CN105092236A - Device and method used for testing rotation damping coefficients of eddy current damper - Google Patents
Device and method used for testing rotation damping coefficients of eddy current damper Download PDFInfo
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- CN105092236A CN105092236A CN201510579913.8A CN201510579913A CN105092236A CN 105092236 A CN105092236 A CN 105092236A CN 201510579913 A CN201510579913 A CN 201510579913A CN 105092236 A CN105092236 A CN 105092236A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method used for testing rotation damping coefficients of an eddy current damper and relates to the inclined stay cable vibration control technology field. The top portion of a tester support of the device is fixed with a tester used for testing rotation torques and rotation speeds, the top portion of a motor support is fixed with a motor and a speed reducer, the motor and the speed reducer are connected through a driving mandrel, the center of the tester is horizontally provided with a tester mandrel, one end of the tester mandrel is connected with the driving mandrel through a first shaft coupling, the other end of the tester mandrel is connected with a damping shaft through a second shaft coupling, the outer portion of the damping shaft is sleeved with two positioning retainer rings fixed on the damping shaft and one wireless strain tester, the wireless strain tester is connected with at least three sets of three-dimensional strain gages, and the three-dimensional strain gages are fixed on the outer surface of the damping shaft and are uniformly and circumferentially distributed along the damping shaft. The device has advantages of simple structure, easy operation and high test precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Inclined Cable Vibration control technology field, is specifically a kind of device and method testing eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient.
Background technology
Suspension cable is the important primary structure member of cable-stayed bridge, because the initial damping of suspension cable is little, slenderness ratio large, under traffic loading and external wind load action, easily vibration problem occurs.Through practice test, increasing the modal damping of suspension cable system by installing suspension cable damper, is a kind of effective way to control the way of Inclined Cable Vibration.Current suspension cable damper has polytype, comprises hydraulic damper, pulse damper, rotary damper, viscous damper, eddy current damper etc.Wherein, eddy current damper is a kind of Novel inclined drag-line damper, this damper by displacement transmission system, the vibration of suspension cable is converted in the hoop alternating magnetic field that dampened disk formed at permanent magnet and rotates, thus generation eddy-current damping controls the vibration of suspension cable.
Determine that the most important parameters of eddy current damper vibration control effect is the damping due to rotation coefficient C of eddy current damper
r.Damping due to rotation coefficient C
ronly relevant with the internal structure of damping unit, i.e. the distance etc. of the magnetic induction density of the size of dampened disk, material electric conductivity, permanent magnet, dampened disk and permanent magnet, and have nothing to do with the dynamic response of suspension cable.In order to obtain ratio of damping C
r, usually can adopt theory calculate, numerical simulation and experimental test three kinds of methods.
Theory calculate refers under the prerequisite of certain hypothesis, sets up the theoretical model of the damping action produced when dampened disk rotates in magnetic field, calculates ratio of damping based on this theoretical model.But the alternating magnetic field that permanent magnet is formed is very complicated at space distribution rule, and theoretical formula is difficult to accurate description, and therefore often error is larger for result of calculation.
Numerical simulation utilizes electromagnetic finite element analysis software (as Maxwell), sets up the finite element model of damping unit, simulation permanent magnet formed spatial variations magnetic field and dampened disk move in this space magnetic field produce eddy-current damping effect.The method than theoretical calculation model closer to truly, but in fact the magnetic induction density of permanent magnet own is uneven, the change of the magnetic induction density of permanent magnet under magnet fixed disc effect, by the impact of magnet fixed disc material character, because these two parameters cannot Measurement accuracy, therefore there is certain error in the input parameter of finite element model, result in final numerical simulation result and also there is certain error.
What testing method adopted is universal testing machine, and universal testing machine can not directly be applied, and needing the convert rotational motion of electric eddy-current damping device is linear movement, and test method is comparatively complicated.In addition, the tonnage of conventional universal testing machine is comparatively large, and the ratio of damping of eddy current damper is less, makes test result precision not high.
Relatively above three kinds of methods are known, the shortcoming not malleable (error is larger) of theory calculate and numerical simulation, can only as the reference of damper primary design, and final ratio of damping still needs to be determined by test; And adopting universal testing machine to test, complicated operation and precision are not high.Therefore, adopt a kind of simple and practical method for testing and detecting, accurately test damper ratio of damping C
rit is the task of top priority.
Summary of the invention
For the defect existed in prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device and method testing eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient, not only structure is simple, is easy to operation; And measuring accuracy is high.
For reaching above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: provide a kind of device testing eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient, comprise base plate and the tester bracket, the electric machine support that are fixed on base plate top, the top of tester bracket is fixed with the tester for testing rotary torque and rotating speed, the top of electric machine support is fixed with motor and speed reducer, and motor is connected by driving mandrel with reductor; The central horizontal of tester is provided with tester mandrel, and one end of tester mandrel is connected with described driving mandrel by the first shaft coupling, and the other end is connected with the damping shaft for being connected with eddy current damper by the second shaft coupling; The outer cover of described damping shaft is provided with two for limiting the positioning retainer ring that eddy current damper moves axially, and two positioning retainer rings are all fixed on damping shaft; The outside of damping shaft is also arranged with wireless strain tester, and wireless strain tester is connected with at least three cover three-dimensional foil gauges, and described three-dimensional foil gauge is fixed on damping shaft outside surface, and is uniformly distributed along damping shaft circumference.
On the basis of technique scheme, described tester is fixed on tester bracket by least 2 setting nuts.
On the basis of technique scheme, described setting nut is four, and four setting nuts are symmetrical arranged along the longitudinal axis of tester.
On the basis of technique scheme, the outside surface of described damping shaft is evenly distributed with four cover three-dimensional foil gauges along its circumference.
On the basis of technique scheme, the inside of described tester is provided with moment of torsion acquisition module and rotating speed acquisition module.
On the basis of technique scheme, this device also comprises microcontroller, and described microcontroller is connected with motor, reductor, tester, wireless strain tester respectively.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of the test eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient based on said apparatus, comprises the steps:
S1: building of test macro: the device of mounted test eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient is connected with eddy current damper to be measured, forwards S2 to;
S2: the test working of test macro: start described device; Described device drives eddy current damper not stall to be measured to move by damping shaft, rotates, forward S3 to until described device and eddy current damper to be measured all remain a constant speed;
S3: the debugging of test macro: utilize reductor the velocity of rotation of described device to be slowed down; Judge whether the strain value being positioned at the three-dimensional foil gauge of damping shaft outside surface diverse location differs by more than 2 μ ε, if, illustrate that damping shaft there occurs flexural deformation to a certain extent, whole device is in imperfect duty, forward S4 to, if not, illustrate that pure torsional deflection only occurs damping shaft, whole device is in ideal operation state, forwards S5 to;
S4: the fine setting of tester: finely tuned tester by setting nut, until under whole device is in ideal operation state, forward S5 to;
S5: the actual measurement of data: the rotary torque T of record tester real-time testing and rotational speed omega, according to formula C
r=T/ ω, calculates corresponding damping due to rotation coefficient C
r.
On the basis of technique scheme, the concrete steps of S1 are: on the damping shaft of mounted described device, be set with a dampened disk of eddy current damper to be measured, magnet fixed disc and another dampened disk successively, wherein, magnet fixed disc is connected with damping shaft by bearing, two dampened disks are connected with damping shaft by flat key, and base plate is fixed in the bottom of magnet fixed disc; Two of damping shaft positioning retainer rings be close to respectively the outside of two dampened disks and fix, forwarding S2 to.
On the basis of technique scheme, the concrete steps of S2 are: starter motor, and motor drives reductor to rotate by driving mandrel, and after the deceleration of reductor, drive the rotating speed of mandrel to reduce, output torque increases; Mandrel is driven to drive the tester mandrel of tester to rotate by the first shaft coupling, tester mandrel drives damping shaft to rotate by the second shaft coupling, damping shaft drives two of eddy current damper to be measured dampened disks to rotate by flat key, rotate dampened disk and magnet fixed disc on permanent magnet relatively rotate, produce eddy-current damping, and then form the rotation that damping torque hinders damping shaft; When damping torque is equal with the output power of motor, described device and eddy current damper to be measured all remain a constant speed and rotate, and forward S3 to.
On the basis of technique scheme, further comprising the steps of after S5: by changing motor speed, test and calculate the damping due to rotation coefficient C organized more
r.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, in the present invention, the top of tester bracket is fixed with the tester for testing rotary torque and rotating speed, the top of electric machine support is fixed with motor and speed reducer, tester is connected with reductor, damping shaft respectively by tester mandrel, and damping shaft is connected with eddy current damper to be measured by bearing, flat key.With need to arrange compared with large tonnage universal testing machine in prior art, proving installation structure of the present invention is simple, be easy to install, and debugging and the maintenance in later stage are convenient, can meet actual production designing requirement.
When 2, utilizing device of the present invention to test, motor drives the tester mandrel of tester to rotate by driving mandrel, tester mandrel drives damping shaft to rotate by the second shaft coupling, damping shaft drives two of eddy current damper to be measured dampened disks to rotate by flat key, rotate dampened disk and magnet fixed disc on permanent magnet relatively rotate, produce eddy-current damping, and then form the rotation that damping torque hinders damping shaft.When proving installation and eddy current damper to be measured all remain a constant speed rotate time, namely accurately test out rotary torque T and rotational speed omega by tester, finally according to formula C
r=T/ ω, calculates corresponding damping due to rotation coefficient C
r.Whole operating process is simple and convenient, be easy to operation, and with adopt compared with numerical simulation mode or theory calculate mode in prior art, the error of method of testing of the present invention is less.
3, in the present invention, the outer cover of damping shaft is provided with two positioning retainer rings, and two positioning retainer rings are close to the outside of two dampened disks respectively, the axis of two dampened disks along damping shaft in rotation process can be prevented to be moved, thus play spacing effect; In addition, the outside of damping shaft is also arranged with wireless strain tester, wireless strain tester is connected with at least three cover three-dimensional foil gauges by wire, this wireless strain tester and three-dimensional foil gauge are used for testing the stress distribution of damping shaft hoop, under judging whether proving installation is in imperfect duty according to the stress value tested, need to carry out right alignment adjustment, thus effectively ensure that the stability in test process and accuracy.
4, in the present invention, tester is fixed on tester bracket by setting nut.When the strain value by three-dimensional foil gauge judges that proving installation is under imperfect duty, by setting nut, tester is finely tuned, make whole device in rotation process, ensure good right alignment, and then ensure that proving installation is the test carried out under being in ideal operation state, effectively improve measuring accuracy.
5, of the present invention applied widely, the test of the damping due to rotation coefficient of all kinds of eddy current damper can not only be applicable to, the moment of torsion of other equipment, measurement of rotating speed field can also be expanded to.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the device testing eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the enlarged diagram of part A in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the distribution schematic diagram of three-dimensional foil gauge in the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numeral:
1-dampened disk; 2-magnet fixed disc; 3-bearing; 4-flat key; 5-hold-down nut; 6-positioning retainer ring; 7-locating ring; 8-damping shaft; 9-three-dimensional foil gauge; 10-wireless strain tester; 11-second shaft coupling; 12-tester mandrel; 13-tester; 14-first shaft coupling; 15-drives mandrel; 16-reductor; 17-motor; 18-base plate; 19-tester bracket; 20-setting nut; 21-electric machine support.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described in further detail.
When practical operation, ratio of damping C
rbe not directly record, but by indirectly testing rotary torque and rotating speed, then obtain according to formulae discovery.Specifically, according to the mechanical relationship of eddy current damper whirligig:
T＝C
r·ω
In formula, T is rotary torque, and unit is Nm; ω is rotating speed, and unit is rad/s.Wherein T and ω is measured by apparatus of the present invention, then utilizes above-mentioned formulae discovery to go out the damping due to rotation coefficient C of eddy current damper
r, i.e. C
r=T/ ω.The design of the test configuration that the present invention mainly carries out for Measurement accuracy rotary torque T and rotational speed omega.
Shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of device (abbreviation proving installation) testing eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient, comprise base plate 18 and the tester bracket 19, the electric machine support 21 that are fixed on base plate 18 top, the top of tester bracket 19 is fixed with the tester 13 for testing rotary torque and rotating speed, the top of electric machine support 21 is fixed with motor 17 and reductor 16, motor 17 and reductor 16 are by driving mandrel 15 to be connected, and the axis of motor 17, reductor 16, tester 13 three is positioned on same level line.
The central horizontal of tester 13 is provided with tester mandrel 12, one end of this tester mandrel 12 is connected with the driving mandrel 15 of reductor 16 with for being connected motor 17 by the first shaft coupling 14, and the other end is connected with the damping shaft 8 for being connected with eddy current damper by the second shaft coupling 11.
Wherein, shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the outer cover of damping shaft 8 is provided with two positioning retainer ring 6, two positioning retainer rings 6 moved axially for limiting eddy current damper and is all fixed on damping shaft 8 by hold-down nut 5; The outside of damping shaft 8 is also arranged with wireless strain tester 10, and wireless strain tester 10 is connected with at least three cover three-dimensional foil gauges 9 by wire, and this three-dimensional foil gauge 9 is fixed on damping shaft 8 outside surface, and is uniformly distributed along damping shaft 8 circumference.This wireless strain tester 10 and three-dimensional foil gauge 9 are used for testing the stress distribution of damping shaft 8 hoop, if damping shaft 8 does pure twisting motion according to ideal operation state, then the strain value being positioned at the three-dimensional foil gauge 9 of damping shaft 8 diverse location should be substantially close; If the strain value of three-dimensional foil gauge 9 differs greatly, then illustrate that damping shaft 8 not only there occurs pure torsional deflection, and there occurs flexural deformation to a certain extent, under whole proving installation is in imperfect duty, need to carry out right alignment adjustment.
Shown in Figure 1, in order to regulate the right alignment of this proving installation, reducing the deviation of rotating and bringing, improving testing precision, tester 13 is fixed on tester bracket 19 by least 2 setting nuts 20.When the strain value by three-dimensional foil gauge 9 judges that proving installation is under imperfect duty, finely tune by setting nut 20 pairs of testers 13, make whole device in rotation process, ensure good right alignment, and then make proving installation be in desirable duty.In the present embodiment, setting nut 20 is four, and the longitudinal axis along tester 13 is symmetrical arranged, and makes the precision of fine setting higher, operates convenient.
In the present embodiment, proving installation also comprises the microcontroller (not shown) for controlling each parts, tester 13 inside is provided with moment of torsion acquisition module (not shown) and rotating speed acquisition module (not shown), and microcontroller is connected with motor 17, reductor 16, tester 13, wireless strain tester 10 respectively.In addition, shown in Figure 3, in order to better test the stress distribution of damping shaft 8 hoop, the outside surface of damping shaft 8 is evenly distributed with four cover three-dimensional foil gauges 9 along its circumference, by testing the strain value at 4 places, accurately can judge whether proving installation is in ideal operation state.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of the test eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient based on said apparatus, comprises the steps:
S1: building of test macro: mounted proving installation is connected with eddy current damper to be measured, forwards S2 to.
For two damped disc eddy current damper, during practical operation, the concrete steps of S1 are: on the damping shaft 8 of mounted proving installation, be set with a dampened disk 1 of eddy current damper to be measured, magnet fixed disc 2 and another dampened disk 1 successively, wherein, magnet fixed disc 2 is connected with damping shaft 8 by bearing 3, two dampened disks 1 are connected with damping shaft 8 by flat key 4, and base plate 18 is fixed in the bottom of magnet fixed disc 2, between magnet fixed disc 2 and two dampened disks 1, be respectively provided with the locating ring 7 for keeping spacing; On damping shaft 8 two positioning retainer ring 6 be close to respectively the outside of two dampened disks 1 and fix, two dampened disks 1 can not being moved along the axis of damping shaft 8 in rotation process, forwarding S2 to.
S2: the test working of test macro: start proving installation; Proving installation after startup drives eddy current damper not stall to be measured to move by damping shaft 8, rotates, forward S3 to until proving installation and eddy current damper to be measured all remain a constant speed.
During practical operation, the concrete steps of S2 are: starter motor 17, and motor 17 drives reductor 16 to rotate by driving mandrel 15, and after the deceleration by reductor 16, drive the rotating speed of mandrel 15 to reduce, output torque increases; Mandrel 15 is driven to drive the tester mandrel 12 of tester 13 to rotate by the first shaft coupling 14, tester mandrel 12 drives damping shaft 8 to rotate by the second shaft coupling 11, damping shaft 8 drives two of eddy current damper to be measured dampened disks 1 to rotate by flat key 4, the dampened disk 1 rotated relatively rotates with the permanent magnet on magnet fixed disc 2, produce eddy-current damping, and then form the rotation that damping torque hinders damping shaft 8; When damping torque is equal with the output power of motor 17, proving installation and eddy current damper to be measured all remain a constant speed and rotate, and forward S3 to.
S3: the debugging of test macro: utilize reductor 16 velocity of rotation of proving installation to be slowed down; Judge whether the strain value being positioned at the three-dimensional foil gauge 9 of damping shaft 8 outside surface diverse location differs by more than 2 μ ε, if so, illustrate that damping shaft 8 there occurs flexural deformation to a certain extent, whole proving installation is in imperfect duty, forwards S4 to; If not illustrate that pure torsional deflection only occurs damping shaft 8, whole device is in ideal operation state, forwards S5 to.
S4: the fine setting of tester: finely tuned by setting nut 20 pairs of testers 13, until under whole device is in ideal operation state, forward S5 to.
S5: the actual measurement of data: the rotary torque T of record tester 13 real-time testing and rotational speed omega, according to formula C
r=T/ ω, calculates corresponding damping due to rotation coefficient C
r.
During actual test, in order to improve accuracy and the reliability of test data, after S5, by changing motor 17 rotating speed, testing and calculating the damping due to rotation coefficient C organized more
r, as measured data reference.
Those skilled in the art can carry out various modifications and variations to the embodiment of the present invention, if these amendments and modification belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then these revise and modification also within protection scope of the present invention.The prior art that the content do not described in detail in instructions is known to the skilled person.
Claims (10)
1. test the device of eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient for one kind, it is characterized in that: comprise base plate (18) and be fixed on tester bracket (19), the electric machine support (21) at base plate (18) top, the top of tester bracket (19) is fixed with the tester (13) for testing rotary torque and rotating speed, the top of electric machine support (21) is fixed with motor (17) and reductor (16), and motor (17) and reductor (16) are by driving mandrel (15) to be connected;
The central horizontal of tester (13) is provided with tester mandrel (12), one end of tester mandrel (12) is connected with described driving mandrel (15) by the first shaft coupling (14), and the other end is connected with the damping shaft (8) for being connected with eddy current damper by the second shaft coupling (11);
The outer cover of described damping shaft (8) is provided with two for limiting the positioning retainer ring (6) that eddy current damper moves axially, and two positioning retainer rings (6) are all fixed on damping shaft (8); The outside of damping shaft (8) is also arranged with wireless strain tester (10), wireless strain tester (10) is connected with at least three covers three-dimensional foil gauge (9), described three-dimensional foil gauge (9) is fixed on damping shaft (8) outside surface, and is uniformly distributed along damping shaft (8) circumference.
2. the device of test eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described tester (13) is fixed on tester bracket (19) by least 2 setting nuts (20).
3. the device of test eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described setting nut (20) is four, four setting nuts (20) are symmetrical arranged along the longitudinal axis of tester (13).
4. the device of test eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the outside surface of described damping shaft (8) is evenly distributed with four cover three-dimensional foil gauges (9) along its circumference.
5. the device of test eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the inside of described tester (13) is provided with moment of torsion acquisition module and rotating speed acquisition module.
6. the device of the test eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: this device also comprises microcontroller, described microcontroller is connected with motor (17), reductor (16), tester (13), wireless strain tester (10) respectively.
7., based on a method for the test eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient of device described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
S1: building of test macro: the device of mounted test eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient is connected with eddy current damper to be measured, forwards S2 to;
S2: the test working of test macro: start described device; Described device drives eddy current damper not stall to be measured to move by damping shaft (8), rotates, forward S3 to until described device and eddy current damper to be measured all remain a constant speed;
S3: the debugging of test macro: utilize reductor (16) velocity of rotation of described device to be slowed down; Judge whether the strain value being positioned at the three-dimensional foil gauge (9) of damping shaft (8) outside surface diverse location differs by more than 2 μ ε, if, illustrate that damping shaft (8) there occurs flexural deformation to a certain extent, whole device is in imperfect duty, forward S4 to, if not, illustrate that pure torsional deflection only occurs damping shaft (8), whole device is in ideal operation state, forwards S5 to;
S4: the fine setting of tester: finely tuned tester (13) by setting nut (20), until under whole device is in ideal operation state, forward S5 to;
S5: the actual measurement of data: the rotary torque T of record tester (13) real-time testing and rotational speed omega, according to formula C
r=T/ ω, calculates corresponding damping due to rotation coefficient C
r.
8. the method for test eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the concrete steps of S1 are: the dampened disk (1) being set with eddy current damper to be measured on the damping shaft (8) of mounted described device successively, magnet fixed disc (2) and another dampened disk (1), wherein, magnet fixed disc (2) is connected with damping shaft (8) by bearing (3), two dampened disks (1) are connected with damping shaft (8) by flat key (4), and base plate (18) is fixed in the bottom of magnet fixed disc (2), two positioning retainer rings (6) on damping shaft (8) be close to respectively the outside of two dampened disks (1) and fix, forwarding S2 to.
9. the method for test eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, the concrete steps of S2 are: starter motor (17), motor (17) drives reductor (16) to rotate by driving mandrel (15), after deceleration by reductor (16), drive the rotating speed of mandrel (15) to reduce, output torque increases; Mandrel (15) is driven to drive the tester mandrel (12) of tester (13) to rotate by the first shaft coupling (14), tester mandrel (12) drives damping shaft (8) to rotate by the second shaft coupling (11), damping shaft (8) drives two of eddy current damper to be measured dampened disks (1) to rotate by flat key (4), the dampened disk (1) rotated relatively rotates with the permanent magnet on magnet fixed disc (2), produce eddy-current damping, and then form the rotation that damping torque hinders damping shaft (8); When damping torque is equal with the output power of motor (17), described device and eddy current damper to be measured all remain a constant speed and rotate, and forward S3 to.
10. the method for test eddy current damper damping due to rotation coefficient as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: further comprising the steps of after S5: by changing motor (17) rotating speed, testing and calculating the damping due to rotation coefficient C organized more
r.
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