CN105088912A - Blocking-unblocking coupled type roadbed and road surface integrated cooling structure and pavement method - Google Patents
Blocking-unblocking coupled type roadbed and road surface integrated cooling structure and pavement method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a blocking-unblocking coupled type roadbed and road surface integrated cooling structure. The blocking-unblocking coupled type roadbed and road surface integrated cooling structure consists of a reflecting coating, a heat resistant surface layer and a gravel roadbed, and the temperature of the roadbed is reduced by controlling thermal radiation, thermal conduction and thermal convection respectively. Compared with an existing frozen earth roadbed cooling technology, the blocking-unblocking coupled type cooling structure has the following characteristics that a roadbed cooling measure (namely a ventilating and heat dissipating effect of the gravel roadbed) is taken, a road surface cooling measure (namely a heat resistant effect of the reflecting coating and the heat resistant surface) is also taken, and roadbed and road surface integrated cooling is implemented; and in the prior art, a cooling effect only can be achieved in a certain mode which is one of a thermal radiation mode, a thermal conduction mode and a thermal convection mode, and by a blocking-unblocking coupling structure, cooling effects in the three modes can be coupled. The blocking-unblocking coupled type roadbed and road surface integrated cooling structure not only is suitable for a narrow roadbed, but also is suitable for a wide roadbed, and effects of improving heat stability of the frozen earth roadbed and relieving negative influences of a thaw settlement effect on a road surface structure are obvious.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Geotechnical Engineering field, relate to one " resistance-Tong " coupled mode subgrade and pavement integration cooling structure, can be used in reducing Permafrost Area high-grade highway wide cut roadbed temperature, improve frozen earth roadbed heat stability and alleviate the adverse effect of thaw collapse effect road pavement structure.
Background technology
Qinghai-Tibet speedway total length about 1100 kilometers is that the final stage not yet built at a high speed is hidden in country " 71118 " freeway net Zhong jing, the unique road event including national expressway network in of Ye Shi Tibet Autonomous Region.Tibet Autonomous Region is the province (district) that China does not uniquely have the sensible interior ground of speedway at present, is called as " the Lhasa isolated island " of speedway, seriously governs the socioeconomic development in Tibet region.Build Qinghai-Tibet speedway to the economic development of Tibet region, build a well-off society in an all-round way significant.But build the protection that high speed maximum technical barrier in Qinghai-Tibet is ever-frozen ground.
Frozen soil is that a kind of temperature sensitivity is extremely strong and the great soil group that heat stability is very poor, and its physico-mechanical properties produces acute variation with the thermal agitation of external environment.By the impact of global warming, Permafrost On Qingzang Plateau is in degenerative process, such that this area's frozen soil upper limit constantly reduces, frozen soil layer thickness reduces gradually, exacerbates the generation of thaw collapse distortion and the destruction of road structure.In addition, highway in China mainly adopts asphalt pavement structure, and compared with the regional sand-gravel surface generally adopted such as Russia and North America, the amount of radiation that road bed absorbs sharply increases, and reflectivity reduces greatly, exacerbates the degeneration of frozen soil further.
In order to reduce frozen soils temperature and improve frozen earth roadbed heat stability, Chinese scholars proposes a series of subgrade in permafrost soil zone engineering stability technology, mostly concentrate on roadbed aspect absolutely, the measure taked mainly comprise arrange sheet block stone layer, lay heat preserving and insulating material, lay hot pin and air chimney etc., a few studies reduces frozen earth roadbed temperature by changing road structure thermal parameter, as adopted kieselguhr bituminous concrete and one direction heat transfer road structure etc.
Existing frozen earth roadbed falling temperature technique is carry out based on the narrow roadbed (width of subgrade≤10m) of railway or secondary and following lower grade highway mostly, although the effect of these measures in narrow roadbed is better, but be not necessarily applicable to high-grade highway wide cut roadbed (width of subgrade >=24.5m), its main cause is as described below:
(1) with regard to block (broken) stone roadbed, after narrow roadbed becomes wide cut roadbed, flexible pavement width significantly increases on the one hand, and the heat that roadbed is absorbed increases.On the other hand under the prerequisite of maintainance block rock layers Rational Thickness, there is natural convection by being difficult in embankment zone line, plays cooling effect also will weaken the soil body.
(2) although heat insulation layer can play good heat-blocking action at warm season, also blocked extraneous cold at cold season and entered roadbed.From long-range effect, heat insulation layer can not change the trend of roadbed heat absorption, and under wide cut roadbed condition, single warming plate measure cannot reduce the accumulation of the long-term heat in frozen earth roadbed inside.
(3) hot-mix recycling.Hot pin can active cooling frozen earth roadbed, but be limited to the refrigeration work consumption of hot pin, the useful effect radius of the general hot pin cooling soil body is about 2m, after width of subgrade increases, the burying density, laying form etc. underground and all will change of hot pin.Meanwhile, hot-mix recycling only can play a role at cold season, cannot play the effect of protection of permafrost at warm season, therefore adopts single thermal rod, still needs further study the applicability of wide cut roadbed.
(4) ventilation pipe foundation.After adopting speedway, because width of subgrade increases considerably, air chimney length in roadbed is increased, and the convection action of inner air tube will weaken, and the active cooling function of air chimney will be affected.And warm season due to hot air enter after be difficult to get rid of, cause roadbed recept the caloric increase.
(5) change the cooling measure of road structure thermal parameter, its action principle is similar to isolation layer, and the cooling-down effect for wide cut roadbed requires study equally.
In a word, existing Permafrost Area roadbed falling temperature technique all has respective limitation, cannot meet the needs of Qinghai-Tibet speedway wide cut roadbed.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides one " resistance-Tong " coupled mode subgrade and pavement integration cooling structure and laying method, the problems such as caloric receptivity increase, the aggravation of thaw collapse effect are adopted after wide cut roadbed to solve Permafrost Area high-grade highway, thus improve frozen earth roadbed heat stability, alleviate the road structure destruction because thaw collapse additional deformation causes.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of " resistance-Tong " coupled mode subgrade and pavement integration cooling structure, comprises the reflectance coating, thermal resistance surface layer and the Gravel road base that arrange from top to bottom.Frozen earth roadbed temperature is reduced respectively: the solar radiant heat 1. reducing to enter road structure by road table reflectance coating from controlling heat radiation, heat transfer and thermal convection current three kinds of forms; 2. heat is controlled to frozen earth roadbed heat transfer process by the thermal resistance surface layer that thermal conductivity coefficient is less; 3. by arranging macadam, strengthen the thermal convection current process of roadbed and external environment, thus the heat that subgrade and pavement absorbs is shed in time.In above-mentioned cooling effect, be 1., 2. road surface cooling measure, reacted the function of " resistance "; 3. be roadbed cooling measure, reacted the effect of " leading to ".
Further, reflectance coating position is a kind of functional material coating bitumen layer surface, can improve the dark nature of flexible pavement, and reduce the caloric receptivity of road structure by improving solar radiation reflectivity, its reflectivity is 0.3.
Further, described thermal resistance surface layer adopts SBS modified bitumen, and bitumen aggregate ratio is 5.5%, comprise gather materials, filler and fabric and raw-vermiculite powder, described fabric and raw-vermiculite opaque amount accounts for the quality 10% of gathering materials, and reduces the coefficient of thermal conductivity of bituminous concrete by adding fabric and raw-vermiculite powder in gathering materials.
Further, described in gather materials for basalt, filler is limestone mineral powder.
Further, described thermal resistance surface thickness is 4cm, and the coefficient of heat conduction is 0.570W/ (mK), and specific heat capacity is 613.24J/ (KgK).
Further, the mineral aggregate gradation of described thermal resistance surface layer is AC-13C.
Further, the mineral aggregate gradation of described thermal resistance surface layer is: the square hole screen being of a size of 16mm, and mineral aggregate percent of pass is 100%; Be of a size of the square hole screen of 13.2mm, mineral aggregate percent of pass is 96%; Be of a size of the square hole screen of 9.5mm, mineral aggregate percent of pass is 70%; Be of a size of the square hole screen of 4.75mm, mineral aggregate percent of pass is 43%; Be of a size of the square hole screen of 2.36mm, mineral aggregate percent of pass is 32%; Be of a size of the square hole screen of 1.18mm, mineral aggregate percent of pass is 23%; Be of a size of the square hole screen of 0.6mm, mineral aggregate percent of pass is 17%; Be of a size of the square hole screen of 0.3mm, mineral aggregate percent of pass is 12%; Be of a size of the square hole screen of 0.15mm, mineral aggregate percent of pass is 8%; Be of a size of the square hole screen of 0.075mm, mineral aggregate percent of pass is 6%.
Further, the above 0.5m of distance natural ground at the bottom of described macadam basic unit, thickness is 1.5m, and its particle size range is 6 ~ 8cm.
Further, the specific heat capacity of described Gravel road base is about 839J/ (KgK), and the coefficient of heat conduction is about 0.396W/ (mK).
A kind of laying method of " resistance-Tong " coupled mode subgrade and pavement integration cooling structure:
Step one: distance natural ground above 0.5m arranges Gravel road base, it is thick that the thickness of Gravel road base is arranged to 1.5m;
Step 2: thickness setting is the thermal resistance surface layer of 4cm on Gravel road base;
Step 3: the reflectance coating that reflectivity is 0.3 is set on thermal resistance surface layer.
Beneficial effect: one provided by the invention " resistance-Tong " coupled mode subgrade and pavement integration cooling structure, first by coating the reflective coating reflects part solar radiant heat of road table, reduce the heat that flexible pavement absorbs, then due to the thermal resistance effect of thermal resistance surface layer, hinder heat lower portion road structure and frozen earth roadbed transmission further, last under the effect of Gravel road base ventilation and heat, shed entering frozen earth roadbed heat.Under three's coupling, make the heat of frozen earth roadbed inner accumulation drop to minimum, improve frozen earth roadbed heat stability to greatest extent, effectively delayed the degeneration of ever-frozen ground, alleviated the adverse effect that thaw collapse effect is brought." resistance-Tong " provided by the invention coupled mode cooling structure overcomes the deficiency existed in existing frozen earth roadbed stabilization technique, be not only applicable to narrow roadbed, fine equally to the punishment effect of high-grade highway wide cut roadbed, can consider to use in the expressway construction of Qinghai-Tibet.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is " resistance-Tong " coupled mode subgrade and pavement integration cooling structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is reflectance coating schematic diagram in this " resistance-Tong " coupled structure;
Fig. 3 is for changing the fabric and raw-vermiculite powder schematic diagram of thermal resistance top heat-conductive performance in this " resistance-Tong " coupled structure;
Fig. 4 is 5 ~ 20 years temperature changing curve diagrams under different engineering measure condition;
Fig. 5 melts graph of a relation that is dark and width of subgrade under different engineering measure condition.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
1) improvement of cooling effect
Existing frozen earth roadbed falling temperature technique or only take measures in roadbed, or only for road structure, do not realize road surface roadbed integration cooling; In addition, existing technology often only plays cooling effect (namely controlling heat radiation, heat transfer and thermal convection current one wherein) a certain in form, does not realize the coupling of various cooling effect.
" resistance-Tong " provided by the invention coupled mode structure efficiently solves the problems referred to above, on ventilation and heat foundation of road bed, by changing anti-heat radiation performance and the guide temp energy of road structure, thus realizes the structure of road surface roadbed integration cooling.As shown in Figure 1, " resistance-Tong " coupled mode structure is made up of reflectance coating 1, thermal resistance surface layer 2 and Gravel road base 3, and its cooling effect comprises three parts:
(1) improving the reflectivity of flexible pavement to solar radiation by arranging reflectance coating on flexible pavement surface, reducing the heat flow entering road structure;
(2) hinder heat to frozen earth roadbed transmission by the asphalt surface course that design thermal conductivity coefficient is less;
(3) by the ventilation and heat effect of Gravel road base, the heat that subgrade and pavement absorbs is shed in time, thus reduce frozen earth roadbed temperature.
2) design of " resistance-Tong " coupled mode structure
(1) reflectance coating.Reflectance coating is a kind of functional material coating bitumen layer surface, the dark nature of flexible pavement can be improved, reducing the caloric receptivity of road structure by improving solar radiation reflectivity, being usually used in alleviating urban heat island effect at present and alleviating flexible pavement high temperature rut disease.Choose Japanese white nanometer highly-reflective coating material (as shown in Figure 2), seminar is by carrying out temperature test and parameter inverse to the flexible pavement containing reflectance coating, and the reflectivity obtaining reflectance coating is about 0.5.But existing achievement in research shows, reflectance coating solar radiation reflectivity is usually between 0.4 ~ 0.8, and along with the increase of service life, reflectivity can significantly decline.Therefore, in order to consider the long-term cooling effect of reflectance coating, during the checking of " resistance-Tong " coupled mode structure cooling-down effect, (seeing below) chooses reflective coating reflects rate is 0.3.
(2) thermal resistance surface layer.Thermal resistance surface layer fabric and raw-vermiculite used powder (as shown in Figure 3) is the material that a kind of thermal conductivity coefficient is little, refractoriness good and resistance to chemical attack is strong, there is good thermal and insulating performance, be usually used in house heat-insulating material, fireproof filling material etc., its physical parameter is as shown in table 1.The coefficient of thermal conductivity of bituminous mixture is reduced by adding fabric and raw-vermiculite powder in gathering materials, and the thermal parameter of different addition quantity bituminous mixture is measured by test, consider the impact of fabric and raw-vermiculite powder on bituminous mixture mechanical property, during test, maximum doping quantity is decided to be 10% (accounting for the percentage of gross mass of gathering materials).
Table 1 fabric and raw-vermiculite powder physical parameter table
Table 2AC-13 Target Mixture Ratio
Gather materials during shaping marshal piece employing basalt, and filler is limestone mineral powder, and mineral aggregate gradation is AC-13, and Target Mixture Ratio is such as shown in table 2.Adopt SBS modified bitumen, bitumen aggregate ratio is 5.5%.Test the bituminous mixture of 5 kinds of fabric and raw-vermiculite powder volumes (0%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%), each volume makes 5 marshal pieces, totally 25 groups of tests.Adopt Mathistci thermal analyzer to test the coefficient of heat conduction of these 25 test specimens and specific heat capacity, result of the test is as shown in table 3.
Can find out, along with the increase of fabric and raw-vermiculite powder volume, the coefficient of heat conduction and the specific heat capacity of bituminous mixture all reduce.Enter frozen earth roadbed heat to reduce to the full extent, described " resistance-Tong " coupled mode structure selects fabric and raw-vermiculite powder volume to be that the bituminous mixture of 10% is as thermal resistance surface material.
Table 3 asphalt mixture heat parameter experiment result
(3) Gravel road base.Existing achievement in research shows, the cooling-down effect of Gravel road base is closely related with the thickness of the particle size of rubble and macadam, when the particle diameter of rubble is 6 ~ 8cm, its result of ventilating heat dissipation is optimum, and there is an optimum thickness in macadam, when thickness too large or too little time all can reduce the cooling-down effect of Gravel road base, its optimum thickness should be determined according to on-the-spot physical condition.Select 1.5m thick herein, particle diameter is the ventilation and heat layer of Gravel road base as coupled structure of 6 ~ 8cm, and its physical parameter is as shown in table 4.
Table 4 macadam physical parameter table
3) " resistance-Tong " coupled mode structure cooling-down effect checking
In order to verify the cooling-down effect of " resistance-Tong " coupled mode structure excellence and the applicability to wide cut roadbed, Finite Element Method is utilized to be analyzed common roadbed, Gravel road base and " resistance-Tong " coupled mode roadbed temperature field, simultaneously, melt dark Changing Pattern to three kinds of roadbeds to study, result is as described below:
(1) roadbed temperature contrast under different engineering measure condition.Examine or check a little using roadbed center line 5m depth as temperature, under different engineering measure condition, roadbed 5 ~ 20 years variations in temperature as shown in Figure 4, can be found out, under identical time conditions, resistance logical coupling roadbed temperature is minimum, and secondly, common roadbed temperature is the highest for Gravel road base; Along with the time increases, three kinds of roadbed temperatures are all in rising trend, and common roadbed temperature elevation amplitude is maximum, and resistance logical coupling roadbed temperature elevation amplitude is minimum; Compared to other two kinds of roadbeds, resistance logical coupling roadbed temperature raises the most slowly, heat stability is best, minimum to the disturbance of natural frozen soil.
(2) melt under different engineering measure condition and deeply contrast with width of subgrade Changing Pattern.Different engineering measure roadbed different year centerline is maximum melts the dark change with width as shown in Figure 5, known, in the width range chosen, melt the deeply ascending resistance logical coupling roadbed < Gravel road base < that is followed successively by without engineering measure roadbed, along with the increase of width of subgrade, Gravel road base is maximum to be melted dark and melts dark difference substantially in reduction trend without engineering measure is maximum, this is because the increase of width of subgrade inhibits the formation of natural convection in macadam, thus reduce the effect of Gravel road base heat loss through convection, also will weaken the cooling effect of the soil body, so single Gravel road base measure should not be used in the roadbed that ever-frozen ground sector width is larger, along with the increase of width of subgrade, resistance logical coupling roadbed and common roadbed melt dark difference, resistance logical coupling roadbed and Gravel road base melt dark difference and increase all gradually, this not only can be dispelled the heat by macadam owing to hindering logical coupling roadbed, and can reflectance coating be passed through, thermal resistance surface layer blocks external heat and imports roadbed into, although the ventilation and heat effect of macadam weakens to some extent along with the increase of width of subgrade, but reflectance coating, the thermal resistance effect of thermal resistance surface layer strengthens with the increase of width of subgrade, under the comprehensive function of three, the cooling-down effect of resistance logical coupling roadbed totally strengthens with the increase of width of subgrade, therefore resistance logical coupling roadbed is optimum for the punishment effect of wide cut roadbed, can consider to use in the expressway construction of Qinghai-Tibet.
The laying method of the present invention " resistance-Tong " coupled mode subgrade and pavement integration cooling structure:
Step one: distance natural ground above 0.5m arranges Gravel road base, it is thick that the thickness of Gravel road base is arranged to 1.5m;
Step 2: thickness setting is the thermal resistance surface layer of 4cm on Gravel road base;
Step 3: the reflectance coating that reflectivity is 0.3 is set on thermal resistance surface layer.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. " resistance-Tong " coupled mode subgrade and pavement integration cooling structure, is characterized in that: comprise the reflectance coating (1), thermal resistance surface layer (2) and the Gravel road base (3) that arrange from top to bottom.
2. a kind of " resistance-Tong " coupled mode subgrade and pavement integration cooling structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the reflectivity of described reflectance coating (1) is 0.3.
3. a kind of " resistance-Tong " coupled mode subgrade and pavement integration cooling structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described thermal resistance surface layer (2) adopts SBS modified bitumen, bitumen aggregate ratio is 5.5%, comprise gather materials, filler and fabric and raw-vermiculite powder, described fabric and raw-vermiculite opaque amount accounts for the quality 10% of gathering materials.
4. a kind of " resistance-Tong " coupled mode subgrade and pavement integration cooling structure according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described in gather materials for basalt, filler is limestone mineral powder.
5. a kind of " resistance-Tong " coupled mode subgrade and pavement integration cooling structure according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described thermal resistance surface layer (2) thickness is 4cm, the coefficient of heat conduction is 0.570W/ (mK), and specific heat capacity is 613.24J/ (KgK).
6. a kind of " resistance-Tong " coupled mode subgrade and pavement integration cooling structure according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the mineral aggregate gradation of described thermal resistance surface layer (2) is AC-13C.
7. a kind of " resistance-Tong " coupled mode subgrade and pavement integration cooling structure according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the mineral aggregate gradation of described thermal resistance surface layer (2) is: the square hole screen being of a size of 16mm, and mineral aggregate percent of pass is 100%; Be of a size of the square hole screen of 13.2mm, mineral aggregate percent of pass is 96%; Be of a size of the square hole screen of 9.5mm, mineral aggregate percent of pass is 70%; Be of a size of the square hole screen of 4.75mm, mineral aggregate percent of pass is 43%; Be of a size of the square hole screen of 2.36mm, mineral aggregate percent of pass is 32%; Be of a size of the square hole screen of 1.18mm, mineral aggregate percent of pass is 23%; Be of a size of the square hole screen of 0.6mm, mineral aggregate percent of pass is 17%; Be of a size of the square hole screen of 0.3mm, mineral aggregate percent of pass is 12%; Be of a size of the square hole screen of 0.15mm, mineral aggregate percent of pass is 8%; Be of a size of the square hole screen of 0.075mm, mineral aggregate percent of pass is 6%.
8. a kind of " resistance-Tong " coupled mode subgrade and pavement integration cooling structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the above 0.5m of distance natural ground at the bottom of described Gravel road base (3) layer, thickness is 1.5m, and its particle size range is 6 ~ 8cm.
9. a kind of " resistance-Tong " coupled mode subgrade and pavement integration cooling structure according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: the specific heat capacity of described Gravel road base (3) is about 839J/ (KgK), and the coefficient of heat conduction is about 0.396W/ (mK).
10. a laying method for " resistance-Tong " coupled mode subgrade and pavement integration cooling structure, is characterized in that:
Step one: distance natural ground above 0.5m arranges Gravel road base (3), it is thick that the thickness of Gravel road base (3) is arranged to 1.5m;
Step 2: thickness setting is the thermal resistance surface layer (2) of 4cm on Gravel road base (3);
Step 3: the reflectance coating (1) that reflectivity is 0.3 is set on thermal resistance surface layer (2).
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