CN105089842A - Single cylinder diesel cylinder cover with cylinder barrel and machining method thereof - Google Patents
Single cylinder diesel cylinder cover with cylinder barrel and machining method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105089842A CN105089842A CN201510535096.6A CN201510535096A CN105089842A CN 105089842 A CN105089842 A CN 105089842A CN 201510535096 A CN201510535096 A CN 201510535096A CN 105089842 A CN105089842 A CN 105089842A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a single cylinder diesel cylinder cover with a cylinder barrel and a machining method thereof. The single cylinder diesel cylinder cover comprises a cylinder cover body mounted on a cylinder body. The cylinder cover body is provided with a gas inlet channel, a gas exhaust channel, an oil spray hole and mounting holes. The cylinder barrel structure is arranged on the lower portion of the cylinder cover body and comprises a cylinder sleeve and a cooling water cavity, wherein the cooling water cavity is arranged outside the cylinder sleeve and integrated with the cylinder sleeve. According to the single cylinder diesel cylinder cover with the cylinder barrel and the machining method thereof, the cylinder barrel structure is arranged on the lower portion of the cylinder cover, a stepped pouring process is adopted, four-axis machining and horizontal machining are combined, and the cylinder sleeve and the cooling water cavity are fixedly mounted as a whole, so that the cooling effect of the cylinder barrel part of the cylinder cover is effectively improved, and the overall strength requirement for the cylinder body is lowered to a large extent; the machining precision and the machining efficiency are improved, and accordingly the producing and manufacturing efficiency is improved and cost is reduced.
Description
technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of cylinder cover for diesel engine and machining manufacture thereof.
background technique:
Single cylinder diesel structure is simple, organization of production is comparatively easy, price is cheap, progressively define single cylinder engine ranks with Chinese characteristics, its is applicable to the lower national conditions of the purchasing power in the long-term use habit in China rural area and current rural area, but what the price competition that single cylinder diesel is low and product homogeneity and low-level repetition also made enterprise technology upgrade is short of power, and environmental regulation increasingly stringent in recent years, on the October 1st, 15 that is emitted on of non-road single cylinder diesel must reach state III standard before, the diesel engine lower than national Ⅲ emission can not be sold again before on April 1st, 2016, and current domestic single cylinder diesel nominal power is bigger than normal, cause the reliability of product, emission performance is deteriorated, use oil consumption is high, thus can not in use energy-saving and emission-reduction, therefore, the demarcation diesel engine power of science answered by a new generation's single cylinder diesel, and design fuel limit device, the key technology of research emission controls by improving combustion, reduce discharge, pass through injection system, the matching optimization of air exchange system and chamber structure, particularly by improving the system optimization of single cylinder diesel injection system, combustion process carrys out Optimization of Diesel Engine combination property, and single cylinder cylinder head is the critical piece of diesel engine, very important effect is had to diesel engine performance, be sleeve port in single cylinder cylinder head bottom, because table in sleeve port is subject to high-temperature fuel gas direct effect, and all the time with piston ring and piston generation high-speed friction, conventional construction is by cylinder body water cavity cooling cylinder sleeve, therefore, good cooling effect can not be reached, and the requirement of strength of conventional construction to cylinder body is higher, thus the weight of cylinder body is made to strengthen, not only bad for manufacturing efficiency low and be unfavorable for carrying, and cost is higher.
summary of the invention:
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, provides a kind of and effectively can improve the cooling effect of cylinder head and can effectively improve production and processing precision and efficiency, cost-saving cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine and processing method thereof.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel, comprise cylinder cover, be arranged on cylinder body, the mounting hole described cylinder cover being provided with intake duct, air outlet flue, nozzle opening and cylinder cover and cylinder body can being linked together, cylinder structure is provided with in described cylinder cover bottom, described cylinder structure comprises cylinder sleeve and can play the cooling water chamber of the effect of cooling to cylinder sleeve, and it is outside and in aggregates with described cylinder sleeve shape that described cooling water chamber is arranged at cylinder sleeve.
As preferably, described intake duct is set to make oil gas in it obtain well-mixed helical channel structure.As preferably, in described nozzle opening, be provided with the copper sheathing that can strengthen its cooling performance.
As preferably, described cylinder body is the aluminium alloy cylinder adopting extrusion process to make.
A kind of processing method of the cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel, described cylinder head comprises position main body water channel cored structure in the inner and is positioned at cylinder sleeve and the cooling water chamber of its underpart, it is characterized in that: the course of working and the method that comprise main body water channel cored structure and mould thereof, the casting technique of cylinder head and machine-tooled method.
As preferably, described water channel cored structure can adopt the coating of high temperature resistance, high osmosis, core sand in it then adopt there is low thermal expansion coefficient, spherical sand grains, good mobility, gas permeability is low, smooth surface, compact structure, refractoriness are high, easily defeated and dispersed, such that foundry goods water cavity is smooth, the material of dimensionally stable is made.
As preferably, the casting process of described cylinder head realizes mainly through following technique:
A, employing ladder pouring technology;
B, between loam core and loam core, adopt compound location, namely have the coarse positioning of guiding when lower core, also the fine positioning of the positioning precision in guaranteed loam core, adopt locating core structure, the fine positioning in all loam cores all with this loam core for benchmark, in short transverse, for preventing loam core to be out of shape, all there is support;
C, all loam cores inner chamber all have exhaust port and connect with external form to be worn, and on die body, plane is vented by flanging exhaust, the exhaust of exhaust sheet, exhaust needle.
As preferably, the machining process of described cylinder head, adopts Four-axis milling and sleepingly adds the processing mode combined, making manufacturing procedure be reduced to 5 roads, be mainly divided into following manufacturing procedure:
plane in processing;
upper plane is benchmark processing lower plane and sleeve port;
three sides processed by four axle traverse platforms;
process a side and intake and exhaust valve string holes;
honing cylinder jacket hole.Wherein, in above-mentioned manufacturing procedure, traditional processing mode and cutter are improved, are mainly:
A, employing band sliver cutter, make cutter footpath be increased to 20:1 than by 8:1;
B, guide hole and valve line carry out Combined machining;
C,--slow cutting--griffes--step of high-speed cutting, makes the surface finishment of valve line higher than 0.8, beats and be less than 0.04mm with high-speed cutting.
As preferably, described cylinder head processing and the processing of described cylinder sleeve honing machine must integrally complete, work flow is heavy boring, and------------corase grind---fine grinding--platform mill, processing request is wherein mainly following several: a, the requirement of sleeve port cylindricity tolerance is less than 0.008 in pre-grinding in right boring in half right boring.B, reticulate pattern angle 140 °.The parameters such as c, Rk, Rpk, Rvk are international standard.D, machining finished product lower end side wall are monolateral is 6mm.Be blind hole bottom e, sleeve port, tool withdrawal groove is 8mm.
As preferably, the one processing following manufacturing procedure of main employing of described cylinder head processing and described cylinder sleeve honing machine and technological method meet processing request:
A, employing sliver cutter add right boring sleeping, and honing surplus is 0.05mm, and cylindricity controls about 0.006;
B, reticulate pattern angle are that bistrique rotational speed and reciprocating speed control, speed increase is conducive to improving surface finishment, close to bottom sleeve port time, because honing head needs commutation, therefore the change of speed can affect angle and other parameters of reticulate pattern, by adopting servo-system lapping machine, system reaches reticulate pattern parameter by speed during adjustment commutation and bistrique rotating speed;
C, bottom increase the generation that a short stroke prevents tapering in honing process;
D, honing is revised as inverted cone, 0.01mm larger than upper diameter bottom honing head, correction hole taper.
Compared with prior art, usefulness of the present invention is: this cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel and processing method thereof, employing arranges in cylinder head bottom to be with the structure of cylinder barrel and cascade pouring technology and Four-axis milling and to crouch and adds the processing mode combined, cylinder sleeve and cooling water chamber fixedly mount by as a whole, not only effectively improve the cooling effect of cylinder head, and largely on reduce the bulk strength requirement of cylinder body, improve machining accuracy and work efficiency, thus improve and manufacture efficiency and cost-saving.
accompanying drawing illustrates:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is front cross-sectional structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 of the present inventionly looks up structural representation;
In figure: 1, cylinder cover 3, intake duct 4, air outlet flue 5, nozzle opening 6, mounting hole 7, cylinder sleeve 8, cooling water chamber
embodiment:
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments:
A kind of cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel and processing method thereof, as Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, comprise cylinder cover 1, be arranged on cylinder body, described cylinder cover 1 is provided with intake duct 3, air outlet flue 4, nozzle opening 5 and the mounting hole 6 that cylinder cover 1 and cylinder body can be linked together, cylinder structure is provided with in described cylinder cover 1 bottom, described cylinder structure comprises cylinder sleeve 7 and can play the cooling water chamber 8 of the effect of cooling to cylinder sleeve 7, it is outside and in aggregates with described cylinder sleeve 7 shape that described cooling water chamber 8 is arranged at cylinder sleeve 7, in embody rule process, bore area due to cylinder sleeve 7 is subject to high-temperature fuel gas direct effect, and all the time with piston ring and piston generation high-speed friction, therefore a large amount of heat can be produced, and cylinder sleeve 7 and the integrative-structure of cooling water chamber 8 can better play to cool to cylinder sleeve and act on, cooling effect is better, and, cylinder head makes to reduce the requirement of strength of cylinder body with the overall structure of cylinder sleeve 7, former alloy castiron cylinder can use the cylinder body of aluminum alloy material instead, thus cylinder body weight is declined greatly, alleviate the weight of complete machine, and enhance productivity, can fully be mixed for making the oil gas in described intake duct 3, described intake duct 3 is set to make oil gas in it obtain well-mixed helical channel structure, thus it is more abundant to make oil gas burn, improve combustion efficiency, energy-saving and emission-reduction, and for increase into, the trigonum sectional area of air outlet flue and oil injector hole, nozzle opening 5 can be cooled better in injection process, the copper sheathing that can strengthen its cooling performance is provided with in described nozzle opening 5, described copper sheathing is bushing in described nozzle opening 5, thus the cooling effect of described nozzle opening is effectively improved, improve the usability of cylinder head.
In concrete making and course of working, first need to design by demand parameter the mould of each several part agent structure, wherein, the main body water channel cored structure being positioned at cylinder head inside is due to the comparatively complicated and thinnest part only 4mm of its structure, be difficult to shaping, thinnest part easy-rupturing, disconnected core is had in casting process, local scab, the situations such as core distortion occur, therefore the structure of its water channel core mold needs loophole position reasonable in design, core shooting mode, exhaust position, exhaust mode, core sand in it then adopts has low thermal expansion coefficient, spherical sand grains, good mobility, gas permeability is low, smooth surface, compact structure, refractoriness is high, easily defeated and dispersed, make foundry goods water cavity smooth, the material of dimensionally stable, and in the present embodiment, be preferably nice foundry sand, in addition, water channel cored structure can adopt high temperature resistance, the coating of high osmosis, as zircon flour coating, thus core surface pore can not only effectively be blocked, effectively can also prevent the appearance of penetration.
Then, the casting process for whole cylinder head realizes mainly through following technique: a, employing ladder pouring technology, thus makes molten iron energy Stable Filling, can be vented preferably again, and temperature field is comparatively even, not easily produces stress in process of setting, not easily produce the defects such as shrinkage porosite; B, between loam core and loam core, adopt compound location, ensure that the positioning precision in loam core preferably, meet Casting tolerance requirement, have the coarse positioning of guiding when wherein compound location is usually lower core, the also fine positioning of the positioning precision in guaranteed loam core, adopts locating core structure, the fine positioning in all loam cores all with this loam core for benchmark, in short transverse, for preventing loam core to be out of shape, all there is support; C, due to loam core more (totally 7 core sands), be solve the exhaust of core, all loam cores inner chamber all has exhaust port and connects with external form to be worn, and on die body, plane makes blow hole defect greatly decline by flanging exhaust, the exhaust of exhaust sheet, exhaust needle exhaust.
Finally, for the machining process of whole cylinder head, adopt Four-axis milling and sleeping add the processing mode combined, making manufacturing procedure be reduced to 5 roads, be mainly divided into following manufacturing procedure:
plane in processing;
upper plane is benchmark processing lower plane and sleeve port;
three sides processed by four axle traverse platforms;
process a side and intake and exhaust valve string holes;
honing cylinder jacket hole.Wherein, in above-mentioned manufacturing procedure, traditional processing mode and cutter are improved, is mainly: a, employing band sliver cutter, cutter footpath is made to be increased to 20:1 than by 8:1, therefore, sliver cutter makes to add man-hour acceptor's axle and beats and cause that workpiece surplus is uneven to be dropped to minimum, and it mainly ensures cylindricity by sliver, cutter good rigidly, owing to there being sliver to support, inhibit vibration, machined surface quality is improved; B, guide hole and valve line carry out Combined machining; C,--slow cutting--griffes--step of high-speed cutting, makes the surface finishment of valve line higher than 0.8, beats and be less than 0.04mm with high-speed cutting; And due to cylinder structure, thus cylinder cap processing and cylinder barrel honing operation is made integrally to complete, work flow is heavy boring, and------------corase grind---fine grinding--platform mill, processing request is wherein mainly following several: a, the requirement of sleeve port cylindricity tolerance is less than 0.008 in pre-grinding in right boring in half right boring.B, reticulate pattern angle 140 °.The parameters such as c, Rk, Rpk, Rvk are international standard.D, machining finished product lower end side wall are monolateral is 6mm.Be blind hole bottom e, sleeve port, tool withdrawal groove is 8mm.And for above-mentioned processing request, main following manufacturing procedure and the technological method of adopting meets process requirements: a, employing sliver cutter add right boring sleeping, and honing surplus is 0.05mm, and cylindricity controls about 0.006; B, reticulate pattern angle are that bistrique rotational speed and reciprocating speed control, speed increase is conducive to improving surface finishment, close to bottom sleeve port time, because honing head needs commutation, therefore the change of speed can affect angle and other parameters of reticulate pattern, and traditional plover mill machine is difficult to reticulate pattern parameter when controlling honing head commutation, and close to producing random line during bottom, therefore adopt servo-system lapping machine in processing technology in this patent, system reaches reticulate pattern parameter by speed during adjustment commutation and bistrique rotating speed; C, bottom increase the generation that a short stroke prevents tapering in honing process; D, honing is revised as inverted cone, 0.01mm larger than upper diameter bottom honing head, correction hole taper.
The above-mentioned cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel and processing method thereof, employing arranges in cylinder head bottom to be with the structure of cylinder barrel and cascade pouring technology and Four-axis milling and to crouch and adds the processing mode combined, cylinder sleeve and cooling water chamber fixedly mount by as a whole, not only effectively improve the cooling effect of cylinder head, and largely on reduce the bulk strength requirement of cylinder body, improve machining accuracy and work efficiency, thus improve and manufacture efficiency and cost-saving.
It is emphasized that: be only preferred embodiment of the present invention above, not any pro forma restriction is done to the present invention, every above embodiment is done according to technical spirit of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification, all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel, comprise cylinder cover (1), be arranged on cylinder body, described cylinder cover (1) is provided with intake duct (3), air outlet flue (4), nozzle opening (5) and the mounting hole (6) that cylinder cover (1) and cylinder body can be linked together, it is characterized in that: be provided with cylinder structure in described cylinder cover (1) bottom, described cylinder structure comprises cylinder sleeve (7) and can play the cooling water chamber (8) of the effect of cooling to cylinder sleeve (7), it is outside and in aggregates with described cylinder sleeve (7) shape that described cooling water chamber (8) is arranged at cylinder sleeve (7).
2. the cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described intake duct (3) is set to make oil gas in it obtain well-mixed helical channel structure.
3. the cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described nozzle opening is provided with the copper sheathing that can strengthen its cooling performance in (5).
4. the cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described cylinder body is the aluminium alloy cylinder adopting extrusion process to make.
5. the processing method with the cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine of cylinder barrel, described cylinder head comprises position main body water channel cored structure in the inner and is positioned at cylinder sleeve and the cooling water chamber of its underpart, it is characterized in that: the course of working and the method that comprise main body water channel cored structure and mould thereof, the casting technique of cylinder head and machine-tooled method.
6. the processing method of the cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel described in 6 is asked according to right, it is characterized in that: described water channel cored structure can adopt the coating of high temperature resistance, high osmosis, core sand in it then adopt there is low thermal expansion coefficient, spherical sand grains, good mobility, gas permeability is low, smooth surface, compact structure, refractoriness are high, easily defeated and dispersed, such that foundry goods water cavity is smooth, the material of dimensionally stable is made.
7. ask the processing method of the cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel described in 6 according to right, it is characterized in that: the casting process of described cylinder head realizes mainly through following technique:
A, employing ladder pouring technology;
B, between loam core and loam core, adopt compound location, namely have the coarse positioning of guiding when lower core, also the fine positioning of the positioning precision in guaranteed loam core, adopt locating core structure, the fine positioning in all loam cores all with this loam core for benchmark, in short transverse, for preventing loam core to be out of shape, all there is support;
C, all loam cores inner chamber all have exhaust port and connect with external form to be worn, and on die body, plane is vented by flanging exhaust, the exhaust of exhaust sheet, exhaust needle.
8. the processing method of the cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel described in 6 is asked according to right, it is characterized in that: the machining process of described cylinder head, adopt Four-axis milling and crouch and add the processing mode combined, make manufacturing procedure be reduced to 5 roads, be mainly divided into following manufacturing procedure:
plane in processing;
upper plane is benchmark processing lower plane and sleeve port;
three sides processed by four axle traverse platforms;
process a side and intake and exhaust valve string holes;
honing cylinder jacket hole;
Wherein, in above-mentioned manufacturing procedure, traditional processing mode and cutter are improved, are mainly:
A, employing band sliver cutter, make cutter footpath be increased to 20:1 than by 8:1;
B, guide hole and valve line carry out Combined machining;
C,--slow cutting--griffes--step of high-speed cutting, makes the surface finishment of valve line higher than 0.8, beats and be less than 0.04mm with high-speed cutting.
9. the processing method of the cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel described in 8 is asked according to right, it is characterized in that: described cylinder head processing and the processing of described cylinder sleeve honing machine must integrally complete, work flow is heavy boring---half right boring---and right boring---pre-grinding---corase grind---fine grinding--platform mill, processing request is wherein mainly following several: a, the requirement of sleeve port cylindricity tolerance is less than 0.008;
B, reticulate pattern angle 140 °;
The parameters such as c, Rk, Rpk, Rvk are international standard;
D, machining finished product lower end side wall are monolateral is 6mm;
Be blind hole bottom e, sleeve port, tool withdrawal groove is 8mm.
10. ask the processing method of the cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine with cylinder barrel described in 9 according to right, it is characterized in that: main following manufacturing procedure and the technological method of adopting of one processing of described cylinder head processing and described cylinder sleeve honing machine is to meet processing request:
A, employing sliver cutter add right boring sleeping, and honing surplus is 0.05mm, and cylindricity controls about 0.006;
B, reticulate pattern angle are that bistrique rotational speed and reciprocating speed control, speed increase is conducive to improving surface finishment, close to bottom sleeve port time, because honing head needs commutation, therefore the change of speed can affect angle and other parameters of reticulate pattern, by adopting servo-system lapping machine, system reaches reticulate pattern parameter by speed during adjustment commutation and bistrique rotating speed;
C, bottom increase the generation that a short stroke prevents tapering in honing process;
D, honing is revised as inverted cone, 0.01mm larger than upper diameter bottom honing head, correction hole taper.
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| CN201510535096.6A CN105089842B (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2015-08-28 | A kind of cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine and its processing method with cylinder barrel |
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| CN201510535096.6A CN105089842B (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2015-08-28 | A kind of cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine and its processing method with cylinder barrel |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN106246398A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-12-21 | 江苏武蕾机械有限公司 | A kind of cylinder cap of single-cylinder diesel engine and processing technique thereof |
| CN107598098A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2018-01-19 | 科华控股股份有限公司 | Making core material coremaking using special type prevents the technological measure of the disconnected core of intermediate water channel core |
| CN108907086A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-11-30 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | A kind of alloy cast iron cylinder sleeve casting mold |
| CN109195736A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2019-01-11 | 大众汽车有限公司 | The use of cylinder, the method for finally being processed to cylinder, reciprocating piston system and reciprocating piston system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109195736A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2019-01-11 | 大众汽车有限公司 | The use of cylinder, the method for finally being processed to cylinder, reciprocating piston system and reciprocating piston system |
| CN109195736B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2021-03-05 | 大众汽车有限公司 | Cylinder, method for finishing a cylinder, reciprocating piston system and use of a reciprocating piston system |
| CN107598098A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2018-01-19 | 科华控股股份有限公司 | Making core material coremaking using special type prevents the technological measure of the disconnected core of intermediate water channel core |
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| CN108907086A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-11-30 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | A kind of alloy cast iron cylinder sleeve casting mold |
| CN108907086B (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2019-12-03 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | A kind of casting mould of alloy cast iron cylinder sleeve |
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