CN105089574A - Mobile trial production equipment pulled up by hydraulic cylinder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a mobile trial mining equipment that adopts a hydraulic cylinder to lift. It includes a two-stage oil pumping support, a hydraulic cylinder that drives the sliding oil pumping support to expand and contract; it also includes a fixed pulley, a rope hanger, a displacement sensor, three lifting hydraulic cylinders, an accumulator, a programmable logic controller, and a speed controller , variable speed motor, quantitative pump, overflow valve, three hydraulic reversing valves, support cylinder, movable pulley, control box, skid-mounted base and diesel generator. The core of the test mining unit is the execution part composed of three hydraulic cylinders installed side by side. The power unit controls and drives the movement of the test mining unit. The quantitative pump controls the up and down movement of the middle hydraulic cylinder to drive the hydraulic cylinders on both sides to move, and the wire rope bypasses the fixed pulley to lift the rope hanger connected to the end of the wire rope to realize trial mining. The hydraulic cylinders on both sides have rod cavities connected with hydraulic accumulators as balance weights. The invention has the advantages of stepless adjustment of stroke times, large load capacity, energy recovery and utilization, small motor loss and high oil recovery efficiency.

Description

Mobile trial mining equipment that is lifted by hydraulic cylinders

technical field

The invention relates to a production test equipment, in particular to a mobile test production equipment which is driven by a hydraulic cylinder and is driven by a rod pump on the ground for oil test production.

Background technique

As one of the key links in the oil extraction process, test production plays an important role in oil field development. Trial production is a small-scale or short-term production of an oil field. The purpose of test production is to find out whether there is industrial oil flow in a certain area, to verify the oil and gas bearing area and oil-water boundary of the reservoir and the oil production capacity of the reservoir, to obtain the test data and fluid properties of each layer, and to calculate oilfield reserves and compile The basis for the development plan.

At present, there are few special equipments for test production in my country, and most of them use pumping units to realize test production. The beam pumping unit is a commonly used oil pumping equipment at present, but it is not suitable for trial production conditions due to its large size and poor stroke adjustment. A few oilfields currently use beamless pumping units. This type of pumping unit has adjustable stroke times when used in test production operations, but most of them are fixed structures with large mass and volume, which is not convenient for transportation. The mobile trial mining equipment utilizes electro-hydraulic technology to realize the advantages of large stroke adjustment range, good load adaptability, and strong controllability of the whole machine. At the same time, the test mining equipment is highly integrated, small in size and weight, installed on a skid-mounted base, and can be easily transported.

After searching the existing technology, it is found that the Chinese invention patent with the authorized announcement number CN101638980B discloses a fully balanced hydraulic transmission pumping unit. The invention uses a variable pump to control the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder is driven by two sets of wire ropes The sucker rod moves up and down. But this invention utilizes counterweight as counterweight, and the quality adjustment of counterweight is inconvenient. At the same time, it adopts a fixed truss structure, which has a large volume and weight and is difficult to move. In addition, it is necessary to pre-lay the foundation and reassemble the equipment before the oil pumping operation. Therefore, it is necessary to design more reasonable special equipment suitable for test mining conditions to improve the feasibility, reliability and practicability of test mining equipment.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the existing problems of various types of equipment used in test mining conditions such as large volume, heavy weight, low efficiency, inconvenient movement, poor control performance, etc., the purpose of the present invention is to provide a mobile test equipment that uses hydraulic cylinders to lift. mining equipment to overcome the problems existing in the field of background technology.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

The invention includes a two-stage oil pumping support, a hydraulic cylinder that drives the sliding oil pumping support to expand and contract; it also includes a fixed pulley, a rope suspension, a displacement sensor, three lifting hydraulic cylinders, a hydraulic accumulator, a programmable logic controller, Speed controller, variable speed motor, quantitative pump, oil tank, overflow valve, three hydraulic directional valves, support cylinder, moving pulley, wire rope, control box, skid-mounted base and diesel generator.

The speed controller is connected to the quantitative pump through the variable speed motor. The oil suction port of the quantitative pump is connected to the fuel tank, and the oil outlet is connected to the P port of the high-pressure oil inlet port of the three hydraulic reversing valves and the oil inlet port of the relief valve, and the T port of the three hydraulic reversing valves. and the oil return port of the overflow valve are connected to the oil tank, the A port of the first hydraulic reversing valve is connected to the rodless chamber of the middle lifting hydraulic cylinder, and the B port is connected to the rod chamber of the middle lifting hydraulic cylinder; The rod cavity of the lifting hydraulic cylinder on the side is connected to the hydraulic accumulator. After the tops of the piston rods of the three lifting hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected with the mounting plate, the moving pulley is connected to the mounting plate, and one end of the wire rope is fixed on the sliding pumping frame of the oil pumping bracket. On the top of the oil support, the other end straddles the movable pulley and the fixed pulley and connects to the rope hanger; the A port of the second hydraulic reversing valve is connected to the rodless cavity of the support cylinder, and the B port is connected to the rod cavity of the support cylinder; the third hydraulic reversing valve Port A is connected to the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder that drives the sliding oil pumping support to expand and contract, and port B is connected to the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder that drives the sliding oil pumping support to expand and contract; the displacement sensor is connected to the mounting plate, and the programmable logic controller is connected to the displacement sensor , the programmable logic controller is connected to the variable speed motor through the speed controller; the three lifting hydraulic cylinders are fixed in the oil pumping support, and the bottoms of the three lifting hydraulic cylinders are connected to the bottom of the oil pumping support through another mounting plate, and the oil pumping The bottom end of the bracket is hinged on one end of the skid-mounted base; the bottom end of the bracket cylinder is hinged on the skid-mounted base, and the top end of the piston rod of the bracket cylinder is hinged on the bottom of the oil pumping bracket; the diesel generator and the electric control cabinet are installed on the other side of the skid-mounted base At one end, the control box is mounted on one end of the skid-mounted base.

The programmable logic controller and the speed controller are installed in the electric control cabinet; the three hydraulic reversing valves are installed in the control box.

The three lifting hydraulic cylinders are composed of three identical hydraulic cylinders. The three lifting hydraulic cylinders are equidistantly arranged. The middle lifting hydraulic cylinder moves up and down while driving the lifting hydraulic cylinders on both sides to move up and down. The three lifting hydraulic cylinders The cylinder is parallel to the oil pump bracket and can be freely expanded and contracted inside.

The hydraulic accumulator is composed of 6 hydraulic accumulators of equal size connected in parallel, and the oil inlet and outlet ports are respectively connected together by hydraulic pipelines to form a total oil inlet and outlet port.

The beneficial effects that the present invention has are:

The present invention adopts the way of three lifting hydraulic cylinders to realize hydraulic balance counterweight and frequency conversion valveless direct drive. It has the advantages of low loss, high oil recovery efficiency, compact structure, small mass, convenient transportation, and low cost.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the structure of the present invention in the working condition of oil test and production test.

Fig. 3 is a right view of the structure of the present invention in the working condition of oil testing and production testing.

Fig. 4 is a front view of the structure of the present invention during transportation.

In the figure: 1. Fixed pulley, 2. Rope hanger, 3. Displacement sensor, 4. Three lifting hydraulic cylinders, 5. Hydraulic accumulator, 6. Programmable logic controller, 7. Speed controller, 8 . Variable speed motor, 9. Quantitative pump, 10. Fuel tank, 11. Relief valve, 12. Three hydraulic reversing valves, 13. Hydraulic cylinder that drives the sliding oil pumping bracket to expand and contract, 14. Support cylinder, 15. Moving pulley, 16. Steel wire rope, 17. Oil pumping bracket, 18. Control box, 19. Skid-mounted base, 20. Diesel generator.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, the present invention comprises two-stage oil pumping support 17, the hydraulic cylinder 13 that drives sliding oil pumping support telescopic; Also comprises fixed pulley 1, suspension rope device 2, displacement sensor 3. Three lifting hydraulic cylinders 4. Hydraulic accumulator 5. Programmable logic controller 6. Speed controller 7. Variable speed motor 8. Quantitative pump 9. Oil tank 10. Relief valve 11. Three hydraulic reversing Valve 12, support cylinder 14, movable pulley 15, wire rope 16, control box 18, skid-mounted base 19 and diesel generator 20.

The speed controller 7 is connected to the quantitative pump 9 via the variable speed motor 8. The oil suction port of the quantitative pump 9 is connected to the oil tank 10, and the oil outlet is connected to three hydraulic reversing valves 12. Port 12T of the first hydraulic reversing valve and the oil return port of the overflow valve 11 are connected to the oil tank 10, the port of the first hydraulic reversing valve 12A is connected to the rodless cavity of the middle lifting hydraulic cylinder 4, and the port B is connected to the rodless chamber of the middle pulling hydraulic cylinder. Rod cavity; the rod cavity of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 4 located on both sides of the middle lifting hydraulic cylinder 4 is connected to the hydraulic accumulator 5 through a hydraulic pipeline, and the tops of the piston rods of the three lifting hydraulic cylinders 4 are fixedly connected with a mounting plate , the movable pulley 15 is connected above the mounting plate, and one end of the steel wire rope 16 is fixed on the top of the sliding oil pumping support of the oil pumping support 17, and the other end is connected to the rope hanger 2 after crossing the movable pulley 15 and the fixed pulley 1; the second hydraulic reversing valve 12A port is connected to the support cylinder 14 rodless cavity, B port is connected to the support cylinder 14 rod cavity; the third hydraulic reversing valve 12A port is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 13 rodless cavity that drives the sliding oil pumping bracket telescopic, and B port is connected to the driving sliding oil pumping The telescopic hydraulic cylinder 13 of the support has a rod cavity; the displacement sensor 3 is connected to the mounting plate, the programmable logic controller 6 is connected to the displacement sensor 3, and the programmable logic controller 6 is connected to the variable speed motor 8 through the speed controller 7; The three lifting hydraulic cylinders 4 are fixed in the oil pumping bracket 17, the bottoms of the three lifting hydraulic cylinders 4 are connected to the bottom of the oil pumping bracket 17 through another mounting plate, and the bottom end of the oil pumping bracket 17 is hinged on one end of the skid-mounted base 19 The bottom end of the support cylinder 14 is hinged on the skid-mounted base 19, and the top end of the piston rod of the support cylinder 14 is hinged at the bottom of the oil pumping support 17; the diesel generator 20 and the electric control cabinet are installed on the other end of the skid-mounted base 17, and the control box 18 is installed on one end of skid-mounted base 17.

The programmable logic controller 6 and the speed controller 7 are installed in the electric control cabinet; the three hydraulic reversing valves 12 are installed in the control box 18 .

As shown in Figure 1, the three lifting hydraulic cylinders 4 are composed of three identical hydraulic cylinders, the three lifting hydraulic cylinders are equidistantly arranged, and the middle lifting hydraulic cylinder moves up and down while driving the lifting hydraulic cylinders on both sides up and down Movement, three lifting hydraulic cylinders 4 are parallel to the oil pumping bracket 17, and can freely expand and contract inside it; the layout is compact, and simultaneously pulling up the hydraulic cylinders also improves the mechanical strength of the oil pumping bracket.

The hydraulic accumulator 5 is composed of 6 hydraulic accumulators of equal size connected in parallel, and its oil inlet and outlet ports are respectively connected together by hydraulic pipelines to form a total oil inlet and outlet port. By distributing the hydraulic accumulator volume, the layout can be simplified and the volume of the equipment can be reduced.

The high-pressure oil outlet of the quantitative pump 9 is respectively connected to the middle lifting hydraulic cylinder 4, the hydraulic cylinder 13 that drives the sliding oil pumping support telescopically, and the support cylinder 14 through three hydraulic reversing valves 12. The lifting hydraulic cylinders on both sides have rod chambers and 5 hydraulic accumulators are connected; the middle lifting hydraulic cylinder is used as the main driving hydraulic cylinder, and the lifting hydraulic cylinders on both sides are used as counterweights to recover energy during the sucker rod lowering process and release energy during the sucker rod rising process. The filling pressure of the hydraulic accumulator 5 can easily adjust the counterweight; the quantitative pump 9 drives the three lifting hydraulic cylinders 4 to move up and down during the test mining operation, and drives the sliding oil pumping support after the operation is completed or before the operation starts The telescopic hydraulic cylinder 13 and the support cylinder 14 are telescopic, so as to drive the oil sucking arm to stretch out, retract, stand erect or fall down. The device only needs one energy source, which simplifies the system and reduces the volume and weight of the device.

The three lifting hydraulic cylinders 4 pull the load without considering the stability of the pressure bar, which increases the stability of the mechanical structure and reduces the volume of the hydraulic cylinder.

Diesel generator 20 starts when equipment is in the field without power supply, and provides electric energy for the equipment;

As shown in Figure 4, all components of the equipment are integrated on the skid-mounted base 19, which can be directly transported by truck without disassembly; during oil testing and production testing, the skid-mounted base 19 only needs to be fixed on the ground next to the wellhead with anchor screws , without building a foundation.

All components of the equipment are commonly used components, and there is no need for special processing, which reduces the cost of the equipment.

Working process of the present invention is as follows:

1. Preparation before mining

Before carrying out the test mining operation, the mobile test mining equipment is placed on the wellhead, and the skid-mounted base 19 is fixed on the ground through anchor screws. Turn on the diesel generator 20 or connect the equipment to the power supply, and the programmable logic controller 6 drives the variable speed motor 8 through the speed controller 7 to drive the quantitative pump 9 to rotate synchronously. The second hydraulic reversing valve is placed in the left position, the quantitative pump 9 fills the rodless chamber of the support cylinder 14, and the support cylinder 14 piston rod stretches out and supports the oil pumping support 17 to stand up. After the oil pumping support 17 is erected, the second hydraulic reversing valve is placed in the middle position, and the third hydraulic reversing valve is placed in the left position at the same time, and the quantitative pump 9 fills the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 13 that drives the sliding oil pumping support to expand and contract. liquid, the hydraulic cylinder 13 piston rod that drives the sliding oil pumping bracket stretches out and drives the sliding oil pumping bracket to stretch out. After the sliding oil suction bracket is fully extended, put the third hydraulic reversing valve in the neutral position.

2. The sucker rod goes down:

The programmable logic controller 6 outputs an optimal control signal to the speed controller 7 according to the input parameters such as stroke times and the working conditions measured by the displacement sensor 3 . The rotational speed controller 7 outputs a driving current with changing frequency to drive the variable speed motor 8 to drive the quantitative pump 9 to rotate synchronously. The speed of the variable speed motor is planned according to the trapezoidal speed curve, which reduces the impact during the reversing process and makes the sucker rod move smoothly. When the displacement sensor 3 detects that the piston rod of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 4 reaches a predetermined upward stroke, the programmable logic controller 6 outputs a deceleration signal to the speed controller 7 . When the speed controller 7 controls the motor speed to be zero, the first hydraulic reversing valve switches to the left position, and the programmable logic controller 6 outputs an acceleration signal to the speed controller at the same time, so that the variable speed motor 8 drives the quantitative pump 9 to accelerate and rotate to Set the speed value. The high-pressure oil at the outlet of the quantitative pump 9 enters the rodless cavity of the middle lifting hydraulic cylinder 4 through the first hydraulic reversing valve. The piston rod of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 4 is extended simultaneously, the sucker rod is lowered, and the high-pressure oil in the rod cavity of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 4 on both sides is pressed into the hydraulic accumulator 5, so that the motor does work and pumps oil The gravitational potential energy of the pole is recovered, which reduces the installed power.

3. The sucker rod goes up:

When the displacement sensor 3 detects that the piston rod of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 4 reaches a predetermined downward stroke, the programmable logic controller 6 outputs a deceleration signal to the speed controller 7 . When the speed controller 7 controls the motor speed to be zero, the first hydraulic reversing valve switches to the right position, and the programmable logic controller 6 outputs an acceleration signal to the speed controller at the same time, so that the variable speed motor 8 drives the quantitative pump 9 to accelerate and rotate to Set the speed value. The high-pressure oil from the oil outlet of quantitative pump 9 enters the rod cavity of the middle lifting hydraulic cylinder through the first hydraulic reversing valve, and the high-pressure oil in the accumulator 5 enters the rod cavity of the two lifting hydraulic cylinders at the same time. The piston rod of the first lifting hydraulic cylinder is retracted, and the movable pulley 15 is pulled down simultaneously, and the movable pulley 15 drives the rope hanger 2 to rise through the wire rope 16, thereby driving the sucker rod connected to the rope hanger below to rise. When the sucker rod rises, the oil in the oil well is extracted to the ground, thus completing a working cycle. The lifting hydraulic cylinders located on both sides act as counterweights to stabilize the force on the three lifting hydraulic cylinders. Repeat the second and third steps to make the sucker rod move up and down continuously until the test production operation is completed.

4. Operation after trial mining

After the test mining operation is over, the first hydraulic reversing valve is placed in the right position, and the quantitative pump 9 fills the rod cavity of the middle lifting hydraulic cylinder through the first hydraulic reversing valve, so that the piston rods of the three lifting hydraulic cylinders 4 are retracted. . After the piston rods of the three lifting hydraulic cylinders 4 are retracted, the first hydraulic reversing valve is placed in the middle position, and the third hydraulic reversing valve is placed in the right position at the same time, and the quantitative pump 9 is driven by the third hydraulic reversing valve. The telescopic hydraulic cylinder 13 of the sliding oil pumping support has a rod cavity filled with liquid, so that the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 13 that drives the telescopic sliding oil pumping support drives the sliding oil pumping support to retract. When the sliding oil pumping support is retracted, the third hydraulic reversing valve is placed in the middle position, and the second hydraulic reversing valve is placed in the right position at the same time, and the quantitative pump 9 has a rod to the support cylinder 14 through the second hydraulic reversing valve. The cavity is filled with liquid, and the support oil cylinder 14 piston rods drive the oil pumping support 17 to fall down. After the oil pumping support 17 falls down, put the second hydraulic reversing valve in the neutral position, and turn off the diesel generator 20 or cut off the external power supply, and then the mobile test mining equipment can be transported to the next working place as a whole.

Claims (4)

1. the portable pilot production equipment adopting hydraulic cylinder to draw high, comprise the oil pumping support (17) of two-stage, drive the hydraulic cylinder (13) that the oil pumping support that slides is flexible, it is characterized in that: also comprise fixed pulley (1), polished rod eye (2), displacement transducer (3), three are drawn high hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic accumulator (5), programmable logic controller (PLC) (6), rotational speed governor (7), variable speed motor (8), constant displacement pump (9), fuel tank (10), overflow valve (11), three hydraulicdirectional control valves, support oil cylinder (14), movable pulley (15), wire rope (16), control cabinet (18), skid base (19) and diesel-driven generator (20),

Rotational speed governor (7) connects constant displacement pump (9) through variable speed motor (8), constant displacement pump (9) inlet port connected tank (10), oil-out connects three hydraulicdirectional control valve high pressure oil inlet P mouths and overflow valve (11) oil-in, the oil recirculating port connecting tank (10) of three hydraulicdirectional control valve T mouths and overflow valve (11), first hydraulicdirectional control valve A mouth connects the rodless cavity that hydraulic cylinder is drawn high in centre, and B mouth connects the rod chamber that hydraulic cylinder is drawn high in centre; Be positioned at the rod chamber drawing high hydraulic cylinder drawing high hydraulic cylinder both sides in centre and connect hydraulic accumulator (5), after three top installing plates drawing high hydraulic cylinder piston rod connect firmly, movable pulley (15) is connected above installing plate, one end of wire rope (16) is fixed on the top of slip oil pumping support of oil pumping support (17), and the other end strides across movable pulley (15) and is connected polished rod eye (2) afterwards with fixed pulley (1); Second hydraulicdirectional control valve A mouth connects support oil cylinder (14) rodless cavity, and B mouth connects support oil cylinder (14) rod chamber; 3rd hydraulicdirectional control valve A mouth connects hydraulic cylinder (13) rodless cavity driving the oil pumping support that slides flexible, and B mouth connects hydraulic cylinder (13) rod chamber driving the oil pumping support that slides flexible; Displacement transducer (3) is connected with described installing plate, and programmable logic controller (PLC) (6) is connected with displacement transducer (3), and programmable logic controller (PLC) (6) is connected with variable speed motor (8) through rotational speed governor (7); Three are drawn high hydraulic cylinder and are fixed in oil pumping support (17), and three are drawn high bottom hydraulic cylinder and are connected to oil pumping support (17) bottom by another installing plate, and oil pumping support (17) bottom is hinged on one end of skid base (19); The bottom of support oil cylinder (14) is hinged on skid base (19), and the piston rod top of support oil cylinder (14) is hinged on oil pumping support (17) bottom; Diesel-driven generator (20) and electrical control cubicles are arranged on the other end of skid base (17), and control cabinet (18) is arranged on one end of skid base (17).

2. a kind of portable pilot production equipment adopting hydraulic cylinder to draw high according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described programmable logic controller (PLC) (6) and rotational speed governor (7) are arranged in electrical control cubicles; Three hydraulicdirectional control valves are arranged in control cabinet (18).

3. a kind of portable pilot production equipment adopting hydraulic cylinder to draw high according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described three are drawn high hydraulic cylinder (4) and are made up of three identical hydraulic cylinders, three are drawn high hydraulic cylinder equidistant placement, centre is drawn high hydraulic cylinder and is moved up and down and drive both sides to draw high hydraulic cylinder and move up and down simultaneously, three to draw high hydraulic cylinder parallel with oil pumping support (17), can free-extension therein.

4. a kind of portable pilot production equipment adopting hydraulic cylinder to draw high according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described hydraulic accumulator (5) is composed in parallel by 6 equal-sized hydraulic accumulators, its oil inlet and outlet is linked together by fluid pressure line respectively, forms a total oil inlet and outlet.