figure 25 is with translational speed for (longitudinal axis), with the temperature of hot blast for (transverse axis) experimental result to embodiment 10 is summarized also described point and the curve that obtains.

[Figure 26] Figure 26 is with translational speed for (longitudinal axis), with the temperature of hot blast for (transverse axis) experimental result to embodiment 11 is summarized also described point and the curve that obtains.

[Figure 27] Figure 27 is with translational speed for (longitudinal axis), with the air quantity of hot blast for (transverse axis) experimental result to embodiment 12 is summarized also described point and the curve that obtains.

[Figure 28] Figure 28 is with translational speed for (longitudinal axis), with the air quantity of hot blast for (transverse axis) experimental result to embodiment 13 is summarized also described point and the curve that obtains.

[Figure 29] Figure 29 is with translational speed for (longitudinal axis), with the air quantity of hot blast for (transverse axis) experimental result to embodiment 14 is summarized also described point and the curve that obtains.

[Figure 30] Figure 30 is with translational speed for (longitudinal axis), with the air quantity of hot blast for (transverse axis) experimental result to embodiment 15 is summarized also described point and the curve that obtains.

[Figure 31] Figure 31 is with translational speed for (longitudinal axis), with the air quantity of hot blast for (transverse axis) experimental result to embodiment 15 and embodiment 16 is summarized also described point and the curve that obtains.

[Figure 32] Figure 32 is the key diagram be described width and the depth of the nozzle of hot air generator.

[Figure 33] Figure 33 (a) is the cross sectional microscopy photo of fresh fish raw material before the epidermis peeling off fresh fish raw material, (b) be with hand well peel manually from fresh fish raw material epidermis after the cross sectional microscopy photo of fresh fish raw material, (c) be with hand bad ground peel manually from fresh fish raw material epidermis after the cross sectional microscopy photo of fresh fish raw material.

[Figure 34] Figure 34 (a) is that embodiment 13 is heat-treated with the hot blast of 450 DEG C and the cross sectional microscopy photo possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention obtained, and (b) is the cross sectional microscopy photo possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention of heat-treating with the hot blast of 750 DEG C in embodiment 15 and obtaining.

[Figure 35] Figure 35 is the cross section key diagram of fresh fish raw material or freezing fresh fish raw material.

[Figure 36] Figure 36 is the key diagram of the existing methodical example that the epidermis peeling off fresh fish raw material is described.

[Figure 37] Figure 37 is the key diagram of an example of other method existing that the epidermis peeling off fresh fish raw material is described.

[Figure 38] Figure 38 is the key diagram of an example of other method existing that the epidermis peeling off fresh fish raw material is described.

Detailed description of the invention

Below, the present invention is described in detail to use accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 illustrates that epidermis of the present invention steams the key diagram of an example of the manufacturing installation except fresh fish.

In Fig. 1, 10 represent that epidermis of the present invention steams the manufacturing installation except fresh fish, 11 represent the fresh fish raw material 1 the raw material mobile device made it to moving direction 25 movement shown in arrow that load and supply, 12 is laser beam generating means, 13 for while by the laser beam 14 occurred by laser beam generating means 12 in the enterprising line scanning in the direction crossing with moving direction 25 while be controlled in whole of the epidermis of fresh fish raw material 1 and carry out a scanner unit of irradiating continuously, 15 is for detecting the raw material checkout equipment that fresh fish raw material 1 has arrived assigned position non-contactly before irradiation laser beam 14, 16 is the control device for controlling these devices.17 represent product withdrawing device, and 18 represent vacuum packaging equipment, and 19 represent through vacuum-packed epidermis steaming except fresh fish 20.

Control device 16 sends signal to raw material mobile device 11 and carries with the translational speed preset to make fresh fish raw material 1, if when the signal that simultaneously fresh fish raw material 1 has arrived assigned position is sent to control device 16 from raw material checkout equipment 15, then send signal from control device 16 to laser beam generating means 12 to produce the wavelength waiting setting in advance by experiment, the laser beam of power etc., and send from control device 16 to scanner unit 13 on one side with the speed of the scanner set by experiment etc. in advance and waving angle etc. by the laser beam carried by laser beam generating means 12 in the enterprising line scanning in the direction crossing with moving direction 25, while be controlled in whole of the epidermis of fresh fish raw material 1 and carry out a signal irradiated continuously, then fresh fish raw material 1 is carried out to the laser scanner operation of the regular hour waiting (experimental evaluation example such as described below) to set in advance in the clock circuit of control device 16 by experiment, the corium obtaining the bottom of epidermis is not impaired, only epidermis removes through steaming, even if also edible epidermis steams except fresh fish 20 under raw state.

Do not enter raw material checkout equipment 15(detecting sensor at the signal of follow-up fresh fish raw material 1) in time, then send the signal at this point stopped, if but in aforesaid operations follow-up fresh fish raw material 1 by raw material checkout equipment 15(detecting sensor) when detecting, then reset clock time, again repeat the aforesaid operations of certain hour.

Fig. 2 illustrates the key diagram scanner unit 13 that never illustrated for laser beam 14 epidermis of the present invention steams the manufacturing installation 10 removing fresh fish being irradiated an example of the state of the epidermis 2 in fresh fish raw material 1.3 represent corium, and 4 represent that fat deposit and 5 represents muscle layer.

(experimental evaluation example)

With the situation of laser vestige (being charred vestige), epidermis side is then judged to be that the corium 3 of the bottom of epidermis 2 is impaired.

Epidermis side is not charred, and the situation of visible microscopic laser vestige is then judged to be that the corium 3 of the bottom of epidermis 2 is not impaired.And then, be placed in mouth and can be tested by officials such as mouthfeels and confirm.

By such experimental evaluation, concerning this fingerling class, the thermal energy of the irreducible minimum can determining to make the mouthfeel of epidermis 2 to disappear, also can determine the thermal energy being about to the maximum limit before burning simultaneously.

Evaluate according to experimental evaluation as above, as long as outward appearance mouthfeels etc. are good, then about its fingerling class, if the thermal energy supplying the irreducible minimum making the mouthfeel of epidermis 2 disappear processes, or the thermal energy that supply is about to the maximum limit before burning processes, or supply exceedes the thermal energy of aforementioned irreducible minimum and the thermal energy being less than the thermal energy of aforementioned maximum limit processes, even if the kind of fish, size, the difference such as the place of production also easily can find the suitableeest heat-treat condition, the corium 3 that can obtain the bottom of epidermis 2 is not impaired, only epidermis 2 removes through steaming, the outward appearance that fresh fish raw material is original, freshness, original taste is maintained, taste, mouthfeel is excellent, even if the epidermis that also can eat under raw state steams except fresh fish.

In addition, measuring by the assay method that aftermentioned embodiment 1 is recorded the power density obtained in supply is 0.036 ~ 0.109(W/mm ²) scope thermal energy and only by epidermis steam except time, in the situation of fingerling class comprising the mackerel that salts down, salt marsh mackerel, mackerel raw fish, the saury that salts down, salt marsh saury, saury raw fish, the scad that salts down, salt marsh scad, scad raw fish etc., really wholesomely can easily manufacture fresh fish raw material with high finished product rate originally to be maintained freshness, outward appearance, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, though under raw state also edible epidermis steam except fresh fish.

Power density 0.036(W/mm ²) thermal energy of irreducible minimum that is equivalent to make the mouthfeel of epidermis 2 to disappear, power density 0.109(W/mm ²) be equivalent to the thermal energy being about to the maximum limit before burning.

Fig. 3 (a) ~ (c) be pattern cross section key diagram laser beam 14 being irradiated the effect brought by its thermal energy when epidermis is described.

As shown in Fig. 3 (a), when laser beam 14 is irradiated the epidermis 2 in fresh fish raw material 1 from the scanner unit 13 of manufacturing installation 10 of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3 (b), the cytoclasis of epidermis 2 is produced because it irradiates thermal energy, or generation thermal contraction, simultaneously the corium 3 of bottom is not impaired, and produce as shown by arrows only the steaming of epidermis 2 except the state of well being carried out.

But, as shown in Figure 3 (c), if the energy of laser beam 14 is excessively strong or carry out long-time excessive radiation, then the effect of the interior pressure result caused by the escaping gases such as water vapour etc. is also had, corium 3, the fat deposit 4 or muscle layer 5 etc. of bottom are also impaired, cannot only steam except epidermis 2.

Fig. 4 makes laser beam 14 scan while transverse shifting on the direction crossing with the moving direction 25 shown in arrow for the fresh fish raw material 1 of movement from top view, and carry out controlling and situation is irradiated in whole of the epidermis 2 of fresh fish raw material 1 in place continuously time key diagram.

Owing to making laser beam 14 transverse shifting, the such as ribbon conveyer making raw material mobile device 12 is not thus needed to carry out transverse shifting.

Fig. 5 is the cross section key diagram that the epidermis manufactured in the present invention steams except fresh fish.Control the spot diameter, sweep length, sweep speed, selection wavelength, irradiation time, power density, operating distance etc. of laser beam 14 and control to be supplied to irradiation energy, when an irradiation being carried out continuously to the whole face of the epidermis 2 of fresh fish raw material 1 and supplies the thermal energy of regulation, as shown in Figure 5, the corium 3 that can obtain the bottom of epidermis 2 is not impaired, and only epidermis 2 has carried out steaming the epidermis removed and steams except fresh fish 20.

Laser beam 14 can be such as carbon dioxide laser or YAG laser etc., can be continuous wave also can be impulse wave, and it is the selection wavelength selected from the set of wavelengths of water absorption excellence that wavelength needs.As long as select wavelength, be not particularly limited, but preferably can use the laser beam of wavelength 3 ~ 15 μm.

This is because, the laser beam that wavelength is 3 ~ 15 μm is the representative laser beam of water absorption excellence, thus the also easily economy ground acquisition such as this laser beam generating means, use the laser beam in aforementioned wave-length coverage, more positively wholesomely can easily manufacture freshness with high finished product rate, original outward appearance is maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, though under raw state also edible epidermis steam except fresh fish.Be less than wavelength 3 μm with during more than 15 μm, then likely water absorption is poor, irradiation time is elongated, become uneconomical.

The epidermis of gained is steamed and is eaten by 10 tasters except fresh fish, obtain in the result of the test of taste mouthfeel etc. mouthfeel judge in tooth touches (Dentistry touches り), the meat of chewing when stinging is separated (meat From れ) etc. significantly increases, the good result that taste is also excellent.

Epidermis of the present invention steams in the manufacturing installation 10 except fresh fish, at the pre-irradiation of laser beam 14, detect by raw material checkout equipment 15 the fresh fish raw material 1 flowed on the circuit of raw material mobile device 11 in a non contact fashion and whether be delivered to assigned position, by this, carried out the control of laser beam generating means 12 and scanner unit 13 by the signal carrying out self-control device 16, thus can not need human contact and complete processing with the state of safety.

The raw material mobile device 11 of the fresh fish raw material used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and can use the known installation methods such as ribbon conveyer.Also commercially available installation method can be used.

Above, the selection wavelength, power, irradiation time, power density, spot diameter, sweep length, operating distance (from laser light irradiation source to the distance on fish surface), sweep speed etc. of laser beam are recorded, but their can according to fingerling class, size, moisture containing ratio, season, catch place etc. and different, thus determine efficiency can only steam the condition removing epidermis well at short notice preferably by pre-trial.

The product withdrawing device 17 used as required in the present invention, vacuum packaging equipment 18 are not particularly limited, and can use known installation method.Also commercially available installation method can be used.

Manufacture 1 example that epidermis steams except the step of fresh fish to be described using the epidermis of the present invention manufacturing installation 10 steamed except fresh fish.

Such as, at least comprise the steps (1) ~ (2) and comprise the steps (3) ~ (4) as required.

Step (1) uses fresh fish raw material or freezing fresh fish raw material, in the situation of fresh fish raw material then using it directly as raw material, in the situation of freezing fresh fish raw material then using the fresh fish of thawing of thawing as raw material, these fresh fish raw materials are carried out as required hack processing and/or the processing and prepare the step of processed goods of boning.

Step (2) is that the raw material prepared in step (1) is placed in raw material mobile device, for the aforementioned base materials controlled as fixing speed movement, on the direction crossing with moving direction, the laser beam of the in check selection wavelength preset supplied by laser beam generating means is controlled in whole of its epidermis and continuous place is irradiated, by this whole face of its epidermis is supplied successively equably to the thermal energy of ormal weight, when not damaging the corium of bottom of aforementioned epidermis, only aforementioned epidermis being heat-treated and making it to steam the step removed.

Preferably the laser beam of the selection wavelength preset occurred by laser beam generating means is delivered to scanner unit, while the enterprising line scanning in the direction crossing with moving direction, be controlled in whole of its epidermis with the speed of the scanner preset and continuous for laser beam place is irradiated, carry out the thermal energy whole face of epidermis being supplied successively equably to regulation by this, when not damaging the corium of bottom of aforementioned epidermis, only steam the heat treatment except aforementioned epidermis.

If the signal that fresh fish raw material 1 has arrived assigned position is sent to control device 16 from raw material checkout equipment 15, then send signal from control device 16 to laser beam generating means 12 to produce the laser beam of the power waiting setting in advance by experiment, and send from control device 16 to scanner unit 13 on one side with the speed of the scanner set by experiment etc. in advance by the laser beam carried by laser beam generating means 12 in the enterprising line scanning in the direction crossing with moving direction, while be controlled in whole of the epidermis of fresh fish raw material 1 and carry out a signal irradiated continuously, fresh fish raw material 1 is carried out to the laser scanner operation of the regular hour waiting setting in the clock circuit of control device 16 in advance by experiment, the corium obtaining the bottom of epidermis is not impaired, only epidermis removes through steaming, even if also edible epidermis steams except fresh fish under raw state.

1 example of laser light irradiation condition:

1. power: 30W

2. select wavelength: 10.57 ~ 10.63 μm

3. irradiation time: 5 ~ 15 seconds

4. power density:

Step (3) is the step of being taken out product by product withdrawing device.

Step (4) is carried out by the product of taking-up freezing as required and carries out vacuum-packed step.Step (3), (4) are the steps of carrying out as required, such as, preserving in the situation of product steadily in the long term, preferably using product withdrawing device 17 to take out, carry out vacuum sealed package by vacuum packaging equipment 18 immediately and freezing, or carry out vacuum sealed package after the freezing and preserve.

Figure 16 illustrates the key diagram possessing an example of the manufacturing installation of the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention.

In Figure 16,10-1 represents the manufacturing installation possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention, 11 represent supplied fresh fish raw material 1 to make epidermis 2 mode upward load and to make it the raw material mobile device to moving direction 25 movement shown in arrow, 12-1 represents hot air generator, be configured to via nozzle 13-1, the hot blast occurred sprayed with the form of warm air curtain 14-1 on the direction crossing with moving direction 25 and be controlled in whole of the epidermis of fresh fish raw material 1 and blow continuously by hot air generator 12-1.15 is the raw material checkout equipments for detecting fresh fish raw material 1 before blowing hot blast non-contactly, and 16-1 is the control device for controlling these devices.17 represent product withdrawing device, and 18 represent vacuum packaging equipment, and 19-1 represents through the vacuum-packed fresh fish 20-1 possessing edible epidermis 2-1.

The fresh fish 20-1 that control device 16-1 carries out comprising following control and obtains possessing edible epidermis 2-1: send signal to make fresh fish raw material 1 to raw material mobile device 11 and carry with the translational speed preset, receive from raw material checkout equipment 15 signal that fresh fish raw material 1 has arrived assigned position simultaneously, the signal of the hot blast of temperature and the air quantity preset is sent to hot air generator 12-1, from the nozzle 13-1 of hot air generator 12-1, the direction crossing with moving direction 25 controls the warm air curtain 14-1 of the temperature controlled as specifying and air quantity and blow whole of the epidermis 2 to fresh fish raw material 1 continuously, by this whole face of epidermis 2 is supplied successively equably to the thermal energy of regulation, do not damage aforementioned epidermis 2 bottom corium 3 when, only aforementioned epidermis 2 heat-treated and change edible epidermis 2-1 into.

Do not enter raw material checkout equipment 15(detecting sensor at the signal of follow-up fresh fish raw material 1) in time, then send the signal at this point stopped, if but fresh fish raw material 1 follow-up in aforesaid operations is by raw material checkout equipment 15(detecting sensor) when detecting, then again repeat an aforesaid operations.

Figure 17 is to by the not shown nozzle 13-1 possessing the hot air generator 12-1 of the manufacturing installation of the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention, the key diagram that the example blowing the state of the warm air curtain 14-1 of temperature and the air quantity controlled as specifying with the epidermis 2 of the direction crossing with the moving direction 25 shown in arrow to fresh fish raw material 1 is described.3 represent corium, and 4 represent that fat deposit and 5 represents muscle layer.

Figure 32 is the key diagram that the width that possesses the nozzle 13-1 of the hot air generator 12-1 of the manufacturing installation of the fresh fish of edible epidermis to of the present invention and depth are described.The width of nozzle 13-1 is preferably consistent with the width of fresh fish raw material 1, if excessive compared with the width of fresh fish raw material 1, then energy loss becomes large, if little compared with the width of fresh fish raw material 1, then likely cannot heat equably.Use when the freezing mackerel used in aftermentioned embodiment being thawed processed goods (the hacking) that obtain, the width of nozzle 13-1 is set to 8cm.

If make aperture area too small, then the resistance of nozzle 13-1 becomes large, and energy loss change is large, and loss becomes large, and accumulation of heat or damage become large, may become the reason of fault.

If aperture area is excessive, even then identical air quantity, flow velocity also reduces, and treatment effeciency may reduce.

According to the kind of fish, size, the form of processed goods, the kind, speed of production etc. of manufacturing installation and different, thus preferably carry out the width testing to determine to be applicable to separately and depth in advance.

Hot blast after heat treatment can directly or recycle after carrying out chemistry and/or physical treatment and use more than 1 time.

1 example using the manufacturing installation possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention to manufacture the step of the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis is described.

Step (2) is that the raw material prepared in step (1) is placed in raw material mobile device, for the aforementioned base materials controlled as fixing speed movement, the in check hot blast supplied by hot air generator is controlled in whole of its epidermis by the direction crossing with moving direction and blows in the mode of warm air curtain continuously, by this whole face of its epidermis is evenly supplied successively to the thermal energy of ormal weight, when not damaging the corium of bottom of aforementioned epidermis, only aforementioned epidermis being heat-treated and making it to change into the step of edible epidermis.

When only aforementioned epidermis being heat-treated and be made as edible epidermis, such as, as shown in aftermentioned Figure 18, change the translational speed of aforementioned base materials in advance, the temperature of hot blast and the air quantity of hot blast, obtain display only aforementioned epidermis to be heat-treated and make it the curve 1 of the boundary changing edible epidermis into and display can when not damaging corium only to the curve 2 of the boundary that aforementioned epidermis is heat-treated, translational speed in the scope surrounded by curve obtained 1 and curve 2 if use, the temperature of hot blast and the air quantity of hot blast implement abovementioned steps (2), even if the then kind of fish, size, the differences such as the place of production, also can be more certain, the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis is wholesomely easily manufactured with high finished product rate, therefore preferably.

Step (3) is the step that the product utilization product withdrawing device making it to change into edible epidermis by only heat-treating aforementioned epidermis in step (2) takes out.

Step (4) is that the product of taking-up is carried out vacuum packaging and freezing step as required.Step (3), (4) are the steps of carrying out as required, such as, preserving in the situation of product steadily in the long term, preferably using product withdrawing device 17 to take out, carry out vacuum sealed package by vacuum packaging equipment 18 immediately and freezing, or carry out vacuum sealed package after the freezing and preserve.

(air quantity of the translational speed of feed change, the temperature of hot blast and hot blast in advance, obtain display can only heat-treat aforementioned epidermis and make it the curve 1 of the boundary changing edible epidermis into and display can when not damaging corium only to the test example of the curve 2 of the boundary that aforementioned epidermis is heat-treated)

Use Figure 18 is described.

Figure 18 uses the hot air generator 12-1(nozzle width possessing the manufacturing installation 10-1 of the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention shown in Figure 16: the distance of 8cm, nozzle depth: 15mm, spray nozzle front end and processed goods is about 5mm), freezing mackerel is thawed the processed goods obtained, the air quantity of hot blast is set to 300 liters/min, change the translational speed (longitudinal axis) of processed goods, the temperature (transverse axis) of hot blast to test, the following result of gained is summarized and described point and the curve that obtains.That is, comprise display can bite broken the boundary (that is, the boundary of edible epidermis can be changed into) of epidermis curve 1 and under being presented at the int situation of corium only epidermis through the curve 2 of heat treated boundary.

(experimental result)

。

(evaluation method)

Only epidermis is heat-treated and the boundary can biting epidermis broken (namely, the boundary of edible epidermis can be changed into), such as be fixed as 300 liters/min of examples carried out with the air quantity of hot blast to be described, then specifically refer to following implication: in figure 18, if the temperature 300 DEG C of the hot blast shown in the large arrow of the left part of curve 1, and translational speed 100cm/ minute or translational speed are when processing under the condition of less than 100cm/ minute, (by judge, group membership carries out sense test then can to bite epidermis broken, can test be entered the mouth and bite broken or be determined by the method etc. that the assay method recorded with aftermentioned embodiment measures fracture loading etc.), if process under the condition of translational speed more than 100cm/ minute, then broken epidermis cannot be bitten.The temperature of hot blast is increased to 450 DEG C, 600 DEG C, 750 DEG C further more than 300 DEG C, and tests in the same manner, make curve 1 thus.

On the other hand, under the int situation of corium, only epidermis is through heat treated boundary (namely, epidermis can be made to change edible epidermis into, but the boundary that corium is impaired), such as be fixed as 300 liters/min of examples carried out with the air quantity of hot blast to illustrate, then specifically refer to following implication: in figure 18, if the temperature of the hot blast shown in the small arrow in the left part of curve 2 300 DEG C, and process under translational speed 40cm/ minute or its above condition, then can heat-treat under the int situation of corium and (can be eaten by taster 10 people, carry out the afore-mentioned test of taste mouthfeel etc., in judgement mouthfeel, taste, when chewing the meat separation etc. when stinging, test simultaneously whether under the int situation of corium only epidermis change edible epidermis into determine.Maybe can by visual or carry out microscopic examination to judge), if process be less than the condition of 40cm/ minute in translational speed under, then corium is impaired.The temperature of hot blast is increased to 450 DEG C, 600 DEG C, 750 DEG C further more than 300 DEG C, and tests in the same manner, make curve 2 thus.

Although be fixed as 300 liters/min of examples carried out exemplified with by the air quantity of hot blast, the air quantity of hot blast can be changed as required, make the curve 1,2 corresponding to the air quantity of each hot blast as hereinbefore.

So, translational speed in the scope using the air quantity and the curve 1 that obtains that correspond to each hot blast and curve 2 to surround, the temperature of hot blast, implement abovementioned steps (2), even if the difference such as fingerling class, size, place of production thus, also easily can find the suitableeest heat-treat condition, can more really, wholesomely with high finished product rate easily manufacture the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis.

Comprise in the situation of the fingerling class of the mackerel that salts down, salt marsh mackerel, mackerel raw fish, the saury that salts down, salt marsh saury, saury raw fish, the scad that salts down, salt marsh scad, scad raw fish etc., really, wholesomely with high finished product rate can easily manufacture the original freshness of fresh fish raw material, outward appearance maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, though under raw state the also edible fresh fish possessing edible epidermis.

Key diagram when Figure 19 is situation following from top view: for the fresh fish raw material 1 of movement, will control as the temperature of regulation and the warm air curtain 14-1 of air quantity are controlled in the situation that the direction crossing with moving direction 25 and the never illustrated nozzle 13-1 possessing the hot air generator 12-1 of the manufacturing installation 10-1 of the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention blow whole of the epidermis in fresh fish raw material 1 continuously.

When using warm air curtain 14-1, the such as ribbon conveyer making raw material mobile device 12 is not needed to carry out transverse shifting.The width of nozzle 13-1 is preferably consistent with the width of fresh fish raw material 1, if excessive compared with the width of fresh fish raw material 1, then energy loss becomes large, if little compared with the width of fresh fish raw material 1, then likely cannot heat equably.A in Figure 19 represents the Breadth Maximum of fresh fish raw material 1, and b represents the width of warm air curtain 14-1.B is preferably identical with a, or slightly larger than a.

Figure 20 is the cross section key diagram possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention.Can obtain controlling hot blast and make it to contact equably successively fresh fish raw material whole of epidermis and obtain, under the int situation of corium 3 of the bottom of aforementioned epidermis, only aforementioned epidermis 2 changes the fresh fish 20-1 possessing edible epidermis 2-1 of edible epidermis 2-1 into through heat treatment.

What the edible epidermis 2-1 of fresh fish 20-1 had can be visually seen by heat-treat conditions such as the heat treatments under relative low temperature, and what have is difficult to visually see by heat-treat conditions such as the heat treatments under relatively-high temperature a little, but microscope can be used to see.Edible epidermis 2-1 exists really, but its thickness or outward appearance etc. are different according to heat-treat condition.

Possess the original outward appearance of the fresh fish raw material of the fresh fish 20-1 of edible epidermis 2-1, freshness, taste maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, though under raw state also edible.

The fresh fish 20-1 possessing edible epidermis 2-1 of gained is eaten by 10 tasters, obtain in the result of the test of taste mouthfeel etc. mouthfeel judge in tooth touch, chew meat separation when stinging etc. and significantly increase, the good result that taste is also excellent.

Of the present invention shown in Figure 16 possesses in the manufacturing installation 10-1 of the fresh fish of edible epidermis, before the blowing of hot blast, detect the fresh fish raw material 1 flowed on the circuit of raw material mobile device 11 by raw material checkout equipment 15 in a non contact fashion and whether be delivered to assigned position, by this, by carrying out the signal of self-control device 16-1, the temperature that hot air generator 12-1 is preset and the hot blast of air quantity, and from the nozzle 13-1 of hot air generator 12-1, the direction crossing with moving direction 25 controls the warm air curtain 14-1 of the temperature controlled as specifying and air quantity and blow whole of the epidermis in fresh fish raw material 1 continuously, thus the whole face of epidermis is supplied successively equably to the thermal energy of regulation, do not damage aforementioned epidermis 2 bottom corium 3 when only aforementioned epidermis 2 heat-treated and change edible epidermis 2-1 into, owing to so controlling, thus can not need human contact and complete processing with the state of safety.

Figure 21 illustrates the key diagram possessing the example of other manufacturing installation of the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention.

In Figure 21,10-2 represents the example possessing other manufacturing installation of the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention, 11-1,11-2 represent supplied fresh fish raw material 1 to make the downward mode of epidermis 2 load and to make it the raw material mobile device to the direction of arrow 25 movement, 12-1 represents hot air generator, be configured to via nozzle 13-1, the hot blast occurred sprayed upward with the form of warm air curtain 14-1 on the direction crossing with moving direction 25 and be controlled in whole of the epidermis of fresh fish raw material 1 and blow continuously (scheming with reference to extracting) by hot air generator 12-1.15 is the raw material checkout equipments for detecting fresh fish raw material 1 before blowing hot blast non-contactly, and 16-1 is the control device for controlling these devices.17 represent product withdrawing device, and 18 represent vacuum packaging equipment, and 19-1 represents through the vacuum-packed fresh fish 20-1 possessing edible epidermis 2-1.

The manufacturing installation 10-2 possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention is arranged at intervals with 2 raw material mobile device 11-1 and 11-2 abreast across 1 ~ 2cm on direct of travel.When being spaced apart 1 ~ 2cm, can to thaw the freezing mackerel used in aftermentioned embodiment and the processed goods obtained not making the fresh fish raw material 1(of movement) falling to another raw material mobile device 11-2 etc. from a raw material mobile device 11-1 while maintain the position of regulation, move smoothly.Then, the nozzle 13-1 of hot air generator 12-1 is configured in aforementioned interval, via nozzle 13-1, by the hot blast that occurred by hot air generator 12-1 with the form of warm air curtain 14-1, the direction crossing with moving direction 25 sprays upward and carries out controlling and blowing whole of the epidermis in fresh fish raw material 1 continuously.The distance of nozzle 13-1 and fresh fish raw material 1 is set to about 5mm.

The fresh fish 20-1 that control device 16-1 carries out comprising following control and obtains possessing edible epidermis 2-1: to raw material mobile device 11-1, 11-2 sends signal and carries with the translational speed preset to make fresh fish raw material 1, receive from raw material checkout equipment 15 signal that fresh fish raw material 1 has arrived assigned position simultaneously, the signal of the hot blast of temperature and the air quantity preset is sent to hot air generator 12-1, from the nozzle 13-1 of hot air generator 12-1, the direction crossing with moving direction 25 controls the warm air curtain 14-1 of the temperature controlled as specifying and air quantity and blow whole of the epidermis to fresh fish raw material 1 continuously upward, by this whole face of epidermis is supplied successively equably to the thermal energy of regulation, do not damage aforementioned epidermis 2 bottom corium 3 when, only aforementioned epidermis 2 heat-treated and change edible epidermis 2-1 into.

Of the present invention shown in Figure 16 possesses in the situation of the manufacturing installation 10-1 of the fresh fish of edible epidermis, via the nozzle 13-1 of hot air generator 12-1, with the form of warm air curtain 14-1, the direction crossing with moving direction 25 sprays down and whole of the epidermis blowed continuously in fresh fish raw material 1, thus the hot blast after heat treatment becomes ascending air, becomes the reason of fault sometimes from external heat hot air generator 12-1 etc.

So, exist and need to cool hot air generator 12-1 etc. in addition, or needs are tried every possible means situation that ascending air can not be contacted with hot air generator 12-1 etc.

In contrast, of the present invention shown in Figure 21 possesses in the situation of the manufacturing installation 10-2 of the fresh fish of edible epidermis, via the nozzle 13-1 of hot air generator 12-1, with the form of warm air curtain 14-1, the direction crossing with moving direction 25 sprays upward and whole of the epidermis blowed continuously in fresh fish raw material 1, thus there is no following problems: the hot blast after heat treatment contacts with hot air generator 12-1 etc., carry out from outside heating and become the reason etc. of fault.

The gas componant of the hot blast used in the present invention is not particularly limited, specifically can enumerate such as air, the inert gases such as nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide, burn combustible fuel and the steam etc. such as the bluster comprising carbon dioxide, moisture, exhaust etc., superheated vapour obtained can be enumerated.

They can be used alone, also two or more use capable of being combined.

Below, the example during bluster using accompanying drawing to obtain utilizing burn combustible fuel is described.

Figure 22 illustrates the key diagram possessing the example of other manufacturing installation of the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention.

Other manufacturing installation 10-3 possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention recorded in Figure 22 is configured to: in hot air generator 12-1, arrange burner 26, fan 28, combustible fuel will be supplied to burner 26 and make it burn and occur bluster 27 and bluster 27 around hot blast, carried by fan 28 and spray upward via nozzle 13-1 on the direction crossing with moving direction 25 with the form of warm air curtain 14-1 (with reference to extracting figure) and carry out controlling and blow whole of the epidermis in fresh fish raw material 1 continuously, in addition, identical with the manufacturing installation 10-2 that of the present invention shown in Figure 21 possesses the fresh fish of edible epidermis.

The fresh fish 20-1 obtaining possessing edible epidermis 2-1 by carrying out comprising following control: by warm air curtain 14-1 being controlled in whole of epidermis 2 and blowing continuously, thus the whole face of epidermis 2 is supplied successively equably to the thermal energy of regulation, do not damage aforementioned epidermis 2 bottom corium 3 when, only aforementioned epidermis 2 heat-treated and make it to change edible epidermis 2-1 into.

Figure 23 illustrates the key diagram possessing the example of other manufacturing installation of the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention.

Other manufacturing installation 10-4 possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention recorded in Figure 23 is configured to: the combustible fuel burning making to be supplied to the gas nozzle 13-2 being installed on the hot air generator 12-2 comprising gas bomb, the warm air curtain 14-1 of the top being formed in produced bluster 27 ー 1 is sprayed upward on the direction crossing with moving direction 25, and be controlled in whole of the epidermis of fresh fish raw material 1 and blow continuously, in addition, the manufacturing installation 10-2 possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis with of the present invention shown in Figure 21 is identical.

Figure 24 illustrates the key diagram possessing the example of other manufacturing installation of the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention.

Other manufacturing installation 10-5 possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention recorded in Figure 24 is configured to: the combustible fuel burning making to be supplied to the gas nozzle 13-2 being installed on the hot air generator 12-2 comprising gas bomb, produced bluster 27 ー 1 is sprayed upward on the direction crossing with moving direction 25, and be controlled in whole of the epidermis of fresh fish raw material 1 and blow continuously, in addition, the manufacturing installation 10-2 possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis with of the present invention shown in Figure 21 is identical.

The fresh fish 20-1 obtaining possessing edible epidermis 2-1 by carrying out comprising following control: by bluster 27-1 being controlled in whole of epidermis 2 and blowing continuously, thus the whole face of epidermis 2 is supplied successively equably to the thermal energy of regulation, do not damage aforementioned epidermis 2 bottom corium 3 when, only aforementioned epidermis 2 heat-treated and make it to change edible epidermis 2-1 into.

Steam to the epidermis of the present invention shown in Fig. 1 the example be used alone separately except the manufacturing installation 10-2 ~ 10-5 possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention shown in manufacturing installation 10-1 and Figure 21 ~ 24 possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention shown in the manufacturing installation 10 of fresh fish and Figure 16 to be illustrated, but be not limited in the present invention be used alone separately, such as, also the epidermis of the present invention shown in Fig. 1 can be steamed the manufacturing installation 10 except fresh fish, manufacturing installation 10-2 ~ the 10-5 possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention shown in manufacturing installation 10-1 and Figure 21 ~ 24 possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention shown in Figure 16 uses multiple separately, they can also be combinationally used.

Particularly, the such as following example formed can be enumerated: use multiple by the manufacturing installation 10-2 of the present invention shown in manufacturing installation 10-1 or Figure 21 shown in Figure 16, in the 1st manufacturing installation, make the epidermis above raw fresh material change edible epidermis into, in the 2nd follow-up manufacturing installation, make the epidermis below raw fresh material change edible epidermis into, in the 3rd manufacturing installation, make the epidermis of 1 side of raw fresh material change edible epidermis into, in the 4th manufacturing installation, make the epidermis of the another side of raw fresh material change edible epidermis into.

As other concrete example, the such as following example formed can be enumerated: the manufacturing installation 10-2 of the present invention shown in manufacturing installation 10-1 and Figure 21 shown in Figure 16 is respectively used 1, in the 1st manufacturing installation 10-1, make the epidermis above raw fresh material change edible epidermis into, in the 2nd follow-up manufacturing installation 10-2, make the epidermis below raw fresh material change edible epidermis into.

As other concrete example, the such as following example formed can be enumerated: use multiple by the manufacturing installation 10-1 shown in Figure 16, in the 1st manufacturing installation 10-1, the epidermis 2 above raw fresh material 1 is made to change edible epidermis 2-1 into by the warm air curtain 14-1 blowed from top to below, epidermis 2 is above changed into the raw fresh material turn-over of edible epidermis 2-1, be delivered to the 2nd follow-up manufacturing installation 10-1, in the manufacturing installation 10-1 of the 2nd, the epidermis 2 of the another side of raw fresh material 1 is made to change edible epidermis 2-1 into by the warm air curtain 14-1 blowed from top to below.

As other concrete example, the such as following example formed can be enumerated: use the manufacturing installation possessing the nozzle 13-1 that warm air curtain 14-1 can be blowed to the whole epidermis 2 of the surrounding of raw fresh material 1, by blowing warm air curtain 14-1 from the nozzle 13-1 of this manufacturing installation to the epidermis 2 that the surrounding of raw fresh material 1 is whole, make the whole epidermis 2 of surrounding above of raw fresh material 1 change edible epidermis 2-1 into simultaneously.

As the fingerling class used in the present invention, also can enumerate: mackerel, scad, saury, catfish, blue or green sweet fish, long billfish, cod, wall pollack, coley, long-tail cod, hake, salmon, trout, yellowfin sole, Greenland halibut, flatfish, microcephaly Zhi Kong Acenthogobius flavimanus, red berycoid, nothing standby flat Rockfish, silver-colored Yellowtail silvery pomfret, South Pole canine tooth fish, atka mackerel, Hei Bluefish, madai, six tooth red coats, tilefiss, Nile perch, hairtail, scomberomorus niphonius, three line rock perch, catfish, Tilapia mossambica etc.

In the situation of fresh fish raw material, directly can use as fresh fish raw material, then carry out thawing in the situation of freezing fresh fish raw material and use as the fresh fish raw material that thaws.

Then preferably remove when squama is on epidermis.Then also can not to remove when squama is under epidermis and as raw material.

These fresh fish raw materials are processed and product that the processed goods prepared can be the fish raw material of belt leather and whole or process the fish raw material of belt leather and obtain, also can be out product, the product removing head cheek internal organ that abdomen gills, hack, cube meat, other free position.

Preferably raw material fish is removed head, squama, fin, internal organ, sheet becomes 3 to obtain left and right meat 2 and as processed goods, the situation of frozen goods is then thawed according to well-established law, removes head, squama, fin, abdomen meat, internal organ, and sheet becomes 3 to obtain left and right meat 2 and as processed goods.

The explanation of above-mentioned embodiment is for illustration of the present invention, does not limit the invention recorded in patent claims, or reduces scope.In addition, each several part formation of invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, carries out various distortion in the technical scope can recorded in patent claims.

Embodiment

Below, describe the present invention in detail by embodiment, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and in being defined in these embodiments.

The % below recorded represents quality %.

(embodiment 1)

Use the epidermis of the present invention shown in Fig. 1 possessing following laser beam irradiation apparatus to steam the manufacturing installation removing fresh fish, use freezing mackerel, manufacture epidermis of the present invention according to the step shown in Fig. 7 and steam except fresh fish (salt down mackerel).

That is, freezing for raw material mackerel is flooded 1 hour in salt solution, thaw, after sheet becomes 3, in saturated brine, dipping carries out salt marsh in 2 hours, and in seasoned vinegar, dipping carries out marinate in 3 hours.

Then, the condition recorded in the assay method of following power density to the steaming carrying out epidermis except time, use 3 samples, measured by the assay method shown in Fig. 6 (a) and (b) and obtain irreducible minimum process (the power density 0.036W/mm that the mouthfeel carrying out making epidermis disappears ²) time fracture loading (g), fracture loading measuring machine till epidermis fracture immersion distance (mm) and gel strength (g cm) of plunger, simultaneously obtain maximum limit process (the power density 0.055W/mm carrying out being about to before burning in the same manner ²) time fracture loading (g), fracture loading measuring machine immersion distance (mm) and gel strength (g cm) of plunger in mackerel inside, calculating mean value and standard deviation, show the result in table 1 respectively.The unit of fracture loading represents by newton.

It should be noted that, gel strength (g cm) be fracture time loading (fracture loading) (g) × until fracture till immersion distance (cm).

The record (being peeled off by epidermis hand or laser irradiation) on peeling one hurdle in Fig. 7 is described.

In embodiment 1, (laser irradiation is carried out to epidermis) and by epidermis steam remove, carry out aforementioned fracture loading (g), immerse the mensuration of distance (mm), gel strength (g cm) and yield rate (%), show the result in table 1, but for the mensuration of then fresh fish raw material directly, namely being carried out aforementioned fracture loading (g) under with the state of epidermis for the sample (untreated) that compares, immersing distance (mm), gel strength (g cm) in table 1, show the result in table 1.

Then, for the yield rate measured in embodiment 1, as shown in table 2, also measure and do not carry out laser light irradiation process and by yield rate time epidermis (peeling off with hand), the results are shown in the non-processor (peeling) of table 2.

As mentioned above, (being peeled off with hand or laser irradiation by epidermis) represents and carries out laser treatment with irradiation in embodiment 1, and in order to compare, the situation for (being peeled off by epidermis hand) is also tested.

Other Fig. 8 ~ 15 are also identical.

Then, after carrying out removing abdomen bone, the boning of fishbone, vacuum packaging is carried out, freezing 1 Dinner in freezer.

Thaw, eaten by taster 10 people, carry out the test of taste mouthfeel etc., in acetonideexample 1 epidermis of the present invention of gained steam except fresh fish (salt down mackerel) obtain mouthfeel judge in tooth touches, the meat separation etc. of chewing when stinging significantly increases, the good result that taste is also excellent.

It should be noted that, under the int situation of the corium of the bottom of epidermis, only epidermis carries out visual and microscopic examination except referring to sample through steaming, and to be eaten by taster 10 people and the afore-mentioned test of carrying out taste mouthfeel etc. judging mouthfeel, taste, when chewing when stinging meat separation etc., determine whether that only epidermis removes through steaming under the int situation of corium simultaneously.

(laser beam irradiation apparatus)

Laser species carbon dioxide laser (air cooling)

Use and select wavelength CO ₂10.64 μm

Schema category continuous wave operation (variable duty ratio)

Power 30W (maximum)

Optical scanner scan frequency 100Hz (maximum)

The about 200mm of sweep length (maximum)

Operating distance (from laser light irradiation source to the distance on fish surface) about 200mm

Illumination beam diameter (spot diameter) Φ 3 ~ 10mm

424W/cm under power density actual irradiation Φ 3mm condition ²(maximum)

153W/cm under Φ 5mm condition ²(maximum)

38W/cm under Φ 10mm condition ²(maximum).

(assay method of power density)

Use aforementioned laser beam irradiation apparatus (power: 30W),

1. illumination beam diameter (spot diameter): Φ 3mm

2. the transporting velocity of fish: 10 ± Xmm/sec(wherein, and X is carrying out the situation of the irreducible minimum process making the mouthfeel of epidermis disappear, different from the situation carrying out being about to the maximum limit process before burning)

3. laser beam sweep length: 5cm

4. laser beam sweep speed: sweep length 5cm comes and goes 20 times/sec

5. the laser light irradiation area on fish surface: 5cm × (10 ± Xmm/sec)

6. calculate fish to carry out with transporting velocity 10 ± Xmm/sec in the process of movement, irradiate the power density (W/mm of the laser beam in laser light irradiation area 5cm × (10 ± Xmm) ²).

Such as, use aforementioned laser beam irradiation apparatus (power: 30W), if the transporting velocity of fish be 5cm/sec, laser beam sweep length be 5cm, sweep speed: sweep length 5cm come and go 20 times/sec time, then power density=30W/2500mm ²=0.012(W/mm ²).

Use fracture loading measuring machine: Eko Instruments Trading TEXTUREANALYZER of maximum loading 500g, plunger uses Knife Edge Slotted Insert(HDP/BS), measure immersion distance (mm) of the plunger of the fracture loading measuring machine of fracture loading (g) till epidermis fracture.

Fig. 6 (a) and (b) are the key diagrams of the method that immersion distance (mm) using loading measuring machine mensuration fracture loading (g) that ruptures, plunger is described.

Fig. 6 (a) will hack the key diagram of 21 cut-outs to obtain sample 24.As shown in Figure 6 (a), from being the position of 5cm apart from the head side 22 of hacking 21,3 are cut as sample using 1cm width continuously.Then, Fig. 6 (b) is the key diagram be described the state measuring sample 24.As shown in Figure 6 (b), make the plunger 23 of not shown fracture loading measuring machine fall to the direction of the sample 24 that will measure to measure.Carry out under the condition of the decrease speed 2mm/sec of mensuration temperature 20 DEG C, plunger 23.

It should be noted that, fracture loading is corresponding with the power (power required when biting broken) required for fracture; The immersion distance of plunger is corresponding with the degree of the distortion of (till biting broken) till rupturing; Immersion distance (cm) of the loading (fracture loading) (g) when gel strength (g cm) is fracture × till fracture, and corresponding with the intensity of chewing strength.

As mentioned above, the result of loading (g) of rupturing, immersion distance (mm), gel strength (g cm) is shown in table 1, and the result obtaining yield rate is shown in table 2.

According to table 1, the epidermis of the present invention of embodiment 1 steams except fresh fish is at power density (0.036 ~ 0.055W/mm ²) under, the corium of the bottom of epidermis not impaired and only epidermis through steam remove, the degree of power required when biting broken and distortion till biting broken and to chew strength suitable, even if also edible under raw state, time edible, freshness, original taste are maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, and judge that yield rate is also high according to table 2.

On the other hand, according to table 1, duplicate, owing to being the state with epidermis, thus cannot being bitten epidermis broken, and judge according to table 2, and the yield rate peeling off the comparison sample of epidermis with hand is also low.

(embodiment 2)

Use freezing mackerel, manufacturing epidermis of the present invention with the step shown in Fig. 8 steams except fresh fish (salt marsh mackerel), in addition, obtain immersion distance (mm), gel strength (g cm) and yield rate of loading (g) of rupturing, plunger identically with embodiment 1.

It should be noted that, for the comparison sample of stripping carrying out epidermis with manual operations, also measure in the same manner.

Respective result is shown in table 3, and the result of yield rate is shown in table 4.

According to table 3, the epidermis of the present invention of embodiment 2 steams except fresh fish is at power density (0.047 ~ 0.055W/mm ²) under, the corium of the bottom of epidermis not impaired and only epidermis through steam remove, the degree of power required when biting broken and distortion till biting broken and to chew strength suitable, even if also edible under raw state, time edible, freshness, original taste are maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, and judge that yield rate is also high according to table 4.

On the other hand, according to table 3, duplicate, owing to being the state with epidermis, thus cannot being bitten epidermis broken, and judge according to table 4, and the yield rate peeling off the comparison sample of epidermis with hand is also low.

(embodiment 3)

Use freezing mackerel, manufacturing epidermis of the present invention with the step shown in Fig. 9 steams except fresh fish (mackerel raw fish), in addition, obtain immersion distance (mm), gel strength (g cm) and yield rate of loading (g) of rupturing, plunger identically with embodiment 1.

Respective result is shown in table 5, and the result of yield rate is shown in table 6.

According to table 5, the epidermis of the present invention of embodiment 3 steams except fresh fish is at power density (0.065 ~ 0.073W/mm ²) under, the corium of the bottom of epidermis not impaired and only epidermis through steam remove, the degree of power required when biting broken and distortion till biting broken and to chew strength suitable, even if also edible under raw state, time edible, freshness, original taste are maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, and judge that yield rate is also high according to table 6.

On the other hand, according to table 5, duplicate, owing to being the state with epidermis, thus cannot being bitten epidermis broken, and judge according to table 6, and the yield rate peeling off the comparison sample of epidermis with hand is also low.

(embodiment 4)

Japan is used to produce freezing saury, manufacturing epidermis of the present invention with the step shown in Figure 10 steams except fresh fish (salt down saury), in addition, obtain immersion distance (mm), gel strength (g cm) and yield rate of loading (g) of rupturing, plunger identically with embodiment 1.

Respective result is shown in table 7, and the result of yield rate is shown in table 8.

According to table 7, the epidermis of the present invention of embodiment 4 steams except fresh fish is at power density (0.036 ~ 0.058W/mm ²) under, the corium of the bottom of epidermis not impaired and only epidermis through steam remove, the degree of power required when biting broken and distortion till biting broken and to chew strength suitable, even if also edible under raw state, time edible, freshness, original taste are maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, and judge that yield rate is also high according to table 8.

On the other hand, according to table 7, duplicate, owing to being the state with epidermis, thus cannot being bitten epidermis broken, and judge according to table 8, and the yield rate peeling off the comparison sample of epidermis with hand is also low.

(embodiment 5)

Japan is used to produce freezing saury, manufacturing epidermis of the present invention with the step shown in Figure 11 steams except fresh fish (salt marsh saury), in addition, obtain immersion distance (mm), gel strength (g cm) and yield rate of loading (g) of rupturing, plunger identically with embodiment 1.

Respective result is shown in table 9, and the result of yield rate is shown in table 10.

According to table 9, the epidermis of the present invention of embodiment 5 steams except fresh fish is at power density (0.044 ~ 0.058W/mm ²) under, the corium of the bottom of epidermis not impaired and only epidermis through steam remove, the degree of power required when biting broken and distortion till biting broken and to chew strength suitable, even if also edible under raw state, time edible, freshness, original taste are maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, and judge that yield rate is also high according to table 10.

On the other hand, according to table 9, duplicate, owing to being the state with epidermis, thus cannot being bitten epidermis broken, and judge according to table 10, and the yield rate peeling off the comparison sample of epidermis with hand is also low.

(embodiment 6)

Japan is used to produce freezing saury, manufacturing epidermis of the present invention with the step shown in Figure 12 steams except fresh fish (saury raw fish), in addition, obtain immersion distance (mm), gel strength (g cm) and yield rate of loading (g) of rupturing, plunger identically with embodiment 1.

Respective result is shown in table 11, and the result of yield rate is shown in table 12.

According to table 11, the epidermis of the present invention of embodiment 6 steams except fresh fish is at power density (0.055 ~ 0.076W/mm ²) under, the corium of the bottom of epidermis not impaired and only epidermis through steam remove, the degree of power required when biting broken and distortion till biting broken and to chew strength suitable, even if also edible under raw state, time edible, freshness, original taste are maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, and judge that yield rate is also high according to table 12.

On the other hand, according to table 11, duplicate, owing to being the state with epidermis, thus cannot being bitten epidermis broken, and judge according to table 12, and the yield rate peeling off the comparison sample of epidermis with hand is also low.

(embodiment 7)

Japan is used to produce fresh scad, manufacturing epidermis of the present invention with the step shown in Figure 13 steams except fresh fish (salt down scad), in addition, obtain immersion distance (mm), gel strength (g cm) and yield rate of loading (g) of rupturing, plunger identically with embodiment 1.

Respective result is shown in table 13, and the result of yield rate is shown in table 14.

According to table 13, the epidermis of the present invention of embodiment 7 steams except fresh fish is at power density (0.062 ~ 0.087W/mm ²) under, the corium of the bottom of epidermis not impaired and only epidermis through steam remove, the degree of power required when biting broken and distortion till biting broken and to chew strength suitable, even if also edible under raw state, time edible, freshness, original taste are maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, and judge that yield rate is also high according to table 14.

On the other hand, according to table 13, duplicate, owing to being the state with epidermis, thus cannot being bitten epidermis broken, and judge according to table 14, and the yield rate peeling off the comparison sample of epidermis with hand is also low.

(embodiment 8)

Japan is used to produce fresh scad, manufacturing epidermis of the present invention with the step shown in Figure 14 steams except fresh fish (salt marsh scad), in addition, obtain immersion distance (mm), gel strength (g cm) and yield rate of loading (g) of rupturing, plunger identically with embodiment 1.

Respective result is shown in table 15, and the result of yield rate is shown in table 16.

According to table 15, the epidermis of the present invention of embodiment 8 steams except fresh fish is at power density (0.084 ~ 0.087W/mm ²) under, the corium of the bottom of epidermis not impaired and only epidermis through steam remove, the degree of power required when biting broken and distortion till biting broken and to chew strength suitable, even if also edible under raw state, time edible, freshness, original taste are maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, and judge that yield rate is also high according to table 16.

On the other hand, according to table 15, duplicate, owing to being the state with epidermis, thus cannot being bitten epidermis broken, and judge according to table 16, and the yield rate peeling off the comparison sample of epidermis with hand is also low.

(embodiment 9)

Japan is used to produce fresh scad, manufacturing epidermis of the present invention with the step shown in Figure 15 steams except fresh fish (scad raw fish), in addition, obtain immersion distance (mm), gel strength (g cm) and yield rate of loading (g) of rupturing, plunger identically with embodiment 1.

Respective result is shown in table 17, and the result of yield rate is shown in table 18.

According to table 17, the epidermis of the present invention of embodiment 9 steams except fresh fish is at power density (0.109 ~ 0.109W/mm ²) under, the corium of the bottom of epidermis not impaired and only epidermis through steam remove, the degree of power required when biting broken and distortion till biting broken and to chew strength suitable, even if also edible under raw state, time edible, freshness, original taste are maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, and judge that yield rate is also high according to table 18.

On the other hand, according to table 17, duplicate, owing to being the state with epidermis, thus cannot being bitten epidermis broken, and judge according to table 18, and the yield rate peeling off the comparison sample of epidermis with hand is also low.

(embodiment 10)

Use the manufacturing installation possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention shown in Figure 16, the air quantity of hot blast is made to be 200 liters/min, use thaw freezing mackerel and the processed goods that obtains, from the nozzle (nozzle width: 8cm of hot air generator, nozzle depth: 15mm, the distance of spray nozzle front end and processed goods is about 5mm), on the direction crossing with moving direction, to control as the temperature of regulation and the warm air curtain of air quantity are controlled in whole of the epidermis of processed goods (fresh fish raw material) and blow continuously, by this whole face of epidermis is supplied successively equably to the thermal energy of regulation, when only aforementioned epidermis being heat-treated when not damaging the corium of bottom of aforementioned epidermis and make it to change edible epidermis into, the temperature of hot blast that makes as described below carries out change to implement experiment the scope of 300 ~ 750 DEG C.The result of this experiment is as follows.

Namely, the air quantity of hot blast is made to be 200 liters/min, for each temperature, obtain the translational speed of the boundary biting epidermis broken, link the translational speed biting the boundary of epidermis broken at each temperature and forming curves 1, then, for each temperature, obtain the translational speed of the boundary that corium is damaged, linking the translational speed of the impaired boundary of corium at each temperature and forming curves 2, Tu25Zhong, is (longitudinal axis) with translational speed, be (transverse axis) with the temperature of hot blast, this experimental result summarized and described point shows.

(experimental result)

。

Make the air quantity of hot blast be 200 liters/min, the translational speed of scope using the curve 1 shown in Figure 25 and curve 2 to surround and the temperature of hot blast are to manufacture the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis of the present invention.

Thaw, eaten by taster 10 people and carry out the test of taste mouthfeel etc., result can confirm: the corium of the bottom of epidermis is not impaired, only epidermis changes edible epidermis into through heat treatment, tooth touches, the meat separation etc. of chewing when stinging significantly increases, the original outward appearance of fresh fish raw material, freshness, taste are maintained, and taste, mouthfeel are excellent, though under raw state also edible.

For the boundary biting epidermis broken, as mentioned above, can carry out sense test by judge group membership, can test enter the mouth and bite broken to determine, also can as described in Example 1, be measured by the method measuring fracture loading with the method shown in Fig. 6 (a) and (b).

(embodiment 11)

The air quantity of hot blast is made to be 400 liters/min, in addition, identically with embodiment 10, when not damaging the corium of bottom of epidermis, when only heat-treating aforementioned epidermis and make it to change edible epidermis into, make the temperature change of translational speed and hot blast to test.

The result of this experiment is as follows.

(experimental result)

。

Figure 26 is with translational speed for (longitudinal axis), and be (transverse axis) with the temperature of hot blast to summarize the curve that also described point obtains to this experimental result.

Make the air quantity of hot blast be 400 liters/min, the translational speed of scope using the curve 1 shown in Figure 26 and curve 2 to surround and the temperature of hot blast, can manufacture the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis of the present invention.

(embodiment 12)

Use the manufacturing installation possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention shown in Figure 16, the temperature of hot blast is controlled to be 300 DEG C, use thaw freezing mackerel and the processed goods that obtains, from the nozzle (nozzle width: 8cm of hot air generator, nozzle depth: 15mm, the distance of spray nozzle front end and processed goods is about 5mm), on the direction crossing with moving direction, the warm air curtain of the air quantity controlled as specifying is controlled in whole of the epidermis of processed goods (fresh fish raw material) and blows continuously, by this whole face of epidermis is supplied successively equably to the thermal energy of regulation, when not damaging the corium of bottom of aforementioned epidermis, when only aforementioned epidermis being heat-treated and make it to change edible epidermis into, the air quantity of hot blast that makes as described below is at 200 ~ 600(L/ minute) scope carry out change to test.The result of this experiment is as follows.

That is, the temperature of hot blast is made to be 300 DEG C, for each air quantity, obtain the translational speed of the boundary biting epidermis broken, link the translational speed biting the boundary of epidermis broken under each air quantity and forming curves 1, then, for each air quantity, obtain the translational speed of the boundary that corium is damaged, linking the translational speed of the impaired boundary of corium under each air quantity and forming curves 2, Tu27Zhong, is (longitudinal axis) with translational speed, be (transverse axis) with the air quantity of hot blast, this experimental result summarized and described point shows.

(experimental result)

。

Make the temperature of hot blast be 300 DEG C, the translational speed of scope using the curve 1 shown in Figure 27 and curve 2 to surround and the air quantity of hot blast, can manufacture the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis of the present invention.

Make the temperature of hot blast be 300 DEG C by manufacturing and air quantity 200,300,400,500,600(L/ minute) under to have carried out heat treated fish body 1,2,3 with the translational speed biting the boundary of epidermis broken and make the temperature of hot blast be 300 DEG C and air quantity 200,300,400,500,600(L/ minute) under with corium be damaged the translational speed of boundary carried out heat treated fish body 1,2,3 time yield rate (%) and mean value and standard deviation be shown in table 19.

In order to compare, the yield rate (%) when peel manually is manufactured fish body 1,2,3 from epidermis and mean value and standard deviation are also shown in table 19.

Can judge according to table 19, make the temperature of hot blast for 300 DEG C and the translational speed of the scope using the curve 1 shown in Figure 27 and curve 2 to surround and air quantity, with peel manually from epidermis situation compared with, the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis of the present invention can be manufactured with the yield rate of high about 2.8 ~ 3.1%.

Be 300 DEG C for making the temperature of hot blast and at air quantity 200, 300, 400, 500, 600(L/ minute) under carried out heat treated fish body 1 with the translational speed biting the boundary of epidermis broken, 2, 3 and make the temperature of hot blast be 300 DEG C and at air quantity 200, 300, 400, 500, 600(L/ minute) under the translational speed of boundary that is damaged with corium carried out heat treated fish body 1, 2, 3, will with Fig. 6 (a), b fracture loading (N) that the assay method shown in () measures, immersion distance (mm) of plunger, gel strength (g cm) is shown in table 20-1 and table 20-2.

In order to compare, for the untreated fish body 1,2,3 of not heat-treating, measure in the same manner, acquired results is shown in table 20-1 and table 20-2.

Can judge according to table 20-1 and table 20-2, for the boundary biting epidermis broken, as mentioned above, can carry out sense test by judge group membership, can test enter the mouth and bite broken to determine, also can be measured by the method shown in Fig. 6 (a) and (b).It should be noted that, for untreated fish body 1,2,3, fail to rupture.

(embodiment 13)

Make the temperature of hot blast be 450 DEG C, in addition, carry out making the air quantity of hot blast as described below at 200 ~ 450(L/ minute identically with embodiment 12) scope carry out the experiment that changes.The result of this experiment is as follows.

That is, the temperature of hot blast is made to be 450 DEG C, for each air quantity, obtain the translational speed of the boundary biting epidermis broken, link the translational speed biting the boundary of epidermis broken under each air quantity and forming curves 1, then, for each air quantity, obtain the translational speed of the boundary that corium is damaged, linking the translational speed of the impaired boundary of corium under each air quantity and forming curves 2, Tu28Zhong, is (longitudinal axis) with translational speed, be (transverse axis) with the air quantity of hot blast, this experimental result is summarized and described point.

(experimental result)

。

Make the temperature of hot blast be 450 DEG C, the translational speed of scope using the curve 1 shown in Figure 28 and curve 2 to surround and the air quantity of hot blast, can manufacture the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis of the present invention.

Make the temperature of hot blast be 450 DEG C by manufacturing and air quantity 200,300,400,450(L/ minute) under to have carried out heat treated fish body 1,2,3 with the translational speed biting the boundary of epidermis broken and make the temperature of hot blast be 450 DEG C and air quantity 200,300,400,450(L/ minute) under with corium be damaged the translational speed of boundary carried out heat treated fish body 1,2,3 time yield rate (%) and mean value and standard deviation be shown in table 21.

In order to compare, the yield rate (%) when peel manually is manufactured fish body 1,2,3 from epidermis and mean value and standard deviation are also shown in table 21.

Can judge according to table 21, make the temperature of hot blast for 450 DEG C and the translational speed of the scope using the curve 1 shown in Figure 28 and curve 2 to surround and air quantity, with peel manually from epidermis situation compared with, the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis of the present invention can be manufactured with the yield rate of high about 2.9 ~ 3.0%.

Be 450 DEG C for making the temperature of hot blast and air quantity 200,300,400,450(L/ minute) under to have carried out heat treated fish body 1,2,3 with the translational speed biting the boundary of epidermis broken and make the temperature of hot blast be 450 DEG C and air quantity 200,300,400,450(L/ minute) under the translational speed of boundary that is damaged with corium carried out heat treated fish body 1,2,3, the immersion of the fracture loading (N) measured with the assay method shown in Fig. 6 (a) and (b), plunger distance (mm), gel strength (g cm) is shown in table 4-1 and table 4-2.

In order to compare, for the untreated fish body 1,2,3 of not heat-treating, measure in the same manner, acquired results is shown in table 22-1 and table 22-2.

Can judge according to table 22-1 and table 22-2, for the boundary biting epidermis broken, as mentioned above, can carry out sense test by judge group membership, can test enter the mouth and bite broken to determine, also can be measured by the method shown in Fig. 6 (a) and (b).It should be noted that, for untreated fish body 1,2,3, fail to rupture.

(embodiment 14)

Make the temperature of hot blast be 600 DEG C, in addition, carry out making the air quantity of hot blast as described below at 200 ~ 400(L/ minute identically with embodiment 12) scope carry out the experiment that changes.The result of this experiment is as follows.

That is, the temperature of hot blast is made to be 600 DEG C, for each air quantity, obtain the translational speed of the boundary biting epidermis broken, link the translational speed biting the boundary of epidermis broken under each air quantity and forming curves 1, then, for each air quantity, obtain the translational speed of the boundary that corium is damaged, linking the translational speed of the impaired boundary of corium under each air quantity and forming curves 2, Tu29Zhong, is (longitudinal axis) with translational speed, be (transverse axis) with the air quantity of hot blast, this experimental result is summarized and described point.

(experimental result)

。

Make the temperature of hot blast be 600 DEG C, the translational speed of scope using the curve 1 shown in Figure 29 and curve 2 to surround and the air quantity of hot blast, can manufacture the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis of the present invention.

Make the temperature of hot blast be 600 DEG C by manufacturing and air quantity 200,300,400(L/ minute) under to have carried out heat treated fish body 1,2,3 with the translational speed biting the boundary of epidermis broken and make the temperature of hot blast be 600 DEG C and air quantity 200,300,400(L/ minute) under with corium be damaged the translational speed of boundary carried out heat treated fish body 1,2,3 time yield rate (%) and mean value and standard deviation be shown in table 23.

In order to compare, the yield rate (%) when peel manually is manufactured fish body 1,2,3 from epidermis and mean value and standard deviation are also shown in table 23.

Can judge according to table 23, make the temperature of hot blast for 600 DEG C and the translational speed of the scope using the curve 1 shown in Figure 29 and curve 2 to surround and air quantity, with peel manually from epidermis situation compared with, the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis of the present invention can be manufactured with the yield rate of high about 2.9 ~ 3.0%.

Be 600 DEG C for making the temperature of hot blast and air quantity 200,300,400(L/ minute) under to have carried out heat treated fish body 1,2,3 with the translational speed biting the boundary of epidermis broken and make the temperature of hot blast be 600 DEG C and air quantity 200,300,400(L/ minute) under the translational speed of boundary that is damaged with corium carried out heat treated fish body 1,2,3, the immersion of the fracture loading (N) measured with the assay method shown in Fig. 6 (a) and (b), plunger distance (mm), gel strength (g cm) is shown in table 24.

In order to compare, for the untreated fish body 1,2,3 of not heat-treating, measure in the same manner, acquired results is shown in table 24.

Can judge according to table 24, for the boundary biting epidermis broken, as mentioned above, can carry out sense test by judge group membership, can test enter the mouth and bite broken to determine, also can be measured by the method shown in Fig. 6 (a) and (b).It should be noted that, for untreated fish body 1,2,3, fail to rupture.

(embodiment 15)

Make the temperature of hot blast be 750 DEG C, in addition, carry out making the air quantity of hot blast as described below at 200 ~ 300(L/ minute identically with embodiment 12) scope carry out the experiment that changes.The result of this experiment is as follows.

That is, the temperature of hot blast is made to be 750 DEG C, for each air quantity, obtain the translational speed of the boundary biting epidermis broken, link the translational speed biting the boundary of epidermis broken under each air quantity and forming curves 1, then, for each air quantity, obtain the translational speed of the boundary that corium is damaged, linking the translational speed of the impaired boundary of corium under each air quantity and forming curves 2, Tu30Zhong, is (longitudinal axis) with translational speed, be (transverse axis) with the air quantity of hot blast, this experimental result is summarized and described point.

(experimental result)

。

Make the temperature of hot blast be 750 DEG C, the translational speed of scope using the curve 1 shown in Figure 30 and curve 2 to surround and the air quantity of hot blast, can manufacture the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis of the present invention.

Make the temperature of hot blast be 750 DEG C by manufacturing and at air quantity 200,300(L/ minute) under carried out heat treated fish body 1,2,3 with the translational speed biting the boundary of epidermis broken and make the temperature of hot blast be 750 DEG C and at air quantity 200,300(L/ minute) under with corium be damaged the translational speed of boundary carried out heat treated fish body 1,2,3 time yield rate (%) and mean value and standard deviation be shown in table 25.

In order to compare, the yield rate (%) when peel manually is manufactured fish body 1,2,3 from epidermis and mean value and standard deviation are also shown in table 25.

Can judge according to table 25, make the temperature of hot blast for 750 DEG C and the translational speed of the scope using the curve 1 shown in Figure 30 and curve 2 to surround and air quantity, with peel manually from epidermis situation compared with, the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis of the present invention can be manufactured with the yield rate of high about 3.1%.

Be 750 DEG C for making the temperature of hot blast and at air quantity 200,300(L/ minute) under carried out heat treated fish body 1,2,3 with the translational speed biting the boundary of epidermis broken and make the temperature of hot blast be 750 DEG C and at air quantity 200,300(L/ minute) under the translational speed of boundary that is damaged with corium carried out heat treated fish body 1,2,3, the immersion of the fracture loading (N) measured with the assay method shown in Fig. 6 (a) and (b), plunger distance (mm), gel strength (g cm) is shown in table 26.

In order to compare, for the untreated fish body 1,2,3 of not heat-treating, measure in the same manner, acquired results is shown in table 26.

Can judge according to table 26, for the boundary biting epidermis broken, as mentioned above, can carry out sense test by judge group membership, can test enter the mouth and bite broken to determine, also can be measured by the method shown in Fig. 6 (a) and (b).It should be noted that, for untreated fish body 1,2,3, fail to rupture.

(embodiment 16)

In embodiment 15, employ the nozzle of (distance of nozzle width: 8cm, nozzle depth: 15mm, spray nozzle front end and processed goods is about 5mm), but use the nozzle of (distance of nozzle width: 8cm, nozzle depth: 10mm, spray nozzle front end and processed goods is about 5mm) in embodiment 16, in addition, carry out making the air quantity of hot blast at 200 ~ 300(L/ minute identically with embodiment 15) scope carry out the experiment that changes.The result of this experiment is as follows.

Namely, the temperature of hot blast is made to be 750 DEG C, for each air quantity, obtain the translational speed of the boundary biting epidermis broken, link the translational speed biting the boundary of epidermis broken under each air quantity and forming curves 1, then, for each air quantity, obtain the translational speed of the boundary that corium is damaged, linking the translational speed of the impaired boundary of corium under each air quantity and forming curves 2, Tu31Zhong, is (longitudinal axis) with translational speed, be (transverse axis) with the air quantity of hot blast, this experimental result is summarized and described point (representing with triangle).

Make the temperature of hot blast be 750 DEG C, the translational speed of scope using the curve 1 shown in Figure 31 and curve 2 to surround and the air quantity of hot blast, can prepare the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis of the present invention.

Also carried out summing up and described point (representing by square symbols) to the result of embodiment 15 in Figure 31, thus can compare embodiment 15 and embodiment 16.

Figure 32 is the key diagram be described width and the depth of the nozzle 13-1 of hot air apparatus 12-1.14-1 represents warm air curtain, and 1 represents fresh fish raw material, and 11 represent raw material mobile device.Nozzle 13-1 shown in Figure 32 and raw material mobile device 11(conveyer) the distance thickness that is set to fresh fish raw material 1 add about 5mm.

(experimental result)

。

The scope that the scope surround the curve 1 of the embodiment 15 shown in Figure 31 and curve 2 and the curve 1 of embodiment 16 and curve 2 surround compares, the curve 1 of embodiment 16 is above the curve 1 of embodiment 15, and thus the scope that surrounds of the curve 1 of embodiment 16 and curve 2 is larger compared with the situation of embodiment 15.Can judge the little person of the depth of nozzle 13 thus, disposal ability uprises.Think this is because, even if under identical air quantity, because aperture area diminishes, thus wind speed becomes large.But if make aperture area too small, then the resistance of nozzle 13-1 becomes large, and energy loss becomes large, and loss becomes large, or accumulation of heat or damage and become large, the reason of fault may be become.

Figure 33 (a) is the cross sectional microscopy photo before thaw freezing mackerel and the epidermis of fresh fish raw material that obtains that use in embodiment being peeled off.

The sample of cross sectional microscopy photo, as earlier figures 6(a) shown in, be cut 3 uses with 1cm width continuously from being the position of 5cm apart from the head side 22 of hacking 21.Identical below.

Cross sectional microscopy photo uses the マイ Network ロスコープ VHX-500 of キーエ Application ス society as device, doubly carries out photograph obtain photo with multiplying power 100.Identical below.

In Figure 33 (a), 2 represent epidermis (292 μm), and 3 represent corium (57 μm), and 4 represent fat deposit (925 μm), and 5 represent muscle layer.

Figure 33 (b) is the cross sectional microscopy photo after thaw freezing mackerel and the epidermis hand of the fresh fish raw material obtained that use in embodiment being peeled off well.

In Figure 33 (b), 2 represent epidermis (38 μm), and 3 represent corium (61 μm), and 4 represent fat deposit (721 μm), and 5 represent muscle layer.

Figure 33 (c) be by use in embodiment thaw freezing mackerel and the epidermis hand of the fresh fish raw material obtained bad peel off after cross sectional microscopy photo.

In Figure 33 (c), there is no epidermis 2(0 μm), 3 represent corium (57 μm), and 4 represent fat deposit (1013 μm), and 5 represent muscle layer.Epidermis 2 can peeling, but chap in the surface of corium 3, appearance damage.

Figure 34 (a) is the cross sectional microscopy photo possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention that the translational speed of the scope making the temperature of hot blast for 450 DEG C in embodiment 13 and use the curve 1 shown in Figure 28 and curve 2 to surround and air quantity are heat-treated and obtained.

In Figure 34 (a), 2-1 represents edible epidermis (284 μm), and 3 represent corium (40 μm), and 4 represent fat deposit (976 μm), and 5 represent muscle layer.Can be confirmed by Figure 34 (a), the corium 3 of the bottom of epidermis 2 is not impaired, and only epidermis 2 changes edible epidermis 2-1 into through heat treatment.

Figure 34 (b) is the cross sectional microscopy photo possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis of the present invention that the translational speed of the scope making the temperature of hot blast for 750 DEG C in embodiment 15 and use the curve 1 shown in Figure 30 and curve 2 to surround and air quantity are heat-treated and obtained.

In Figure 34 (b), 2-1 represents edible epidermis (116 μm), and 3 represent corium (57 μm), and 4 represent fat deposit (663 μm), and 5 represent muscle layer.Can be confirmed by Figure 34 (b), the corium 3 of the bottom of epidermis 2 is not impaired, and only epidermis 2 changes edible epidermis 2-1 into through heat treatment.

Industrial applicability

The feature that epidermis of the present invention steams the fresh fish removing fresh fish or possess edible epidermis is, the laser beam of the selection wavelength preset or hot blast are carried out making imperial whole of epidermis being also supplied to fresh fish raw material successively equably and obtain by it, the corium of the bottom of aforementioned epidermis is not impaired, only aforementioned epidermis steams through heat treatment except or changes edible epidermis into, the original outward appearance of fresh fish raw material, freshness, taste are maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, though under raw state also edible;

Use fresh fish raw material or frozen fish raw material, in the situation of fresh fish raw material then using it directly as raw material, in the situation of frozen fish raw material then using the thaw fish of thawing as raw material, achieve following remarkable result: wholesomely through heat treatment, the corium of the bottom of epidermis is not impaired, only aforementioned epidermis is through steaming except or changing edible epidermis into, the original outward appearance of fresh fish raw material, freshness, original taste are maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, though under raw state also edible;

Manufacturing method according to the invention, can realize following remarkable result: wholesomely easily can manufacture epidermis of the present invention with high finished product rate and steam except fresh fish or the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis;

According to manufacturing installation of the present invention, achieve following remarkable result: can obstructed remarkable hand and wholesomely with high finished product rate, easily manufacture epidermis of the present invention and steam except fresh fish or the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis, the value therefore in industry is high.

Symbol description

1 fresh fish raw material

2 epidermises

The edible epidermis of 2-1

3 corium

4 fat deposits

5 muscle layers

6 kitchen knives

7 containers

8 edible medicines

9 infrared heaters

10,10-1,10-2,10-3,10-4,10-5 manufacturing installation of the present invention

11,11-1,11-2 raw material mobile device

12 laser beam generating means

12-1,12-2 hot air generator

13 scanner unit

13-1 nozzle

13-2 gas nozzle

14 laser beams

14-1 warm air curtain

15 raw material checkout equipments

16,16-1 control device

17 product withdrawing devices

18 vacuum packaging equipments

19 steam except fresh fish through vacuum-packed epidermis

19-1 is through the vacuum-packed fresh fish possessing edible epidermis

20 epidermises steam except fresh fish

20-1 possesses the fresh fish of edible epidermis

21 hack

22 sides

23 plungers

24 samples

25 moving directions

26 burners

27 bluster

27-1 bluster curtain

28 fans

The Breadth Maximum of the fresh fish raw material of a

The width of b warm air curtain.

Claims

1. epidermis steams except fresh fish or the fresh fish possessing edible epidermis, it is characterized in that, its whole of epidermis laser beam of the selection wavelength preset or hot blast being controlled in fresh fish raw material also supplies equably successively and obtains, the corium of the bottom of described epidermis is not impaired, only described epidermis has carried out through heat treatment steaming except or changing edible epidermis into, the original outward appearance of fresh fish raw material, freshness, taste are maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, though under raw state also edible.

2. fresh fish according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described fresh fish raw material is the fresh fish raw material obtained that thawed by freezing fresh fish raw material.

3. epidermis steams the manufacture method of the fresh fish removing fresh fish or possess edible epidermis, the corium of the bottom of the epidermis of described fresh fish is not impaired, only described epidermis has carried out through heat treatment steaming except or changing edible epidermis into, the original outward appearance of fresh fish raw material, freshness, taste are maintained, taste, mouthfeel are excellent, even if also edible under raw state, the feature of described manufacture method is, at least comprise the steps (1) ~ (2), and comprise the steps (3) ~ (4) as required

(2) raw material prepared in step (1) is placed in raw material mobile device, for the described raw material of the speed movement controlled as regulation, on the direction crossing with moving direction, the laser beam of the in check selection wavelength preset supplied by laser beam generating means or hot air generator or hot blast are controlled in whole of its epidermis and continuous place is irradiated or blows in the mode of warm air curtain, by this whole face of its epidermis is supplied successively equably to the thermal energy of ormal weight, when not damaging the corium of bottom of described epidermis, only described epidermis heat-treated and make it to steam the step removing or change into edible epidermis,

(3) step that the product product withdrawing device making it to steam except or change into edible epidermis by only heat-treating described epidermis in step (2) takes out;

4. manufacture method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, use described laser beam generating means, the laser beam of the selection wavelength preset occurred by described laser beam generating means is delivered to scanner unit, and with the speed of the scanner preset while the enterprising line scanning in the direction crossing with moving direction, be controlled in whole of its epidermis and laser beam is irradiated in continuous place, by this whole face of epidermis is supplied successively equably to the thermal energy of regulation, when not damaging the corium of bottom of described epidermis, only steam except described epidermis, when carrying out this heat treatment, the thermal energy supplying the irreducible minimum that the mouthfeel of described epidermis is disappeared processes, or the thermal energy that supply is about to the maximum limit before burning processes, or supply exceed the thermal energy of described irreducible minimum and the thermal energy being less than the scope of the thermal energy of described maximum limit to implement described step (2).

5. manufacture method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in described step (2), supply energy density is 0.036 ~ 0.109(W/mm ²) the thermal energy of scope, when not damaging the corium of bottom of described epidermis, only described epidermis being steamed and removing.

6. the manufacture method described in claim 4 or 5, is characterized in that, the laser beam of described selection wavelength is the laser beam of wavelength 3 ~ 15 μm.

7. manufacture method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, use described hot air generator, on the direction crossing with moving direction, be that the temperature of regulation and the warm air curtain of air quantity are controlled in whole of its epidermis and blow continuously by the control that the nozzle by described hot air generator sprays, by this whole face of epidermis is supplied successively equably to the thermal energy of regulation, when not damaging the corium of bottom of described epidermis, only described epidermis heat-treated and make it to become edible epidermis, now, change the translational speed of described raw material in advance, the temperature of hot blast and the air quantity of hot blast, obtain display only described epidermis to be heat-treated and change the curve 1 of the boundary of edible epidermis into and display can when not damaging corium only to the curve 2 of the boundary that described epidermis is heat-treated, and use the translational speed in the scope that surrounded by curve obtained 1 and curve 2, the temperature of hot blast and the air quantity of hot blast implement described step (2).

8. the epidermis described in claim 1 or 2 steams the manufacturing installation except fresh fish, it is characterized in that,

At least possess: load fresh fish raw material and make it the raw material mobile device of movement; Detect the raw material checkout equipment that the fresh fish raw material being placed in described raw material mobile device and movement has arrived assigned position; Laser beam generating means; The laser beam occurred by described laser beam generating means is controlled in while the enterprising line scanning in the direction crossing with moving direction whole of the epidermis of fresh fish raw material and the place scanner unit of irradiating continuously; Control device; And product withdrawing device as required and vacuum packaging equipment;

Described control device carries out comprising following control: receive from described raw material checkout equipment the signal that fresh fish raw material has arrived assigned position, described laser beam generating means is sent to the signal of the laser beam of the selection wavelength preset, and to described scanner unit send with the speed of the scanner preset the laser beam carried by laser beam generating means is controlled in while the enterprising line scanning in the direction crossing with moving direction fresh fish raw material whole of epidermis and continuously place irradiate thus supply the signal of the thermal energy of regulation successively equably, carry out the laser scanner operation of the time preset, only described epidermis is steamed when not damaging the corium of bottom of described epidermis and remove.

9. the manufacturing installation possessing the fresh fish of edible epidermis described in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that,

At least possess: load fresh fish raw material and make it the raw material mobile device of movement; Detect the raw material checkout equipment that the raw material being placed in described raw material mobile device and movement has arrived assigned position; Control is made to be that the temperature of regulation and air quantity and the hot blast that occurs are from nozzle ejection and with the hot air generator that the form control of warm air curtain blows continuously in whole of the epidermis of described raw material on the direction crossing with moving direction; Control device; And product withdrawing device as required and vacuum packaging equipment;

Described control device carries out comprising following control: send signal to raw material mobile device and carry with the translational speed preset to make described raw material, receive from described raw material checkout equipment the signal that described raw material has arrived assigned position simultaneously, the signal of the hot blast of temperature and the air quantity preset is sent to described hot air generator, the direction crossing with moving direction will control as the temperature of regulation and the warm air curtain of air quantity are controlled in whole of the epidermis of described raw material and blow continuously from the nozzle of described hot air generator, by this whole face of epidermis is supplied successively equably to the thermal energy of regulation, when not damaging the corium of bottom of described epidermis, only described epidermis heat-treated and make it to change edible epidermis into.