A kind of device and method for testing eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient
Technical field
The present invention relates to Inclined Cable Vibration control technology field, is specifically a kind of test eddy current damper rotation resistance
The device and method of Buddhist nun's coefficient.
Background technology
Suspension cable is the important primary structure member of cable-stayed bridge, because the initially damping of suspension cable is small, slenderness ratio is big, in traffic lotus
Carry with extraneous wind action, vibration problem easily occurs.By practice test, increased tiltedly by installing suspension cable damper
The modal damping of cable systems, it is a kind of effective way to control the way of Inclined Cable Vibration.Current suspension cable resistance
Buddhist nun's device has polytype, including hydraulic damper, pulse damper, rotary damper, viscous damper, eddy current damper
Deng.Wherein, eddy current damper is a kind of new suspension cable damper, and the damper is by displacement transmission system, by suspension cable
Vibration be converted into dampened disk and rotated in the ring alternating magnetic field that permanent magnet is formed, so as to produce eddy-current damping to control tiltedly
The vibration of drag-line.
The most important parameters for determining eddy current damper vibration control effect are the damping due to rotation coefficients of eddy current damper
Cr.Damping due to rotation coefficient CrIt is only relevant with the internal structure of damping unit, i.e. the size of dampened disk, material electric conductivity, permanent magnet
Distance of magnetic induction intensity, dampened disk and permanent magnet etc., and it is unrelated with the dynamic response of suspension cable.In order to obtain damped coefficient
Cr, can generally use three kinds of theoretical calculation, numerical simulation and experimental test methods.
Theoretical calculation refer to it is certain assume on the premise of, establish dampened disk rotated in magnetic field caused by damping action
Theoretical model, damped coefficient is calculated based on this theoretical model.But the alternating magnetic field that permanent magnet is formed is advised in spatial distribution
Restrain extremely complex, theoretical formula is difficult to accurate description, therefore often error is larger for result of calculation.
Numerical simulation is to utilize electromagnetic finite element analysis software (such as Maxwell), establishes the finite element mould of damping unit
Type, simulation permanent magnet formed spatial variations magnetic field and dampened disk move in the space magnetic field caused by eddy-current damping work
With.This method is more closer than theoretical calculation model true, but actually permanent magnet magnetic induction intensity itself is uneven, permanent magnetism
The change of magnetic induction intensity of the iron under magnet fixed disc effect, is influenceed by magnet fixed disc material character, due to the two
Parameter can not accurate measurement, therefore there is certain error in the input parameter of FEM model, result in final numerical simulation knot
There is also certain error for fruit.
Testing method can not be applied directly, it is necessary to which current vortex is hindered using universal testing machine, universal testing machine
The convert rotational motion of Buddhist nun's device is linear movement, and test method is complex.In addition, the ton of conventional universal testing machine
Position is larger, and the damped coefficient of eddy current damper is smaller so that test result precision is not high.
Compare three of the above method to understand, not malleable (error is larger) the shortcomings that theoretical calculation and numerical simulation can only
As the reference of damper Preliminary design, final damped coefficient still needs to determine by testing;And use universal test
Machine is tested, complex operation and precision is not high.Therefore, using a kind of simple and practical method for testing and detecting, accurate test damping
Device damped coefficient CrIt is the task of top priority.
The content of the invention
For defect present in prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide one kind test eddy current damper rotation
The device and method of damped coefficient, it is not only simple in construction, it is easily operated;And measuring accuracy is high.
To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the technical scheme that:A kind of test eddy current damper rotation resistance is provided
The device of Buddhist nun's coefficient, including bottom plate and the tester bracket, the electric machine support that are fixed at the top of bottom plate, the top of tester bracket is consolidated
Surely there is the tester for testing rotation torque and rotating speed, motor and speed reducer is fixed with the top of electric machine support, motor is with subtracting
Fast machine is by driving mandrel to connect;The central horizontal of tester is provided with tester mandrel, and one end of tester mandrel passes through
One shaft coupling is connected with the driving mandrel, and the other end is connected with for being connected with eddy current damper by second shaft coupling
Damping shaft;The positioning retainer rings that the outer cover of the damping shaft moves axially provided with two for limiting eddy current damper, two
Positioning retainer ring is both secured to damping shaft;The outside of damping shaft is also arranged with wireless strain tester, the connection of wireless strain tester
There are at least three sets of three-dimensional foil gauges, the three-dimensional foil gauge is fixed on damping shaft outer surface, and is circumferentially uniformly distributed along damping shaft.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the tester is fixed on tester bracket by least two adjusting nut.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the adjusting nut is four, the longitudinal axis of four adjusting nuts along tester
Line is symmetrical arranged.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the outer surface of the damping shaft is evenly distributed with four sets of three-dimensionals along its circumference should
Become piece.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the tester is internally provided with moment of torsion acquisition module and rotating speed collection mould
Block.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the device also includes microcontroller, the microcontroller respectively with motor, subtract
Fast machine, tester, the connection of wireless strain tester.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of the test eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient based on said apparatus, including
Following steps:
S1:Test system is built:By it is mounted test eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient device with it is to be measured
Eddy current damper be attached, go to S2;
S2:The test running of test system:Start described device;Described device drives current vortex to be measured to hinder by damping shaft
Buddhist nun's device can not stall, the rotation until described device and eddy current damper to be measured remain a constant speed, goes to S3;
S3:The debugging of test system:The velocity of rotation of described device is slowed down using reductor;Judge outside damping shaft
Whether the strain value of the three-dimensional foil gauge of surface diverse location differs by more than 2 μ ε, if so, there occurs to a certain degree for explanation damping shaft
On flexural deformation, whole device is in non-ideal working condition, goes to S4, if it is not, pure torsion only occurs for explanation damping shaft
Deformation, whole device are in ideal operation state, go to S5;
S4:The fine setting of tester:Tester is finely adjusted by adjusting nut, until whole device is in ideal operation
Under state, S5 is gone to;
S5:The actual measurement of data:The rotation torque T and rotational speed omega of tester real-time testing are recorded, according to formula Cr=T/ ω,
Calculate corresponding damping due to rotation coefficient Cr。
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, S1's concretely comprises the following steps:On the damping shaft of mounted described device according to
A dampened disk, magnet fixed disc and another dampened disk of secondary suit eddy current damper to be measured, wherein, magnet fixed disc leads to
Bearing and damping axis connection are crossed, two dampened disks are by flat key and damping axis connection, and bottom is fixed in the bottom of magnet fixed disc
Plate;Two positioning retainer rings of damping shaft are close to outside and the fixation of two dampened disks respectively, go to S2.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, S2's concretely comprises the following steps:Start motor, motor subtracts by driving mandrel to drive
Fast machine rotates, and after the deceleration of reductor, driving the rotating speed of mandrel reduces, output torque increase;Driving mandrel passes through first
Shaft coupling drives the tester mandrel of tester to rotate, and tester mandrel drives damping shaft to rotate by second shaft coupling, damping
Axle drives two dampened disks of eddy current damper to be measured to rotate by flat key, the dampened disk and magnet fixed disc of rotation
On permanent magnet relatively rotate, produce eddy-current damping, and then formed damping torque hinder damping shaft rotation;Work as damping
When moment of torsion is equal with the power output of motor, described device and eddy current damper to be measured remain a constant speed rotation, go to S3.
It is further comprising the steps of after S5 on the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal:By changing motor speed, test and count
Calculate multigroup damping due to rotation coefficient Cr。
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1st, in the present invention, the tester for testing rotation torque and rotating speed, motor are fixed with the top of tester bracket
Motor and speed reducer is fixed with the top of support, tester, respectively with reductor, damping axis connection, is damped by tester mandrel
Axle is connected by bearing, flat key with eddy current damper to be measured.With needing to set large tonnage omnipotent examination in the prior art
The machine of testing is compared, and test device of the invention is simple in construction, is easily installed, and the debugging in later stage is convenient with conserving, and can be met actual raw
Produce design requirement.
When the 2nd, being tested using the device of the present invention, motor is by driving mandrel to drive the tester mandrel of tester to turn
Dynamic, tester mandrel drives damping shaft to rotate by second shaft coupling, and damping shaft drives eddy-current damping to be measured by flat key
Two dampened disks of device rotate, and the permanent magnet on the dampened disk and magnet fixed disc of rotation relatively rotates, and produce electricity
Eddy current damping, and then form the rotation that damping torque hinders damping shaft.When test device and eddy current damper to be measured are protected
When holding uniform rotation, you can rotation torque T and rotational speed omega are accurately tested out by tester, finally according to formula Cr=T/ ω,
Calculate corresponding damping due to rotation coefficient Cr.Whole operation process is simple and convenient, easily operated, and with using number in the prior art
Value analog form or theoretical calculation mode are compared, and the error of method of testing of the invention is smaller.
3rd, in the present invention, the outer cover of damping shaft is provided with two positioning retainer rings, and two positioning retainer rings are close to two resistances respectively
The outside of Buddhist nun's disk, two dampened disks can be prevented to be moved in rotation process along the axial direction of damping shaft, it is spacing so as to play
Effect;In addition, the outside of damping shaft is also arranged with wireless strain tester, and wireless strain tester is connected with by wire
At least three sets of three-dimensional foil gauges, the wireless strain tester and three-dimensional foil gauge are used for testing the stress distribution of damping shaft ring,
Stress value according to testing judges whether test device is under non-ideal working condition, it is necessary to carry out axiality regulation, from
And the stability in test process and accuracy is effectively ensured.
4th, in the present invention, tester is fixed on tester bracket by adjusting nut.When the strain by three-dimensional foil gauge
When value judges that test device is under non-ideal working condition, tester can be finely adjusted by adjusting nut, made whole
Device ensures good axiality in rotation process, and then ensure that test device is carried out under ideal operation state
Test, effectively increases measuring accuracy.
5th, the present invention's is applied widely, can not only be applied to the survey of the damping due to rotation coefficient of all kinds of eddy current dampers
Examination, moreover it is possible to expand to moment of torsion, the measurement of rotating speed field of other equipment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation for the device that eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient is tested in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the enlarged diagram of part A in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the distribution schematic diagram of three-dimensional foil gauge in the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference:
1- dampened disks;2- magnet fixed discs;3- bearings;4- flat keys;5- fixing nuts;6- positioning retainer rings;7- locating rings;8-
Damping shaft;9- three-dimensional foil gauges;10- wireless strain testers;11- second shaft couplings;12- tester mandrels;13- testers;
14- first shaft couplings;15- drives mandrel;16- reductors;17- motors;18- bottom plates;19- tester brackets;20- adjusts spiral shell
It is female;21- electric machine supports.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
In practical operation, damped coefficient CrIt is not directly to measure, but by indirectly testing rotation torque and rotating speed,
It is calculated further according to formula.Specifically, according to the mechanical relationship of eddy current damper rotating device:
T=Cr·ω
In formula, T is rotation torque, unit Nm;ω is rotating speed, unit rad/s.Wherein T and ω pass through the present invention
Device is measured, and the damping due to rotation coefficient C of eddy current damper is then calculated using above-mentioned formular, i.e. Cr=T/ ω.The present invention
Primarily directed to the design of accurate measurement rotation torque T and the rotational speed omega test configuration carried out.
Shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of device (letter for testing eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient
Claim test device), including bottom plate 18 and the tester bracket 19, the electric machine support 21 that are fixed on the top of bottom plate 18, tester bracket
19 top is fixed with the tester 13 for testing rotation torque and rotating speed, and the top of electric machine support 21 is fixed with the He of motor 17
Reductor 16, motor 17 with reductor 16 by driving mandrel 15 to be connected, and motor 17, reductor 16, the three of tester 13
Axis is located in same horizontal line.
The central horizontal of tester 13 is provided with tester mandrel 12, and one end of the tester mandrel 12 passes through the first shaft coupling
For device 14 with being connected for connecting motor 17 with the driving mandrel 15 of reductor 16, the other end is connected with use by second shaft coupling 11
In the damping shaft 8 being connected with eddy current damper.
Wherein, referring to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the outer cover of damping shaft 8 is provided with two and is used to limit eddy current damper axial direction
Mobile positioning retainer ring 6, two positioning retainer rings 6 are fixed on damping shaft 8 by fixing nut 5;The outside of damping shaft 8 is also arranged
There is wireless strain tester 10, wireless strain tester 10 is connected with least three sets of three-dimensional foil gauges 9 by wire, and the three-dimensional should
Become piece 9 and be fixed on the outer surface of damping shaft 8, and be uniformly distributed along damping shaft 8 is circumferential.The wireless strain tester 10 and three-dimensional strain
Piece 9 is used for testing the stress distribution of the ring of damping shaft 8, if damping shaft 8 does pure twist motion, position according to ideal operation state
Should be substantially close in the strain value of the three-dimensional foil gauge 9 of the diverse location of damping shaft 8;If the strain value difference of three-dimensional foil gauge 9
It is different larger, then illustrate damping shaft 8 not only there occurs pure torsional deflection, and there occurs flexural deformation to a certain extent, entirely
Test device is under non-ideal working condition, it is necessary to carry out axiality regulation.
It is shown in Figure 1, in order to adjust the axiality of this test device, the deviation that rotational band is come is reduced, improves test essence
Exactness, tester 13 are fixed on tester bracket 19 by least two adjusting nut 20.When the strain by three-dimensional foil gauge 9
When value judges that test device is under non-ideal working condition, tester 13 can be finely adjusted by adjusting nut 20, made
Whole device ensures good axiality in rotation process, and then test device is in preferable working condition.This implementation
In example, adjusting nut 20 is four, is symmetrical arranged along the longitudinal axis of tester 13 so that the precision of fine setting is higher, operates
More to facilitate.
In the present embodiment, test device also includes being used for controlling the microcontroller (not shown) of each part, in tester 13
Portion is provided with moment of torsion acquisition module (not shown) and rotating speed acquisition module (not shown), microcontroller respectively with motor 17, slow down
Machine 16, tester 13, wireless strain tester 10 connect.In addition, it is shown in Figure 3, in order to preferably test the ring of damping shaft 8
Stress distribution, the outer surface of damping shaft 8 is evenly distributed with four sets of three-dimensional foil gauges 9 along its circumference, pass through test at 4 points should
Variate, can be accurately judged to whether test device is in ideal operation state.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of the test eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient based on said apparatus, including
Following steps:
S1:Test system is built:Mounted test device and eddy current damper to be measured are attached, gone to
S2。
By taking double damped disc eddy current dampers as an example, during practical operation, S1's concretely comprises the following steps:In mounted test
A dampened disk 1, magnet fixed disc 2 and another damping of eddy current damper to be measured are set with the damping shaft 8 of device successively
Disk 1, wherein, magnet fixed disc 2 is connected by bearing 3 with damping shaft 8, and two dampened disks 1 are connected by flat key 4 with damping shaft 8,
And bottom plate 18 is fixed in the bottom of magnet fixed disc 2, it is each provided with being used to keep between magnet fixed disc 2 and two dampened disks 1
The locating ring 7 of spacing;Two positioning retainer rings 6 on damping shaft 8 are close to outside and the fixation of two dampened disks 1 respectively so that
Two dampened disks 1 will not be moved in rotation process along the axial direction of damping shaft 8, go to S2.
S2:The test running of test system:Start test device;Test device after startup is driven to be measured by damping shaft 8
Eddy current damper can not stall, the rotation until test device and eddy current damper to be measured remain a constant speed, go to S3.
During practical operation, S2's concretely comprises the following steps:Start motor 17, motor 17 is by driving mandrel 15 to drive reductor 16
Rotate, after the deceleration by reductor 16, the rotating speed of driving mandrel 15 reduces, output torque increase;Mandrel 15 is driven by the
One shaft coupling 14 drives the tester mandrel 12 of tester 13 to rotate, and tester mandrel 12 is by second shaft coupling 11 with dynamic damping
Axle 8 rotates, and damping shaft 8 drives two dampened disks 1 of eddy current damper to be measured to rotate by flat key 4, the resistance of rotation
Buddhist nun's disk 1 relatively rotates with the permanent magnet on magnet fixed disc 2, produces eddy-current damping, and then forms damping torque and hinder
The rotation of damping shaft 8;When damping torque is equal with the power output of motor 17, test device and eddy current damper to be measured
Remain a constant speed rotation, goes to S3.
S3:The debugging of test system:The velocity of rotation of test device is slowed down using reductor 16;Judgement is located at damping shaft
Whether the strain value of the three-dimensional foil gauge 9 of 8 outer surface diverse locations differs by more than 2 μ ε, if so, there occurs one for explanation damping shaft 8
Determine the flexural deformation in degree, whole test device is in non-ideal working condition, goes to S4;If it is not, explanation damping shaft 8 is only
The pure torsional deflection of generation, whole device are in ideal operation state, go to S5.
S4:The fine setting of tester:Tester 13 is finely adjusted by adjusting nut 20, until whole device is in ideal
Under working condition, S5 is gone to.
S5:The actual measurement of data:The rotation torque T and rotational speed omega of the real-time testing of tester 13 are recorded, according to formula Cr=T/
ω, calculate corresponding damping due to rotation coefficient Cr。
,, can be by changing motor 17 after S5 in order to improve the accuracy of test data and reliability during actual test
Rotating speed, test and calculate multigroup damping due to rotation coefficient Cr, referred to as measured data.
Those skilled in the art can carry out various modifications and variations to the embodiment of the present invention, if these modifications and change
Type category is within the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies, then these modifications and variations are also in the protection model of the present invention
Within enclosing.The prior art that the content not being described in detail in specification is known to the skilled person.