CN105093256B - 一种射线检测基板及其制造方法和射线探测器 - Google Patents

一种射线检测基板及其制造方法和射线探测器 Download PDF

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CN105093256B
CN105093256B CN201510369712.5A CN201510369712A CN105093256B CN 105093256 B CN105093256 B CN 105093256B CN 201510369712 A CN201510369712 A CN 201510369712A CN 105093256 B CN105093256 B CN 105093256B
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郭炜
刘兴东
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种射线检测基板及其制造方法和射线探测器,该射线检测基板包括:衬底基板、形成于衬底基板上的薄膜晶体管和信号存储单元;所述薄膜晶体管包括依次形成于所述衬底基板上的栅极、绝缘层、有源层、源极、漏极和钝化层;所述信号存储单元包括存储电容,所述存储电容的第一极在所述绝缘层上形成,并与所述漏极搭接;所述存储电容的第二极连接接地线;所述钝化层在所述源极、所述漏极、所述第一电极、所述接地线上形成。本发明通过第一电极与漏极搭接形式、第二电极与接地线通过第一过孔连接、第三电极通过第二过孔连接第一电极等方式,有效减少掩膜使用次数,简化了射线检测基板生产的加工工艺,降低了生产成本。

Description

一种射线检测基板及其制造方法和射线探测器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种射线检测基板及其制造方法,属于半导体器件制造技术领域。
背景技术
X射线检测广泛应用于医疗、安全、无损检测、科研等领域,在国计民生中日益发挥着重要作用。目前,比较常见的X射线检测技术是20世纪90年代末出现的X射线数字照相(Digital Radiography,DR)检测技术。X射线数字照相系统中使用了平板探测器(flatpanel detector),其像元尺寸可小于0.1mm,因而其成像质量及分辨率几乎可与胶片照相媲美,同时还克服了胶片照相中表现出来的缺点,也为图像的计算机处理提供了方便。根据电子转换模式的不同,数字化X射线照相检测可分为直接转换型(Direct DR)和间接转换型(Indirect DR)两种类型。
直接转化型X射线平板探测器由射线接收器、命令处理器和电源组成。射线接收器中包含有闪烁晶体屏(Gd202S或CsI)、大面积非晶硅传感器阵列以及读出电路等。如图1所示,闪烁晶体屏将X射线光子转换成可见光,与其紧贴的大规模集成非晶硅传感器阵列将屏上的可见光转换成电子,然后由读出电路将其数字化,传送到计算机中形成可显示的数字图像。
具体地,如图1所示,现有的直接转化型X射线探测器,包括与电源1连接的电极板2、依序设置于电极板2一侧的绝缘板3、非晶硅半导体层4、电子阻塞层5、电荷采集层6和设置于基层中的采集电路8。如图2、图3所示,非晶硅半导体层4将透过电极板2、绝缘板3的X射线9的光子转换成可见光,并将可见光转换成电子由电极板810(图1中电荷采集层6)读取并传输至采集单路8放大后输出。采集电路8包括存储电容Cst(第一极807和第二极809)、晶体管和与存储电容第一极807连接的电极板810,存储电容第二极809连接接地线820。晶体管的源极814连接存储电容第一极807和电极板810。晶体管的漏极824连接放大器。制作直接转化型X射线探测器时,需要在基板7上形成栅极801、绝缘层802、有源层814、源极814、接地线820、漏极824、第一钝化层806、存储电容第一极807、第二钝化层808、存储电容第二极809、平坦化层800和电极板810。此过程需要10-12次掩膜板工序。现有的制作方法工序复杂,使用掩膜板次数较多,生产加工成本较高。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是:如何简化射线检测基板的加工工艺,减少掩模版使用次数。
为实现上述的发明目的,本发明提供一种射线检测基板、射线探测器及射线检测基板制造方法。
一方面,本发明提供一种射线检测基板,包括:衬底基板、形成于衬底基板上的薄膜晶体管和信号存储单元;
所述薄膜晶体管包括栅极、绝缘层、有源层、源极、漏极和钝化层;
所述信号存储单元包括存储电容,所述存储电容的第一电极在所述绝缘层上形成,并与所述漏极搭接;所述存储电容的第二电极连接接地线;
所述钝化层在所述源极、所述漏极、所述第一电极、所述接地线上形成。
其中较优地,所述第一电极是由透明导电材料制成。
其中较优地,所述第二电极是透明导电材料制成。
其中较优地,所述钝化层设置有至少部分地露出所述接地线的第一过孔,所述第二电极通过所述第一过孔与所述接地线连接。
其中较优地,还包括钝化层上形成所述平坦化层、第三电极,所述第三电极在所述平坦化层上形成;
所述第三电极通过在所述平坦化层、所述钝化层上形成有至少部分地露出所述第一电极的第二过孔与所述第一电极连接。
其中较优地,所述接地线与所述源极、所述漏极使用相同材料同步形成。
另一方面,本发明提供一种射线探测器,所述射线探测器包括上述的射线检测基板。
另一方面,本发明提供一种射线检测基板的制造方法,所述射线检测基板包括衬底基板、形成于衬底基板上的薄膜晶体管和信号存储单元;
所述薄膜晶体管包括栅极、绝缘层、有源层、源极、漏极和钝化层;
所述信号存储单元包括存储电容,所述存储电容包括第一电极;
所述方法包括如下步骤:
依次在所述衬底基板上形成所述栅极、所述绝缘层、所述有源层、所述源极、所述漏极和所述接地线;
在所述绝缘层上形成所述第一电极并与所述漏极搭接;
在所述源漏极、所述第一电极、所述接地线上形成所述钝化层。
其中较优地,所述源极、所述漏极与所述接地线使用相同材料同步形成。
其中较优地,所述存储电容还包括第二电极,所述方法还包括形成第二电极层的步骤,具体包括:
在所述钝化层上形成有至少部分地露出所述接地线的第一过孔,在所述钝化层上、所述第一过孔域形成所述第二电极与所述接地线接触。
其中较优地,还包括依次在所述钝化层上形成所述平坦化层、所述第三电极的步骤。
其中较优地,所述形成第三电极的步骤具体包括:
在在所述平坦化层、所述钝化层上形成有至少部分地露出所述第一电极的第二过孔,在所述平坦化层、所述第二过孔形成与所述第一电极接触的所述第三电极。
本发明提供的射线检测基板及其制造方法和射线探测器,通过第一电极与漏极搭接形式、第二电极与接地线通过第一过孔连接、第三电极通过第二过孔连接第一电极等方式,有效减少掩膜使用次数,简化了射线检测基板生产的加工工艺,降低了生产成本。
附图说明
图1是现有技术中,X射线探测器原理图;
图2是现有技术中,X射线探测器等效电路图;
图3是现有技术,X射线检测基板结构示意图;
图4是本发明射线检测基板结构示意图;
图5是本发明射线检测基板制造方法流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。
如图4所示,本发明提供一种射线检测基板,该射线检测基板包括:衬底基板7、形成于衬底基板7上的薄膜晶体管81和信号存储单元;薄膜晶体管81包括依次形成于衬底基板7上的栅极801、绝缘层802、有源层803、源极814、漏极824和钝化层806;信号存储单元包括存储电容85,存储电容85的第一电极807在绝缘层802上形成,并与漏极824搭接;存储电容85的第二极809连接接地线820;钝化层806在源极814、漏极824、第一电极807、接地线820上形成。在本发明中,第一电极807直接在绝缘层802上形成,并与漏极824搭接避免了第一电极807设置在两个钝化层之间将原来的两个钝化层合为一层钝化层806,省去了单独形成过孔的掩膜板工艺。应该理解,图4中示出的第一电极807为分开的两部分只是在该截面处如此,其实际上为整体第一电极图案中相连的两部分,也可以将接地线820右移,从而在截面图中第一电极807也为一个整体。在本发明中,该射线检测基板不仅可以应用于X射线探测还可以应用于其它射线探测,应用到其它射线探测时,该检测基板的机构和功能基本相同。下面以X射线检测基板为例对本发明提供的射线检测基板展开详细的说明。
如图4所示,在本发明中,存储电容85的第一电极807和第二电极809优选是透明导电薄膜,在选材时优选为铟锡氧化物或铟锌氧化物。当然可以理解,本发明不仅限于此,第二电极809可以采用金属或其他不透明的导电电极制作。由于第一电极807搭接在漏极824上,为了防止在形成第一电极807时的刻蚀液把位于第一电极807下的源极814和漏极824刻蚀掉,因此最好选择第一电极807的材料为刻蚀时其所用刻蚀液不会将源极814和漏极824刻蚀掉的材料,而例如为铟锡氧化物或铟锌氧化物的透明导电薄膜材料所用刻蚀液一般不会刻蚀为金属材料的源极814和漏极824。
如图4所示,在本发明中,射线检测基板的接地线820与源极814、漏极824使用相同材料同步形成。通过这种设置节约了单独形成接地线的掩膜板工艺。优选在接地线820对应的位置,在钝化层806上形成有至少部分地露出所述接地线的第一过孔811,存储电容85的第二电极809通过第一过孔811与接地线820连接。因此,本发明直接在钝化层806上形成第一过孔811与接地线820连接,简化了加工工序。
如图4、图5所示,在本发明中,为进一步使射线探测器表面平滑,需要填平形成的钝化层806表面和形成第三电极时留下的第一过孔811。因此,本发明提供的射线检测基板,还包括钝化层806上形成的平坦化层800。优选地,在钝化层806上还设置有采集电荷的第三电极810,第三电极810在平坦化层800上形成;为了尽可能地减少加工工序,在形成第三电极810时,通过在第一电极807对应的位置在平坦化层800、钝化层806上形成有至少部分地露出所述第一电极807的第二过孔822,第三电极810通过第二过孔822与第一电极807连接。在此可以少使用一次掩膜板工艺,进一步简化了加工工序。在本发明中,平坦化层800优选采用树脂制作,平坦化层800优选为树脂层。
为进一步体现本发明提供的射线检测基板的优越性,本发明还提供一种射线探测器,该射线探测器包括上述的射线检测基板。
为进一步体现本发明提供的射线检测基板的优越性,本发明还提供一种上述射线检测基板的制造方法,射线检测基板包括衬底基板7、形成于衬底基板7上的薄膜晶体管81和信号存储单元;薄膜晶体管81包括依次形成于衬底基板7上的栅极801、绝缘层802、有源层803、源极814、漏极824和钝化层806;信号存储单元包括存储电容85,存储电容85包括第一电极;该方法包括如下步骤:依次在衬底基板7上形成栅极801、绝缘层802、有源层803、源漏极824和接地线820;在绝缘层802上形成第一电极807并与漏极824搭接;在源漏极824、第一电极807、接地线820上形成钝化层806。在本发明中,第一电极807直接在绝缘层802上形成,并且其与漏极824搭接避免了第一电极807设置在两层钝化层之间,并且不需要通过在钝化层806上形成过孔与漏极824连接。将原来的两层钝化层合为一层钝化层806,省去了单独形成过孔的掩膜板工艺。下面对本发明提供的射线检测基板制作方法展开详细的说明。
在本发明中,在制作射线检测基板时,形成源极814、漏极824的同时也使用相同材料同步形成了接地线820。通过这种设置省去了单独形成接地线820的掩膜板工艺。该射线检测基板的存储电容85还包括第二电极809,对应地,射线检测基板制作方法还包括形成第二电极809的步骤,具体包括:在接地线820对应的位置,在钝化层806上形成有至少部分地露出所述接地线的第一过孔811,在钝化层806上、第一过孔811形成与接地线820接触的第二电极809。本发明直接在钝化层806上形成第一过孔811与接地线820连接,简化了加工工序。
为进一步使射线探测器表面平滑,需要填平形成的钝化层806表面和形成第三电极810时留下的第一过孔811。因此,本发明提供的射线检测基板,还包括钝化层806上形成的平坦化层800的步骤。还包括依次在钝化层806上形成平坦化层800、第三电极810的步骤。形成第三电极810的步骤具体包括:在第一电极807对应的位置在平坦化层800、钝化层806上形成有至少部分地露出所述第一电极807的第二过孔822,在平坦化层800、第二过孔822形成第三电极810与第一电极807接触。在本发明中,平坦化层800优选采用树脂制作,平坦化层800优选为树脂层。
综上所述,本发明提供的射线检测基板及其制造方法和射线探测器,通过第一电极与漏极搭接形式、第二电极与接地线通过第一过孔连接、第三电极通过第二过孔连接第一电极等方式,有效减少掩膜使用次数,简化了射线检测基板生产的加工工艺,降低了生产成本。
以上实施方式仅用于说明本发明,而并非对本发明的限制,有关技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,还可以做出各种变化和变型,因此所有等同的技术方案也属于本发明的范畴,本发明的专利保护范围应由权利要求限定。

Claims (12)

1.一种射线检测基板,其特征在于,包括:衬底基板、形成于衬底基板上的薄膜晶体管和信号存储单元;
所述薄膜晶体管包括栅极、绝缘层、有源层、源极、漏极和钝化层;
所述信号存储单元包括存储电容,所述存储电容的第一电极在所述绝缘层上形成,并与所述漏极搭接;所述存储电容的第二电极连接接地线;
所述钝化层在所述源极、所述漏极、所述第一电极、所述接地线上形成。
2.如权利要求1所述的射线检测基板,其特征在于,所述第一电极是由透明导电材料制成。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的射线检测基板,其特征在于,所述第二电极是透明导电材料制成。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的射线检测基板,其特征在于,所述钝化层设置有至少部分地露出所述接地线的第一过孔,所述第二电极通过所述第一过孔与所述接地线连接。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的射线检测基板,其特征在于,还包括钝化层上形成平坦化层、第三电极,所述第三电极在所述平坦化层上形成;
所述第三电极通过在所述平坦化层、所述钝化层上形成有至少部分地露出所述第一电极的第二过孔与所述第一电极连接。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的射线检测基板,其特征在于,所述接地线与所述源极、所述漏极使用相同材料同步形成。
7.一种射线探测器,其特征在于,所述射线探测器包括权利要求1-6任意一项所述的射线检测基板。
8.一种射线检测基板的制造方法,其特征在于,所述射线检测基板包括衬底基板、形成于衬底基板上的薄膜晶体管和信号存储单元;
所述薄膜晶体管包括栅极、绝缘层、有源层、源极、漏极和钝化层;
所述信号存储单元包括存储电容,所述存储电容包括第一电极;
所述方法包括如下步骤:
依次在所述衬底基板上形成所述栅极、所述绝缘层、所述有源层、所述源极、所述漏极和接地线;
在所述绝缘层上形成所述第一电极并与所述漏极搭接;
在所述源极、所述漏极、所述第一电极、所述接地线上形成所述钝化层。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,所述源极、所述漏极与所述接地线使用相同材料同步形成。
10.如权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,所述存储电容还包括第二电极,所述方法还包括形成第二电极层的步骤,具体包括:
在所述钝化层上形成有至少部分地露出所述接地线的第一过孔,在所述钝化层上、所述第一过孔域形成所述第二电极与所述接地线接触。
11.如权利要求8-10任意一项所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括依次在所述钝化层上形成平坦化层、第三电极的步骤。
12.如权利要求11所述的方法,其特征在于,所述形成第三电极的步骤具体包括:
在在所述平坦化层、所述钝化层上形成有至少部分地露出所述第一电极的第二过孔,在所述平坦化层、所述第二过孔形成与所述第一电极接触的所述第三电极。
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