CN105093113B - The measurement of accumulator internal resistance during automobile is advanced - Google Patents

The measurement of accumulator internal resistance during automobile is advanced Download PDF

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CN105093113B
CN105093113B CN201410217763.1A CN201410217763A CN105093113B CN 105093113 B CN105093113 B CN 105093113B CN 201410217763 A CN201410217763 A CN 201410217763A CN 105093113 B CN105093113 B CN 105093113B
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battery
internal resistance
discharge current
value
load
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CN105093113A (en
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邓恒
赵云飞
王全起
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SAIC Motor Corp Ltd
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SAIC Motor Corp Ltd
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Abstract

It is more particularly to a kind of that the method for accumulator internal resistance is measured during automobile traveling and realizes the vehicle power management unit of this method the present invention relates to automotive electronic technology.Comprise the following steps according to the method that accumulator internal resistance is measured during automobile traveling of the present invention：In response to the instruction on measuring accumulator internal resistance, control the discharge current of the battery with make it have multiple different values and measure from the discharge current of different values corresponding to battery both ends voltage；And the internal resistance of the battery is determined according to the discharge current of multiple different values and corresponding voltage, wherein, exported by changing automobile current generator to the power of load or the power consumption of load to control the value of discharge current.

Description

The measurement of accumulator internal resistance during automobile is advanced
Technical field
The present invention relates to automotive electronic technology, more particularly to a kind of side that accumulator internal resistance is measured during automobile traveling Method and the vehicle power management unit for realizing this method.
Background technology
The measurement of the internal resistance of cell can use a variety of methods, and conventional includes alternating current bridge method and DC internal resistance mensuration Deng.The principle of alternating current bridge method is that the battery of internal resistance to be measured is equivalent into active pull-up, and it, which is applied in one, has fixed frequency Alternating current and measure the response voltage at battery both ends, the response voltage measured through over commutation and filtering etc. processing after by The internal resistance value of battery is calculated in operation amplifier circuit.Due to lacking suitable AC power, therefore current automobile on automobile The measurement of upper accumulator internal resistance typically uses DC internal resistance mensuration.
The principle of DC internal resistance mensuration is different size of Constant Direct Current is flowed through battery and measure under different electric currents The voltage at battery both ends, the internal resistance of battery is then calculated using two groups of obtained Current-voltage datas.Fig. 1 shows allusion quotation The circuit theory diagrams using DC internal resistance mensuration of type.As shown in figure 1, voltmeter U is connected in parallel with automobile storage battery B, electricity Flow table A and starter S is connected in parallel on automobile storage battery B both ends after being connected in series, constant current caused by starter flows through automobile The voltage at battery B, automobile storage battery B both ends and automobile storage battery B electric current is flowed through respectively by voltmeter U and ammeter A Measurement.
Entitled " the battery compartment for the Vehicular battery being connected with controllable motor/automobile current generator that on October 25th, 2010 submits Internal resistance ask for " Chinese patent application 201080055838.0 disclose a kind of method and dress for asking for Vehicular battery internal resistance Put, wherein battery is connected with controllable motor/automobile current generator, so as to realize from battery to motor/automobile current generator or Person's can flow from motor/automobile current generator to battery.Disclosed method comprises the following steps：To motor/automobile current generator The share for forming magnetic field is modulated, and the share in the formation magnetic field to motor/automobile current generator determines battery when being modulated Voltage change on lattice and flow through battery compartment electric current change, and calculated as voltage change and discussing for curent change The internal resistance of the battery compartment.
It is pointed out that because automobile engine and is often occurred with the working condition of electric loading larger in the process of moving Change and be often difficult to predict, this causes the controllability for the electric current for flowing through battery very poor, therefore is unfavorable for obtaining accurately Internal resistance value.The automobile batteries internal resistance measurement technology of above-mentioned prior art has the drawback that.
Therefore, the characteristics of battery output current is relatively stable after automobile shutdown can be utilized flame-out realizes the accurate of internal resistance Measurement.Specifically, the rear engine cooling fan of stopping working would generally or so continuous firing 5-20 seconds, engine cool wind now Fan is the main even unique supply object and supply current substantial constant of automobile storage battery, therefore by cold But switch between multiple gears of fan and obtain voltage and current of the automobile storage battery in different loads condition, so as to calculate The internal resistance of automobile storage battery.
But what the application of this method was limited by, still it can not realize the internal resistance of cell during automobile traveling Accurate measurement.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method for measuring automobile storage battery internal resistance, and it can be during automobile traveling Accumulator internal resistance is accurately measured at any time.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can be realized by following technical proposal：
A kind of method that accumulator internal resistance is measured during automobile traveling, comprises the following steps：
In response to the instruction on measuring accumulator internal resistance, control the discharge current of the battery multiple to make it have Different value and measure from the discharge current of different values corresponding to battery both ends voltage；And
The internal resistance of the battery is determined according to the discharge current of multiple different values and corresponding voltage,
Wherein, exported by changing automobile current generator to the power of load or the power consumption of load to control taking for discharge current Value.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned methods, the following steps are further comprised：
It is modified according to internal resistance of the performance of discharge current of the battery in start-up course to the battery.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned methods, the internal resistance according to the following formula to the battery is modified：
rm=r × eΔt/α-1
Here, r be the battery internal resistance, rmFor the correction value of the internal resistance of the battery, Δ t is automobile starting mistake Time between at the time of breaking predetermined threshold value by a fall at the time of the discharge current of battery breaks through predetermined threshold value first in journey and first Difference, α are the constant that experiment determines.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned methods, the discharge current of each value is kept for a default period, and the electricity Press as the average value of the measured value in the default period.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned methods, automobile current generator is changed by changing the output voltage of the automobile current generator The power of output extremely load.Preferably, the value of the discharge current is made to be enough to greatly so that the possibility change pair of load power consumption The influence of the value of the discharge current is less than default threshold value.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned methods, by keep automobile current generator export power to load it is constant in the case of The power consumption for changing load controls the value of discharge current.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide a kind of vehicle power management unit, and it can be during automobile traveling Accumulator internal resistance is accurately measured at any time.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can be realized by following technical proposal：
A kind of vehicle power management unit, including：
Communication interface, it is configured as and external device communication；
The processor coupled with the communication interface, it is configured as：
In response on measure accumulator internal resistance instruction, by through the communication interface change automobile current generator export to The power of load or the power consumption of load control the value of discharge current, and according to the discharge current and phase of multiple different values The battery both end voltage answered determines the internal resistance of the battery.
Brief description of the drawings
The above-mentioned and/or other side and advantage of the present invention becomes the description by the various aspects below in conjunction with accompanying drawing Become apparent from and be easier to understand, same or analogous unit, which is adopted, in accompanying drawing is indicated by the same numeral, and accompanying drawing includes：
Fig. 1 shows the typical circuit theory diagrams for utilizing DC internal resistance mensuration.
Fig. 2 is the schematic block diagram of typical automotive electrical system.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of battery-operated current-vs-time during automobile starting.
Fig. 4 is the schematic block diagram according to the vehicle power management unit of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a kind of method that accumulator internal resistance is measured during automobile traveling according to one embodiment of the invention Flow chart.
Embodiment
Embodiment is described below with reference to accompanying drawing to illustrate the present invention.It should be understood that these have Body embodiment is merely exemplary, restriction effect is had no for the spirit and scope of the present invention.
In this manual, " connection " one word should be understood to be included between two units directly transmission energy or signal Situation, or transmit through one or more third units the situation of energy or signal indirectly, and signal bag designated herein Include but be not limited to signal existing in the form of electricity, light and magnetic.
The term of "comprising" and " comprising " etc is represented except direct and bright with having in the specification and in the claims Beyond the unit and step really stated, technical scheme is also not excluded for the other lists do not stated directly or clearly The situation of member and step.
Below by the specific embodiment of the accompanying drawing description present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic block diagram of typical automotive electrical system.
As shown in Fig. 2 the automotive electrical system 20 shown in Fig. 2 includes vehicle power management unit 210, automobile current generator 220th, battery 230, electronic controller 240, current sensor 250, voltage detecting circuit 260, load controller 270 and load 280, energy transmission path is represented with heavy line in figure, fine line represents signal transmission path.
As shown in Fig. 2 automobile current generator 220 with load 280 and battery 230 couple, with to load 280 power supply and/or Battery 230 charges.Electronic controller 240 accesses automobile current generator 220 with loading in the loop where 280, for adjusting vapour Car generator 220 to load 280 output voltage, so as to realize the change of power output.Current sensor 250, which is used to detect, to be stored The discharge current of battery 230, it (such as utilizes resistance by access battery 230 and the loop where load 280 as shown in Figure 2 When device is to realize current sensor), alternatively, it is arranged on the outlet line of battery 230 and nearby (such as utilizes hall sensing When device is to realize current sensor).Voltage detecting circuit 260 is used for the voltage for detecting the both ends of battery 230.Vehicle power management Unit 210 is connected with electronic controller 240 to control output voltage of the automobile current generator 220 to load 280, so as to realize automobile The change of the power output of generator 220.Vehicle power management unit 210 and current sensor 250 and the phase of voltage detecting circuit 260 Connect to obtain the measured value of the discharge current of battery 230 and voltage respectively.Vehicle power management unit 210 also controls with load Device 270 is connected with the power consumption of control load 280.
Need to wait suitable opportunity using DC internal resistance method measurement accumulator internal resistance on automobile, if lacking suitable work Condition (such as battery discharging electric current is constant in a sufficiently long duration (such as 5 seconds)), the measurement accuracy of internal resistance value It will be a greater impact.It should be noted however that during automobile normal running, this suitable operating mode is rare.
In the automotive electrical system 20 shown in Fig. 2, load 280 can be by automobile current generator 220 and battery 230 simultaneously Power supply.According to one embodiment of the present of invention, vehicle power management unit 210 by electronic controller 240 by adjusting automobile The power output of generator 220 makes the electric current of battery 230 is stable nearby to carry out " creation " above-mentioned suitable operating mode in a value.Tool For body, vehicle power management unit 210 is first by the power output that controls automobile current generator 220 so that battery 230 Discharge current remains the first current target value in the first preset period of time, and measures the period by voltage detecting circuit 260 The voltage of interior battery 230.Then automobile current generator 220 is controlled so that the discharge current of battery 230 is in the second preset period of time The second current target value is inside remained, and the voltage of battery 230 in the period is measured by voltage detecting circuit 260.At this In embodiment, discharge current value and the first or second electric current that vehicle power management unit 210 measures according to current sensor 250 The difference of desired value, output voltage of the automobile current generator 210 to load 280 is dynamically adjusted by electronic controller 240, so that The discharge current of battery 230 is controlled near desired value in preset period of time.Specifically, if the discharge current value measured Less than the first or second current target value, vehicle power management unit 210 is then by reducing the output voltage of automobile current generator 220 To lift discharge current, conversely, then reducing discharge current by improving the output voltage of automobile current generator 220, thus will put Electric current value stabilization is near desired value.
After voltage measuring value corresponding with the first and second desired values is obtained, under vehicle power management unit 210 utilizes Formula calculates the internal resistance of automobile storage battery：
Wherein, r is automobile storage battery internal resistance, I1And U1Respectively the first current target value of battery 230 and corresponding electricity Pressure, I2And U2Respectively the second current target value of battery 230 and corresponding voltage.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the internal resistance of automobile storage battery 230 is calculated using three groups of voltage and currents. This is further described below.
Vehicle power management unit 210 is first by the power output that controls automobile current generator 220 so that battery 230 Discharge current, which remains the first current target value in the first preset period of time and measured by voltage detecting circuit 260 in the period, to be stored The voltage of battery 230, automobile current generator 220 is then controlled so that the discharge current of battery 230 is protected in the second preset period of time The voltage that battery 230 in the period is measured for the second current target value and by voltage detecting circuit 260 is held, finally secondary control again Automobile current generator 220 so that the discharge current of battery 230 remained in the first preset period of time the first current target value and by Voltage detecting circuit 260 measures the voltage of battery 230 in the period.
After above-mentioned three groups of voltage and current measured values are obtained, vehicle power management unit 210 calculates automobile using following formula The internal resistance of battery：
Here, r1For automobile storage battery internal resistance, I11And U11Respectively the first current target value of battery 230 and corresponding Voltage, I12And U12Respectively the second current target value of battery 230 and corresponding voltage.
Here, r2For the internal resistance of automobile storage battery 230, I13And U13Respectively the first current target value of battery 230 and Corresponding voltage when second of value of discharge current is the first current target value.
R=(r1+r2)/2 (4)
Here r is the internal resistance of the automobile storage battery 230 finally given, and it is equal to internal resistance r1And r2Average value.
In above formula (1)-(4), voltage and current is the average value of the measured value in the period.It is in addition, above-mentioned and following The first and second described periods can be with identical or different.
Within above-mentioned first and second period, the power consumption of load may have greatly changed, so as to cause battery The large change of discharge current.In order to suppress this influence, it may be considered that forbid load power consumption to become within the first and second periods Change.It is preferred that, it may be considered that by current target value I1、I2、I11、I12And I13Set enough to big, so that load power consumption Influence of the change to discharge current be less than default threshold value.Exemplarily, it is assumed that default threshold value is Δ (such as 5%), then , can be by electric discharge electricity when the expected maximum change of discharge current caused by load power consumption change turns to n amperes (such as 2-3 amperes) The desired value of stream is set in more than n/ Δ amperes.
, can be with except coming " creations " above with the power output of adjustment automobile current generator properly in addition to the mode of operating mode By keep automobile current generator export power to load it is constant in the case of change the power consumption of load and come " creation " suitably Operating mode.
Exemplified by by changing change of the cooling fan of engine operation range to realize load power consumption, in the another of the present invention In one embodiment, vehicle power management unit 210 makes cooling fan of engine in the first gear through load controller 270 first It is lower to run first preset period of time and measured respectively in the period by voltage detecting circuit 260 and current sensor 250 Voltage and current, then through load controller 270 make cooling fan of engine run under the second gear one second it is default when The voltage and current of section and measurement within the period.After above-mentioned two groups of voltage and current measured values are obtained, automobile power source pipe Manage the internal resistance that unit 210 calculates automobile storage battery using above formula (1), i.e. the electric discharge that will can be measured under the first and second gears Electric current and voltage replace first, second current target value in formula (1) and corresponding voltage, so as to calculate in battery Resistance.Alternatively, vehicle power management unit 210 indicates that load controller 270 makes cooling fan of engine in the first gear first It is lower to run first preset period of time and measure the voltage and current in the period, then make to start through load controller 270 Machine cooling fan runs second preset period of time under the second gear and measures the voltage and current within the period, finally Make cooling fan of engine run first preset period of time under the first gear and measure again through load controller 270 to be somebody's turn to do Voltage and current in period.After above-mentioned three groups of voltage and current measured values are obtained, vehicle power management unit 210 utilizes upper Formula (2)-(4) calculate the internal resistance of automobile storage battery, i.e. can be by the discharge current measured under the first and second gears and voltage generation For first, second current target value in formula (2) and (3) and corresponding voltage, so as to calculate the internal resistance of battery.
In order to improve the measurement accuracy of internal resistance, can be showed according to electric current of the battery in shutdown process, to according to upper The internal resistance value that formula (1) and (4) obtain makees further amendment.Fig. 3 is battery-operated current-vs-time during automobile starting Schematic diagram.In the figure, the longitudinal axis represents the operating current I of battery, and transverse axis represents time t.Referring to Fig. 3, by start-up course Middle battery discharging electric current is designated as t at the time of being higher than threshold value TH first1And at the time of breaking discharge current I by a fall threshold value TH first It is designated as t2。
Preferably, internal resistance value can be corrected using following formula：
rm=r × eΔt/α-1 (5)
Here, r is the internal resistance that is obtained according to formula (1) and (4), rmFor the correction value of internal resistance, Δ t is t in Fig. 31With t2Between Time difference (i.e. battery discharging electric current first value be TH and break by a fall first the period between TH), α be experiment determine Constant, for example, can using value as battery SOC be equal to 100% when t1With t2Between time difference.
Fig. 4 is according to the schematic block diagram of the vehicle power management unit of one embodiment of the invention, the vehicle power management Unit can realize the above-mentioned measuring principle of the present invention.
Vehicle power management unit 210 shown in Fig. 4 includes communication interface 211, dynamic RAM 212A, non-volatile Memory 212B and processor 213.
Communication interface 211 and the electronic controller 240 outside vehicle power management unit 210, current sensor 250th, voltage detecting circuit 260 and load controller 270 couple.
Processor 213 couples with communication interface 211, dynamic RAM 212A, nonvolatile storage 212B, as vapour The core cell of car PMU 210, it performs the control program stored in nonvolatile storage 212B, adjusted by electronics Section device 240 and load controller 270 control the output voltage of automobile current generator and the power consumption of load to obtain suitable measurement respectively The operating mode of accumulator internal resistance, and the measurement received according to communication interface 211 from current sensor 250, voltage detecting circuit 260 Signal of change obtains the internal resistance of automobile storage battery.
The operation principle of vehicle power management unit shown in Fig. 4 210 is described below.
When the processor 213 of vehicle power management unit 210, which powers up, to be started, it will control from nonvolatile storage 212B Processing procedure sequence is loaded into dynamic RAM 212A.
In accumulator internal resistance measurement process, processor 213 adjusts vapour through communication interface 211 by electronic controller 240 The output voltage of car generator so that the discharge current of battery 230 value on multiple different periods is different target Value, and receive the battery tension measured by voltage detecting circuit 260 through communication interface 211.Or processor 213 is through logical Letter interface 211 makes the output voltage of automobile current generator constant by electronic controller 240, and controls and bear through communication interface 211 Carry 280 to run with different power consumptions on multiple different periods, received through communication interface 211 by the He of voltage detecting circuit 260 The battery tension and discharge current that current sensor 250 measures respectively.After required multigroup voltage and current data are obtained, Processor 213 determines the internal resistance of automobile storage battery in manner described above.
Fig. 5 is a kind of method that accumulator internal resistance is measured during automobile traveling according to one embodiment of the invention Flow chart.For the sake of illustrating conveniently, it is assumed here that the side of the present embodiment is realized in the automotive electrical system of framework shown in Fig. 2 Method.It should be noted however that the principle of the present invention is not limited to the automotive electrical system of particular type and structure.
As shown in figure 5, the instruction measured in step S510, vehicle power management unit in response to accumulator internal resistance, starts Measurement process.
Subsequently enter step S520, vehicle power management unit 210 determine be using first mode or second mode come Obtain multigroup voltage, current data.Here first mode refers to coming above by the power output of adjustment automobile current generator The mode of " creation " suitable operating mode, and second mode is referred to above by the constant feelings of holding automobile current generator power output The power consumption for changing load under condition carrys out the mode of " creation " suitable operating mode.Pattern used by being determined using multiple rule. For example, when it is determined that the possibility of air conditioning for automobiles keying is little (such as being judged according to season), load power consumption changes to battery The influence of discharge current is typically small, and vice versa, thus vehicle power management unit can according to such as season etc because Element determines to obtain voltage, the pattern of current data.And for example, when road conditions complexity, automobile engine power output changes greatly, and leads The change of automobile current generator power output is caused to be more suitable for obtaining voltage, current data using second mode by more limitation, Therefore vehicle power management unit can according to road conditions (such as pass through automobile engine power output change, car speed change The factors such as frequency judge) the suitable pattern of selection.It is worthy of note that the selection of pattern need not necessarily need to be based on single rule, its More rules can be based on.
In step S520, if selection first mode, into step S530, if selection second mode, enters Step S540.
In step S530, vehicle power management unit 210 makes electric power storage by adjusting the power output of automobile current generator 220 The discharge current stabilization in pond 230 is near different desired values and measures voltage corresponding with desired value, multigroup so as to obtain Voltage and current data.
In step S540, vehicle power management unit 210 is by keeping the power output of automobile current generator 220 constant In the case of the power consumption of adjustment load 280 obtain multigroup voltage and current measured value of battery 230.
All enter step S550, in this step, vehicle power management unit 210 after step S530 and S540 is completed According to multigroup voltage and current measured value, by the internal resistance of formula (1) and (4) calculating accumulator 230.
Step S560 is subsequently entered, vehicle power management unit 210 is using formula (5) to being calculated in above-mentioned steps S550 Internal resistance be modified.
The present invention has following advantages compared with prior art：
(1) accumulator internal resistance can accurately be measured at any time during automobile traveling.
(2) existing automotive electrical system can be utilized to realize, without increasing hardware circuit, therefore strong adaptability, cost It is low.
(3) different pattern acquiring electric currents, voltage data can be used for different situations, therefore improves internal resistance measurement Reliability.
Although having showed and having discussed some aspects of the present invention, those skilled in the art should realize Arrive：Above-mentioned aspect can be changed under conditions of without departing substantially from the principle of the invention and spirit, therefore the scope of the present invention will Limited by claim and equivalent content.

Claims (10)

  1. A kind of 1. method that accumulator internal resistance is measured during automobile traveling, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
    In response to the instruction on measuring accumulator internal resistance, the discharge current of the battery is controlled to make it have multiple differences Value and measure from the discharge current of different values corresponding to battery both ends voltage；And
    The internal resistance of the battery is determined according to the discharge current of multiple different values and corresponding voltage,
    Wherein, exported by changing automobile current generator to the power of load or the power consumption of load to control the value of discharge current,
    Wherein, the following steps are further comprised：
    It is modified according to internal resistance of the performance of discharge current of the battery in start-up course to the battery,
    Wherein, the internal resistance according to the following formula to the battery is modified：
    rm=r × eΔt/α-1
    Here, r be the battery internal resistance, rmFor the correction value of the internal resistance of the battery, Δ t is during automobile starting Time difference between at the time of breaking predetermined threshold value by a fall at the time of the discharge current of battery breaks through predetermined threshold value first and first, α The constant determined for experiment.
  2. 2. according to the method for claim 1, wherein, the discharge current of each value is kept for a default period, and And the voltage is the average value of the measured value in the default period.
  3. 3. according to the method for claim 1, wherein, change automobile by changing the output voltage of the automobile current generator Generator is exported to the power of load.
  4. 4. according to the method for claim 2, wherein, make the discharge current value be enough to it is big so that load power consumption The influence that may change to the value of the discharge current is less than default threshold value.
  5. 5. according to the method for claim 1, wherein, by keeping the power that automobile current generator is exported to load constant In the case of change the power consumption of load to control the value of discharge current.
  6. 6. a kind of vehicle power management unit, including：
    Communication interface, it is configured as and external device communication；
    The processor coupled with the communication interface, it is configured as：
    In response to the instruction on measuring accumulator internal resistance, exported by changing automobile current generator through the communication interface to load Power or the power consumption of load control the value of discharge current, and according to the discharge current of multiple different values and corresponding Battery both end voltage determines the internal resistance of the battery,
    Wherein, the processor is additionally configured to the performance of the discharge current in start-up course according to the battery to described The internal resistance of battery is modified,
    Wherein, the internal resistance that the processor is configured as according to the following formula to the battery is modified：
    rm=r × eΔt/α-1
    Here, r be the battery internal resistance, rmFor the correction value of the internal resistance of the battery, Δ t is during automobile starting Time difference between at the time of breaking predetermined threshold value by a fall at the time of the discharge current of battery breaks through predetermined threshold value first and first, α The constant determined for experiment.
  7. 7. vehicle power management unit according to claim 6, wherein, the processor changes vapour through the communication interface Car generator exports the power consumption to the power of load or load so that the discharge current of each value keep one it is default when Section, and the voltage is the average value of the measured value in the default period.
  8. 8. vehicle power management unit according to claim 6, wherein, the processor is by changing the automobile generating The output voltage of machine is exported to the power of load to change automobile current generator.
  9. 9. vehicle power management unit according to claim 7, wherein, the processor makes the value of the discharge current It is enough to big so that the influence that the possibility of load power consumption changes to the value of the discharge current is less than default threshold value.
  10. 10. vehicle power management unit according to claim 6, wherein, the processor is by keeping automobile generating Machine export power to load it is constant in the case of change the power consumption of load to control the value of discharge current.
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CN108663634B (en) * 2018-07-10 2021-05-25 深圳市科列技术股份有限公司 Method and device for determining internal resistance of power battery
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