CN105089842B - A kind of cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine and its processing method with cylinder barrel - Google Patents
A kind of cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine and its processing method with cylinder barrel Download PDFInfo
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- CN105089842B CN105089842B CN201510535096.6A CN201510535096A CN105089842B CN 105089842 B CN105089842 B CN 105089842B CN 201510535096 A CN201510535096 A CN 201510535096A CN 105089842 B CN105089842 B CN 105089842B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine and its processing method with cylinder barrel, including cylinder cover, on cylinder body, air intake duct, exhaust duct, nozzle opening and mounting hole are provided with the cylinder cover, cylinder structure is provided with the cylinder cover bottom, the cylinder structure includes cylinder sleeve and cooling water cavity, and the cooling water cavity is arranged at outside cylinder sleeve and integral with the cylinder sleeve shape.This cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine and its processing method with cylinder barrel, using in cylinder head bottom structure of the setting with cylinder barrel and staged pouring technology and Four-axis milling and processing mode that is sleeping plus being combined, cylinder sleeve and cooling water cavity are fixedly mounted as overall for it, not only effectively improve the cooling effect of cylinder head cylinder barrel part, and largely reduce the bulk strength requirement of cylinder body, machining accuracy and processing efficiency are improved, thus improves and manufactures efficiency and cost-effective.
Description
Technical field：
The present invention relates to a kind of cylinder cover for diesel engine and its machining manufacture.
Background technology：
Single cylinder diesel is simple in construction, and organization of production is comparatively easy, and price is cheap, has gradually formed special with China
The single cylinder engine ranks of color, it is adapted to the relatively low national conditions of purchasing power in the long-term use habit in China rural area and current rural area, still
The low price competition of single cylinder diesel and product homogeneity and low-level repetition also make being short of power for enterprise technology upgrading,
And environmental regulation was increasingly strict in recent years, on the October 1st, 15 that is emitted on of non-road single cylinder diesel must reach before
The standard of state III, can not sell the diesel engine less than national Ⅲ emission before on April 1st, 2016 again, and domestic single cylinder diesel at present
Nominal power is bigger than normal, causes the reliability of product, discharge performance to be deteriorated, high using oil consumption, thus can not in use save and subtract
Row, therefore, single cylinder diesel of new generation answers the demarcation diesel engine power of science, and designs fuel limit device, studies emission controls by improving combustion
Key technology, reduce discharge, by injection system, the matching optimization of air exchange system and chamber structure, especially by raising
The system optimization of single cylinder diesel injection system, combustion process carry out Optimization of Diesel Engine combination property, and single cylinder cylinder head is diesel oil
The critical piece of machine, plays the role of very important to diesel engine performance, is sleeve port in single cylinder cylinder head bottom, due to cylinder sleeve
Table is directly acted on by high-temperature fuel gas in hole, and high-speed friction occurs with piston ring and piston all the time, and traditional structure is to pass through cylinder
Body water cavity cools down cylinder sleeve, it is thus impossible to reach preferable cooling effect, and traditional structure is higher to the intensity requirement of cylinder body, because
And make it that the weight of cylinder body increases, and not only bad for low production efficiency and is unfavorable for carrying, and cost is higher.
The content of the invention：
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of cooling effect that can effectively improve cylinder head and can be effective
Improve production and processing precision and efficiency, cost-effective cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine and its processing method.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel, including cylinder cover, on cylinder body, in the cylinder head
Body is provided with air intake duct, exhaust duct, nozzle opening and the mounting hole that cylinder cover and cylinder body can link together, in the gas
Cylinder body bottom is provided with cylinder structure, and the cylinder structure includes cylinder sleeve and the cooling for the effect of cooling can be played to cylinder sleeve
Water cavity, the cooling water cavity are arranged at outside cylinder sleeve and integral with the cylinder sleeve shape.
Preferably, the air intake duct is arranged to make its interior oil gas obtain well-mixed helical channel structure.As
It is preferred that the copper sheathing that can strengthen its cooling performance is provided with the nozzle opening.
Preferably, the cylinder body is using aluminium alloy cylinder made of extrusion process.
A kind of processing method of the cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel, cylinder head has cylinder cover, in the gas
Cylinder body bottom is provided with cylinder structure, and the cylinder structure includes cylinder sleeve and the cooling for the effect of cooling can be played to cylinder sleeve
Water cavity, it is characterised in that：The processing method includes process and the side of the main body water channel cored structure of cylinder cover casting process
Method, the casting technique and machine-tooled method of cylinder head.
Preferably, the water channel cored structure can use high temperature resistance, the coating of high osmosis, the core sand in it then uses
With low thermal coefficient of expansion, spherical sand grains, good mobility, gas permeability is low, surface is smooth, compact structure, refractoriness are high,
It is easily defeated and dispersed so that casting water cavity is smooth, the material of dimensionally stable is made.
Preferably, the casting technique of the cylinder head is mainly realized by following technique：
A, using ladder pouring technology；
B, compound positioning is used between loam core and loam core, i.e., the coarse positioning for having guiding when transferring all loam cores, is also had
Ensure the fine positioning of the positioning precision of all loam cores, using positioning cored structure, the fine positioning of all loam cores is using locating core as base
Standard, in short transverse, to prevent loam core from deforming, there is support；
C, there is steam vent all loam core inner chambers and connect with external form and worn, and plane is vented by flanging, is vented piece on die body
Exhaust, exhaust needle exhaust.
Cylinder head is processed in the machine-tooled method of the cylinder head, the processing being combined using Four-axis milling and horizontal processing
Mode, manufacturing procedure is reduced to 5, be broadly divided into following manufacturing procedure：
Plane in processing；Lower plane and sleeve port are processed on the basis of upper plane；Four axle panoramic tables process three sides；Processing
One side and intake and exhaust valve string holes；Sleeve port Honing process.Wherein, in above-mentioned manufacturing procedure, to traditional processing mode
And cutter is improved, predominantly：
A, using band sliver cutter, knife footpath ratio is made by 8:1 improves to 20:1；
B, guide hole and valve line are combined processing；
C, with high-speed cutting, -- slow cutting -- griffes -- the step of high-speed cutting, is higher than the surface smoothness of valve line
0.8, bounce is less than 0.04mm.
Preferably, the cylinder head processing and the sleeve port Honing process must be completed integrally, work flow is thick
--- --- --- --- corase grind --- fine grinding -- platform mill, processing request therein is mainly following items for pre-grinding for right boring for half right boring for boring：
A, sleeve port cylindricity tolerance requirement is less than 0.008.B, 140 ° of reticulate pattern angle.C, the parameter such as Rk, Rpk, Rvk is international standard.
D, it is unilateral to machine finished product bottom side of the wall is 6mm.E, sleeve port bottom is blind hole, escape 8mm.
Preferably, the cylinder head processing and the sleeve port Honing process mainly use following manufacturing procedure and work
Process meets processing request：
A, right boring is added sleeping using sliver cutter, honing surplus is 0.05mm, and cylindricity is controlled 0.006 or so；
B, reticulate pattern angle is bistrique rotary speed and reciprocating speed control, and speed increase is advantageous to improve surface smoothness,
When close to sleeve port bottom, because honing head needs to commutate, therefore the change of speed can influence the angle and other specification of reticulate pattern,
By using servo-drive system lapping machine, system reaches reticulate pattern parameter by speed during adjustment commutation and bistrique rotating speed；
C, bottom increases a short stroke to prevent the generation of the taper in honing process；
D, honing is revised as back taper, honing head bottom is bigger 0.01mm than upper diameter, and maked corrections hole taper.
Compared with prior art, usefulness of the present invention is：This cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel and its
Processing method, added using setting the structure with cylinder barrel and staged pouring technology and Four-axis milling in cylinder head bottom and crouching
The processing mode being combined, cylinder sleeve and cooling water cavity are fixedly mounted as overall for it, not only effectively improve the cold of cylinder head
But effect, and the bulk strength requirement of cylinder body is largely reduced, machining accuracy and processing efficiency are improved, thus carry
The high efficiency and cost-effective manufactured.
Brief description of the drawings：
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the front cross-sectional structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the present invention looks up structural representation of the present invention；
In figure：1st, cylinder cover 3, air intake duct 4, exhaust duct 5, nozzle opening 6, mounting hole 7, cylinder sleeve 8, cooling water cavity
Embodiment：
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment the present invention will be described in detail：
A kind of cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine and its processing method with cylinder barrel, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, including cylinder cover
1, on cylinder body, air intake duct 3, exhaust duct 4, nozzle opening 5 and can be by cylinder cover 1 are provided with the cylinder cover 1
The mounting hole 6 to be linked together with cylinder body, cylinder structure is provided with the bottom of cylinder cover 1, the cylinder structure includes cylinder
Set 7 and the cooling water cavity 8 of the effect of cooling can be played to cylinder sleeve 7, the cooling water cavity 8 be arranged at the outside of cylinder sleeve 7 and with
The shape of cylinder sleeve 7 is integral, during concrete application, because the bore area of cylinder sleeve 7 is directly acted on by high-temperature fuel gas,
And high-speed friction occurs with piston ring and piston all the time, therefore substantial amounts of heat can be produced, and the one of cylinder sleeve 7 and cooling water cavity 8
Structure can preferably play the effect of cooling to cylinder sleeve, and cooling effect is more preferable, moreover, overall knot of the cylinder head with cylinder sleeve 7
Structure causes the intensity requirement reduction to cylinder body, and former alloy castiron cylinder can use the cylinder body of aluminum alloy materials instead, so that cylinder body
Weight is greatly reduced, and alleviates the weight of complete machine, and improves production efficiency, to enable the oil gas in the air intake duct 3 to be filled
Divide mixing, the air intake duct 3 is arranged to make its interior oil gas obtain well-mixed helical channel structure, so that oil gas fires
More abundant, raising efficiency of combustion, energy-saving and emission-reduction are burnt, and are the trigonum sectional area for increasing inlet and outlet road and oil injector hole, are made
Nozzle opening 5 can be cooled down preferably in injection process, and the copper sheathing that can strengthen its cooling performance is provided with the nozzle opening 5, described
Copper sheathing is bushing in the nozzle opening 5, thus effectively improves the cooling effect of the nozzle opening, improves the usability of cylinder head
Energy.
In specific making and process, it is necessary first to the mould parameter progress on demand to each several part agent structure
Design, wherein, the main body water channel cored structure inside cylinder head because its structure is complex and thinnest part only 4mm, it is difficult to
Shaping, thinnest part easy fracture, disconnected core is had in casting process, situations such as local scab, core deform, therefore its water channel
The structure of core mold needs loophole position reasonable in design, core shooting mode, exhaust position, exhaust mode, and the core sand in it is then
Using with low thermal coefficient of expansion, spherical sand grains, good mobility, gas permeability is low, surface is smooth, compact structure, fire resisting
Spend high, easily defeated and dispersed so that casting water cavity is smooth, the material of dimensionally stable, and in the present embodiment is preferably nice foundry sand, in addition, water
Road cored structure can use high temperature resistance, such as coating of high osmosis, zircon flour coating, thus can not only effectively block core surface
Hole, it can also effectively prevent the appearance of penetration.
Then, mainly realized for the casting process of whole cylinder head by following technique：A, using ladder pourer
Skill, so that molten iron energy Stable Filling, and can is preferably vented, and temperature field is more uniform, is not likely to produce in process of setting
Stress, the defects of being not likely to produce shrinkage porosite；B, compound positioning is used between loam core and loam core, preferably ensure that the positioning accurate of loam core
Degree, meets Casting tolerance requirement, wherein compound positioning has the coarse positioning of guiding when as generally transferring all loam cores, also has
Ensure the fine positioning of the positioning precision of all loam cores, using positioning cored structure, the fine positioning of all loam cores is using locating core as base
Standard, in short transverse, to prevent loam core from deforming, there is support；C, because loam core is more（Totally 7 core sands）, to solve core
Exhaust, which there is steam vent all loam core inner chambers and connect with external form, wears, and on die body plane be vented by flanging, be vented piece be vented,
Exhaust needle, which is vented, causes bleb defect to be greatly reduced.
Finally, for the machining process of whole cylinder head, the processing side being combined using Four-axis milling and horizontal processing
Formula, manufacturing procedure is reduced to 5, be broadly divided into following manufacturing procedure：Plane in processing；Under being processed on the basis of upper plane
Plane and sleeve port；Four axle panoramic tables process three sides；Process a side and intake and exhaust valve string holes；Sleeve port honing adds
Work.Wherein, in above-mentioned manufacturing procedure, traditional processing mode and cutter are improved, predominantly：A, using band sliver
Cutter, make knife footpath ratio by 8:1 improves to 20:1, therefore, sliver cutter to be caused workpiece surplus not by main axis jerking during processing
Uniformly it is minimized, it ensures cylindricity mainly by sliver, and cutter is rigidly good, due to there is sliver supporting, it is suppressed that vibration, make
Machined surface quality improves；B, guide hole and valve line are combined processing；C, with high-speed cutting, -- slow cutting -- is griffed --
The step of high-speed cutting, the surface smoothness of valve line is set to be higher than 0.8, bounce is less than 0.04mm；And due to cylinder structure,
So that cylinder cap processing and cylinder barrel honing process must be completed integrally, --- half right boring --- right boring --- that work flow is heavy boring
--- corase grind --- fine grinding -- platform mill, processing request therein is mainly following items for pre-grinding：A, sleeve port cylindricity tolerance will
Ask less than 0.008.B, 140 ° of reticulate pattern angle.C, the parameter such as Rk, Rpk, Rvk is international standard.D, finished product bottom side of the wall is machined
Unilateral is 6mm.E, sleeve port bottom is blind hole, escape 8mm.And for above-mentioned processing request, mainly using following processing
Process and process meet process requirements：A, right boring is added sleeping using sliver cutter, honing surplus is 0.05mm, circle
Post degree is controlled 0.006 or so；B, reticulate pattern angle is bistrique rotary speed and reciprocating speed control, and speed increase is advantageous to improve
Surface smoothness, when close to sleeve port bottom, because honing head needs to commutate, therefore the change of speed can influence the angle of reticulate pattern
And other specification, and traditional plover mill machine is difficult reticulate pattern parameter when controlling honing head commutation, and produced disorderly close to during bottom
Line, therefore servo-drive system lapping machine is used in processing technology in this patent, speed when system is commutated by adjusting and
Bistrique rotating speed reaches reticulate pattern parameter；C, bottom increases a short stroke to prevent the generation of the taper in honing process；D, will
Honing is revised as back taper, and honing head bottom is bigger 0.01mm than upper diameter, and maked corrections hole taper.
Above-mentioned cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine and its processing method with cylinder barrel, set using in cylinder head bottom with cylinder barrel
Structure and staged pouring technology and Four-axis milling and it is horizontal process the processing mode being combined, it is by cylinder sleeve and cold
But water cavity is fixedly mounted as overall, not only effectively improves the cooling effect of cylinder head, and largely reduce cylinder body
Bulk strength requirement, improve machining accuracy and processing efficiency, thus improve and manufacture efficiency and cost-effective.
It is emphasized that：It the above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not the present invention made any formal
Limitation, every any simple modification, equivalent change and modification for being made to above example of technical spirit according to the present invention,
In the range of still falling within technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of processing method of the cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel, cylinder head has cylinder cover, in the cylinder
Lid bottom is provided with cylinder structure, and the cylinder structure includes cylinder sleeve and the cooling water for the effect of cooling can be played to cylinder sleeve
Chamber, it is characterised in that：The processing method includes the process and method of the main body water channel cored structure of cylinder cover casting process,
The casting technique and machine-tooled method of cylinder head；
Cylinder head is processed in the machine-tooled method of the cylinder head, the processing side being combined using Four-axis milling and horizontal processing
Formula, manufacturing procedure is reduced to 5, be broadly divided into following manufacturing procedure：
Plane in processing；Lower plane and sleeve port are processed on the basis of upper plane；Four axle panoramic tables process three sides；
Process a side and intake and exhaust valve string holes；Sleeve port Honing process；
Wherein, in above-mentioned manufacturing procedure, traditional processing mode and cutter are improved, predominantly：
A, using band sliver cutter, knife footpath ratio is made by 8:1 improves to 20:1；
B, guide hole and valve line are combined processing；
C, with high-speed cutting -- slow cutting -- griffes -- the step of high-speed cutting, the surface smoothness of valve line is higher than 0.8,
Bounce is less than 0.04mm.
2. the processing method of the cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel according to right asks 1, it is characterised in that：The master
Body water channel cored structure can use high temperature resistance, the coating of high osmosis, core sand in it then using with low thermal coefficient of expansion,
Spherical sand grains, good mobility, gas permeability is low, surface is smooth, compact structure, refractoriness are high, easily defeated and dispersed so that casting water cavity
Smooth, dimensionally stable material is made.
3. the processing method of the cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel according to right asks 1, it is characterised in that：The gas
The casting technique of cylinder cap is mainly realized by following technique：
A, using ladder pouring technology；
B, compound positioning is used between loam core and loam core, i.e., has the coarse positioning of guiding when transferring all loam cores, it is also guaranteed
The fine positioning of the positioning precision of all loam cores, using positioning cored structure, the fine positioning of all loam cores on the basis of locating core,
Short transverse, to prevent all loam cores from deforming, there is support；
C, there is steam vent all loam core inner chambers and connect with external form and worn, and on die body plane be vented by flanging, be vented piece exhaust,
Exhaust needle is vented.
4. the processing method of the cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel according to right asks 1, it is characterised in that：The gas
Cylinder cap is processed and the sleeve port Honing process must be completed integrally, and work flow is heavy boring, and --- half right boring --- right boring --- is pre-
--- corase grind --- fine grinding -- platform mill, processing request therein is mainly following items to mill：A, sleeve port cylindricity tolerance requirement
Less than 0.008；
B, 140 ° of reticulate pattern angle；
C, Rk, Rpk, Rvk parameter are international standard；
D, it is unilateral to machine finished product bottom side of the wall is 6mm；
E, sleeve port bottom is blind hole, escape 8mm.
5. the processing method of the cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel according to right asks 4, it is characterised in that：The gas
Cylinder cap is processed and the sleeve port Honing process mainly meets processing request using following manufacturing procedure and process：
A, right boring is added sleeping using sliver cutter, honing surplus is 0.05mm, and cylindricity is controlled 0.006 or so；
B, reticulate pattern angle is bistrique rotary speed and reciprocating speed control, and speed increase is advantageous to improve surface smoothness, connect
During nearly sleeve port bottom, because honing head needs to commutate, therefore the change of speed can influence the angle and parameter of reticulate pattern, by using
Servo-drive system lapping machine, system reach reticulate pattern parameter by speed during adjustment commutation and bistrique rotating speed；
C, bottom increases a short stroke to prevent the generation of the taper in honing process；
D, honing is revised as back taper, honing head bottom is bigger 0.01mm than upper diameter, and maked corrections hole taper.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510535096.6A CN105089842B (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2015-08-28 | A kind of cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine and its processing method with cylinder barrel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510535096.6A CN105089842B (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2015-08-28 | A kind of cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine and its processing method with cylinder barrel |
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| CN105089842B true CN105089842B (en) | 2017-12-15 |
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| DE102016110007A1 (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2017-11-30 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Cylinder for a reciprocating engine and method for finishing a cylinder for a reciprocating engine |
| CN107598098A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2018-01-19 | 科华控股股份有限公司 | Making core material coremaking using special type prevents the technological measure of the disconnected core of intermediate water channel core |
| CN106246398A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-12-21 | 江苏武蕾机械有限公司 | A kind of cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine and processing technique thereof |
| CN108907086B (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2019-12-03 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | A kind of casting mould of alloy cast iron cylinder sleeve |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2001003806A (en) * | 1999-04-21 | 2001-01-09 | Toyota Motor Corp | Cylinder head integrated type cylinder block and manufacture thereof |
| WO2012129339A2 (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2012-09-27 | Cummins Intellectual Property, Inc. | Internal combustion engine having improved cooling arrangement |
| CN103216352A (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2013-07-24 | 孙鑫 | Engine sleeve cover body |
| WO2014010018A1 (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2014-01-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Internal combustion engine |
| JP2014095361A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2014-05-22 | Toyota Motor Corp | Internal combustion engine including variable compression ratio mechanism |
| CN103008561A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-04-03 | 天长缸盖有限公司 | Integral water channel mould of cylinder cover of diesel engine |
| CN203978637U (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-12-03 | 广东德力柴油机有限公司 | A kind of cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine |
| CN104624973A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2015-05-20 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Casting technology of engine cylinder cap |
| CN204851459U (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-09 | 江苏武蕾机械有限公司 | Single cylinder diesel cylinder head with cylinder |
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