CN105093174B - A kind of location algorithm based on the 2.5G wireless network signal profits and losses - Google Patents
A kind of location algorithm based on the 2.5G wireless network signal profits and losses Download PDFInfo
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- CN105093174B CN105093174B CN201510548065.4A CN201510548065A CN105093174B CN 105093174 B CN105093174 B CN 105093174B CN 201510548065 A CN201510548065 A CN 201510548065A CN 105093174 B CN105093174 B CN 105093174B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/06—Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/0257—Hybrid positioning
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/0273—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves using multipath or indirect path propagation signals in position determination
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/14—Determining absolute distances from a plurality of spaced points of known location
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
- H04W64/003—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management locating network equipment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of location algorithm based on the 2.5G wireless network signal profits and losses.The algorithm includes：Calculate the loss of mobile terminal and the base station antenna gain that signal transmits in 2.5G wireless networks and signal；The estimation coordinate value of the mobile terminal to be communicated with each base station；By estimating coordinate value and coordinate value information with each base station of communication of mobile terminal, average distance evaluated error is calculated；Foundation antenna gain, loss and average distance evaluated error and base station density, the coordinate value of several mobile terminals is calculated；The coordinate value of several mobile terminals is summed, then it is average, the true coordinate value of mobile terminal is obtained, the positioning in the case of realizing based on the 2.5G wireless network signal profits and losses to mobile terminal.The algorithm is based on the profit and loss for having taken into full account signal appeared in transmitting procedure, more accurate positioning, is applicable not only to open air, also has good locating effect indoors.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates particularly to a kind of location algorithm based on the 2.5G wireless network signal profits and losses.
Background technology
At present, the positioning for mobile terminal typically uses GPS positioning technology, but due to GPS positioning technology excessively according to
Rely mobile terminal performance, i.e., satellite scanned, captured, pseudo range signals receive and the work such as positions calculations combines in terminal all over the body, from
And cause location sensitivity is low, time-consuming and terminal power consumption amount is big etc. defect；Also, the GPS positioning technology is only at family
Outer operating is better, but indoors or the local effect that can not cover of satellite-signal is poor, and if position overhead
Without more than 3 satellites, system can not just be realized from cold start and positioned.
In addition to GPS positioning technology, also positioned using three side positioning modes, the three sides location algorithm is according to 3
The known coordinate of reference mode and they arrive unknown node distance, the method calculated unknown node coordinate；But
This method does not account for the gain situation of loss problem and directional aerial of the signal in transmitting procedure, causes, 2.5G without
In gauze network, the location algorithm is unable to meet demand, and positioning precision is not high.
The content of the invention
The above-mentioned problems in the prior art is directed to, it is an object of the invention to provide one kind to be based on 2.5G wireless networks
The location algorithm of the signal profit and loss, solves the positioning precision caused by antenna gain, loss of signal in 2.5G wireless networks
The problem of not high and location sensitivity is low.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of location algorithm based on the 2.5G wireless network signal profits and losses is provided, including：
Mobile terminal and the base station antenna gain that signal transmits in 2.5G wireless networks are obtained, and is transmitted across in signal
Caused loss in journey；
The base station for selecting several to be communicated with mobile terminal in 2.5G wireless networks, estimation mobile terminal with it is each
The distance between base station of selection；According to the distance value of each estimation, using weighted mass center algorithm, obtain carrying out with each base station
The estimation coordinate value of the mobile terminal of communication；
Believe by the estimation coordinate value of the mobile terminal and with the coordinate value of each base station of the communication of mobile terminal
Breath, is calculated the average distance evaluated error between the mobile terminal and base station；
Missed according to the antenna gain of signal transmission, loss between the mobile terminal and base station, and average distance estimation
Difference and base station density, the coordinate value of the mobile terminal to be communicated with each base station is calculated；
The coordinate value of several mobile terminals is summed, then it is average, the true coordinate value of the mobile terminal is obtained,
Positioning in the case of realizing based on the 2.5G wireless network signal profits and losses to mobile terminal.
The method for the antenna gain that signal transmits is between mobile terminal and base station in the acquisition 2.5G wireless networks：
The antenna gain G (dBi) that signal transmits between mobile terminal and base station is calculated using following equation：
G (dBi)=10lg { 50000/ (2 θ 3dB, E × 2 θ 3dB, H) }
Wherein, 2 θ 3dB, E and 2 θ 3dB, H are respectively lobe width of the antenna on two principal planes, 50000 be
The empirical data counted in 2.5G wireless networks.
The method of caused loss is in signals transmission between the acquisition mobile terminal and base station：
Signal caused loss BD (d) in transmitting procedure is calculated using following equation：
Wherein, BD (d) is that signal is transferred through the path loss after distance d；For signal be transferred through unit away from
Path loss from after；K is path interference factor；5 be the constant numerical value of signal in 2.5G wireless networks；Dx is 2.5G wireless networks
The receiving power of network, dy are the transmission power of 2.5G wireless networks；β is 2.5G wireless network amendment constant numerical value, is 1.342.
The distance value that the basis is each estimated, using weighted mass center algorithm, obtain the mobile end with each base station communication
The detailed process of the estimation coordinate value at end is：
The mobile terminal selects i base station from the base station that can be communicated, and estimates mobile terminal and each base
The distance between stand, according to each distance value estimated, the mobile terminal with each base station communication is calculated using following equation
Estimation coordinate value
Wherein,For mobile terminal and the estimation coordinate of the mobile terminal of selected each base station communication
Value；diFor the distance of the mobile terminal that estimates to i-th of base station；(xmi, ymi) for the coordinate value of i-th base station.
Believe by the estimation coordinate value of the mobile terminal and with the coordinate value of each base station of the communication of mobile terminal
Breath, the method that the average distance evaluated error between the mobile terminal and base station is calculated are：
Average distance evaluated error between mobile terminal and base station is calculated using following equation
Wherein,For average distance evaluated error；N is algorithm performs number.
Missed according to the antenna gain of signal transmission, loss between the mobile terminal and base station, and average distance estimation
Difference and base station density, the method that the coordinate value of the mobile terminal to be communicated with each base station is calculated are：
Coordinate value (the X of the mobile terminal to be communicated with some base station is calculated by following equationi, Yi)：
Wherein, G (dBi) is antenna gain；BD (d) is loss of the signal in transmitting procedure；Estimate for average distance
Error；DA is base station density；(xmi, ymi) for the coordinate value of i-th base station.
The base station density is calculated by following equation：
Wherein, AQ is the quantity of the base station of selection；NQ can be with the quantity of the base station of communication of mobile terminal for non-selected.
The coordinate value of several mobile terminals is summed, then it is average, obtain the true coordinate value of the mobile terminal
Method be：
True coordinate (the X of mobile terminal is calculated by following equationdst, Ydst)：
Wherein, (Xdst, Ydst) be mobile terminal true coordinate value；(Xi, Yi) it is to be led to each selected base station
The coordinate value of the mobile terminal of letter.
The signal caused loss in transmitting procedure is produced by being influenceed by weather or barrier.
The network for the base station that the location algorithm of the 2.5G wireless network signal profits and losses of the present invention receives according to mobile terminal
Signal parameter, it is contemplated that antenna gain and signal in 2.5G wireless networks are in transmitting procedure by weather and/or obstacle
It is lost caused by the influence of thing etc., above-mentioned antenna gain and loss of signal is calculated, further according to antenna gain, loss and base
Stand density, obtain the coordinate value of mobile terminal in the case of mobile terminal and a base station communication, further according to mobile terminal with it is multiple
During base station communication, the overlapped situation of communication coverage, mobile terminal and the coordinate of multiple base stations are summed, and be averaged
Value, finally realizes the positioning to mobile terminal；The algorithm is based on the damage for having taken into full account signal appeared in transmitting procedure
Benefit, more accurate positioning, open air is applicable not only to, also there is good locating effect indoors.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of one embodiment of the location algorithm based on the 2.5G wireless network signal profits and losses of the present invention.
Embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the specific embodiment of the invention and
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described corresponding accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the flow chart using the location algorithm based on the 2.5G wireless network signal profits and losses of the present invention
S100；Flow chart S100 includes step S101 to step S105；
In step S101, the antenna gain that mobile terminal carries out signal transmission with base station in 2.5G wireless networks is obtained
And loss；The directional aerial of high-gain must be used in 2.5G wireless networks, antenna main lobe width is narrower, and gain is higher,
Under specific power, the scope of its higher radiation of gain is bigger；
According to one embodiment of the application, in the signals transmission of mobile terminal and base station, first, signal is calculated
Antenna gain in 2.5G wireless network transmissions, antenna gain G (dBi) can be calculated using following equation (1)：
G (dBi)=10lg { 50000/ (2 θ 3dB, E × 2 θ 3dB, H) } (1)
Wherein, (2 θ 3dB, E) and (2 θ 3dB, H) are respectively lobe width of the antenna on horizontal plane and vertical plane,
50000 be the empirical data counted in 2.5G wireless networks；(2 θ 3dB, E) is the lobe width of antenna in the horizontal plane,
Can be 45,60 or 90；(2 θ 3dB, H) is the lobe width of antenna on a vertical plane, can be 48,33,15 or 8；
According to one embodiment of the application, in 2.5G wireless networks, (2 θ 3dB, E) is 45, and (2 θ 3dB, H) is
48, according to formula G (dBi)=10lg (50000/45*48), that is, try to achieve the gain of directional aerial.
Due in signal between the mobile terminal and the base station transmitting procedure, being influenceed by weather or barrier, one can be produced
Fixed loss, signal caused loss BD (d) in transmitting procedure is calculated using following equation (2)：
Wherein, BD (d) is that signal is transferred through the path loss after distance d；For signal be transferred through unit away from
Path loss from after；K is path interference factor；5 be the constant numerical value of signal in 2.5G wireless networks；Dx is 2.5G wireless networks
The receiving power of network, dy are the transmission power of 2.5G wireless networks；β is 2.5G wireless network amendment constant numerical value, is 1.342.
In step s 102, several are selected to calculate the movement that communicated with each base with the base station of communication of mobile terminal
The estimation coordinate value of terminal；
According to one embodiment of the application, mobile terminal selects i base station from all base stations that can be communicated,
The general distance between mobile terminal and each selected base station is estimated, further according to each distance value estimated, is used
Weighted mass center algorithm, the estimation coordinate value of the mobile terminal to be communicated with each selected base station is calculatedCalculated using weighted mass center algorithmSitting calibration method can use following equation (3) and (4) to count
Obtain：
Wherein,For mobile terminal and the estimation coordinate of the mobile terminal of selected each base station communication
Value；diFor the distance of the mobile terminal that estimates to i-th of base station；(xmi, ymi) for the coordinate value of i-th base station.
In step s 103, the estimation coordinate value of mobile terminal and the coordinate with each base station of communication of mobile terminal are passed through
Value information, the average distance evaluated error between mobile terminal and base station is calculated；
According to one embodiment of the application, the average distance evaluated error between mobile terminal and base stationCan be under
Row formula (5) is calculated：
Wherein,For average distance evaluated error；N is algorithm performs number.
In step S104, according to antenna gain, loss, average distance estimation error and base station density, it is calculated every
The coordinate value of individual mobile terminal；
According to one embodiment of the application, the coordinate value of the mobile terminal to be communicated with some base station can be by following
Formula (6) and (7) are calculated：
Wherein, G (dBi) is antenna gain；BD (d) is loss of the signal in transmitting procedure；Estimate for average distance
Error；DA is base station density；(xmi, ymi) for the coordinate value of i-th base station；
Wherein, base station density can be calculated by following equation (8)：
Wherein, AQ is the quantity of the base station of selection；NQ can be with the quantity of the base station of communication of mobile terminal for non-selected.
In step S105, the coordinate value of several mobile terminals is summed, then it is average, produce the true seat of mobile terminal
Scale value；
According to one embodiment of the application, several selected in 2.5G wireless networks can enter with mobile terminal
The communication coverage of the base station of row communication is overlapped, when mobile terminal receives the signal packet from N number of different base station
When, the coordinate for the mobile terminal that calculating is communicated with each base station, then the coordinate of several mobile terminals to obtaining respectively
Summed, then be averaged, as the true coordinate of mobile terminal, realized and mobile terminal is determined in 2.5G wireless networks
Position, it can specifically use following equation (8) that the true coordinate (X of mobile terminal is calculateddst, Ydst)：
Wherein, (Xdst, Ydst) be mobile terminal true coordinate value；(Xi, Yi) it is to be led to each selected base station
The coordinate value of the mobile terminal of letter.
The algorithm of the positioning of the present invention realizes to be accurately positioned in 2.5G wireless networks to mobile terminal, changes biography
The location algorithm of system does not consider signal in the loss of transmitting procedure and the gain problem of directional aerial, and location sensitivity is high, and
And it is applied to be greatly enhanced to indoor and outdoor positioning, application simultaneously.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of location algorithm based on the 2.5G wireless network signal profits and losses, it is characterized in that, including：
Mobile terminal and the base station antenna gain that signal transmits in 2.5G wireless networks are obtained, and in signals transmission
Caused loss；
The base station for selecting several to be communicated with mobile terminal in 2.5G wireless networks, estimation mobile terminal and each selection
The distance between base station；According to the distance value of each estimation, using weighted mass center algorithm, obtain being communicated with each base station
Mobile terminal estimation coordinate value；
Pass through the estimation coordinate value of the mobile terminal and the coordinate value information with each base station of the communication of mobile terminal, meter
Calculation obtains the average distance evaluated error between the mobile terminal and base station；
According between the mobile terminal and base station signal transmit antenna gain, loss, and average distance evaluated error and
Base station density, the coordinate value of the mobile terminal to be communicated with each base station is calculated；Pass through following equation calculating and some
Coordinate value (the X for the mobile terminal that base station is communicatedi, Yi)：
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Wherein, G is antenna gain, unit dBi；BD (d) is loss of the signal in transmitting procedure；Estimate for average distance
Error；DA is base station density；(xmi, ymi) for the coordinate value of i-th base station；
The coordinate value of several mobile terminals is summed, then it is average, the true coordinate value of the mobile terminal is obtained, realization is based on
Positioning in the case of the 2.5G wireless network signal profits and losses to mobile terminal.
2. the location algorithm according to claim 1 based on the 2.5G wireless network signal profits and losses, it is characterized in that, the acquisition
The method for the antenna gain that signal transmits in 2.5G wireless networks is mobile terminal with base station：
The antenna gain G that signal transmits between mobile terminal and base station is calculated using following equation：
G=10lg { 50000/ (2 θ 3dB, E × 2 θ 3dB, H) }
Wherein, 2 θ 3dB, E and 2 θ 3dB, H are respectively lobe width of the antenna on two principal planes, and 50000 be wireless in 2.5G
The empirical data counted in network；The G antenna gains that signal transmits between mobile terminal and base station, unit dBi.
3. the location algorithm according to claim 1 based on the 2.5G wireless network signal profits and losses, it is characterized in that, the acquisition
The method of caused loss is in signals transmission between mobile terminal and base station：
Signal caused loss BD (d) in transmitting procedure is calculated using following equation：
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Receiving power, dy are the transmission power of 2.5G wireless networks；β is 2.5G wireless network amendment constant numerical value, is 1.342.
4. the location algorithm according to claim 1 based on the 2.5G wireless network signal profits and losses, it is characterized in that, the basis
The distance value each estimated, using weighted mass center algorithm, obtain and the estimation coordinate value of the mobile terminal of each base station communication
Detailed process is：
The mobile terminal selects i base station from the base station that can be communicated, estimate mobile terminal and each base station it
Between distance, according to each distance value estimated, calculated using following equation and estimated with the mobile terminal of each base station communication
Calculate coordinate value
Wherein,For the estimation coordinate value of the mobile terminal with each base station communication；diFor the mobile terminal estimated
To the distance of i-th of base station；(xmi, ymi) for the coordinate value of i-th base station；BD (d) is that signal is transferred through the road after distance d
Footpath is lost；The G antenna gains that signal transmits between mobile terminal and base station, unit dBi；
5. the location algorithm based on the 2.5G wireless network signal profits and losses according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that, pass through
The estimation coordinate value of the mobile terminal and the coordinate value information with each base station of the communication of mobile terminal, are calculated institute
The method for stating the average distance evaluated error between mobile terminal and base station is：
Average distance evaluated error between mobile terminal and base station is calculated using following equation
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6. the location algorithm according to claim 1 based on the 2.5G wireless network signal profits and losses, it is characterized in that, the base station
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7. the location algorithm according to claim 1 based on the 2.5G wireless network signal profits and losses, it is characterized in that, if to described
The coordinate value summation of dry mobile terminal, then it is average, the method for obtaining the true coordinate value of the mobile terminal is：
True coordinate (the X of mobile terminal is calculated by following equationdst, Ydst)：
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<mi>i</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mi>N</mi>
</msubsup>
<msub>
<mi>Y</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mn>2...</mn>
<mi>N</mi>
</mrow>
Wherein, (Xdst, Ydst) be mobile terminal true coordinate value；(Xi, Yi) for what is communicated with each selected base station
The coordinate value of mobile terminal；N is algorithm performs number.
8. the location algorithm according to claim 1 based on the 2.5G wireless network signal profits and losses, it is characterized in that, the signal
Caused loss is produced by being influenceed by weather or barrier in transmitting procedure.
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